血管活性肠肽对急性坏死性胰腺炎大鼠肠黏膜屏障功能的影响

目的 探讨血管活性肠肽(VIP)对ANP大鼠肠黏膜损伤的影响.方法 54只SD大鼠随机分成假手术组(SO)、ANP组和VIP组,每组分制模后1 h、6 h、12 h 3个时间点,各6只.采用4%牛磺胆酸钠胰胆管逆行注射制备ANP模型,VIP组在制模后5 min腹腔内注射VIP 5 nmol.ELISA法检测血浆及肠组织匀浆VIP水平;MB-80微生物快速动态检测系统检测血浆内毒素水平;RT-PCR法检测肠黏膜组织TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10 mRNA表达;肠黏膜行病理学检查.结果 ANP组肠黏膜结构损害明显,VIP组病变减轻.ANP组血浆及肠黏膜VIP水平在制模后6 h分别为(49.582 ±3.735)pg/ml和(87.731 ±4.601)pg/g pro,均显著低于SO组(P＜0.05),制模后12 h分别为(65.192±5.785)pg/ml和(110.978 ±6.420)pg/g pro,高于SO组;ANP组制模后6 h血浆内毒素水平、肠黏膜TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10mRNA表达量分别为(29.570±5.127)pg/ml、0.861±0.081、1.150±0.187和0.786±0.102,均显著高于SO组(P＜0.05).VIP组制模后6 h血浆内毒素水平、肠黏膜TNF-α、IL-6 mRNA表达分别为(20.486 ±2.811)pg/ml、0.707 ±0.095和0.889 ±0.136,均较ANP组下降(P＜0.05);IL-10 mRNA表达为0.992 ±0.126,较ANP组增高(P＜0.05).结论 VIP对ANP大鼠肠黏膜损伤具有明显的保护作用.     

血管活性肠肽对重症急性胰腺炎肠屏障保护作用的实验研究

目的 探讨血管活性肠肽(VIP)对重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)大鼠肠屏障的保护作用及其机制.方法 54只SD大鼠随机分成3组:假手术组(SO)、SAP组和VIP干预组,采用微泵逆行胰胆管注射4%牛磺胆酸钠制备SAP动物模型,SAP制模后5 min腹腔注射VIP 5×10-9nmol作为VIP干预组.各组在制模后1 h、6 h、12 h检测血浆内毒素水平,逆转录(RT)-PCR法及免疫组化法检测肠黏膜Toll样受体4(TLR4)表达,并对肠黏膜组织行电镜检查.结果 与SO组相比,SAP组血浆内毒素和肠黏膜TLR4表达在制模1 h即开始增高,并随制模时间的延长而进行性增高.两者具有明显的相关性.电镜检查肠黏膜有明显的病理损伤.VIP干预组与SAP组同时点相比,血浆内毒素和肠黏膜TLR4表达降低,病理损伤减轻,制模后6 h尤为明显.SO组肠黏膜未见TLR4表达.结论 VIP能有效保护SAP肠屏障功能,其机制可能与下调肠黏膜TLR4的表达有关.     

血管活性肠肽与结肠癌

血管活性肠肽与结肠癌高峰张胜本张连阳第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所普外科四川省重庆市６３００４２ＳｕｂｊｅｃｔｈｅａｄｉｎｇｓＶａｓｏａｃｔｉｖｅｉｎｔｅｓｔｉｎａｌｐｅｐｔｉｄｅＲｅｃｅｐｔｏｒｓ，ｖａｓｏａｃｔｉｖｅｉｎｔｅｓｔｉｎａｌ...     

血管活性肠肽与肿瘤

血管活性肠肽（VIP）是一种广泛分布全身，具有多种生物学作用的脑肠肽。现已知许多肿瘤细胞上存在VIP受体。VIP对肿瘤细胞的生长或分化有调节作用，其机制可能与细胞内cAMP的增加或与细胞内多胺产生系统的激发有关。某些肿瘤细胞可能存在VIP的自分泌调节。     

血管活性肠肽与消化系肿瘤

血管活性肠肽(VIP)对消化系肿瘤细胞的增殖、分化有调节作用。在胃癌、结肠癌、胰腺癌细胞膜上存在特异性VIP受体;VIP对它们的增殖、分化调节有促进或抑制效应。这与VIP作用于受体后引起细胞内cAMP水平、ODC活性、c-myc基因表达改变有关。     

