获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者高效抗逆转录病毒治疗的相关肝毒性

高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)能有效地抑制HIV复制,并重建机体的免疫功能,大大降低获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)相关疾病的发病率与病死率.研究表明,HAART治疗后的肝功能损伤已经成为AIDS治疗后的最常见并发症之一,也是患者死亡及中断治疗的重要原因 [1-2].     

高效抗逆转录病毒治疗对人类免疫缺陷病毒感染患者骨密度的影响

目的 评价高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)对HIV感染患者骨密度(BMD)的影响及其相关因素.方法 收集2007-2008年间50例接受HAART的HIV/MDS患者(治疗组)、12例未用HAART的HIV/AIDS患者(未治疗组)、20例健康对照者(对照组)的临床资料,采用双能X线BMD吸收仪(DEXA)测定BMD以及T值,分别对其数据进行统计分析.结果 治疗组中19例(38.0%)患者发生骨量减少,1例(2.0%)患者发生骨质疏松.对照组中5例(25.0%)发生骨量减少,无骨质疏松者.未治疗组中6例(50.0%)患者发生骨量减少,2例(16.7%)患者发生骨质疏松.未治疗组骨量减少/骨质疏松发生率较对照组显著增高(P=0.02).HIV/AIDS组(包括未治疗组和治疗组)的股骨、股骨颈、大粗隆的BMD[(0.97±0.14)、(0.91±0.13)、(0.76 4-0.12)g/cm2]明显低于对照组[(1.04±0.12)、(0.98±0.14)、(0.84±0.11)g/cm2,P<0.05];而未治疗组和治疗组的BMD差异无统计学意义.治疗组中,骨量减少/骨质疏松与体重<60 kg(r=0.074,P=0.004)、使用HAART前血浆病毒载量(r=5.103,P=0.021)呈正相关.结论 未接受HAART的HIV/AIDS患者较健康人骨量减少/骨质疏松发生率高.HIV/MDS患者BMD较健康人低,接受HAART和未接受HAART治疗的HIV/AIDS患者BMD相当.接受HAART患者中,体重<60 kg、治疗前HIV RNA是发生骨量减少/骨质疏松的危险因素.     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

目的 探讨获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)患者胃黏膜组织中人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染的分布、数量及高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)前、后的变化.方法 选取伴有消化道症状的AIDS患者35例,对照组为HIV-1阴性者10例,均进行胃镜检查.PCR法制备地高辛标记HIV-1 LTR、gag基因的双链cDNA探针,对胃黏膜组织冰冻切片采取核酸原位杂交法观察HIV感染情况,并与外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)涂片对比.结果 ①AIDS患者胃镜下多表现为不同程度的慢性浅表性胃炎(CSG)和慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG),AIDS患者临床消化道症状、胃镜下表现及病理结果未见明显特征性.②AIDS患者胃黏膜组织内HIV阳性显色多见于单个核细胞(MMC)中,胃黏膜上皮、腺上皮细胞和问质细胞中亦有阳性杂交信号.③胃窦黏膜组织与胃体黏膜组织HIV阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).④AIDS患者胃黏膜HIV阳性率为(1.97±3.25)%,AIDS未治疗组与HAART治疗组各组间胃窦和胃体部HIV阳性率差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05).PBMC中HIV总阳性细胞率为(12.38±9.17)%;AIDS未治疗组PBMC中HIV阳性细胞率为(19.37±9.23)%,AIDS治疗1～4年组为(4.25±3.47)%,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 胃黏膜是HIV感染的靶部位之一,HAART治疗对AIDS患者胃黏膜感染收效甚微.     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征抗病毒治疗

获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)抗病毒治疗经历了近20年的发展,治疗思路从抑制人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)的逆转录酶到抑制蛋白酶,目前又开发出抑制宿主细胞的病毒受体、与受体结合的病毒包膜蛋白以及病毒整合到宿主细胞核酸中所需要的整合酶药物。     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

