原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤的生物学行为与术后复发的关系

目的 探讨原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤的生物学行为与肿瘤术后复发的相关性.方法 回顾分析37例腹膜后脂肪肉瘤的生物学行为.结果 组织学分型、亚型转化、手术方式、周围组织器官浸润对原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤术后复发有影响(P<0.05).结论 低度恶性的组织学分型、肿瘤无亚型转化、完整和彻底地切除肿瘤、周围组织脏器无浸润的原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤术后复发率低.原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤术后发生亚型转化后,肿瘤的分化程度降低,恶性度升高,完整和彻底切除率降低,周围脏器的侵袭力增强.     

原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤术后复发的多因素分析

目的探讨原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤术后复发的影响因素以减少复发。方法回顾分析10年手术治疗31例原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤患者的临床资料,通过随访了解术后5年复发情况,以与术后复发有关的因素为变量组单因素及多因素非条件性回归分析。结果 5年复发率为48.39%（15/31）,单因素分析及多因素分析均显示手术方式、组织学亚型、肿瘤体积和是否外侵对原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤术后复发均有影响（P〈0.05）。结论手术方式、组织学亚型、是否外侵和肿瘤体积与原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤患者的术后复发相关。     

腹膜后脂肪肉瘤的生物学特性及其诊断和治疗

目的 探讨腹膜后脂肪肉瘤生物学行为及诊断与治疗的有关问题。方法 回顾性分析1970—2005年中国医科大学附属第一医院收治的32例（共接受手术43例次）原发及复发腹膜后脂肪肉瘤病人的临床和病理资料。结果 该病主要临床表现是腹胀、腹部包块进行性增大。复发病例较原发病例生物学行为差，肿瘤侵袭力强，组织学亚型恶性程度高，手术完全切除率低。多次复发者复发间期逐渐缩短。难治性大出血是术后主要且致命的并发症。结论 腹膜后脂肪肉瘤术后易复发，很少转移，手术切除是最有效的治疗手段。完全切除者复发间期长，控制术中出血是减少术后死亡的关键。放、化疗对腹膜后脂肪肉瘤的作用有限。     

原发性腹膜后肉瘤的外科治疗

目的　探讨原发性腹膜后肉瘤的外科治疗方法。方法　回顾性分析 1992年 1月～ 2 0 0 0年 12月收治的 63例原发性腹膜后肉瘤 (脂肪肉瘤和平滑肌肉瘤 )的治疗效果、预后因素等临床资料。结果　肿瘤全切除率为 88.2 % ,其中联合脏器切除为 2 1.6% ,无围手术期死亡。脂肪肉瘤的术后平均生存时间 3 6.5个月 ,平滑肌肉瘤为 2 7.6个月。高分化肿瘤术后平均生存时间 3 7.4个月 ,中低分化肿瘤仅 18.1个月 (P <0 .0 1)。 3 2例作再次手术 ,其中肿瘤完全切除率为 62 .5 % (2 0 /3 2 ) ,术后平均生存时间为 19.8个月 ,其中 2 8.1%术后病理类型发生变化。结论　手术切除整个肿瘤及侵及的周围脏器是治疗的最佳手段 ,对局部复发的肿瘤争取再次手术 ,肿瘤的分化程度及能否完整切除肿瘤是影响预后的主要因素。     

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目的 探讨原发性腹膜后及肠系膜脂肪肉瘤的外科治疗方法。方法 回顾性分析1993～2001年收治的18例原发性腹膜后及肠系膜脂肪肉瘤病人经手术治疗27例次的临床资料。结果 脂肪肉瘤占同期经手术探查的原发性腹膜后及肠系膜实体瘤的31．6％(18／57)；临床表现主要为进行性增大的腹部包块与消化道症状：病理类型以高分化型多见(13／18)；首诊后16例获得临床根治性切除，6例复发性脂肪肉瘤病人，共接受15次手术；全组合并单侧肾切除6例，部分结肠切除4例，部分空肠切除和胃大部切除各1例；肠系膜脂肪肉瘤手术多采用完整切除术(8／10)。结论 手术切除是目前唯一有效的治疗方法，必要时可行联合脏器切除术，但不应强求根治；为改善生存质量、延长生存期，对多发肿瘤不能完整切除者应积极实施姑息性减瘤术，多次复发者有条件可多次手术；采用完整切除术、尽量避免肠切除治疗对多发性及复发性肠系膜脂肪肉瘤具有重要临床价值。     

