超声造影在肝脏局灶性病变诊断中的价值

目的比较超声造影(CEUS)与磁共振成像(CEMRI)在肝内局灶性病变(FLL)中的价值,并分析导致2种方法误诊的原因。方法回顾性分析189例肝脏局灶性病变患者共220个病灶的超声造影及增强磁共振成像(MRI)检查图像,比较2种方法诊断肝内局灶性病变的准确性。结果超声造影诊断肝内局灶性病变的准确率为89.5%,增强MRI诊断准确率为93.2%,二者比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 CEUS在诊断常见FLL有重要的价值,与增强MRI价值相当。     

超声造影在肝脏局灶性病变的临床应用

目的通过对一组常规超声发现的肝脏局灶性病变（FLL）进行超声造影,探讨超声造影对FLL的临床应用。方法对78例FLL进行实时超声造影检查,记录肝实质及病灶的增强、消退时间、增强形态及增强程度,分析病灶造影增强特点,与病理结果进行对照。结果不同性质肝局灶性病变增强类型及强度各有不同。结论实时超声造影在显示肝局灶病变内血流特点方面具有明显优势,对肝脏局灶性病变的定性诊断有重要的临床价值。     

实时超声造影鉴别肝脏局灶性病变的临床价值探讨

目的：探讨实时超声造影技术鉴别肝脏局灶性病变（FLL）良、恶性的临床价值。方法：应用超声造影剂SonoVue和飞利浦Iu22实时超声显像QLAB软件,观察52例FLL造影剂灌注过程;以动脉期病灶增强、门脉期及实质期增强消退、回声低于肝组织作为恶性FLL的诊断标准。结果：52例中有48例超声造影表观典型;有1例肝细胞肝癌误诊为良性肿瘤、1例血管瘤和2例炎性假瘤误诊为恶性肿瘤。超声造影检查的准确性为92.3%（48/52）、敏感性为90.0%（9/10）、特异性为92.9%（39/42）。结论：实时超声造影可大大提高对FLL的鉴别诊断能力。     

肝脏局灶性病变定性诊断中超声造影的应用价值

目的：通过观察不同的增强表现,评价超声造影检查在肝脏局灶性病变中的应用价值。方法：对经穿刺活检或手术病理证实的92例FLL进行实时超声造影检查,记录肝内局灶性病变的增强及消退时间、增强形态及增强程度,分析病灶造影增强特点,与病理结果进行对照。结果：不同性质肝局灶性病变增强类型及强度各有不同。结论：在肝脏局灶性病变中,超声造影可显示病变内不同的血流灌注特征,对肝脏局灶性病变的定性诊断有重要的临床应用价值。     

实时超声造影与编码相位反转技术在肝脏局灶性病变鉴别诊断中的应用

目的:探讨实时超声造影技术在肝脏局灶性病变鉴别诊断中的价值。方法:70例肝脏局灶性病变患者,先行二维与彩色多普勒超声检查,后用编码相位反转技术(CPI)与造影剂SonoVue对局灶性病变(共89个)进行实时造影检查,完全记录整个造影过程,分析造影前后的图像特点。结果:70例肝脏局灶性病变患者,其中原发性肝癌18例、转移性肝癌12例、血管瘤20例、肝局灶性结节样增生5例、非均质脂肪肝8例、肝硬化结节7例。超声造影显示不同病变具有不同的造影增强特点,而且病灶图像清晰。超声造影前30例恶性病变仅20例被明确,经造影后明确诊断达28例。结论:实时超声造影技术对肝脏局灶性病变的鉴别诊断有重要价值。     

超声造影对肝硬化增生癌变的研究

目的 通过超声造影(contrast-enhanced ultrasound,CEUS)观察肝硬化背景下局灶性病变(FLL)的灌注表现,探讨增生癌变(DN-Ca)的增强特征及诊断价值.方法 66例临床及影像学诊断为肝硬化者常规超声检查发现66灶1 cm～3 cm局灶性病变,行Sonovue实时灰阶超声造影(CEUS)检查.采用18G粗针穿刺活检,尤对同一结节内的不同增强区域分别取材行组织病理学检查.本文重点分析DN癌变超声造影表现及与肝细胞肝癌(HCC)的鉴别.结果 CEUS显示37灶整体增强,29灶部分增强.最终确诊DN癌变21灶、HCC 45灶.DN癌变21灶动脉期或门脉期表现为结节小部分区域增强,延迟期不同程度退出,结节其余部分与肝脏同步增强或延迟增强,少数23.8%(5/21)延迟期较肝脏提前退出.HCC的45灶中82.2%(37/45)动脉期或门脉期表现为整体增强,17.8%(8/45)不均匀增强,中心区呈不规则无回声;延迟期100%(45/45)退出.穿刺活检组织病理学证实21灶DN癌变动脉期增强区域为癌变区域,未增强区域为肝细胞增生;HCC37灶动脉期增强区为HCC,3灶动脉期无增强区为坏死液化,5灶轻度增强区为脂肪变性表现.结论 超声造影可灵敏反映肝硬化背景下局灶性病变病理组织学特征,从而有望对DN癌变做出早期诊断,重视超声造影下增强区域取材活检可提高确诊率.     