Objective To investigate the distribution and amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in gastric mucosa from untreated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated patients.Methods Thirty-five AIDS patients (14 untreated patients and 21 patients receiving HAART) and 10 HIV-1 seronegative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled and examined by upper endoscopy.The labeled HIV-1 double-stranded cDNA probe was a PCR product corresponding to the LTR and gag gene of the HIV-1 genome.HIV in gastric mucosal tissues from AIDS patients was detected using in situ hybridization (ISH) and compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results ① No obvious character was found in gastrointestinal symptoms,endoscopy examination and pathology results of AIDS patients.② The expression of HIV gene was mainly detected in the gastric mucosal mononuclear cell (MMC).Other cells were also observed with HIV expression including mucosal epithelial cells,gland epithelial cells and interstitial cells.③There was no difference in HIV expression between sinus ventriculi and gastric body.④ HIV gene expression from AIDS patients was (1.97±3.25)% in gastric mucosa,no difference in HIV gene expression between two groups (P＞0.05).⑤ HIV gene expression in PBMC smear from AIDS patients was (12.38 ± 9.17)%.HIV expreesion in PBMC from patients who had received HAART for 1-4 years were markedly lower than that from patients who had not received HAART (P＜0.05).Conclusions The gastric mueosa is one of HIV infected sites.The potential effect of HAART on the decrease of HIV infected cells in gastric mucosa was unsatisfactory.     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

Objective To investigate the distribution and amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in gastric mucosa from untreated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated patients.Methods Thirty-five AIDS patients (14 untreated patients and 21 patients receiving HAART) and 10 HIV-1 seronegative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled and examined by upper endoscopy.The labeled HIV-1 double-stranded cDNA probe was a PCR product corresponding to the LTR and gag gene of the HIV-1 genome.HIV in gastric mucosal tissues from AIDS patients was detected using in situ hybridization (ISH) and compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results ① No obvious character was found in gastrointestinal symptoms,endoscopy examination and pathology results of AIDS patients.② The expression of HIV gene was mainly detected in the gastric mucosal mononuclear cell (MMC).Other cells were also observed with HIV expression including mucosal epithelial cells,gland epithelial cells and interstitial cells.③There was no difference in HIV expression between sinus ventriculi and gastric body.④ HIV gene expression from AIDS patients was (1.97±3.25)% in gastric mucosa,no difference in HIV gene expression between two groups (P＞0.05).⑤ HIV gene expression in PBMC smear from AIDS patients was (12.38 ± 9.17)%.HIV expreesion in PBMC from patients who had received HAART for 1-4 years were markedly lower than that from patients who had not received HAART (P＜0.05).Conclusions The gastric mueosa is one of HIV infected sites.The potential effect of HAART on the decrease of HIV infected cells in gastric mucosa was unsatisfactory.     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

Objective To investigate the distribution and amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in gastric mucosa from untreated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated patients.Methods Thirty-five AIDS patients (14 untreated patients and 21 patients receiving HAART) and 10 HIV-1 seronegative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled and examined by upper endoscopy.The labeled HIV-1 double-stranded cDNA probe was a PCR product corresponding to the LTR and gag gene of the HIV-1 genome.HIV in gastric mucosal tissues from AIDS patients was detected using in situ hybridization (ISH) and compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results ① No obvious character was found in gastrointestinal symptoms,endoscopy examination and pathology results of AIDS patients.② The expression of HIV gene was mainly detected in the gastric mucosal mononuclear cell (MMC).Other cells were also observed with HIV expression including mucosal epithelial cells,gland epithelial cells and interstitial cells.③There was no difference in HIV expression between sinus ventriculi and gastric body.④ HIV gene expression from AIDS patients was (1.97±3.25)% in gastric mucosa,no difference in HIV gene expression between two groups (P＞0.05).⑤ HIV gene expression in PBMC smear from AIDS patients was (12.38 ± 9.17)%.HIV expreesion in PBMC from patients who had received HAART for 1-4 years were markedly lower than that from patients who had not received HAART (P＜0.05).Conclusions The gastric mueosa is one of HIV infected sites.The potential effect of HAART on the decrease of HIV infected cells in gastric mucosa was unsatisfactory.     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