c-myc、MDM2及p53基因在原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤中c-myc、MDM2及p53基因蛋白表达及三者与肿瘤发生、发展的关系。方法:应用免疫组化PV-6000两步法对原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤及脂肪瘤组织中c-myc、MDM2及p53基因蛋白的表达进行检测,并进行统计学分析。结果:c-myc、MDM2及p53蛋白在原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤中表达阳性率分别为58.3%(28/48)、64.6%(31/48)、50.0%(24/48),三种蛋白在脂肪肉瘤与脂肪瘤组织中的阳性率差异有显著性(P0.05)。三种蛋白均与患者的年龄、性别及肿瘤大小无相关性。不同类型脂肪肉瘤分化较好者阳性率明显低于分化较差者。原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤中c-myc、MDM2及p53蛋白表达呈正相关(P0.05),c-myc、MDM2及p53蛋白表达在原发者与复发者之间的差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:c-myc、MDM2及p53蛋白与原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤的形成、分化及恶性程度有关,它们可作为判断原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤分化程度及恶性程度参考指标之一,但与肿瘤复发无关。在脂肪肉瘤的发生、发展中三者可能起协同作用。     

原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤的临床特点探究

探讨原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤的临床特点,为临床诊治提供参考。选取2014年1月—2018年12月于我院就诊的原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤患者52例,收集整理临床资料,回顾性分析临床特点。52例患者首次手术肉眼肿瘤完整切除41例(78.85%),部分切除5例(9.61%),术中单纯活检6例(11.54%)。首次手术联合脏器切除34例(65.38%),联合多脏器切除23例(44.23%)。多脏器切除主要集中左侧后腹膜脏器,切除肿瘤最大长径6.5~39.8 cm,患者术中出血量在420~7000 mL。41例肉眼肿瘤完整切除患者中,10例术后病理结果显示切缘阳性。52例患者中分化型脂肪肉瘤为主,占比59.62%(31/52);病理分级主要是1级,占比57.69%(30/52);肿瘤直径<20 cm者33例,占比63.46%(33/52);肿瘤直径≥20 cm者19例,占比36.54%(19/52)。对所有患者进行随访,随访时间5~107个月,中位随访时间为56个月。术后复发时间3~95个月,中位复发时间为49个月;术后1年、2年分别复发8例、32例,复发率分别为15.38%、61.54%。复发患者大部分为男性、肿瘤直径<20 cm。术后发生转移5例(9.62%),分别为2例肝转移、3例肺转移。结果显示,肿瘤复发时间与患者性别、肿瘤分级、肿瘤类型无关(P>0.05),与患者肿瘤最大直径有关(P<0.05)。原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤主要采用完整手术切除治疗,术后易复发,复发时间与肿瘤最大直径有关。     

腹膜后脂肪肉瘤29例的诊断和治疗

探讨原发性及复发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤（PRLS）的临床病理特征、诊疗原则及预后情况。回顾性分析2015年1月—2021年12月新疆医科大学第一附属医院消化血管外科中心收治的29例腹膜后肿瘤患者的临床资料。其中,侵犯周围器官15例（51.7%）,联合器官切除16例(55.2%)。中位手术时间235 min;中位出血量300 m L。术后病理检查结果证实脂肪肉瘤诊断,术后共12例患者出现并发症：肠梗阻4例、感染性休克1例、胸腹盆腔积液6例与低钾血症1例。以上患者经积极治疗后均痊愈出院。原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤前期诊断困难,切除难度大、术后易复发。肿瘤切除范围、肿瘤分化程度是腹膜后脂肪肉瘤术后复发的重要影响因素。     

