胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ及内皮素-1与胎儿生长受限的关系

目的探讨胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)及内皮素(ET-1)与胎儿生长受限(FGR)发病的关系。方法2001-06-2004-12中山市人民医院应用放射免疫分析法和酶联免疫吸附试验,分别测定42例FGR患儿脐静脉血、孕妇(FGR孕妇组)血清及羊水中IGF-Ⅰ和ET-1水平,并与同期住院的正常晚期妊娠妇女44例(正常孕妇组)作为对照。结果FGR组孕妇血清IGF-Ⅰ为(112·16±7·02)μg/L,低于正常妊娠组的(207·27±8·25)μg/L,差异有非常显著性意义,P<0·01;FGR组脐血清IGF-Ⅰ为(16·27±7·38)μg/L,低于正常组的(44·89±6·44)μg/L,差异有非常显著性意义,P<0·01;FGR组羊水中IGF-Ⅰ与正常妊娠组差异无显著意义,P>0·05;孕妇血清、脐血清IGF-Ⅰ与新生儿出生体重呈正相关。FGR组脐血ET-1为(79·34±3·67)ng/L,高于正常妊娠组的(43·96±4·16)ng/L,差异有非常显著性意义,P<0·01;FGR组羊水IGF-Ⅰ为(21·96±1·89)ng/L,高于正常组的(10·41±2·13)ng/L,差异有非常显著性意义,P<0·01;而FGR组孕妇血清中IGF-Ⅰ与正常妊娠组差异无显著性意义,P>0·05;孕妇羊水、脐血清ET-1与新生儿出生体重呈负相关。结论IGF-Ⅰ及ET-1在FGR的发病中可能起到非常重要的作用。     

胰岛素对子宫内膜间质细胞分泌IGF-1和IGFBP-1的影响

目的 :了解胰岛素对子宫内膜间质细胞分泌胰岛素样生长因子 1(IGF 1)和胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白 1(IGFBP 1)的影响。方法 :用含不同浓度雌二醇和胰岛素的培养液培养增生晚期人子宫内膜间质细胞 2 4h后 ,留取培养液测定IGF 1。用含不同浓度孕酮和胰岛素的培养液培养分泌晚期人子宫内膜间质细胞 2 4h后 ,留取培养液测定IGFBP 1。结果 :1.增生晚期间质细胞培养液中IGF 1的浓度 :2 0 μU ml胰岛素组为 1.39±0 .33μg L ,低于 10 0 μU ml胰岛素组 (2 .0 3± 0 .5 3μg L) (P <0 .0 1) ;10 0ng L雌二醇 + 2 0 μU ml胰岛素组为 2 .18± 0 .36 μg L ,低于 10 0g L雌二醇 + 10 0 μU ml胰岛素组 (3.4 2± 0 .75 μg L) (P<0 .0 1)。 2 .分泌晚期间质细胞液中IGFBP 1浓度 :2 0 μU ml胰岛素组为 0 .16± 0 .5 8μg L ,低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,高于 10 0 μU ml胰岛素组 (0 .10± 0 .4 8μg L) (P <0 .0 1) ;10 μg L孕酮 + 2 0 μU ml胰岛素组为 2 .10± 1.17μg L ,低于 10 μg L孕酮组 (P <0 .0 1) ,高于 10 μg L孕酮 + 10 0 μU ml胰岛素组 (0 .5 0± 0 .2 8μg L) (P <0 .0 1)。 结论 :1.胰岛素促进增生期子宫内膜间质细胞分泌IGF 1;2 .胰岛素抑制分泌晚期子宫内膜间质细胞分泌IGFBP 1。     

