羟基磷灰石/二氧化锆复合材料颗粒对骨髓间充质干细胞增殖及成骨分化的影响

目的 采用分子生物学方法评价羟基磷灰石/二氧化锆(HA/ZrO2)复合材料颗粒对兔骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)增殖及成骨分化的影响.方法 按不同比例将纳米HA粉体与纳米ZrO2粉体混合在高温下烧结制备HA/ZrO2复合材料颗粒,分离和培养兔MSCs.MTT法检测复合材料颗粒悬液对兔MSCs增殖促进作用,ALP法测定碱性磷酸酶活性,RT-PCR检测细胞Ⅰ型胶原(collagen Ⅰ),骨钙蛋白(osteocalcin),骨桥蛋白(osteopontin)mRNA表达.结果 HA和含有HA的复合材料颗粒均对细胞增殖有一定促进作用.Vonkossa染色显示复合材料和纯HA颗粒可使细胞阳染程度降低.细胞在HA和含有HA的复合材料颗粒的成骨诱导培养液中的ALP活性均显著高于常规培养基质及纯ZrO2组(P＜0.05).RT-PCR结果显示复合材料颗粒能够促进collagen Ⅰ和osteocalcin基因的表达.结论 HA/ZrO2复合材料颗粒可促进骨髓间充质干细胞增殖及成骨分化.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the effect of the HA/ZrO2 composite particle on proliferation and osteogenesis of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by using molecular biology methods.Methods The HA/ZrO2 composite particles were sintered at high temperature using the powder of HA and ZrO2 with different proportions.MSCs were isolated from rabbits and cultured.The effect of the composite particles on promoting cell proliferation of rabbit MSCs was detected using MTT method.Alkaline phosphatase activities were measured with ALP method.RT-PCR method was applied to measure the expression of collagen Ⅰ , osteocalcin and osteopontin mRNA.Results Pure HA pauicles and composite particles which contain HA promoted MSCs proliferation.Vonkossa staining showed that both pure HA particks and composite particles decreased the degree of positive stain of MSCs.ALP test showed that cell activity in the culture medium that contained pure HA particles or composite particles was significantly higher than that in the conventional culture medium and that contained pure ZrO2 particles (P ＜ 0.05＝.RT-PCR results showed that composite particles promoted the expression of collagen Ⅰ and osteocalcin gene.Conclusion The HA/ZrO2 composite particles promote proliferation and osteogenesis of MSCs.     

羟基磷灰石/二氧化锆复合材料颗粒对骨髓间充质干细胞增殖及成骨分化的影响

Objective To evaluate the effect of the HA/ZrO2 composite particle on proliferation and osteogenesis of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by using molecular biology methods.Methods The HA/ZrO2 composite particles were sintered at high temperature using the powder of HA and ZrO2 with different proportions.MSCs were isolated from rabbits and cultured.The effect of the composite particles on promoting cell proliferation of rabbit MSCs was detected using MTT method.Alkaline phosphatase activities were measured with ALP method.RT-PCR method was applied to measure the expression of collagen Ⅰ , osteocalcin and osteopontin mRNA.Results Pure HA pauicles and composite particles which contain HA promoted MSCs proliferation.Vonkossa staining showed that both pure HA particks and composite particles decreased the degree of positive stain of MSCs.ALP test showed that cell activity in the culture medium that contained pure HA particles or composite particles was significantly higher than that in the conventional culture medium and that contained pure ZrO2 particles (P ＜ 0.05＝.RT-PCR results showed that composite particles promoted the expression of collagen Ⅰ and osteocalcin gene.Conclusion The HA/ZrO2 composite particles promote proliferation and osteogenesis of MSCs.     

