肠道微生态影响动脉粥样硬化发生发展的机制

动脉粥样硬化(AS)不仅是一种炎症性疾病,而且属于一种代谢性疾病。肠道微生态的改变可对AS的发生发展产生双面影响。一方面,肠道菌群紊乱可以通过影响机体的胆碱代谢、氧化应激、炎症反应等机制直接促进AS产生发展,此外,可通过导致AS危险因素肥胖、高脂血症、糖尿病等的产生这些间接机制促AS的进展。另一方面,益生菌及益生元的增加则可有效地降低肠道微生物内毒素产生、增强肠道屏障、减轻机体质量、缓解炎症反应、改善胰岛素抵抗,进而在AS的进展方面发挥重要作用。因此,合理调控机体肠道微生态环境成为AS防治的新型重要手段。     

Endoscopic and surgical resection of T1a/T1b esophageal neoplasms: A systematic review

AIM: To investigate potential therapeutic recommendations for endoscopic and surgical resection of T1a/ T1b esophageal neoplasms. METHODS: A thorough search of electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, Pubmed and Cochrane Library, from 1997 up to January 2011 was performed. An analysis was carried out, pooling the effects of outcomes of 4241 patients enrolled in 80 retrospective studies. For comparisons across studies, each reporting on only one endoscopic method, we used a random effects meta-regression of the log-odds of the outcome of treatment in each study. "Neural networks" as a data mining technique was employed in order to establish a prediction model of lymph node status in superficial submucosal esophageal carcinoma. Another data mining technique, the "feature selection and root cause analysis", was used to identify the most impor-tant predictors of local recurrence and metachronous cancer development in endoscopically resected patients, and lymph node positivity in squamous carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ADC) separately in surgically resected patients. RESULTS: Endoscopically resected patients: Low grade dysplasia was observed in 4% of patients, high grade dysplasia in 14.6%, carcinoma in situ in 19%, mucosal cancer in 54%, and submucosal cancer in 16% of patients. There were no significant differences between endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for the following parameters: complications, patients submitted to surgery, positive margins, lymph node positivity, local recurrence and metachronous cancer. With regard to piecemeal resection, ESD performed better since the number of cases was significantly less [coefficient: -7.709438, 95%CI: (-11.03803, -4.380844), P < 0.001]; hence local recurrence rates were significantly lower [coefficient: -4.033528, 95%CI: (-6.151498, -1.915559),P < 0.01]. A higher rate of esophageal stenosis was observed following ESD [coefficient: 7.322266, 95%CI: (3.810146, 10.83439), P < 0.001]. A significantly greater number of SCC pa     

Endoscopic tools for the diagnosis and evaluation of celiac disease

Celiac disease(CD)is an autoimmune disease of the small bowel induced by ingestion of wheat,rye and barley.Current guidelines indicate histological analysis on at least four duodenal biopsies as the only way to diagnose CD.These indications are based on the conception of the inability of standard endoscopy to make diagnosis of CD and/or to drive biopsy sampling.Over the last years,technology development of endoscopic devices has greatly ameliorated the accuracy of macroscopic evaluation of duodenal villous pattern,increasing the diagnostic power of endoscopy of CD.The aim of this paper is to review the new endoscopic tools and procedures proved to be useful in the diagnosis of CD,such as chromoendoscopy,Fujinon Intelligent Chromo Endoscopy,Narrow Band Imaging,Optical Coherence Tomography,Water-Immersion Technique,confocal laser endomicroscopy,high-resolution magnification endoscopy,capsule endoscopy and I-Scan technology.     

PNPLA3 I148M polymorphism and progressive liver disease

The 148 Isoleucine to Methionine protein variant(I148M)of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3(PNPLA3),a protein is expressed in the liver and is involved in lipid metabolism,has recently been identified as a major determinant of liver fat content.Several studies confirmed that the I148M variant predisposes towards the full spectrum of liver damage associated with fatty liver:from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis and progressive fibrosis.Furthermore,the I148M variant represents a major determinant of progression of alcohol related steatohepatitis to cirrhosis,and to influence fibrogenesis and related clinical outcomes in chronic hepatitis C virus hepatitis,and possibly chronic hepatitis B virus hepatitis,hereditary hemochromatosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis.All in all,studies suggest that the I148M polymorphism may represent a general modifier of fibrogenesis in liver diseases.Remarkably,the effect of the I148M variant on fibrosis was independent of that on hepatic steatosis and inflammation,suggesting that it may affect both the quantity and quality of hepatic lipids and the biology of non-parenchymal liver cells besides hepatocytes,directly promoting fibrogenesis.Therefore,PNPLA3 is a key player in liver disease progression.Assessment of the I148M polymorphism will possibly inform clinical practice in the future,whereas the determination of the effect of the 148M variant will reveal mechanisms involved in hepatic fibrogenesis.     