妊娠妇女及新生儿脐血瘦素水平与体重,胰岛素,C—肽,胰岛 …

目的　探讨妊娠晚期妇女及新生儿脐血瘦素水平与孕妇体重及新生儿体重的关系 ,以及新生儿脐血瘦素水平与C 肽、胰岛素、胰岛素样生长因子 Ⅱ (IGF Ⅱ )等的关系。方法　采用放射免疫法测定 5 0例孕 37～ 38周正常妊娠妇女 (研究组 )及其新生儿、2 9例健康未妊娠妇女 (对照组 )的血瘦素水平 ,并同时测定新生儿脐血C 肽、胰岛素、IGF Ⅱ的水平等。结果　 (1)妊娠晚期妇女血瘦素水平为 (13.6 2± 3.6 8) μg/L ,明显高于对照组妇女的 (6 .6 0± 3.0 4) μg/L及新生儿脐血瘦素的 (8.0 5± 4.6 1) μg/L。 (2 )妊娠晚期妇女血瘦素水平与本身体重及体重指数明显相关 (r分别为 0 .33、0 .35 ,P<0 .0 5 ) ;妊娠晚期妇女血瘦素水平与新生儿体重无明显相关 (r=0 .10 ,P >0 .0 5 )。 (3)新生儿脐血瘦素水平与其体重、体重指数明显相关 (r分别为 0 .5 4、0 .49,P <0 .0 0 1) ;而与妊娠晚期妇女血瘦素水平无明显相关 (r=0 .19,P >0 .0 5 )。 (4 )对照组妇女血瘦素水平与其体重、体重指数明显正相关 (r分别为 0 .72、0 .78,P <0 .0 0 1)。 (5 )新生儿脐血C 肽为 (0 .86± 0 .35 ) μg/L ,胰岛素为 (8.49± 4.76 )mU/L ,IGF Ⅱ为 (0 .2 18± 0 .0 76 ) μg/L ;新生儿脐血瘦素水平与C 肽明显相关 (r=0 .37,P <0 .0 5 )     

瘦素及胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ与胎儿生长受限的关系

目的　探讨瘦素及胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ (IGF Ⅰ )与胎儿生长受限 (FGR)的关系。方法　采用放射免疫法和免疫放射法测定 30例FGR孕妇 (FGR组 )和 80例正常孕妇 (对照组 )的血清及脐血瘦素、IGF Ⅰ水平 ,并对其结果进行相关性分析。结果　FGR组血清瘦素水平与对照组比较 ,差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 ) ;FGR组血清IGF Ⅰ水平明显低于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,FGR组脐血瘦素、IGF Ⅰ水平均明显低于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1 ) ;两组孕妇血清瘦素、IGF Ⅰ水平与脐血瘦素、IGF Ⅰ水平无相关性 (r =0 1 85 ,r =0 2 6 2 ,P >0 0 5 ) ;脐血瘦素水平与新生儿出生体重呈正相关 (r =0 36 4 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,与胎盘重量无相关性 (r =0 1 94 ,P >0 0 5 ) ;脐血IGF Ⅰ水平与新生儿出生体重及胎盘重量呈正相关 (r =0 4 75 ,r =0 4 86 ,P <0 0 5 )。结论　FGR孕妇脐血瘦素水平降低与胎儿脂肪沉积减少有关 ,脐血瘦素水平可作为预测胎儿体重的一项指标。血清与脐血IGF Ⅰ的分泌相对独立 ,提示IGF Ⅰ不能通过胎盘屏障。脐血IGF Ⅰ水平降低 ,可能是导致FGR的病因之一。     

胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ和17β-雌二醇对子宫内膜癌细胞HEC-1A影响的研究

目的　研究胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ (IGF - 1 )与 1 7β -雌二醇 (E2 )对子宫内膜癌细胞的影响。方法　将培养的子宫内膜癌细胞系HEC - 1A ,分为A组 (加E2 1 0 - 8M)、B组 (加IGF - 1　 1 0 μg ml) ,C组 (加E2 1 0 - 8和IGF - 1　 1 0 μg ml)、D组 (对照组 ,不加药 )。流式细胞学检测并比较各组细胞S期细胞比例变化。 结果　C组中作用 2 4h、 4 8h、 72h后 ,S期细胞分别增加 2 73%± 2 39% ,1 2 6 2 %± 1 4 3% ,5 85 %± 1 95 % ,而A组的S期细胞分别增加 1 9 0 5 %± 1 4 1 % ,2 1 1 8%± 1 5 9% ,1 1 4 1 %± 0 76 % ,B组则增加 5 5 2 %± 2 73% ,5 3 78%± 8 2 1 % ,4 9 6 4 %± 0 6 5 %。三组相比 ,C组S期细胞比例明显低于A、B组 ,P =0 0 4 6、 0 0 31。结论　在E2 作用下 ,1 0 μg ml浓度的IGF - 1并不增加HEC - 1A细胞S期比例 ,反而抑制了E2 的促增殖作用     