超声造影鉴别诊断脂肪肝背景下肝内局灶性病变的意义

目的探讨脂肪肝背景下超声造影对肝脏局灶性病变的诊断意义。方法在常规体检中发现的脂肪肝背景下的肝脏局灶性病变进行灰阶超声、彩色多普勒超声、超声造影检查,对于结果进行比较分析。结果超声造影对于脂肪肝背景下的局灶性病变诊断准确率为97.14%。结论超声造影对于脂肪肝背景下的肝脏局灶性病变具有鉴别诊断意义。对于缺少特异性表现的部分病例,需要穿刺活检加以鉴别诊断。     

超声造影对肝脏局灶性病灶的诊断价值

目的探讨超声造影(contrast enhanced ultrasound,CEUS)在肝脏局灶性病灶中的诊断价值。方法对36例患者的42个常规超声不能明确诊断的肝内局灶性病灶进行超声造影检查,检查结果与病理结果及其他影像学检查结果对照分析。结果 42个肝内占位病变中,CEUS考虑恶性病灶19个,良性病灶14个,排除肝脏占位性病变9个,其中非均质性脂肪肝6个,再生结节3个,经手术、穿刺病理或其他影像学检查证实或确诊恶性病灶18个,良性病灶15个,非肝脏占位性病变9个,CEUS正确诊断39例,超声造影定性诊断准确性为92.9%(39/42)。误诊3例:1例血管瘤误诊为胆管细胞癌、1例炎性假瘤提示可疑恶性占位、1例肝细胞中-低分化癌误诊为血管瘤,误诊率为7.1%(3/42)。结论超声造影能显示肝脏局灶性病变的血流灌注情况,提高了超声对肝局灶性占位病变定性诊断的准确性,对肝脏占位病变的诊断及鉴别诊断有重要的临床应用价值。     

超声造影在脂肪肝背景下肝脏良性局灶性病变中的应用

目的 探讨超声造影在脂肪肝背景下肝脏良性局灶性病变诊断中的应用.方法 对脂肪肝背景下的159个肝脏局灶性病变进行了超声造影检查,将超声造影检查结果 同增强CT,增强MRI及病理诊断进行对比,其中良性局灶性病变126例(血管瘤61例,局灶性脂肪缺失30例,局灶性增生结节(Focal nodular hyperplasia,FNH)19例,孤立性坏死结节10例,炎性假瘤3例,肝脓肿3例),分析良性局灶性病变的超声造影特征.结果 超声造影检查后,61例血管瘤中的48例表现为动脉期的周边高回声结节或高回声环,进而造影剂向病灶中心进展,其余13例血管瘤表现为动脉期的快速灌注.30例局灶性脂肪缺失表现为造影三期等增强.19例FNH表现为动脉期的离心性放射状增强或整体快速增强,门脉期及实质期为高回声或等回声.3例炎性假瘤均表现为动脉期快速增强,但门脉期及实质期为低回声.10例孤立性坏死结节均表现为造影三期无增强.3例肝脓肿均表现为动脉期快速增强,其中2例为蜂窝状增强,3例实质期均表现为低回声.结论 超声造影可显示脂肪肝背景上肝脏良性病灶的血流灌注特征,因此可用于脂肪肝基础上肝脏良性局灶性病变的鉴别诊断.     

超声造影对脂肪肝低脂灶诊断的应用价值

目的:探讨实时超声造影技术对脂肪肝中低脂灶诊断价值。方法:对58例脂肪肝患者中肝内65个低脂灶进行超声造影检查,实时观察病灶的增强模式。结果:常规超声44个(67.7%)病灶诊断为低脂灶,呈低回声;超声造影检查63个(96.9%)病灶诊断为低脂灶,表现为动脉期、门脉期及延迟期呈等增强;2个(3.1%)病灶诊断为良性病变,考虑为低脂灶的可能性大,动脉早期呈一过性高增强,动脉期和门脉期呈等增强。常规超声诊断低脂灶符合率为67.7%,超声造影为96.9%。结论:超声造影有助于低脂灶的诊断和鉴别诊断,是除增强CT、MRI以外的可行的诊断方法。     