Endoscopic resection techniques for colorectal neoplasia:Current developments

Endoscopic polypectomy and endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR) are the established treatment standards for colorectal polyps. Current research aims at the reduction of both complication and recurrence rates as well as on shortening procedure times. Cold snare resection is the emerging standard for the treatment of smaller(< 5 mm) polyps and is possibly also suitable for the removal of noncancerous polyps up to 9 mm. The method avoids thermal damage, has reduced procedure times and probably also a lower risk for delayed bleeding. On the other end of the treatment spectrum, endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)offers en bloc resection of larger flat or sessile lesions. The technique has obvious advantages in the treatment of high-grade dysplasia and early cancer. Due to its minimal recurrence rate, it may also be an alternative to fractionated EMR of larger flat or sessile lesions. However, ESD is technically demanding and burdened by longer procedure times and higher costs. It should therefore be restricted to lesions suspicious for high-grade dysplasia or early invasive cancer.The latest addition to endoscopic resection techniques is endoscopic fullthickness resection with specifically developed devices for flexible endoscopy.This method is very useful for the treatment of smaller difficult-to-resect lesions,e.g., recurrence with scar formation after previous endoscopic resections.     

Lymph node staging in colorectal cancer:Old controversies and recent advances

Outcome prediction based on tumor stage reflected by the American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)/Union for International Cancer Control(UICC)tumor node metastasis(TNM)system is currently regarded as the strongest prognostic parameter for patients with colorectal cancer.For affected patients,the indication for adjuvant therapy is mainly guided by the presence of regional lymph node metastasis.In addition to the extent of surgical lymph node removal and the thoroughness of the pathologist in dissecting the resection specimen,several parameters that are related to the pathological work-up of the dissected nodes may affect the clinical significance of lymph node staging.These include changing definitions of lymph nodes,involved lymph nodes,and tumor deposits in different editions of the AJCC/UICC TNM system as well as the minimum number of nodes to be dissected.Methods to increase the lymph node yield in the fatty tissue include methylene blue injection and acetone compression.Outcome prediction based on the lymph node ratio,defined as the number of positive lymph nodes divided by the total number of retrieved nodes,may be superior to the absolute numbers of involved nodes.Extracapsular invasion has been identified as additional prognostic factor.Adding step sectioning and immunohistochemistry to the pathological work-up may result in higher accuracy of histological diagnosis.The clinical value of more recent technical advances,such as sentinel lymph node biopsy and molecular analysis of lymph nodes tissue still remains to be defined.     

Neoadjuvant radiotherapy for rectal cancer management

Thirty per cent of all colorectal tumours develop in the rectum.The location of the rectum within the bony pelvis and its proximity to vital structures presents significant therapeutic challenges when considering neoadjuvant options and surgical interventions.Most patients with early rectal cancer can be adequately managed by surgery alone.However,a significant proportion of patients with rectal cancer present with locally advanced disease and will potentially benefit from down staging prior to surgery.Neoadjuvant therapy involves a variety of options including radiotherapy,chemotherapy used alone or in combination.Neoadjuvant radiotherapy in rectal cancer has been shown to be effective in reducing tumour burden in advance of curative surgery.The gold standard surgical rectal cancer management aims to achieve surgical removal of the tumour and all draining lymph nodes,within an intact mesorectal package,in order to minimise local recurrence.It is critically important that all rectal cancer cases are discussed at a multidisciplinary meeting represented by all relevant specialties.Pre-operative staging including CT thorax,abdomen,pelvis to assess for distal disease and magnetic resonance imaging to assess local involvement is essential.Staging radiology and MDT discussion are integral in identifying patients who require neoadjuvant radiotherapy.While Neoadjuvant radiotherapy is potentially beneficial it may also result in morbidity and thus should be reserved for those patients who are at a high risk of local failure,which includes patients with nodal involvement,extramural venous invasion and threatened circumferential margin.The aim of this review is to discuss the role of neoadjuvant radiotherapy in the management of rectal cancer.     

