感觉神经损伤性盐敏感性高血压大鼠血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ和内皮素的变化

目的 观察感觉神经损伤性盐敏感性高血压大鼠模型血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ和内皮素-1的变化,并探讨该模型形成的可能机制.方法 新生Wistar大鼠皮下注射辣椒辣素(50 mg/Kg),对照组则皮下注射对照液,哺乳期后挑选出雄性大鼠分成4组分别给予含盐不同的饮食4周,检测鼠尾收缩压、体重、血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ浓度、内皮素-1浓度和24h尿量、饮水量、尿钠、尿钾.结果 辣椒辣素新生处理大鼠在高盐饮食时鼠尾收缩压明显增高,肾排钠和水功能降低、血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ和内皮素-1浓度明显升高.结论 感觉神经损伤性盐敏感性高血压大鼠新模型的形成可能与肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮及内皮素系统有关.     

感觉神经损伤性盐敏感性高血压大鼠血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ和内皮素的变化

目的观察感觉神经损伤性盐敏感性高血压大鼠模型血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ和内皮素-1的变化,并探讨该模型形成的可能机制。方法新生Wistar大鼠皮下注射辣椒辣素（50mg／Kg）,对照组则皮下注射对照液,哺乳期后挑选出雄性大鼠分成4组分别给予含盐不同的饮食4周,检测鼠尾收缩压、体重、血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ浓度、内皮素-1浓度和24h尿量、饮水量、尿钠、尿钾。结果辣椒辣素新生处理大鼠在高盐饮食时鼠尾收缩压明显增高,肾排钠和水功能降低、血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ和内皮素-1浓度明显升高。结论感觉神经损伤性盐敏感性高血压大鼠新模型的形成可能与肾素一血管紧张素一醛固酮及内皮素系统有关。     

非洛地平缓释片及缬沙坦对感觉神经损伤性盐敏感性高血压大鼠的降压作用及其机制探讨

目的 观察非洛地平缓释片、缬沙坦对感觉神经损伤性盐敏感性高血压大鼠的作用,探讨其作用机制及该模型形成的机制。方法新生Wistar大鼠皮下注射辣椒辣素(50mg／kg),对照组大鼠注射对照液,哺乳期后挑选出雄性大鼠分成5组分别给予含盐不同的饮食及非洛地平、缬沙坦(30mg／kg每天,灌胃)干预4周,检测鼠尾收缩压、体重、淋巴细胞胞浆游离钙([Ca^2 ]i)、血浆降钙素基因相关肽、血管紧张素Ⅱ、内皮素浓度和24h饮水量、尿量、尿钠、尿钾。结果非洛地平及缬沙坦干预组鼠尾收缩压、淋巴细胞[Ca^2 ]i明显低于辣椒辣素 高盐组;缬沙坦干预组血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ浓度明显高于其余各组,鼠尾收缩压低于非洛地平干预组;非洛地平干预组淋巴细胞[Ca^2 ]i低于缬沙坦干预组,肾排钠量高于辣椒辣素 高盐组及缬沙坦干预组。结论非洛地平及缬沙坦干预能阻止辣椒辣素处理大鼠在高盐饮食时血压及淋巴细胞[Ca^2 ]i升高,提示该模型的形成可能与肾素血管紧张素系统及细胞内钙超载有关,而与肾素血管紧张素醛固酮系统关系可能更密切。     

缬沙坦对感觉神经损伤性盐敏感性高血压大鼠的降压作用及其机制

目的探讨缬沙坦对感觉神经损伤性盐敏感性高血压大鼠的作用及其机制.方法 感觉神经损伤性Wistar大鼠(3周龄)22只,分成3组给予含盐不同的饮食及缬沙坦(30 mg/kg·d,灌胃)干预4周,8只对照组大鼠给予高盐饮食4周,检测鼠尾收缩压、体重、淋巴细胞胞浆游离钙([Ca2+]i)、血浆降钙素基因相关肽([CGRP])、血管紧张素Ⅱ浓度(Ang Ⅱ)和24 h饮水量、尿量、尿钠、尿钾.结果缬沙坦干预组鼠尾收缩压、淋巴细胞[Ca2+]i明显低于辣椒辣素+高盐组,血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ浓度明显高其余各组.结论缬沙坦干预能阻止感觉神经损伤性大鼠在高盐饮食时血压及淋巴细胞[Ca2+]i升高,提示该模型的形成可能与肾素-血管紧张素系统有密切关系.     