探讨脂肪肝供肝在肝脏移植中的价值

目的探讨应用不同脂肪沉着程度供肝对肝移植患者预后的影响。方法选取64例进行肝移植术患者,依据供肝浸润程度,随机分为轻度脂肪肝组、中度脂肪肝组、重度脂肪肝组、无脂肪肝组共四组,每组各16例,比较四组患者肝功能(主要观察ALT、AST指标)、入住ICU的平均时间、1年移植物成活率、移植物原发无功发生率。结果轻度脂肪肝组入住ICU的平均时间、ALT和AST水平、移植物原发无功发生率与无脂肪肝组接近;中度脂肪肝组入住ICU平均时间、ALT和AST水平均较轻度组和无脂肪肝组明显增高,P0.05;重度脂肪肝组入住ICU平均时间、ALT和AST水平、移植物原发无功发生率明显较前三组为高,P0.05。结论轻、中度肝脏脂肪浸入可作为肝移植供肝,重度脂肪肝不能作为供肝的选择目标。     

Microenvironment of Liver Regeneration in Liver Cancer

The occurrence and development of liver cancer are essentially the most serious outcomes of uncontrolled liver regeneration. The progression of liver cancer is inevitably related to the abnormal microenvironment of liver regeneration. The deterioration observed in the microenvironment of liver regeneration is a necessary condition for the occurrence, development and metastasis of cancer. Therefore, the use of a technique to prevent and treat liver cancer via changes in the microenvironment of liver regeneration is a novel strategy. This strategy would be an effective way to delay, prevent or even reverse cancer occurrence, development and metastasis through an improvement in the liver regeneration microenvironment along with the integrated regulation of multiple components, targets, levels, channels and time sequences. In addition, the treatment of "tonifying Shen (Kidney) to regulate liver regeneration and repair by affecting stem cells and their microenvironment" can regulate "the dynamic imbalance between the normal liver regeneration and the abnormal liver regeneration"; this would improve the microenvironment of liver regeneration, which is also a mechanism by which liver cancer may be prevented or treated.     

Liver

Alleviation of ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat liver donors by induction of exogenous hTERT gene;Effects of surgical technique on acute renal failure after orthotopic liver transplantation in patients with end-stage liver disease at high risk： a report of 90 eases;Timing for liver transplantation for chronic severe hepatitis;Analysis of bacterial variance and drug resistance after orthotopic liver transplantation;The influence of splenectomy on orthotopic liver transplantation and its management     

Liver

<正>209461 Intraoperative ligation of recipient’s portasystemic shunt in liver transplantation/Chen Litian(,Organ Transplant Center,Tianjin 1st Centr Hosp Tianjin 300192)…∥Chin J Gen Surg.-2009,25(4).-489～491Objective To investigate the clinical significance of ligating the portasystemic shunt confirmed by preoperative CT evaluation during orthotopic liver transplantation.Methods From January 2007 to August 2008,35 patients in Tianjin First Central Hospital underwent preoperative three-dimensional CT scan,among them 23 patients had spontaneous major portasystemic shunts,the other 12 patients did not have portasystemic shunts.16 out of the 23 cases with significant shunts underwent shunt ligation based on portal blood flow volume measured by intraoperative portal vein flowmetry.The shunt of the other 7 patients were left untreated.Results The portal blood flow in the 12 patients without portasystemic shunt judged by preoperative CT scanning were(1 101±70)ml/min.The shunts in 7 patients with portal blood flow greater than 1 000 ml/min were not ligated,that of the 16 patients with portal blood flow volume lower than 1 000 ml/min were ligated.The portal blood flow volume in those 16 patients before and after ligating the shunt were(657±112)ml/min and(1 136±161)ml/min,respectively(P<0.05).Postoperatively 2 patients suffered from portal vein thrombosis,among them 1 patients suffered from intermittent disturbance of consciousness,2 patients died within 3 months,with one died of respiratory failure from pulmonary aspergillus infection,one died of hepatic failure in 2 months after operation because of graft dysfunction.The other 19 patients with normal blood flow and well-functioning graft were alive.Conclusion The ligation of portasytemic shunt is mandatory in patients when pretransplant CT evaluation showing a major porto-systemic shunts and portal blood flow volume was less than 1 000 ml/min.5 refs,2 figs.     