Role of endoscopic ultrasound in the screening and follow-up of high-risk individuals for familial pancreatic cancer

Managing familial pancreatic cancer(FPC)is challenging for gastroenterologists,surgeons and oncologists.High-risk individuals(HRI)for pancreatic cancer(PC)(FPC or with germline mutations)are a heterogeneous group of subjects with a theoretical lifetime cumulative risk of PC over 5%.Screening is mainly based on annual magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and endoscopic ultrasound(EUS).The goal of screening is to identify early-stage operable cancers or high-risk precancerous lesions(pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia or intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms with high-grade dysplasia).In the literature,target lesions are identified in 2%-5%of HRI who undergo screening.EUS appears to provide better identification of small solid lesions(0%-46%of HRI)and chronicpancreatitis-like parenchymal changes(14%-77%of HRI),while MRI is probably the best modality to identify small cystic lesions(13%-49%of HRI).There are no specific studies in HRI on the use of contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS.EUS can also be used to obtain tissue samples.Nevertheless,there is still limited evidence on the accuracy of imaging procedures used for screening or agreement on which patients to treat.The cost-effectiveness of screening is also unclear.Certain new EUS-related techniques,such as searching for DNA abnormalities or protein markers in pancreatic fluid,appear to be promising.     

Prophecy about post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis:From divination to science

One unresolved issue of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)is post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP),which occurs in up to 40%of patients.Identification of risk factors for PEP is especially important in the field of ERCP practice because it may assist physicians in taking protective measures in situations with high risk.A decade ago,Freeman et al meticulously evaluated a large number of potentially relevant risk factors for PEP,which can be divided into patient-relat-ed and procedure-related issues.In this commentary, we summarize this classic article and reevaluate the risk factors for PEP from the current point of view.This is followed by assessment of strategies for prevention of PEP that can be divided into mechanical and pharmacologic methods.     

Issues and controversies in esophageal inlet patch

The proximal esophagus is rarely examined,and its inspection is often inadequate.Optical chromoendoscopy techniques such as narrow band imaging improve the detection rate of inlet patches in the proximal esophagus,a region in which their prevalence is likely underestimated.Various studies have reported correlations between these esophageal marks with different issues such as Barrett’s esophagus,but these findings remain controversial.Conflicting reports complicate the process of interpreting the clinical features of esophageal inlet patches and underestimate their importance.Unfortunately,the limited clinical data and statistical analyses make reaching any conclusions difficult.It is hypothesized that inlet patches are correlated with various esophageal and extraesophageal symptoms,diagnoses and the personalized therapeutic management of patients with inlet patches as well as the differential diagnosis for premalignant lesions or early cancers.Due to its potential underdiagnosis,there are no consensus guidelines for the management and follow up of inlet patches.This review focuses on questions that were raised from published literature on esophageal inlet patches in adults.     

胃肠起搏辅助抑酸药物治疗胃食管反流病疗效观察

目的 研究胃肠起搏辅助抑酸药物治疗胃食管反流病的疗效.方法 将研究对象随机分为三组,A组24例给予埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片口服并辅助胃肠起搏器治疗,B组26例给予埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片及多潘立酮片口服,C组25例给予埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片口服,比较三组疗效及不同疗法对复发时间的影响.结果 治疗1周时,症状积分改善A组>B组>C组(P均<0.05);2周时,A组和B组差异无统计学意义,但均较C组改善更为显著;A组首次复发时间平均为(58.28±28.43)d,较B组(35.14±12.78)d和c组(19.85±7.86)d明显延长(P<0.05),B组较C组也有明显延长(P<0.05).结论 胃肠起搏辅助埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片比埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片联合多潘立酮片及单用埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片更显著地改善胃食管反流病患者的症状,且其症状缓解后的首次复发时间延长,作用持久,没有明显副作用.     