缬沙坦对感觉神经损伤性盐敏感性高血压大鼠的降压作用及其机制

目的探讨缬沙坦对感觉神经损伤性盐敏感性高血压大鼠的作用及其机制。方法感觉神经损伤性Wistar大鼠(3周龄)22只,分成3组给予含盐不同的饮食及缬沙坦(30mg/kg·d,灌胃)干预4周,8只对照组大鼠给予高盐饮食4周,检测鼠尾收缩压、体重、淋巴细胞胞浆游离钙([Ca2 ]i)、血浆降钙素基因相关肽([CGRP])、血管紧张素Ⅱ浓度(AngⅡ)和24h饮水量、尿量、尿钠、尿钾。结果缬沙坦干预组鼠尾收缩压、淋巴细胞[Ca2 ]i明显低于辣椒辣素 高盐组,血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ浓度明显高其余各组。结论缬沙坦干预能阻止感觉神经损伤性大鼠在高盐饮食时血压及淋巴细胞[Ca2 ]i升高,提示该模型的形成可能与肾素-血管紧张素系统有密切关系。     

高盐饮食对Wistar大鼠血压和心脏结构功能的影响

目的探讨Wistar大鼠长期高盐摄入对血压和心脏结构、功能的影响及机制。方法 37只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组(NS,n=13)、高盐组(HS,n=24)分别饲予不同NaCl含量饲料,试验结束后HS组大鼠根据血压水平分为高盐高血压(HSH)组和高盐正常血压(HSN)组。各组均进行左心室苏木素-伊红(HE)染色、心脏彩超、收缩压、左心室质量指数(LVMI)、血浆血管紧张素(Ang)Ⅱ、高敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α浓度及左室AngⅡ、TNF-α、醛固酮含量测定。结果 HSH组大鼠血压、左室局部AngⅡ含量显著高于NS组;HS组大鼠左心室表现出心肌肥厚、LVMI升高、血浆hs CRP水平升高、AngⅡ浓度降低、左室局部TNF-α浓度明显升高,且HSH组升高更明显;各组左室局部醛固酮含量、血清TNF-α浓度及心脏功能无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论长期高盐饮食可引起部分Wistar大鼠血压升高;盐致Wistar大鼠心肌重构作用与血压无关;TNF-α可能在高盐继发的大鼠血压、心脏结构及功能变化中起重要作用。     

替米沙坦对盐敏感性高血压大鼠血管重构的影响

目的观察感觉神经损伤性盐敏感性高血压大鼠模型血管重构及替米沙坦对其的干预作用。方法新生雄性Wistar大鼠在出生后第1天和第2天分别皮下注射辣椒辣素以建立感觉神经损伤性盐敏感性高血压大鼠模型。哺乳期后,以替米沙坦治疗16周,治疗前后与同龄对照组比较。定期测量大鼠体重、血压。实验结束时,测血清透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ),大小二种动脉血管形态学等指标。结果(1)注射辣椒辣素加高盐饮食和单纯高盐饮食可使大鼠血压显著升高(。2)该模型血管重构表现为:①大动脉形态学:血管中膜厚度、中膜厚度与内径比、中膜面积显著增大,管壁胶原沉着明显。②小动脉形态学:中膜厚度、中膜厚度与内径比、中膜面积亦显著增大,而血管内径显著缩小。(3)该模型的血清HA及PCⅢ浓度均升高。(4)经替米沙坦治疗后,该模型鼠尾收缩压降低,血管重构现象有所改善。结论(1)辣椒辣素处理的新生大鼠在高盐饮食时可成功地建立一种盐敏感性高血压实验模型(。2)该模型存在血管重构现象,大血管表现为血管外向肥厚性重构,阻力血管表现为内向肥厚性重构。(3)替米沙坦可预防该模型的形成并逆转血管重构。     