胰岛素样生长因子在产科领域中的作用

胰岛素样生长因子(IGrs)是一类妊娠必需的促进细胞增殖和分化的单肽，并与某些病理妊娠有关。妊娠高血压综合征(妊高征)患者血清IGF-Ⅱ含量减少，胎盘IGFs结合蛋白(IGFBP)-1表达增强。绒癌Bewo30细胞Ⅰ型IGFs受体(IGFR Ⅰ)表达增强，绒癌JEG-3细胞Ⅱ型IGFs受体(IGFR Ⅱ)表达减少。胎儿生长受限(FGR)孕妇血清、脐血清IGF-Ⅱ含量减少，胎儿血清IGF-Ⅱ含量减少。     

胰岛素样生长因子1及胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白3与胎儿生长发育的关系

目的:探讨胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF-1）及胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白3（IGFBP-3）与胎儿生长发育的关系。方法:应用酶联免疫吸附试验（LISA）测定26例正常妊娠（正常组）,42例妊娠期糖尿病（GDM组）,20例胎儿宫内发育迟缓（IUGR组）孕妇足月剖宫产分娩时,母血与脐血中IGF-1及IGFBP-3的水平,同时记录3组孕妇的新生儿出生体重。结果:（1）母血IGF-1及IGFBP-3的水平正常组分别为18 6.81μg/L、22.82μg/L,GDM组为283.35μg/L、28.29μg/L,IUGR组为220.64μg/L、25.23μg/L,3组间 IGF-IN IGFBP.3水平差异均无显著性（P>0.05）;（2）脐血IGF-1及IGFBP-3的水平正常组分别为62.54μg/L、8.56μg/L,GDM组分别为83.74μg/L、10.21μg/L,IUGR组为37.94μg/L、7.82μg/L,分别进行3组间两两比较,3组IGF-1及IGFBP-3的差异均有显著性（P<0.01）;（3）新生儿平均出生体重正常组为3.22±0.32kg,GDM组为3.76±0.43kg,IUGR组为2.41±0.17kg,3组间两两比较,差异均有显著性（P<0.01）;（4）3组脐血IGF-1及IGFBP-3水平与新生儿出生体重均有显著性正相关（P<0.01）;（5）3组母血及脐血的IGF-1与IGFBP-3均呈显著性正相关（P<0.01）。结论:来自胎儿循环的IGF-1、IGFBP-3对胎儿的生长发育有重要的调节作用,可能参与巨大儿及IUGR的病     

胰岛素样生长因子1及胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1表达与妊娠期高血压疾病发病的关系

目的探讨胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)与胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1(IGFBP-1)在妊娠期高血压疾病发病中的作用。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)及免疫组化方法检测60例妊娠期高血压疾病患者(妊娠期高血压疾病组,其中妊娠期高血压20例、轻度子痫前期19例、重度子痫前期21例)及18例正常妊娠妇女(对照组)的血清及胎盘组织中IGF-1及IGFBP-1的水平,并分析妊娠期高血压疾病组患者血清中IGF-1水平与胎盘组织中IGFBP-1的相关性。结果(1)血清IGF-1水平:妊娠期高血压疾病组为(229±100)μg/L,明显低于对照组的(336±120)μg/L,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。妊娠期高血压患者血清中IGF-1水平为(303±80)μg/L,轻度子痫前期患者为(233±77)μg/L,重度子痫前期患者为(155±73)μg/L。3者间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)胎盘组织中IGF-1阳性率:妊娠期高血压疾病组为48%(29/60),明显低于对照组的83%(15/18),两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);轻、重度子痫前期患者明显低于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。(3)血清中IGFBP-1水平:妊娠期高血压疾病组为(161±90)μg/L,明显高于对照组的(98±75)μg/L,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。妊娠期高血压患者为(97±73)μg/L,轻度子痫前期患者为(157±69)μg/L,重度子痫前期患者为(225±81)μg/L。3者间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(4)胎盘组织中IGFBP-1阳性率:妊娠期高血压疾病组为77%(46/60),明显高于对照组的39%(5/18),两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);轻、重度子痫前期患者明显高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。(5)相关性:妊娠期高血压疾病组患者血清及胎盘组织中IGF-1水平分别与相应部位的IGFBP-1水平均呈负相关(r=-0.269,P<0.05;r=-0.396,P<0.01)。血清中IGFBP-1水平与胎盘组织中IGFBP-1表达水平呈正相关(r=0.388,P<0.01)。结论孕妇血清及胎盘组织中IGF-1、IGFBP-1水平变化与妊娠期高血压疾病发病及病情发展有关。     