埃索美拉唑联合莫沙必利治疗重度反流性食管炎的疗效观察

目的探讨埃索美拉唑联合莫沙必利治疗重度反流性食管炎的临床疗效。方法将90例经内镜证实为Ⅱ、Ⅲ级反流性食管炎患者随机分为埃索美拉唑联合莫沙必利组（A组）、奥美拉唑联合莫沙必利组（B组）和埃索美拉唑组（C组）,三组分别口服埃索美拉唑20 mg,2次/d,莫沙必利5 mg,3次/d;口服奥美拉唑20 mg,2次/d,莫沙必利5 mg,3次/d;以及口服埃索美拉唑20 mg,2次/d治疗,疗程8周,停药后复查胃镜,观察治愈率,并记录症状改善情况及不良反应。结果治疗8周后A、B、C三组症状改善总有效率分别为96.88%、75.00%、70.00%;胃镜下有效率分别为93.75%、71.43%、66.67%,A组与其他两组比较均有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论埃索美拉唑联合莫沙必利治疗重度反流性食管炎有较高的治愈率和症状改善率,临床疗效明显优于奥美拉唑联合莫沙必利及单独应用埃索美拉唑治疗。     

探索异甘草酸镁治疗ALT升高慢性肝炎安全、有效剂量的多中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂平行对照临床研究

目的探索不同剂量异甘草酸镁注射液治疗ALT升高的慢性肝病的临床疗效和安全性。方法多中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂平行对照的试验设计,180例患者按1∶1∶1比例随机进入安慰剂对照组（A组）、异甘草酸镁100mg/d剂量组（B组）和200mg/d剂量组（C组）。A组：空白异甘草酸镁注射液加入到10%葡萄糖注射液250ml中静脉滴注,1次/d;B组：异甘草酸镁注射液100mg加入到10%葡萄糖注射液250ml中静脉滴注,1次/d;C组：异甘草酸镁注射液200mg加入到10%葡萄糖注射液250ml中静脉滴注,1次/d。疗程为4周。治疗前、治疗后每周分别观察ALT;治疗前、治疗第2周、4周分别观察其他肝功能。结果165例患者按方案完成研究,A组56例,B组53例,C组56例。从治疗1周起至疗程结束,B组和C组均较A组能更显著地降低ALT水平（P均〈0.05）。至第4周,B组、C组ALT复常率和总有效率分别为60.71%和83.93%、82.46%和96.49%,B组和C组的总有效率均显著分别高于A组（P值均〈0.05）,C组的总有效率显著高于B组（P=0.0255）。仅B组1例发生不良反应,三组不良反应发生率无显著差异（P〉0.05）。结论100mg/d和200mg/d剂量的异甘草酸镁可以安全、有效地治疗ALT升高慢性肝炎。     

40 mg pantoprazole and 40 mg esomeprazole are equivalent in the healing of esophageal lesions and relief from gastroesophageal reflux disease-related symptoms

BACKGROUND: Proton pump inhibitors are regarded as the most effective class of acid suppressive medication for gastroesophageal reflux disease treatment. There is considerable interest regarding the dose equivalence between various proton pump inhibitors. GOALS: To compare the efficacy of pantoprazole and esomeprazole with regard to healing and relief from gastroesophageal reflux disease-related symptoms. STUDY: Multicenter, randomized, double-blind study. Patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease grades B/C (Los Angeles classification) received 40 mg pantoprazole daily (n = 113) or 40 mg esomeprazole daily (n = 114). Healing (endoscopy) and relief from gastroesophageal reflux disease-related symptoms (direct questioning) were assessed at first and final visit (after 4, 6, 8, or 10 weeks of treatment). RESULTS: Overall healing in both treatment groups was 88% of patients (intention-to-treat population), 95% (pantoprazole), and 90% (esomeprazole) (per-protocol population); statistically, this indicates "at least equivalence" between treatments. Overall relief from gastroesophageal reflux disease-related symptoms was similar for pantoprazole (55%) and esomeprazole (51%, per-protoco). No correlation between healing and symptom relief was seen. The majority of reported adverse events were assessed as "not related" to the study drug. Pantoprazole and esomeprazole have comparably good safety and tolerability. CONCLUSION: In patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, 40 mg pantoprazole daily and 40 mg esomeprazole daily are equally effective for healing of esophageal lesions and relieving gastroesophageal reflux disease-related symptoms.     