腹膜后巨大脂肪肉瘤一例报告并文献复习

目的探讨腹膜后巨大脂肪肉瘤术后腹腔复发患者多学科诊疗模式（MDT）。 方法回顾性分析腹膜后巨大脂肪肉瘤术后腹腔复发患者1例,男,45岁,复发肿瘤大小约10 cm×9 cm的临床病例资料及其两次诊治过程及MDT讨论要点分析,复习总结国内外相关文献。 结果患者行开放腹腔多发肿物切除+胆囊切除+大网膜切除术成功切除肿瘤,术后病理为去分化型脂肪内瘤。经治疗后恢复良好出院。一个半月后复发,继续靶向药物（阿帕替尼500 mg qd）治疗。 结论腹膜后脂肪肉瘤早期诊断困难,手术难度大,MDT及结合影像学检查及临床病理学特征可作出正确诊断,充分评估早期手术治疗可获得一定疗效,但去分化型脂肪内瘤总体预后不良。     

Primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma reoperation of 36 cases

目的 探讨原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤再手术的原因、处理策略及手术要点.方法 对2000年6月至2010年6月间36例腹膜后脂肪肉瘤再手术的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤再手术的主要原因是手术切除不彻底和肿瘤的生物学特性.完全切除与不完全切除5年生存率分别为79.3％和34.5％.再手术后并发症以出血及肠瘘为主.结论 原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤再手术既有肿瘤本身原因,也与手术相关.再次手术治疗是治疗该病术后复发病例的积极手段.把握好手术时机、术中彻底切除是再手术成功的关键.     

Histologic subtype and margin of resection predict pattern of recurrence and survival for retroperitoneal liposarcoma

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of recurrence and prognostic significance of histologic subtype in a large series of patients with primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Classification of liposarcoma into subtypes, based on morphologic features and cytogenetic aberrations, is now widely accepted. Previous studies have shown that high histologic grade and incomplete gross resection are the most important prognostic factors for survival in patients with retroperitoneal sarcoma and suggest that patients with liposarcoma have a 3-fold higher risk of local recurrence compared with other histologies. METHODS: A prospective database was used to identify 177 patients with primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma treated between July 1982 and June 2002. Histology at primary presentation was reviewed by a sarcoma pathologist and subtyped into 4 distinct groups according to strict criteria. The influence of clinicopathological factors on local recurrence, distant recurrence, and disease-specific survival was analyzed. RESULTS: Of 177 patients with primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma operated on for curative intent, 99 (56%) presented with well-differentiated, 65 (37%) with dedifferentiated, 9 (5%) with myxoid, and 4 (2%) with round cell morphology. The tumor burden was determined by the sum of the maximum tumor diameters. The median tumor burden was 26 cm (5-139). Median follow-up time for 92 (52%) surviving patients was 37 (mean, 0.5-192) months. Multivariate analysis showed that dedifferentiated liposarcoma subtype was associated with a 6-fold increased risk of death compared with well-differentiated histology (P < 0.0001). In addition to histologic subtype, incomplete resection (P < 0.0001), contiguous organ resection (excluding nephrectomy; P = 0.05), and age (P = 0.03) were important independent prognostic factors for survival in retroperitoneal liposarcoma. Retroperitoneal dedifferentiated liposarcoma was associated with an 83% local recurrence rate and 30% distant recurrence rate at 3 years. CONCLUSIONS: The histologic subtype and margin of resection are prognostic for survival in primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma. Dedifferentiated histologic subtype and the need for contiguous organ resection (excluding nephrectomy) was associated with an increase risk of local and distant recurrence. Nephrectomy may be needed to achieve complete resection, but has no measurable influence on disease specific survival.     