胰岛素样生长因子在产科领域中的作用

胰岛素样生长因子(IGFs)是一类妊娠必需的促进细胞增殖和分化的单肽,并与某些病理妊娠有关.妊娠高血压综合征(妊高征)患者血清IGF-Ⅱ含量减少,胎盘IGFs结合蛋白(IGFBP)-1表达增强.绒癌BeWo30细胞Ⅰ型IGFs受体(IGFRI)表达增强,绒癌JEG-3细胞Ⅱ型IGFs受体(IGFRⅡ)表达减少.胎儿生长受限(FGR)孕妇血清、脐血清IGF-Ⅱ含量减少,胎儿血清IGF-Ⅱ含量减少.     

胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅱ和胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-1对妊娠早期胚胎发育的影响

目的 探讨胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅱ（insulin-like growth factorⅡ，IGF-Ⅱ）与胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1（insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1，IGFBP-1）在妊娠早期对胚胎发育的影响。方法 应用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）、酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）分别检测2002-04—2004-01中山大学附属一院47例早孕空胚妊娠妇女（观察组）和38例正常早孕人流妇女（对照组）绒毛组织中的IGF-Ⅱ、蜕膜组织IGFBP-1的mRNA表达量，及母血清中IGFBP-1水平，比较两组数值的相关性。结果 观察组蜕膜组织IGFBP．1mRNA为（3．30±0．32）mg／L，绒毛组织IGF-Ⅱ mRNA为（1．50±0．41）mg／L，母血清IGFBP-1为（50．87±12．08）μg／L；对照组蜕膜组织IGFBP-1 mRNA为（2．14±0．21）mg／L，绒毛组织IGF-Ⅱ mRNA为（3．80±0．17）mg／L，母血清IGFBP-1为（24．31±3．61）μg／L。观察组与对照组间IGF-Ⅱ mRNA、IGFBP-1 mRNA及母血清IGFBP-1比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；绒毛组织中IGF-Ⅱ mRNA与蜕膜组织中IGFBP-1 mRNA的表达量呈负相关，蜕膜组织IGFBP-1 mRNA与母血清IGFBP-1呈正相关：结论 IGF-Ⅱ、IGFBP-1可能可以作为早期胚胎发育预测潜能的指标，     

胰岛素样生长因子I及其结合蛋白1对超排卵周期卵泡发育的影响

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Serum insulin-like growth factors in normal pregnancy and in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia

BACKGROUND: Lower levels of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) have been shown to be associated with preeclampsia and also with a reduced risk of breast cancer later in life. Lower levels of IGF before clinical signs of preeclampsia could be one possible mechanism in the etiology of preeclampsia as well as for the reduced risk of breast cancer associated with preeclampsia. We have prospectively investigated maternal serum levels of IGF-I, IGF-II, and the main binding protein insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) in women with and without preeclampsia. METHODS: We used maternal serum samples from a Swedish-Norwegian cohort study obtained in the 17th and 33rd gestational week from 30 women who subsequently developed preeclampsia and 128 women who did not develop preeclampsia. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in serum concentrations IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in the 17th or the 33rd week of gestation between women who developed preeclampsia or not. Compared with nonpreeclamptic women, preeclamptic women had significantly higher serum levels of IGF-II in week 33, but there was no difference in week 17. CONCLUSION: In women who developed preeclampsia, we found no support for the hypothesis that the disease was preceded by lower serum levels of IGF-I and IGF-II, or higher serum levels of IGFBP-3. However, among women who later developed preeclampsia, serum levels of IGF-II were significantly higher in the 33rd gestational week.     