羟基磷灰石/二氧化锆复合材料颗粒对骨髓间充质干细胞增殖及成骨分化的影响

Objective To evaluate the effect of the HA/ZrO2 composite particle on proliferation and osteogenesis of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by using molecular biology methods.Methods The HA/ZrO2 composite particles were sintered at high temperature using the powder of HA and ZrO2 with different proportions.MSCs were isolated from rabbits and cultured.The effect of the composite particles on promoting cell proliferation of rabbit MSCs was detected using MTT method.Alkaline phosphatase activities were measured with ALP method.RT-PCR method was applied to measure the expression of collagen Ⅰ , osteocalcin and osteopontin mRNA.Results Pure HA pauicles and composite particles which contain HA promoted MSCs proliferation.Vonkossa staining showed that both pure HA particks and composite particles decreased the degree of positive stain of MSCs.ALP test showed that cell activity in the culture medium that contained pure HA particles or composite particles was significantly higher than that in the conventional culture medium and that contained pure ZrO2 particles (P ＜ 0.05＝.RT-PCR results showed that composite particles promoted the expression of collagen Ⅰ and osteocalcin gene.Conclusion The HA/ZrO2 composite particles promote proliferation and osteogenesis of MSCs.     

补肾中药对骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的作用研究

骨髓间充质干细胞作为骨损伤后,骨修复、重建的种子细胞,越来越成为骨组织工程学中的研究热点。骨修复、重建的关键核心是如何能够提高骨髓间充质干细胞的高效增殖和成骨定向分化。以"肾藏精,主骨,生髓"的中医理论为依据,同时实验和临床也证实,补肾中药可以有效地促进骨髓间充质干细胞增殖、以及定向成骨分化。为骨损伤之后的修复和重建提供新的治疗途径。笔者就近年补肾中药促进骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的研究作一综述。     

羟基红花黄色素A对激素诱导骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的影响

目的：观察羟基红花黄色素A（HSYA）对激素诱导兔骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）内成骨标志物碱性磷酸酶、Cbfαl及Ⅰ型胶原表达的影响,探讨其防治激素性股骨头缺血性坏死的作用机制。方法：健康成年新西兰大白兔15只,体重0.9～1.3 kg,腹腔注射麻醉后,无菌条件下作胫骨和髂前上棘骨髓腔穿刺抽取骨髓血,分离出BMSCs,体外培养并传代,取第3代生长状态良好的BMSCs随机分为空白组,模型组及羟基红花黄色素A低、中、高剂量组。模型组用大剂量地塞米松诱导BMSCs成脂分化,抑制其成骨分化;羟基红花黄色素A低、中、高剂量组加入地塞米松作用的同时给予羟基红花黄色素A干预;空白组无特殊处理。1周后检测各组细胞内成骨标志物碱性磷酸酶活性、Cbfαl及Ⅰ型胶原 mRNA的表达。结果：模型组兔BMSCs内碱性磷酸酶活性较空白组明显下降（P<0.01）,Cbfαl及Ⅰ型胶原 mRNA的表达也明显降低（P<0.01）,而HSYA各组较模型组均有明显升高（P<0.05或P<0.01）.结论：羟基红花黄色素A治疗激素性股骨头缺血坏死的机制可能与对抗激素诱导下的BMSCs成骨分化减少有关。     

促肾上腺皮质激素对小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的影响

目的:观察促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)对小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(D1细胞系)成骨分化的影响。方法:将D1细胞分成6组,对照组、对照组+低浓度ACTH组、对照组+高浓度ACTH组、成骨组、成骨组+低浓度ACTH组、成骨组+高浓度ACTH组;各组孵育细胞6 d后通过茜素红染色法评价成骨分化;分别孵育细胞1、3、6 d后,采用...     

线粒体对间充质干细胞成骨分化功能的研究

间充质干细胞成骨分化能力异常减弱和成骨细胞数量异常下降都会导致生物体内骨代谢紊乱,诱导骨质疏松症的发生。线粒体在MSC多能性保持和成骨分化过程中具有十分重要的作用,通过能量代谢、抗氧化途径、代谢相关信号通路、线粒体生物发生、线粒体动力学和线粒体自噬等参与间充质干细胞成骨分化的调控,形成了复杂的调节网络。本文综述了MSC成骨分化中线粒体的重要功能和作用,以及部分通过调节线粒体功能发挥抗骨质疏松治疗的药物,为进一步探讨间充质干细胞成骨分化功能失调的机制提供新的思路,为临床治疗骨质疏松症提供新的靶点。     

