根管治疗期间疼痛的药物防治临床疗效观察

目的:观察口服替硝唑和地塞米松防治根管治疗期间疼痛(EIP)的临床疗效。方法:将82例牙髓炎或根尖周炎病例随机分成两组,治疗组根管预备封药后口服替硝唑和地塞米松,对照组根管预备封药后不口服替硝唑和地塞米松。结果:两组病例根管治疗期间疼痛的发生有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:口服替硝唑和地塞米松防治根管治疗期间疼痛有较好的临床效果。     

3种不同根管预备方法对老年人根管治疗约诊间痛的影响

目的 比较老年患者根管治疗时3种不同预备方法根管治疗约诊间痛（EIAP）的发生率。方法 将265例老年患者的292颗急、慢性牙髓炎或根尖周炎患牙随机分为M组、G组和H组,分别采用Mtwo镍钛机用器械改良单一长度技术、G钻改良步退技术、不锈钢H锉常规步退技术进行根管预备,分析3组患者的EIAP发生率。结果 M组、G组和H组的EIAP 发生率分别为5.81%、6.38%、19.64%。统计分析表明：M组和H组、G组和H组之间均有统计学差异（P<0.012 5）,M组和G组之间无统计学差异（P>0.012 5）。结论 Mtwo镍钛机用器械改良单一长度技术、G钻改良步退技术可显著降低老年患者根管治疗的疼痛。     

K3根管预备系统根管预备后发生约诊间痛的临床分析

目的：采用K3根管预备系统进行根管预备,观察约诊间痛的情况,探讨发生约诊间痛的影响因素。方法临床选取因龋病或隐裂引起牙髓炎的患者共138例,其中男65例,女73例,年龄18~66岁。随机分成2组,分别采用大锥度K3机用镍钛器械（实验组）和02锥度手用不锈钢K锉（对照组）预备,比较2组根管预备后,患牙约诊间痛（EIAP）发生的情况。结果采用K3机动预备系统预备的患牙约诊间痛发生率显著低于K锉常规法（P=0.02）,两组差异有统计学意义。其中,多根管患牙在2组的差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,单根管患牙无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论与手动不锈钢K锉相比,K3机动根管预备系统可以降低根管预备后约诊间疼痛的发生率。     

Comparative evaluation of postoperative pain after using endodontic needle and EndoActivator during root canal irrigation: A randomised controlled trial

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the postoperative level of pain after activation of irrigants using EndoActivator with conventional needle irrigation during root canal therapy. In this prospective randomised clinical trial, 72 symptomatic irreversible pulpitis patients were selected. Based on block randomisation after routine root canal preparation, patients were assigned to two groups. In group EN, procedures were performed with endodontic irrigating needle (n = 36) while group EA received activation using EndoActivator (n = 36) in the final irrigation protocol. All the participants were called through phone at 8, 24 and 48 h to analyse pain score using visual analogue scale. Those patients who developed pain were prescribed ibuprofen 200 mg. Pain score and frequency of tablet intake were recorded and statistically analysed. Results showed that group EA resulted in significantly less postoperative pain and analgesics intake than group EN. In conclusion, within the limitations of this study, the activation of irrigants using EndoActivator can be considered an effective method for reducing postoperative pain.     

根管治疗约诊间痛发生机制的研究进展

约诊间痛是根管治疗中常见的并发症,其发生的主要原因是根尖周组织在根管治疗过程中受到机械、化学或微生物损害,导致大量炎性介质释放或激活,引发了急性根尖周炎症反应.了解约诊间痛的发生机制将有助于制定有效的预防和控制措施.     

Efficacy comparison of periapical infiltration injection of dexamethasone, morphine and placebo for postoperative endodontic pain

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of periapical infiltration injection of dexamethasone and morphine in reducing postoperative endodontic pain. Method: Ninety patients participated in this double‐blind randomised controlled clinical trial. They were referred to the dental school of Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran for conventional endodontic treatment of molar teeth. The canals of each tooth were completely prepared with cleansing and shaping. The patients were randomly divided into three experimental groups to receive dexamethasone, morphine or normal saline (1 mL). Patients were then instructed to complete a pain diary 4, 8, 24 and 48 h after the appointment. Statistical analysis consisted of chi‐squared test, analysis of variance and Kruskal–Wallis test. Results: There was a statistically significant correlation between dexamethasone or morphine treatment and decreased levels and incidence of endodontic pain at 4, 8 and 24 h, but not at 48 h (P < 0.05). It was also observed that dexamethasone was significantly more effective (56.7% no pain) than morphine (43.3% no pain). Conclusion: Periapical infiltration of dexamethasone and morphine led to a considerable decrease in postoperative endodontic pain during the first 24 h after operation. Dexamethasone was more effective than morphine in pain reduction.     

Protaper手动镍钛锉对老年人磨牙根管治疗期间急症发生率的影响

目的：评价ProTaper手动镍钛锉对老年人磨牙根管预备术后，根管治疗期间急症（EIAE）发生率的影响。方法：临床选取老年人磨牙108个，随机分为2组，分别采用ProTaper手动镍钛锉（实验组）和手动不锈钢K锉（对照组）进行根管预备，比较2组根管预备后，患牙EIAE发生的情况。结果：实验组在老年人磨牙根管预备后EIAE发生率为14．29％，对照组为32．69％，2组间差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论：应用ProTaper手动镍钛锉预备老年人磨牙根管，能够显著降低EIAE的发生。     

MTAD根管冲洗液对牙本质、牙釉质微硬度影响的研究

目的:评价MTAD根管冲洗液对牙本质、牙釉质微硬度的影响。方法:收集新鲜完整的前磨牙48个,截取牙冠并沿牙体长轴剖开,分别用30mL/L过氧化氢液、50g/L次氯酸钠液、MTAD液、13g/L次氯酸钠液处理牙本质、牙釉质5、15min,采用微硬度测定仪测定处理前、后两个时间点上牙本质、牙釉质的微硬度。结果:与30mL/L过氧化氢液和50g/L次氯酸钠液相比,使用MTAD液和13g/L次氯酸钠液处理后的牙本质、牙釉质微硬度的降低幅度不明显。结论:通过与30mL/L过氧化氢液、50g/L次氯酸钠液的对比研究发现,MTAD冲洗液对牙本质、牙釉质微硬度的影响明显小于前两者, 13g/L次氯酸钠冲洗液的影响与MTAD的相似,MTAD液联合13g/L次氯酸钠液的根管冲洗方法值得推荐。