Clinical features of multiply recurrent retroperitoneal liposarcoma: A single-center experience

BackgroundTo elucidate the clinicopathological features of multiply recurrent retroperitoneal liposarcoma referred to a tertiary center.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 40 patients with pathologically proven primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma treated between January 2015 and June 2019.ResultsThe initial pathology was well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDLS) in 23 patients, dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLS) in 15 patients, and myxoid liposarcoma in two patients. Before and after referral to our hospital, the patients underwent 142 surgeries (median number of surgeries: 3) for initial and recurrent tumors. Of these, 35 (87.5%) patients underwent surgeries for recurrent tumors. In 11 (47.8%) of the 23 patients with initial WDLS, pathological progression (PP) to DDLS was observed in recurrent tumors at the median interval of 7.8 years. In eight patients (72.7%), the PP occurred at the first recurrence. In contrast, all 15 patients with DDLS recurred as DDLS. Distant metastases developed in eight patients (34.8%) with WDLS and five patients (29.4%) with DDLS/myxoid subtype. All eight WDLS patients who developed metastasis were alive with disease at the median interval of 3.6 years, whereas four of the five patients with primary diagnosis of DDLS/myxoid subtype died at the median interval of 5.6 months from the development of metastasis. The 5-year overall survival of the patients with initial WDLS and those with DDLS/myxoid subtype were 100% and 67.4% (p = 0.0006), respectively.ConclusionsThe prognosis of the initial-WDLS patients was favorable despite multiple recurrences. In WDLS patients, if distant metastases develop, it is possible to remain alive with disease for years.     

Midterm results after treatment of liposarcoma in the extremities

PURPOSE: In this retrospective analysis, survival time, local recurrence and rate of metastasis were appraised in patients with primary liposarcoma of the extremities depending upon the applied primary and adjuvant therapy procedures. Furthermore, we compared the representativity of histological results of the biopsy with the final histology of the resected tumour. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Between 1990 and 1998, 27 patients were surgically treated who suffered from a primary liposarcoma of the extremities. At the mean follow-up time of 62.4 months (39-141 months) postoperative survival rate, rate of metastasis and local recurrence were determined. The results were analysed with regard to intraoperative resection distance, tumour size and localisation as well as histological classification of previous biopsy and finally resected tumour. The influence of radiotherapy on the results was also determined. RESULTS: In 5 patients (18.5%) the amputation and in 22 cases (81.5%) the limb sparing resection of the liposarcoma was performed. 6 patients underwent a marginal resection and one patient an intralesional resection. At follow-up we observed a local recurrence rate of 22.2% (n = 6) and a survival rate of 74.1%. 18.5% of the patients had metastases. After adjuvant radiotherapy three patients (50%) showed local recurrence after marginal resection. In only 8 cases (29.6%) the results of primary biopsy and final tumour classification (entity, subtype and grading) were identical. CONCLUSION: The development of metastases (often pulmonary) and local recurrences even after long tumour-free interval makes adequate follow-up investigations mandatory in liposarcoma patients. With regard to the problems in assessing liposarcoma biopsies, MRI-orientated biopsies from several tumour areas via one biopsy approach are recommended.     

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??Diagnosis and treatment of recurrent retroperitoneal liposarcoma: An analysis of 37 cases WU De-quan. Department of General Surgery, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
Abstract Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatments and key factors of recurrent retroperitoneal liposarcoma??RPLS??. Methods The clinical data of 37 patients with initial and recurrent RPLS admitted between 2002 and 2012 in the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University were analyzed retrospectively??Among 37 patients, there were 13 patients with 22 case-times of postoperative recurrence totally. Results Compared with initial patients, recurrent patients had the following characteristics??the worse biological behaviors??more likely to lead to clinical symptom, more obvious physical examination positive signs, stronger tumor invasive power, less complete resection and longer time of hospital stays. The interval without tumor burden turned shorter after multiple recurrences??and the survival rate become lower. Conclusion The characteristics of retroperitoneal space and variousness of tumor’s morphology are important events for recurrence of retroperitoneal liposarcoma. It is the key factor to prevent recurrence and improve prognosis by critical complete and intact resection during the initial process.     