Objective To investigate the distribution and amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in gastric mucosa from untreated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated patients.Methods Thirty-five AIDS patients (14 untreated patients and 21 patients receiving HAART) and 10 HIV-1 seronegative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled and examined by upper endoscopy.The labeled HIV-1 double-stranded cDNA probe was a PCR product corresponding to the LTR and gag gene of the HIV-1 genome.HIV in gastric mucosal tissues from AIDS patients was detected using in situ hybridization (ISH) and compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results ① No obvious character was found in gastrointestinal symptoms,endoscopy examination and pathology results of AIDS patients.② The expression of HIV gene was mainly detected in the gastric mucosal mononuclear cell (MMC).Other cells were also observed with HIV expression including mucosal epithelial cells,gland epithelial cells and interstitial cells.③There was no difference in HIV expression between sinus ventriculi and gastric body.④ HIV gene expression from AIDS patients was (1.97±3.25)% in gastric mucosa,no difference in HIV gene expression between two groups (P＞0.05).⑤ HIV gene expression in PBMC smear from AIDS patients was (12.38 ± 9.17)%.HIV expreesion in PBMC from patients who had received HAART for 1-4 years were markedly lower than that from patients who had not received HAART (P＜0.05).Conclusions The gastric mueosa is one of HIV infected sites.The potential effect of HAART on the decrease of HIV infected cells in gastric mucosa was unsatisfactory.     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

Objective To investigate the distribution and amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in gastric mucosa from untreated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated patients.Methods Thirty-five AIDS patients (14 untreated patients and 21 patients receiving HAART) and 10 HIV-1 seronegative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled and examined by upper endoscopy.The labeled HIV-1 double-stranded cDNA probe was a PCR product corresponding to the LTR and gag gene of the HIV-1 genome.HIV in gastric mucosal tissues from AIDS patients was detected using in situ hybridization (ISH) and compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results ① No obvious character was found in gastrointestinal symptoms,endoscopy examination and pathology results of AIDS patients.② The expression of HIV gene was mainly detected in the gastric mucosal mononuclear cell (MMC).Other cells were also observed with HIV expression including mucosal epithelial cells,gland epithelial cells and interstitial cells.③There was no difference in HIV expression between sinus ventriculi and gastric body.④ HIV gene expression from AIDS patients was (1.97±3.25)% in gastric mucosa,no difference in HIV gene expression between two groups (P＞0.05).⑤ HIV gene expression in PBMC smear from AIDS patients was (12.38 ± 9.17)%.HIV expreesion in PBMC from patients who had received HAART for 1-4 years were markedly lower than that from patients who had not received HAART (P＜0.05).Conclusions The gastric mueosa is one of HIV infected sites.The potential effect of HAART on the decrease of HIV infected cells in gastric mucosa was unsatisfactory.     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

Objective To investigate the distribution and amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in gastric mucosa from untreated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated patients.Methods Thirty-five AIDS patients (14 untreated patients and 21 patients receiving HAART) and 10 HIV-1 seronegative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled and examined by upper endoscopy.The labeled HIV-1 double-stranded cDNA probe was a PCR product corresponding to the LTR and gag gene of the HIV-1 genome.HIV in gastric mucosal tissues from AIDS patients was detected using in situ hybridization (ISH) and compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results ① No obvious character was found in gastrointestinal symptoms,endoscopy examination and pathology results of AIDS patients.② The expression of HIV gene was mainly detected in the gastric mucosal mononuclear cell (MMC).Other cells were also observed with HIV expression including mucosal epithelial cells,gland epithelial cells and interstitial cells.③There was no difference in HIV expression between sinus ventriculi and gastric body.④ HIV gene expression from AIDS patients was (1.97±3.25)% in gastric mucosa,no difference in HIV gene expression between two groups (P＞0.05).⑤ HIV gene expression in PBMC smear from AIDS patients was (12.38 ± 9.17)%.HIV expreesion in PBMC from patients who had received HAART for 1-4 years were markedly lower than that from patients who had not received HAART (P＜0.05).Conclusions The gastric mueosa is one of HIV infected sites.The potential effect of HAART on the decrease of HIV infected cells in gastric mucosa was unsatisfactory.     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