洛伐他汀对老年高血压病合并高胆固醇血症患者的降脂疗效观察(摘要)

从受体水平阻断肾素－ 血管紧张素系统的生物学效应来探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ和醛固酮对高血压大鼠心肌肥厚及纤维化的作用,将二肾一夹型高血压大鼠分为高血压治疗组和高血压对照组,高血压治疗组在术后第１６ 周通过饮水给予缬沙坦（１０ μｇｇ·ｄ）,高血压对照组和假手术组不给药。术后第１６ 周、２０ 周及２８ 周分别处死大鼠,测定血压、心脏和左心室重量、血浆和心肌血管紧张素Ⅱ及醛固酮浓度、左心室重量指数、心肌胶原含量及胶原容积分数。结果发现,高血压对照组大鼠血浆和心肌血管紧张素Ⅱ及醛固酮浓度、左心室重量指数、心肌胶原浓度及胶原容积分数均显著高于假手术组（ Ｐ＜０．０５ 或０．００５）;与高血压对照组比较,高血压治疗组血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ浓度明显增高,血压、左心室重量指数、血浆醛固酮浓度、心肌胶原浓度及胶原容积分数则显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５） ,且主要是Ⅰ型胶原减少。结果提示,肾血管性高血压大鼠左心室重塑与心肌血管紧张素Ⅱ和醛固酮浓度密切相关,血管紧张素Ⅱ１ 型受体拮抗剂缬沙坦可以阻断血管紧张素Ⅱ的病理生理作用,抑制醛固酮的释放,逆转左心室重塑,心脏局部血管紧张素Ⅱ的生物学效应可能主要是血管紧张素Ⅱ１ 型受体所介导     

高血压患者血清瘦素水平与肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统相关性分析

目的 分析高血压患者瘦素与肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(RAAS)的相关性及病理生理机制.方法 高血压组70例,对照组66例,采用放射免疫方法测定瘦素、血浆肾素活性(PRA)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)和醛固酮(ALD)浓度.结果 高血压组瘦素、PRA和AngⅡ高于对照组(P＜0.05).影响瘦素的因素是性别、体重指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP)和PRA(P＜0.01).高血压组瘦素与PRA、AngⅡ、ALD、SBP正相关(P＜0.01).将高血压组分为高肾素组和非高肾素组,高肾素组瘦素高于正常肾素组(P＜0.01).结论 高血压患者存在瘦素抵抗,瘦素通过激活RAAS导致血压增高,主要表现为SBP升高.     

老年原发性高血压患者动态血压参数与部分体液因素的相关性研究

目的观察老年原发性高血压患者动态血压参数与血浆肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ及醛固酮的相关性及其临床意义。方法将162例患者分为A纽82例（〉60岁）,B组80例（〈60岁）,采用放射免疫法检测162例原发性高血压患者的血浆肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ及醛固酮水平,同时测定24h动态血压,进行相关分析。结果（1）老年高血压具有是脉压增大,波动性大,晨峰高血压现象及并发症多的特点;（2）A组血浆肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ及醛固酮水平明显高于B组;（3）血浆肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ及醛固酮与老年高血压的特点,特别是脉压增大、波动性大、晨峰高血压现象有关。结论老年原发性高血压患者血浆肾素和血管紧张素Ⅱ浓度升高,提示血浆肾素、血管紧张素一醛固酮系统对老年原发性高血压心血管系统有影响,导致老年原发性高血压患者血压特征性的变化,血浆肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ和醛固酮的测定可作为老年原发性高血压患者病情监测及治疗指标之一。     