Liposarcoma of the lower extremity

Twenty patients with primary liposarcoma of the lower extremity were treated over a 25-year period. The adequacy of the initial surgical procedure and histological grade of malignancy both influenced survival rates. In addition local recurrence was noted only in patients who had undergone "inadequate" initial excision. Inguinal lymph nodes were uninvolved by tumor in all cases. In general, patients with liposarcomas of myxoid and/or round cell type survived for long periods of time. However, even patients with myxoid lesions occasionally exhibited evidence of early blood-borne metastases. This study suggests an important relationship between an inadequate primary resection, local recurrence, and eventual retroperitoneal spread. In the majority of cases, this may have resulted from failure to control the primary distal extremity tumor, with subsequent contiguous spread of metastases into the ipsilateral retroperitoneal space. If feasible, radical soft part resection should be performed as the primary surgical therapy of these neoplasms. Tumors contiguous to the knee or ankle joint should be treated by primary amputation. Failure to control local disease may result in blood-borne dissemination or local spread along musculoaponeurotic planes to involve proximal groin or retroperitoneal space.     

Retroperitoneal tumors: a case of liposarcoma

The Authors report a case of retroperitoneal sarcoma, in the histological subtype "liposarcoma", occasionally diagnosed in a 57 year old woman, who presented aspecific symptoms, characterized by dry cough, vomiting and chest pain. Chest TC showed a neoplasm of the retroperitoneum, close to liver, right colon, duodenum and right kidney. The arteriography of the right renal artery showed a neovascolarization inside the mass. A surgical resection was performed. The histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of liposarcoma. Liposarcomas account for 30% of the retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas; symptoms and diagnosis are late and the surgical resection of primary neoplasm, metastases and local recurrences representing the only therapeutic choice.     

Atypical and malignant neoplasms showing lipomatous differentiation. A study of 111 cases

One-hundred-eleven cases of histopathologically atypical or malignant lipomatous lesions in the somatic soft tissue and retroperitoneum were studied. These consisted of 48 differentiated fatty neoplasms of the somatic soft tissues (DFT-S), 21 fatty neoplasms of the retroperitoneum (DFT-R), 33 myxoid liposarcomas from various sites and nine pleomorphic liposarcomas. DFT-S were defined as lipomatous lesions composed of mature fat and containing atypical stromal cells or lipoblasts. In the somatic soft tissues, this group included lesions that would be classified using published criteria as "atypical lipoma", "pleomorphic lipoma", "well-differentiated lipoma-like liposarcoma", and "sclerosing liposarcoma". All of the DFT-R met previously published criteria for "well differentiated liposarcoma" or "sclerosing liposarcoma". We found no consistent histologic differences between the DFT-S and DRT-R. No pure "round cell" liposarcomas were encountered although many myxoid liposarcomas had "round cell" areas. Follow-up data were available in 80 cases (72%) with a mean follow-up period of over 7 years. Among the DFT-S there were no uncontrollable recurrences, distant metastases, or tumor-related deaths. The depth of the neoplasm correlated with the tendency for local recurrence; no neoplasms primary in the subcutis recurred; 29% of the tumors recurred when they originated in the deep soft tissues or within the muscle. None of the recurrent tumors demonstrated "dedifferentiation." DFT-R had a recurrence rate of 67% and, although there were no distant metastases, nine patients (43%) died of tumor. Five retroperitoneal tumors dedifferentiated but did not metastasize. In light of this experience, we believe that the term "atypical lipoma" is warranted for the DFT-S and "well differentiated liposarcoma" is an appropriate label for the DFT-R. The overall mean survival for the 52 cases of liposarcoma (excluding DFT-S) was 13.6 years. The mean survival in "well differentiated liposarcoma" (11.25 years) was between that for myxoid liposarcoma (16.25 years) and that for pleomorphic liposarcoma (7 years). Six patients (29%) with myxoid liposarcoma developed local recurrences and 6 patients (29%) developed distant metastases and died. Metastasis was always associated with a round cell (or pleomorphic) component with increased numbers of mitotic figures in either the primary tumor or a local recurrence.     

原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤复发和预后的影响因素

目的:探讨原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤复发和预后的影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2011年6月至2020年1月郑州大学第一附属医院接受手术治疗的89例原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤患者的临床资料,男42例,女47例。中位年龄53(26~78)岁。我院首次手术治疗65例,外院术后复发再次手术治疗24例。初诊临床表现：体检发现腹膜后肿物41例,...