血管活性肠肽与呼吸系统

血管活性肠肽是一个具有扩张血管，舒张支气管、增加心肌收缩力等种生物学功能的神经多肽，它在肺部的含量仅于胃肠道。本概述了ＶＩＰ的内过程，呼吸系统分布、呼吸系统作用和与呼吸系统疾病的关系。     

血管活性肠肽与消化系肿瘤

血管活性肠肽对消化系肿瘤细胞的增殖、分化有调节作用，在胃癌、结肠癌、胰腺癌细胞膜上存在特异性ＶＩＰ受体，ＶＩＰ对它们的增殖，分化调节有促进或抑制效应，这与ＶＩＰ作用于受体后引起细胞内ｃＡＭＰ水平，ＯＤＣ活性，ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因表达改变有关。     

一氧化氮和肠血管活性肽对幽门功能的调节及其在胆汁返流中的作用

目的：既往的研究表明幽门括约肌的收缩与舒张受胆碱能神经,肾上腺素能神经,多肽能神经和ＮＯＳ神经的调节。本研究探讨幽门松驰与胆汁返流的关系及肠血管活性肽（ＶＩＰ）和一氧化氮（ＮＯ）对幽门松弛的影响。方法：通过胃镜检查把幽门功能分为３组;幽门松弛组,幽门运动组,幽门闭合组。     

大鼠肠黏膜肥大细胞生长抑素和血管活性肠肽受体mRNA的表达

背景：已知胃肠多肽生长抑素(SST)和血管活性肠肽(VIP)可调节肠黏膜肥大细胞(IMMC)的生物学活性。多数胃肠多肽对IMMC活性的调节作用可能与其受体途径有关。目的：探讨大鼠IMMC上是否有SST受体(SSTR)和VIP受体(VIPR)mRNA表达，确定SST和VIP调节IMMC活性的分子机制。方法：采用胶原酶消化法分离大鼠小肠IMMC，Percoll不连续密度梯度离心法纯化，逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)观察IMMC上SSTR-1、SSTR-3和VIPR-1、VIPR-2mRNA的表达。结果：大鼠IMMC上有SSTR-1和VIPR-2 mRNA表达，其电泳条带分别位于1183bp和494bp，但无SSTR-3和VIPR-1mRNA表达。结论：大鼠IMMC可表达SSTR-1和VIPR-2基因，SST和VIP对IMMC活性的调节作用可能是通过其相应受体SSTR-1和VIPR-2途径实现的。     

Effects of intravenous vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on gallbladder function in the cat.

The influence of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on the concentrating mechanism and the motility in the feline gallbladder has been studied in vivo. A perfusion technique made possible a simultaneous study of the motility and of the net transport of water and electrolytes across the gallbladder wall. It was found that an intravenous infusion of VIP relaxes the gallbladder and induces a net fluid secretion into its lumen. The net absorption of chloride ions was markedly reduced, whereas the net transport of sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate was reversed from an absorption into a secretion. Owing to the presence of VIP-containing nerve fibers in the gallbladder wall, a physiological significance for the secretory gallbladder response to VIP is suggested.     

Effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide on plasma prolactin in passerines

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a potent releaser of prolactin (PRL) in domestic fowl, turkey, and ring doves. However, few comparative studies have investigated this in wild species. We tested the effects of intravenously administered chicken VIP on plasma PRL concentrations in four passerine species: the white-crowned sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii), the dark-eyed junco (Junco hyemalis), the Florida scrub-jay (Aphelocoma coerulescens), and the western scrub-jay (A. californica). In the white-crowned sparrow, junco, and Florida scrub-jay, which were tested during the breeding season, VIP induced a rapid increase in plasma PRL. Serial plasma samples taken after VIP injection in the white-crowned sparrow show a 10-fold increase in PRL within 2 min of treatment, followed by a gradual decline. Effects of VIP, as compared to saline, remained significant for at least 20 min after treatment. Western scrub-jays did not respond to intravenous VIP with a significant rise in PRL secretion, possibly because they were tested after termination of the breeding season. This study indicates that VIP control of PRL release may be widespread among avian species, and that seasonal changes in plasma PRL may be mediated in part at the level of the pituitary. In addition, analysis of the control data revealed no increase in plasma PRL as a result of injection or restraint, suggesting that unlike in mammals, PRL is not released during acute stress in passerines.     