Liver

<正>209293 Probing into indication of living-related Liver Transplantation for Wilson’s disease/Cheng Feng(Liver Transplant Center,1st Hosp Nanjing Med Univ,Key Lab Living Donor Liver Transplant,Minist Public Health,Nangjing 210029)…∥Chin J Surg.-2009,47(6).-437~440Objective To probe into indication of living-related liver transplantation(LRLT)for Wilson’s Disease.Methods From January 2001 to February 2007,thirty-seven living-related liver transplants were performed.A retrospective analysis was carried on outcome of those patients.The indications for LRLT were acute hepatic failure in 3 patients and chronic advanced liver disease in 32 patients including 13 patients with Wilsonian neurological manifestations.Two patients presented with severe Wilsoian neurological manifestations even though their liver functions were stable.According to the scoring system for evaluation of the neurological impairment in Wilsion disease based on neurological signs and functions(total score was 30),the pre-transplantation score of those patients with neurological manifestations was 15.9±4.3(n=15).Results Thirty-seven patients were followed up for 20-93 months.The survival rates of post-transplant patients and grafts at 1,3,and 5 year were 91.9%,83.8%,75.7%,and 86.5%,78.4%,75.7%,respectivly.Postoperative surgical complications occurred in 2 donors with bile leakage required drainage,in 2 recipients with hepatic thormbosis underwent retransplantation of cadeveric liver and in 1 recipient with hepatic stenosis required balloon dilatation.Neurological function was improved in all recipients and the score of posttransplantation at 6,12,18,24,and 30 months was 17.5±3.7(n=13);21.0±4.3(n=12);23.9±3.9(n=10);26.6±2.2(n=10)and 28.1±1.9(n=7)respectively.Conclusion Patients with acute hepatic failure or patients with severe liver disease unresponsive to chelation tratment should be treated with LRLT.Early transplantation in patients with an unsatisfactory response medical tratment may prevent irreversible neurologica     

Liver

<正>209604 The suppressive effect of CD8+ CD28-regulatory T cells from spontaneous tolerance models on the acute rejection responses in rat liver transplantation/Chen Ning(陈宁,Dept Gastroenterol,Peking Univ Peop Hosp,Beijing 100044)…∥Chin J Organ Trans-plant. -2009,30(9). -524 ～526     

脂肪肝患者血清肝纤维化指标分析

目的探讨脂肪肝患者血清肝纤维化指标特点，寻找可能引起脂肪肝肝纤维化改变的相关因素。方法记录脂肪肝组和正常对照组临床资料与血清生化指标以及肝纤维化指标，分析各项指标的异常及脂肪肝组肝纤维化指标及其他指标的相关关系。结果脂肪肝组和正常对照组血清生化指标和肝纤维化指标之间的比较：脂肪肝患者组血清FPG、TG、Tc、ALT、HA、LN、PCⅢ、CIV、CG与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。血清肝纤维化指标HA与年龄（≥50岁）、酗酒、男性、CG增高、ALT增高、高血压病有线性回归关系；血清肝纤维化指标LN与酗酒、肥胖、糖尿病有线性回归关系；血清肝纤维化指标CIV与高脂血症，ALT增高有线性回归关系；血清肝纤维化指标PcⅢ与年龄（I〉50岁）、高脂血症、高血压病有线性回归关系。结论通过多元线性回归分析显示：男性，年龄≥50岁，酗酒，肥胖，伴发高血压病、高脂血症、糖尿病，出现CG增高，ALT增高，可能是促进脂肪肝发生肝纤维化的危险因素。     

Liver

<正>209087 Clinical analysis of outcome of invasive fungal infection after kidney transplantation/Chen Guodong(陈国栋,Dept Transplant Surg,1st Hosp,Sun Yat sen Univ, Guangzhou 510080)…∥Chin J Organ Transplant. -2009, 30(10). -616～619 Objective To explore the outcome of invasive fungal infection in kidney transplantation and the influencing factors.     

Liver

Prevention and treatment of artery complication after liver transplantation by HBO , Clincal feature of cytomegabvirus pneumonia in orthtopic liver-transplantation and treatments, Risk factors of diabetes mellitus following orthotopic liver transplantation , Re-infection of hepatitis B virus after liver transplantation , Diagnosis and treatment of fungal infection after orthotopic liver transplantation , Two successful adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation using dual grafts     

化肝汤1号治疗酒精性肝纤维化症状及肝功能改变

目的观察活血化瘀、软坚散结药配伍治疗肝纤维化时对患者主、次症状改变及肝功能的影响。方法将确诊为酒精性肝纤维化患者90例,随机分为三组,治疗组采用自制方剂化肝汤1号(醋鳖甲、黄芩、柴胡、赤芍等),对照组1采用凯西莱治疗,对照组2采用化肝汤1号和凯西莱联合治疗,疗程3个月。观察三组患者治疗前后主、次症状改善情况,血清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、γ谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GT)变化。结果三组治疗后的临床疗效比较差异无统计学意义(H=2.5897,P>0.05)。三组治疗后肝功能指标均有改善,与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论化肝汤1号可有效地降低肝细胞的损害程度,促进受损细胞修复,从而改善肝功能。