Serum insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in premature rupture of membranes

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to evaluate whether the circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and its major circulating binding protein, IGFBP-3, are affected in premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and preterm delivery. METHODS: The levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were measured in 32 pregnant women with PROM and in 27 healthy gestational age-matched pregnant women. Statistical analyzes were performed by analysis of variance. RESULTS: All the patients with PROM had preterm delivery, at a gestational age of 31.9 +/- 0.4 weeks (mean +/- SEM). In the control subjects, pregnancy proceeded to term. In the PROM patients, the serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels (289 +/- 21 ng/ml and 8248 +/- 407 ng/ml, respectively) were not statistically different from those in the control subjects (275 +/- 22 ng/ml and 7579 +/- 488 ng/ml). Seventeen patients with PROM showed a rise in serum C-reactive protein, indicating subclinical intrauterine infection. Also in this subgroup of patients the levels of serum IGF-I (281 +/- 27 ng/ml) and IGFBP-3 (9010 +/- 633 ng/ml) were not different from those in the control subjects. Before delivery, serial serum samples were available from 22 patients with PROM. No consistent changes in IGF-I or IGFBP-3 concentrations were seen during the mean follow-up period of 9 days. CONCLUSIONS: IGF-I and IGFBP-3 do not appear to play any significant role in the maintenance of pregnancy in PROM patients with preterm delivery, whether or not associated with emerging intrauterine infection.     

脂联素和内脂素与胎儿生长发育的关系

目的 探讨脂肪因子--脂联素和内脂素与胎儿生长发育的关系.方法 收集2007年6月至12月北京军区总医院妇产科住院分娩的产妇42例,其中分娩胎儿生长受限(FGR)儿14例(FGR组),分娩巨大儿14例(巨大儿组),分娩出生体重正常新生儿14例(对照组).采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA,双抗体夹心法)检测3组产妇血和新生儿脐血中的脂联素和内脂素的水平,并分析新生儿脐血中脂联素和内脂素水平与产妇血中水平的相关性.结果 (1)FGR组产妇血中内脂素水平为(41.4±5.5)μ/L,明显高于对照组的(34.7±4.9)μ/L和巨大儿组的(37.3±4.4)μ/L,分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05);巨大儿组产妇血中脂联索水平为(4.1±1.3)mg/L,显著低于对照组的(6.6±1.5)mg/L和FGR组的(6.4±1.3)mg/L,分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01).(2)FGR组新生儿脐血中内脂素水平为(58.1±7.6)μ/L,明显高于对照组的(42.6±7.8)μ/L和巨大儿组的(48.5±9.1)μ/L,分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05);巨大儿组新生儿脐血中脂联素水平为(6.5±1.3)mg/L,低于对照组的(7.7±1.5)mg/L和FGR组的(7.7±1.0)mg/L,分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05).(3)脐血中内脂素水平高于产妇血中的水平,两者呈显著正相关关系(r=0.720,P<0.01);脐血中脂联素水平略高于产妇血中的水平,两者无明显相关性(r=0.301,P>0.05).结论 内脂索水平的升高可能与FGR的发生有关,脂联素水平的降低可能与巨大儿的发生有关.     

IGF-1、IGF-2、IGFBP-3与非糖尿病孕妇巨大儿发生的相关性研究

目的探讨胰岛素样生长因子1、2（IGF-1、IGF-2）、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白3（IGFBP-3）与非糖尿病孕妇巨大儿发生的关联性。方法选择2010年1月至2011年5月于上海市浦东新区人民医院产前检查并分娩的初产妇,孕期纵向观察,抽取妊娠中期（26～28周）和妊娠足月（38～41周）的母血及孕妇分娩时新生儿出生体重≥4000g30例（巨大儿组）、2500～3500g30例（正常组）的脐血,应用放射免疫法检测IGF-1、IGF-2、IGFBP-3的水平,并进行对比分析。结果①两组孕妇妊娠足月IGF-1水平均高于妊娠中期,差异有高度统计学意义（分别为P〈0.0001、P〈0.001）,但妊娠中期和足月时,巨大儿组与正常组二组间比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。巨大儿组脐血IGF-1水平高于正常组,差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0.0001）;②孕妇血清IGF-2水平巨大儿组与正常组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;③孕妇妊娠中期、妊娠足月血清IG-FBP-3水平巨大儿组明显高于正常组,差异有高度统计学意义（分别为P〈0.001、P〈0.01）;④母血IGFBP-3水平、脐血IGF-1水平与新生儿出生体重正相关。结论 IGF-1参与了胎儿生长发育的调节;胎儿自身循环中的IGF-1与新生儿出生体重有关;非糖尿病孕妇血清IGFBP-3水平与巨大儿形成有关。     

Maternal zinc and cord blood zinc, insulin-like growth factor-1, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 levels in small-for-gestational-age newborns