生物力学信号对骨髓间充质干细胞体内外成骨分化的影响

具有多向分化潜能的骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSC)已成为组织工程学种子细胞的重要来源,用以促进受损组织的修复。以往大量研究表明BMSC所处生物化学微环境对其分化具有重要的调节作用,进一步研究表明除细胞因子等生物化学信号外,生物力学信号也可影响BMSC的分化.这方面的研究已日益引起关注。为模拟组织体内受力情况,对生物力学的研究主要包括流体剪切力、流体静压力、压应力、张应力、冲击波等。该文着眼于生物力学信号对BMSC成骨方向分化的影响,简要介绍几种研究较多的生物力概念和模型,并对近年各种力学作用影响BMSC体内外成骨分化的研究进展作一综述。     

骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的研究与进展

超临界大面积或大段骨缺损仍是临床面临的难题,研究者们致力于研发人工骨材料,但为了解决人工骨材料成骨效应不良的问题,人们越来越关注骨髓间充质干细胞在骨组织工程中的应用。本综述以骨髓间充质干细胞、成骨分化、成骨细胞、临床应用"Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,osteogenesis differentiation,osteoblasts cell,clinical application"为检索词,应用计算机搜索CNKI数据库、万方数据库、维普数据库、PUBMED数据库,全面归纳总结骨髓间充质干细胞的分离培养、骨髓间充质干细胞鉴定方法、成骨诱导方法、成骨分化鉴定及其在临床中的应用,为证实其作为种子细胞治疗骨组织疾病提供理论依据。学者们初步研究了骨髓间充质干细胞结合移植、组织工程等技术来治疗骨和软骨缺损、骨关节炎、股骨头坏死等疾病,均取得了较好的临床疗效。但是骨髓间充质干细胞会有一定的优缺点,其临床试验及远期疗效的验证还需进一步深入研究。     

大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞复合n-HA/PLA支架异位成骨的实验研究

[目的]研究大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)复合纳米羟基磷灰石/聚乳酸(n-HA/PLA)支架材料体内异位成骨情况.[方法]取SD大鼠股骨胫骨骨髓,进行贴壁培养BMSCs,将第3代BMSCs接种到n-HA/PLA支架材料上,加入成骨诱导液,3d后置人大鼠体内,设为实验组;将单纯支架材料置入组为对照组.4、8、12周时取材进行大体和组织学观察.[结果]8、12周时实验组可见类骨质成分形成,并且支架材料维持置入时形状,对照组无类骨质形成.[结论]BMSCs复合n-HA/PLA构建组织工程骨有很好的异位成骨能力,且能在体内维持良好塑型.     

钽涂层对骨髓间充质干细胞的黏附增殖及成骨分化的影响

目的探讨钽涂层金属在体外促进大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)黏附、增殖及成骨分化方面的作用。方法在体外取6只6周龄SD大鼠BMSCs进行原代培养至第3代,使用化学气相沉积系统自行制备钽涂层金属。然后进行流式细胞术鉴定、BMSCs三向诱导、荧光染色、细胞增殖检测及实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应技术(Q-PCR)试验。观察比较BMSCs在钛合金圆片(Ti6Al4V组)和钽金属圆片(Ta组)表面黏附的BMSCs数量、增殖速率、成骨细胞特异性转录因子(OSX)、Runt相关转录因子2(RUNX2)、骨粘连蛋白(OSN)和骨桥蛋白(OPN)的表达情况。结果流式细胞术结果显示CD44(94.55%)、CD90(95.01%)、CD34(0.06%)。诱导成骨分化14 d后碱性磷酸酶(ALP)染色阳性;诱导成骨分化21 d后出现茜素红钙化结节;成脂诱导21 d后油红O染色呈阳性;成软骨诱导21 d后阿利新蓝染色评估有软骨形成能力。激光共聚焦显微镜结果显示BMSCs在Ti6Al4V组和Ta组金属圆片表面贴附生长,细胞间互相接触、聚集成片,Ta组金属圆片上黏附的BMSCs数量明显多于Ti6Al4V组,并且具有更好的延展性能。细胞增殖检测结果发现,分别共培养1、3、5、7 d后Ta组BMSCs的增殖速率明显快于Ti6Al4V组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Q-PCR结果发现,与Ti6Al4V组相比,体外培养7 d后Ta组金属圆片更能促进OSN和OPN的表达,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);体外共培养21 d后,Ta组金属圆片更能促进OSX、RUNX2、OSN和OPN的表达,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论相比于传统的骨科植入物钛合金而言,钽涂层金属能够更好地促进BMSCs的黏附,增殖和成骨分化。     