Role of gut microbiota on intestinal barrier function in acute pancreatitis

Acute pancreatitis(AP) is a common gastrointestinal disorder. Approximately15%-20% of patients develop severe AP. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome may be caused by the massive release of inflammatory cytokines in the early stage of severe AP,followed by intestinal dysfunction and pancreatic necrosis in the later stage. A study showed that 59% of AP patients had associated intestinal barrier injury,with increased intestinal mucosal permeability, leading to intestinal bacterial translocation, pancreatic tissue necrosis and infection, and the occurrence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. However, the real effect of the gut microbiota and its metabolites on intestinal barrier function in AP remains unclear. This review summarizes the alterations in the intestinal flora and its metabolites during AP development and progression to unveil the mechanism of gut failure in AP.     

Muscarinic modulation of the vasodilatory effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide at the rat thyroid gland

In the thyroid gland, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and acetylcholine (ACh) are found in nerve fibers associated with secretory cells and blood vessels. We have, therefore, initiated studies to explore the actions of and interactions between cholinergic agents and VIP in the regulation of thyroid vascular conductance (VC). Thyroid and other organ blood flows were measured using radiolabelled (141Ce) microspheres injected directly into the left cardiac ventricle of anesthetized male rats. The mean systemic arterial pressure was monitored and used in the calculation of organ VC (blood flow/arterial pressure). Plasma TSH, T3, and T4 levels before and after infusions were measured by RIA. The acute administration of ACh (3 x 10(-8) mol/100 g BW) over 4 min increased thyroid VC, whereas nicotine (10(-7) mol/100 g BW) had no such effect. Circulating TSH and thyroid-hormone levels following ACh or nicotine were not different from those in vehicle-treated animals at 20 min or 2 h after infusion. This observation suggested that ACh acts through muscarinic receptors at the thyroid gland to increase VC. In order to extend these observations and to evaluate whether VIP might exert any of its thyroidal effects on VC via muscarinic receptors, we assessed the effects of ACh, methacholine chloride (MCC), and VIP in the presence and absence of the muscarinic receptor blocker atropine. Rats were treated intravenously with saline or atropine (3 mg/kg) 20 min before intravenous infusions of vehicle, ACh (3 x 10(-8) mol/100 g BW), MCC (5 x 10(-9) mol/100 g BW), or VIP (10(-11) mol/100 g BW).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

血管活性肠肽对神经细胞脂褐素影响的实验研究

采用小鼠神经母细胞癌细胞无血清培养建立神经细胞老化实验研究模型。以显微荧光分光光度术测定的细胞内脂褐素自发荧光值为神经细胞老化指标，观察血管活性肠肽（ＶＩＰ）对实验性神经细胞内脂褐素荧光值的影响。结果发现：ＶＩＰ作用５ｄ可显著升高细胞内的脂褐素荧光值（Ｐ＜０．０１）．提示ＶＩＰ可加速实验性神经细胞的老化过程。     

Dopaminergic modulation of adenylate cyclase stimulation by vasoactive intestinal peptide in anterior pituitary.

The activation of adenylate cyclase [ATP pyrophosphate-lyase (cyclizing), EC 4.6.1.1] by vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) was used as a model to investigate the molecular mechanisms triggered by the occupancy of dopamine recognition sites in rat anterior pituitary. Dopamine failed to change the basal enzyme activity, but it inhibited the stimulation of adenylate cyclase elicited by VIP. Apomorphine, 2-amino-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, and 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine mimicked the effect of dopamine, whereas (-)-sulpiride and and classical neuroleptics antagonized it. Dopamine failed to modulate the activation of pituitary adenylate cyclase by prostaglandin E1, which does not increase prolactin secretion. From these results we infer that stimulation of D-2 (dopamine) receptors may affect pituitary secretion by inhibiting the activation of anterior pituitary adenylate cyclase by VIP or other secretagogues.     

姜黄素对肠道屏障的作用及机制

姜黄素是一种从姜科植物的根茎中提取而得的橙黄色多酚类化学物质,是中药姜黄、郁金等的主要有效成分,被广泛用于食品添加、化妆品、染料等。近些年大量研究表明姜黄素还存在较高的医疗价值,具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗凋亡、抗纤维化、免疫调节等作用,可用于多种疾病[1],已逐渐成为国内外的一个研究热点。