PURPOSE: To determine the relationship between maternal serum zinc (Zn) levels and birth weight of the offspring and their correlation with cord blood Zn, insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels. METHOD: 22 term small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and 34 term appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) infants and their mothers were included. Maternal and cord blood Zn levels and cord blood IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels were measured. RESULTS: Eighteen percent of mothers had Zn deficiency (< 75 mcg/dl). No significant difference between IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels and birth weight of infants of the mothers with and without Zn deficiency was found. Maternal and neonatal Zn levels correlated (r = 0.38, p < 0.01). Mean IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels were significantly lower in the SGA group compared to the AGA group (42.3 +/- 16.8 ng/ml, 1.2 +/- 0.2 mcg/ml, and 62.4 +/- 22.7 ng/ml, 1.5 +/- 0.4 mcg/ml, p < 0.001). A correlation was found between birth weight, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels, and weight gain of the mother during pregnancy (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Zn deficiency was not observed to be a risk factor for low birth weight. The significant difference between the SGA and AGA babies' IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels emphasizes function of the IGF system in intrauterine growth.     

胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ及胰岛素与胎儿宫内发育迟缓发病的关系

目的 探讨胰岛素样生长因子１（ＩＧＦ－Ｉ）及胰岛素与胎儿宫内发育迟缓（ＩＵＧＲ）发病的关系。方法 应用放射免疫分析法和酶联免疫吸附试验,分别测定１７例ＩＵＧＲ患儿,孕妇（ＩＵＧＲ组）血清及羊水中Ｉｎｓ和ＩＧＦ－Ｉ水平,同期住院的正常晚期妊娠妇女３８例（正常妊娠组）作为对照。     

Fetal serum levels of insulin, growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I in concordant and discordant twin gestations

OBJECTIVE: To examine the role of insulin, growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I in concordant and discordant twin pairs. METHODS: Umbilical cord serum samples were obtained from 20 twin pairs with weight discordancy (intertwin birth weight difference > 20%) and from 20 concordant twins (intertwin birth weight difference < 20%), both groups of similar gestational age, gravidity, and parity. The serum samples were analyzed for the levels of IGF-I, growth hormone and insulin in both maternal and fetal compartments. RESULTS: Among the group of discordant twins, the normally grown twin, in all cases, had significantly higher cord serum IGF-I levels than their growth-restricted co-twin (108 +/- 73 ng/ml vs. 39 +/- 24 ng/ml; p < 0.01). There were no significant intertwin differences in the cord blood IGF-I levels in the concordant twin pairs (87 +/- 44 vs. 88 +/- 48 ng/ml; p = 0.986). Insulin and growth hormone levels did not correlate with intertwin birth weight differences. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that IGF-I is important in the regulation of both normal and restricted fetal growth in utero, and its action appears to be, at least in part, through an endocrine action. The precise role of growth hormone and insulin in fetal growth restriction remains uncertain.     

Maternal insulin-like growth factor-I levels (IGF-I) reflect placental mass and neonatal fat mass

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to test the null hypothesis that serial changes in maternal insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor binding-protein-1 (IGFBP-1) levels during pregnancy do not reflect differences in either corrected birth weight or placental mass at term.Study design Serial blood samples were obtained before pregnancy and at 8, 16, 24, 32, and 38 weeks from 56 healthy women enrolled in various exercise training regimens. Maternal, placental, and fetal morphometric parameters were monitored throughout. Enzyme-linking immunosorbent assays were used to determine IGF-I and IGFBP-1 levels. RESULTS: IGF-I and IGFBP-1 levels varied widely among the subjects at all time points, but there was a consistent fall in IGF-I levels in early pregnancy, followed by a rapid increase between 16 and 36 weeks' gestation, whereas IGFBP-1 levels rose in the first 16 weeks and were unchanged thereafter. The strongest linear correlations with morphometric outcome were between the increase in maternal IGF-I levels from 16 to 32 weeks and corrected birth weight (r(2)=0.27), neonatal fat mass (r(2)=0.65), and placental mass at term (r(2)=0.50). These were improved when maternal glucose level was included in a stepwise regression analysis (r(2)=0.50-0.70). CONCLUSION: There is a robust relationship among the rate of increase in individual maternal IGF-I levels after 16 weeks, placental mass, and neonatal fat mass. This does not imply causality but does indicate that midpregnancy changes in IGF-I levels may be a valuable marker for anomalous fetal growth.