低频振动对小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化及相关基因表达的影响

目的 观察低频振动对小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞（bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, BMSCs）成骨分化的影响。方法 取3周龄C57BL/6小鼠,分离及培养其BMSCs。将细胞分为两组,对照组及低频振动组,两组均诱导BMSCs进行成骨分化,低频振动组在诱导过程中实施低频振动干预（15 Hz,垂直加速度0.3 g）,对照组不进行干预,分别于第7天、第14天收获细胞,将第7天的细胞进行碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase, ALP）染色,将第14天的细胞进行茜素红染色;并利用Real-time PCR检测相关基因表达。结果 低频振动组细胞第7天的ALP活性明显高于对照组,且在14 d形成的钙结节多于对照组;所检测基因中,低频振动组细胞Ⅰ型胶原蛋白、骨桥蛋白、骨钙素、骨保护素基因的表达均高于对照组,而破骨细胞分化因子（receptor activator of NF-κB ligand, RANKL）较对照组低。结论 低频振动可以促进BMSCs的成骨分化,并调节成骨细胞分泌的细胞因子,影响破骨细胞的生成。     

促进脂肪来源间充质干细胞成骨分化的诱导方法研究进展

脂肪来源间充质干细胞(ASCs)是一种多能成体干细胞,因安全、含量丰富、易于获取等优点而有望成为理想的骨组织工程(BTE)种子细胞。然而,相较于骨髓间充质干细胞,ASCs的成骨分化能力有限,往往需要进一步诱导。该文从优化支架、添加生物活性因子或促成骨药物、非编码RNA调控和物理刺激几个方面,对促进ASCs成骨分化的诱导方法的研究进展进行综述,以期为BTE研究提供参考。     

不同年龄人骨髓间充质干细胞体外增殖及成骨分化的研究

目的 :观测年龄对人骨髓间充质干细胞 (humanmesenchymalstemcells ,hMSCs)体外增殖、成骨分化的影响。方法 :使用密度梯度离心法分离不同年龄人骨髓MSCs进行培养 ,保留贴壁细胞传代 ,观察细胞生长情况 ,检测其增殖活性、碱性磷酸酶活性 (ALP)、诱导后骨钙素定量测定。结果 :低龄hMSCs较高龄hMSCs体外生长快、MTT、ALP及骨钙素浓度高。结论 :hMSCs的增殖和成骨分化的能力和活性随着年龄的增加而降低。     

Decreased osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and reduced bone mineral density in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Generalized low bone mass and osteopenia in both axial and peripheral skeletons have been reported in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, the mechanism and causes of bone loss in AIS have not been identified. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation abilities of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and bone mass in 19 patients with AIS and compared these with those of 16 age- and gender-matched patients with lower leg fracture. Mean lumbar spinal bone mineral density (LSBMD) in AIS patients was found to be lower than in controls (P = 0.037) and the osteogenic differentiation abilities and alkaline phosphatase activities of MSCs from patients were also found to be lower than those of controls (P = 0.0073 and P = 0.001, respectively), but the abilities of the MSCs of patients and controls to undergo adipogenic differentiation were similar. The osteogenic differentiation ability was found to be positively correlated with alkaline phosphatase activity in the AIS group. However, the osteogenic and adipogenic abilities were not found to be correlated with LSBMD in either patients or controls. These findings suggest that the decreased osteogenic differentiation ability of MSCs might be one of the possible mechanisms leading to low bone mass in AIS. However, we did not determine definite mechanisms of low bone mass in AIS. Therefore, further study with large scale will be needed to identify the mechanism involved.     