Research and Evaluation of the Influence of the Construction of the Gate and the Influence of the Piston Velocity on the Distribution of Gases into the Volume of the Casting

Distribution of gasses to the cast volume and volume of pores can be maintained within the acceptable limits by means of correct setting of technological parameters of casting and by selection of suitable structure and gating system arrangement. The main idea of this paper solves the issue of suitability of die casting adjustment—i.e., change of technological parameters or change of structural solution of the gating system—with regards to inner soundness of casts produced in die casting process. Parameters which were compared included height of a gate and velocity of a piston. The melt velocity in the gate was used as a correlating factor between the gate height and piston velocity. The evaluated parameter was gas entrapment in the cast at the end of the filling phase of die casting cycle and at the same time percentage of porosity in the samples taken from the main runner. On the basis of the performed experiments it was proved that the change of technological parameters, particularly of pressing velocity of the piston, directly influences distribution of gasses to the cast volume.     

Weighing the QT Intervals with the Slope or the Amplitude of the T Wave

Objective: The reproducibility of QT interval measurements is low, even for the mean QT interval based on the standard ECG. In this study we analyzed whether the reproducibility of the mean weighed QT interval was better than the simple mean QT interval. The weighing was based on the amplitude of the T wave or the slope of the steepest tangent on the terminal part of the T wave. Material and methods: 12‐lead ECGs of 130 postmyocardial infarction patients were obtained. The QT intervals were measured by the tangent‐method on two occasions by the same observer Mismatch QT intervals were defined as QT intervals that were measured at only one occasion. Sixteen ECGs were rejected. The data were split into 34 and 80 ECGs for optimization and validation of the weighing, respectively. The weighed QT dispersion was calculated as the weighed mean of the three longest minus the weighed mean of the three shortest QT intervals. Results: Weighing with the slope increased the reproducibility by 41% (P = 3 10^‐6), but weighing with the amplitude reduced it by 20% (P = 0.02). However, if measurements with errors above 75 ms were rejected, weighing with the slope or the amplitude increased the reproducibility with 26% and 20% (P = 0.02), respectively. Weighing did not change the reproducibility of the weighed QT dispersion. Conclusion: Weighing with the slope improved the reproducibility of the mean weighed QT interval. However, if measurements with errors above 75 ms were rejected, weighing with the amplitude also increased the reproducibility. Weighing did not change the reproducibility of the weighed QT dispersion. Weighing is particularly efficient at reducing the negative impact of mismatch QT intervals on the reproducibility. A.N.E. 2002;7(1):4–9     

县级以下综合医疗机构医务人员对现代结控知识的认识现状调查

目的本文旨在了解医务人员现代结控知识掌握的现状及培训效果?方法于培训前后进行问卷调查,内容包括:病例发现?结核病诊断及化疗?结果培训前疫情报告和转诊,回答正确者占75.2%?71.7%;对临床表现?查痰和诊断依据,回答正确者占83.5%?42.5%?40.8%;抗痨药物?用药方法?化疗原则?短化方案?短化疗程?治愈标准六项,回答正确者占58%?14.4%?20.8%?9.2%?17%?24.3%?培训后再次调查发现,90%以上医务人员对现代结控基本知识已掌握?结论各级医务人员现代结控知识是很贫乏的,因此,对其进行系统培训是极为必要的,此项工作省时?省力?投入少,可收到事半功倍的效果。     

大骨节病病区水,粮实验对动物的骨和软骨中化学元素组成的影响

用质子激发 X 线荧光分析方法(PIXE)测定了大骨节病病区和非病区的水、粮以及用该水粮喂养的大白鼠的肋软骨和硬骨中22种化学元素的含量。结果发现水粮中存在差异的元素反应在用该水粮喂养的大白鼠的骨、软骨中也存在差异,含量都低的元素有 P、Mn、Cu、As、Zn。都高的有铅。其中锌低在水、粮、硬骨和软骨中都完全一致呈非常显著性差异(p<0.01)。提示病区水、粮中化学元素对骨质的影响不是单一元素缺乏或过多所致,而是多种元素的复合因素。     