Efficacy and safety of esomeprazole compared with omeprazole in GERD patients with erosive esophagitis: a randomized controlled trial

OBJECTIVE: In patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), esomeprazole, the S-isomer of omeprazole, has demonstrated pharmacological and clinical benefits beyond those seen with the racemic parent compound. This study was designed to further evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of esomeprazole relative to that of omeprazole in healing erosive esophagitis and resolving accompanying symptoms of GERD. METHODS: Esomeprazole 40 mg was compared with omeprazole 20 mg once daily in 2425 patients with erosive esophagitis (Helicobacter pylori negative by serology) in an 8-wk, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study conducted in 163 centers throughout the US. The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients with healed esophagitis at wk 8. Secondary endpoints were the proportion of patients healed at wk 4, resolution of heartburn at wk 4, time to first resolution and sustained resolution of heartburn, and proportion of heartburn-free days and nights. Safety and tolerability were also assessed. RESULTS: Significantly more patients were healed with esomeprazole versus omeprazole at wk 8 (93.7% vs 84.2%, p < 0.001; life table estimates, intention-to-treat analysis). Healing rates at wk 4 were 81.7% and 68.7%, respectively. Esomeprazole was superior to omeprazole for all secondary measures and had a similar safety profile. The most common adverse events in both treatment groups were headache, diarrhea, and nausea. CONCLUSIONS: Esomeprazole demonstrates significantly greater efficacy than omeprazole in the treatment of GERD patients with erosive esophagitis. The tolerability and safety of esomeprazole are comparable to that of omeprazole. (Am     

四联疗法联合中医药对幽门螺杆菌的补救治疗

目的 对进行过根除幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)治疗而失败的患者,应用含铋剂、质子泵抑制剂的四联疗法和中医药联合补救治疗并观察根除疗效.方法 120例H.pylori阳性患者随机分成两组,每组60例;对照组应用埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片20 mg,枸橼酸铋钾胶囊(商品名丽珠得乐)0.6g(相当于铋0.22 g),阿莫西林(珠海联邦制药股份有限公司)1000 mg,呋喃唑酮(商品名痢特灵,上海利生制药厂生产)100 mg,2次/d,共7d;而治疗组除应用对照组药物外,同时服用中药14 d,观察上腹痛、反酸、饱胀感、嗳气等症状缓解情况,并在补救治疗结束1个月后复查胃黏膜快速尿素酶试验和组织学染色或查14C-尿素呼气试验,观察其根除率.结果治疗组58例完成治疗,其中53例H.pylori转阴,根除率按意图治疗(ITT)和试验方案(PP)分析分别为88.33％ (53/60)和91.38％(53/58),对照组55例完成治疗,其中48例转阴,根除率按意图治疗(ITT)和试验方案(PP)分析分别为80.00％(48/60)和87.27％(48/55),两组间比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).治疗后两组症状缓解率分别为94.83％(治疗组)和83.64％(对照组),两组间比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论 对H.pylori根除治疗失败的患者,应用四联疗法和中医药联合补救疗法不仅能获得较高的H.pylori根除率,对临床症状的改善也有良好作用,且副反应较小,值得临床推广.     

Gastric acid control with esomeprazole, lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, and rabeprazole: a five-way crossover study

OBJECTIVES: Proton pump inhibitors owe their clinical efficacy to their ability to suppress gastric acid production. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare intragastric pH following standard doses of esomeprazole, lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole and rabeprazole. METHODS: This randomized, open-label, comparative five-way crossover study evaluated the 24-h intragastric pH profile of oral esomeprazole 40 mg, lansoprazole 30 mg, omeprazole 20 mg, pantoprazole 40 mg, and rabeprazole 20 mg once daily in 34 Helicobacter pylori-negative patients aged 18-60 yr with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Patients were randomly assigned to one of five treatment sequences and study drug was taken on 5 consecutive mornings 30 minutes prior to a standardized breakfast. A washout period of at least 10 days separated each treatment phase. RESULTS: Thirty-four patients provided evaluable data for all five comparators. The mean number of hours of evaluable pH data was > or =23.75 hours. On day 5, intragastric pH was maintained above 4.0 for a mean of 14.0 h with esomeprazole, 12.1 h with rabeprazole, 11.8 h with omeprazole, 11.5 h with lansoprazole, and 10.1 h with pantoprazole (p < or = 0.001 for differences between esomeprazole and all other comparators). Esomeprazole also provided a significantly higher percentage of patients with an intragastric pH greater than 4.0 for more than 12 h relative to the other proton pump inhibitors (p < 0.05). The frequency of adverse events was similar between treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: Esomeprazole at the standard dose of 40 mg once daily provided more effective control of gastric acid at steady state than standard doses of lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, and rabeprazole in patients with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease.     