脐血间充质干细胞的培养鉴定及成骨诱导后的免疫原性研究

目的通过观察体外培养人脐血间充质干细胞(Umbilical cord blood-mesenchymal stem cells,UCB-MSCs)并作诱导成骨分化,探讨其作为组织工程的骨种子细胞的可行性。方法体外分离培养UCB-MSCs,流式细胞仪检测细胞表面抗原的表达及其变化规律;体外成骨诱导UCB-MSCs2周,采用Alizarin Red染色和钙离子半定量测定的方法评价细胞成骨活性。取P2代UCB-MSCs细胞,流式细胞仪检测加入IFN-γ前后的HLA-Ι、HLA-Ⅱ、CD40、CD80等分子的表达情况;流式细胞仪检测UCB-MSCs在成骨诱导分化前后HLA-Ι类分子、HLA-Ⅱ类分子的表达情况以观察成骨诱导分化的MSCs免疫抗原性的变化。结果第1、3、5代细胞的CD29、CD105和CD166均呈阳性表达,而造血细胞系的表面标记CD31、CD34和CD45则呈低表达,且随传代次数增加含量逐渐下降。UCB-MSCs成骨诱导2周后,Alizarin Red染色为阳性。对照组则无明显钙盐沉积。钙离子半定量的检测结果则表明,UCB-MSCs成骨诱导2周后的钙离子含量远高于未诱导组。流式细胞检测结果显示,人UCB-MSCs高表达HLA-Ι类分子,不表达HLA-Ⅱ类分子和CD40,CD80等共刺激分子;经IFN-γ刺激诱导后,HLA-Ι类分子的表达未发生改变,HLA-Ⅱ类分子呈阳性表达,而CD40和CD80的表达仍为阴性。人UCB-MSCs在成骨诱导分化前后HLA-Ι类分子均为阳性表达;而HLA-Ⅱ类分子在成骨分化前为阴性,诱导后阳性表达率增高。结论①UCB-MSCs能诱导分化为成骨细胞,有望成为较理想的组织工程骨种子细胞;②成骨分化使UCB-MSCs的免疫原性发生相应变化。     

诱导hBMSCs成骨分化中微小RNA和靶基因表达水平的变化

目的明确萎缩性骨不连组织中表达上调的数种微小RNA(micro RNA,miRNA)与其相应靶基因mRNA、蛋白在hBMSCs成骨分化过程中的表达变化趋势和生物学功能。方法取自体髂骨植骨手术患者的髂骨骨髓血,采用密度梯度离心法分离培养hBMSCs。取第4代hBMSCs以成骨诱导培养液诱导成骨分化,分别提取0、12 h,1、2、4、7、14 d时的细胞总RNA和蛋白,进行miRNA的实时定量PCR(quantitative real-time PCR,qRT-PCR)、相应靶基因mRNA的qRT-PCR和蛋白Western blot检测。结果诱导hBMSCs成骨分化时,成骨性靶基因碱性磷酸酶(alkalinephosphatase liver/bone/kidney,ALPL)、PDGF-α多肽(PDGF-αpolypeptide,PDGF-A)和BMP-2的mRNA和蛋白表达在多数时间点同对照(0 h)相比增加(BMP-2在12 h和1 d时下降),1～7 d变化最为显著。不同时间点的miRNA、靶基因mRNA和蛋白表达水平存在差异,其中hsa-miRNA-149*和hsa-miRNA-654-5p miRNA含量的变化趋势与各自靶基因ALPL和BMP-2的mRNA及蛋白表达水平总体上成负相关(P<0.05),hsa-miRNA-221与其靶基因PDGF-A的变化趋势无明显负相关关系(P>0.05)。结论诱导hBMSCs成骨分化过程中,hsa-miRNA-149*和hsa-miRNA-654-5p对其相应靶基因ALPL和BMP-2的mRNA及蛋白存在密切调控关系。