Assessment of the Soft-Tissue Seal at the Interface between the Base of the Fixed Denture Pontic and the Oral Mucosa

Fixed dentures (bridges) are often selected as a treatment option for a defective prosthesis. In this study, we assess the contact condition between the base of the pontic and oral mucosa, and examine the effect of prosthetic preparation and material biocompatibility. The molars were removed and replaced with experimental implants with a free-end type bridge superstructure after one week. In Experiment 1, we assessed different types of prosthetic pre-treatment: (1) the untreated control group (Con: mucosa recovering from the tooth extraction); (2) the laser irradiation group (Las: mucosa recovering after the damage caused by a CO₂ laser); and (3) the tooth extraction group (Ext: mucosa recovering immediately after the teeth extraction). In Experiment 2, five materials (titanium, zirconia, porcelain, gold-platinum alloy, and self-curing resin) were placed at the base of the bridge pontic. Four weeks after the placement of the bridge, the mucosa adjacent to the pontic base was histologically analyzed. In Experiment 1, the Con and Las groups exhibited no formation of an epithelial sealing structure on the pontic base. In the Ext group, adherent epithelium was observed. In Experiment 2, the sealing properties at the pontic interface were superior for titanium and the zirconia compared with those made of porcelain or gold-platinum alloy. In the resin group, a clear delay in epithelial healing was observed.     

高胆红素血症对肿瘤标志物测定的影响探讨

目的探讨高胆红素血症对Ca19-9、Ca24-2和CEA检测的影响.方法对320例胆管、胆囊良恶性疾病病人,15例胆囊炎病人的胆汁和血清以及10例肝硬化、10例黄疸肝炎病人进行Ca19-9、Ca24-2和CEA检测.结果在良性胆管、胆囊疾病中,Ca19-9的假阳性最高;在胆红素增高的良性疾病中,Ca19-9假阳性率达46.7%;15例胆汁和血清以及10例肝硬化和10例黄疸肝炎病人中,Ca19-9的假阳性率分别为93%、20%、80%和80%.结论高胆红素血症对Ca19-9检测影响最明显,胆囊、胆管良恶性疾病鉴别时,以Ca24-2和CEA检测为佳.     

Echocardiography in the Emergency Department: From the Perspective of the Emergency Physician and the Cardiologist

Echocardiography performed in the emergency department must adapt to this new setting for noninvasive diagnostic testing. Emergency physicians require echocardiography to provide rapid diagnosis in life-threatening emergencies. New initiatives are being proposed by emergency physicians in the delivery of this test. Cardiologists now use echocardiography in the emergency-department to make the diagnosis of heart disease earlier and with greater accuracy.     

Tracing the protectors path from the germ line to the genome

One of the basic principles that nature uses in evolution is to recycle successful concepts and create new functions by modifying existing units. This conservatism in evolution has resulted in an astonishingly high sequence identity of genes, even between evolutionarily distant species such as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and Homo sapiens. The recycling of successful concepts in conjunction with gene duplication events has also led to the existence of highly homologous proteins within the genome of many species. Often, these homologous proteins show similar, yet distinct functions that, in combination with their individual tissue distribution, define their specific physiological role. One prominent example is the p53 protein family, which consists of p53, p63, and p73. Recent advances in understanding the specific biological functions of these members have shed some light onto the evolution of this crucial protein family, from a germ line-specific quality-control factor to a somatic tumor suppressor. Furthermore, structures of the oligomerization domains of the mammalian paralogs, p53 and p73, and invertebrate orthologs, CEP-1 and DMP53, have delineated evolutionary changes and revealed that the oligomerization domain of p53 lacks additional stabilizing structural elements present in all other p53 family members. This suggests that p53 is the most recent evolutionary member of this protein family and predicts a mechanism for p53 activation.