胃食管反流病患者的行为干预治疗

背景:胃食管反流病(GERD)为临床常见病,部分患者药物治疗效果不佳。不良生活方式和饮食习惯可影响GERD的发病,目前关于药物联合行为干预治疗GERD的研究报道尚少。目的:评估行为干预辅助治疗GERD患者胃食管反流症状的临床疗效。方法:120例GERD患者随机分为2组,研究组予埃索美拉唑20mg bid联合行为干预治疗,对照组仅予埃索美拉唑,疗程均为8周。治疗期间记录烧心、反酸、胸痛症状并分级,根据症状总体改善情况评估临床疗效。结果:研究组59例、对照组58例患者完成治疗方案。治疗8周末,研究组显效率和总有效率分别为76.3%和91.5%,对照组分别为58.6%和77.6%,组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:埃索美拉唑联合行为干预对GERD患者的胃食管反流症状有明显疗效。     

异甘草酸镁治疗ALT升高的慢性肝病的多中心、随机、双盲、多剂量、阳性药物平行对照临床研究

目的 通过与阳性药物复方甘草酸苷比较,观察异甘草酸镁注射液治疗ALT升高的慢性肝病的临床疗效和安全性. 方法多中心,随机、双盲、多剂量、阳性药物平行对照的试验设计,480例患者随机进入异甘草酸镁100 mg/d剂量组(A组,180例)、150 mg/d剂量组(B组,180例)和阳性药复方甘草酸苷对照组(C组,120例).试验A组:异甘草酸镁注射液100nag加入到10%葡萄糖注射液250ml中静脉滴注,1次/d;试验B组:异甘草酸镁注射液150mg加入到1%葡萄糖注射液250ml中静脉滴注,1次/d;对照组:复方甘草酸苷注射液120 mg加入到10%葡萄糖注射液250ml中静脉滴注,1次/d.疗程为4周,停药2周后随访.治疗前,治疗第2周、第4周和停药后2周观察症状、体征及ALT,AST变化情况;治疗前、治疗第4周观察其他肝功能指标.采用t检验分析计量资料,Fisher确切概率法分析计数资料,Wilcoxon秩和检验分析等级资料.组内疗效指标比较采用非参数的符号秩和检验方法,组间疗效指标比较采用中心效应的方差分析法或CMH方法.结果 412例患者按方案完成研究,其中A组152例,B组160例,C组100例.治疗2周和4周后,三组患者ALT、AST水平均明显下降(P值均<0.05);治疗2周时的ALT下降幅度,B组明显大于C组(P<0.01),治疗4周时ALT下降幅度三组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).治疗4周后,A,B、C组ALT改善的总有效率分别为92.59%、91.76%、88.29%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).4周后,A、B、C组的临床总有效率和总体疗效的总有效率分别为90.41%、89.86%、86.46%和72.22%,73.53%、68.47%,三组间差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05).停药后,三组患者均无明显反跳.三组患者的不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 异甘草酸镁注射液可以安全、有效地治疗ALT升高的慢性肝病.     

联合应用埃索美拉唑、铝碳酸镁和莫沙比利治疗难治性胃食管反流病

目的:探讨联合应用埃索美拉唑、铝碳酸镁和莫沙比利治疗难治性胃食管反流病(r-GERD)的临床疗效.方法:101例rGERD患者随机为A(n=36),B(n=34)和C组(n=31),分别采用埃索美拉唑 铝碳酸镁 莫沙比利、埃索美拉唑 莫沙比利及铝碳酸镁 莫沙比利治疗.4及8 wk后评价临床症状,8 wk后评价内镜下有效率.结果:治疗4 wk后,A,B和C组临床症状总改善率分别为88.9%,79.4%和61.3%,A组与B,C两组相比差异显著(χ2=7.3531,P＜0.05).治疗8 wk后,A,B和C组临床症状总改善率分别为97.2%,88.2%和71.0%,内镜下有效率分别为94.4%,85.3%和67.7%,A组临床症状总改善率和内镜下有效率与B,C组相比存在显著性差异(χ2=9.6079,P＜0.01;χ2=8.6496,P＜0.05).结论:埃索美拉唑联合铝碳酸镁和莫沙比利治疗rGERD有很高的临床疗效.