Objective To investigate the distribution and amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in gastric mucosa from untreated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated patients.Methods Thirty-five AIDS patients (14 untreated patients and 21 patients receiving HAART) and 10 HIV-1 seronegative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled and examined by upper endoscopy.The labeled HIV-1 double-stranded cDNA probe was a PCR product corresponding to the LTR and gag gene of the HIV-1 genome.HIV in gastric mucosal tissues from AIDS patients was detected using in situ hybridization (ISH) and compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results ① No obvious character was found in gastrointestinal symptoms,endoscopy examination and pathology results of AIDS patients.② The expression of HIV gene was mainly detected in the gastric mucosal mononuclear cell (MMC).Other cells were also observed with HIV expression including mucosal epithelial cells,gland epithelial cells and interstitial cells.③There was no difference in HIV expression between sinus ventriculi and gastric body.④ HIV gene expression from AIDS patients was (1.97±3.25)% in gastric mucosa,no difference in HIV gene expression between two groups (P＞0.05).⑤ HIV gene expression in PBMC smear from AIDS patients was (12.38 ± 9.17)%.HIV expreesion in PBMC from patients who had received HAART for 1-4 years were markedly lower than that from patients who had not received HAART (P＜0.05).Conclusions The gastric mueosa is one of HIV infected sites.The potential effect of HAART on the decrease of HIV infected cells in gastric mucosa was unsatisfactory.     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

Objective To investigate the distribution and amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in gastric mucosa from untreated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated patients.Methods Thirty-five AIDS patients (14 untreated patients and 21 patients receiving HAART) and 10 HIV-1 seronegative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled and examined by upper endoscopy.The labeled HIV-1 double-stranded cDNA probe was a PCR product corresponding to the LTR and gag gene of the HIV-1 genome.HIV in gastric mucosal tissues from AIDS patients was detected using in situ hybridization (ISH) and compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results ① No obvious character was found in gastrointestinal symptoms,endoscopy examination and pathology results of AIDS patients.② The expression of HIV gene was mainly detected in the gastric mucosal mononuclear cell (MMC).Other cells were also observed with HIV expression including mucosal epithelial cells,gland epithelial cells and interstitial cells.③There was no difference in HIV expression between sinus ventriculi and gastric body.④ HIV gene expression from AIDS patients was (1.97±3.25)% in gastric mucosa,no difference in HIV gene expression between two groups (P＞0.05).⑤ HIV gene expression in PBMC smear from AIDS patients was (12.38 ± 9.17)%.HIV expreesion in PBMC from patients who had received HAART for 1-4 years were markedly lower than that from patients who had not received HAART (P＜0.05).Conclusions The gastric mueosa is one of HIV infected sites.The potential effect of HAART on the decrease of HIV infected cells in gastric mucosa was unsatisfactory.     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

Objective To investigate the distribution and amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in gastric mucosa from untreated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated patients.Methods Thirty-five AIDS patients (14 untreated patients and 21 patients receiving HAART) and 10 HIV-1 seronegative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled and examined by upper endoscopy.The labeled HIV-1 double-stranded cDNA probe was a PCR product corresponding to the LTR and gag gene of the HIV-1 genome.HIV in gastric mucosal tissues from AIDS patients was detected using in situ hybridization (ISH) and compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results ① No obvious character was found in gastrointestinal symptoms,endoscopy examination and pathology results of AIDS patients.② The expression of HIV gene was mainly detected in the gastric mucosal mononuclear cell (MMC).Other cells were also observed with HIV expression including mucosal epithelial cells,gland epithelial cells and interstitial cells.③There was no difference in HIV expression between sinus ventriculi and gastric body.④ HIV gene expression from AIDS patients was (1.97±3.25)% in gastric mucosa,no difference in HIV gene expression between two groups (P＞0.05).⑤ HIV gene expression in PBMC smear from AIDS patients was (12.38 ± 9.17)%.HIV expreesion in PBMC from patients who had received HAART for 1-4 years were markedly lower than that from patients who had not received HAART (P＜0.05).Conclusions The gastric mueosa is one of HIV infected sites.The potential effect of HAART on the decrease of HIV infected cells in gastric mucosa was unsatisfactory.     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

Objective To investigate the distribution and amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in gastric mucosa from untreated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated patients.Methods Thirty-five AIDS patients (14 untreated patients and 21 patients receiving HAART) and 10 HIV-1 seronegative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled and examined by upper endoscopy.The labeled HIV-1 double-stranded cDNA probe was a PCR product corresponding to the LTR and gag gene of the HIV-1 genome.HIV in gastric mucosal tissues from AIDS patients was detected using in situ hybridization (ISH) and compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results ① No obvious character was found in gastrointestinal symptoms,endoscopy examination and pathology results of AIDS patients.② The expression of HIV gene was mainly detected in the gastric mucosal mononuclear cell (MMC).Other cells were also observed with HIV expression including mucosal epithelial cells,gland epithelial cells and interstitial cells.③There was no difference in HIV expression between sinus ventriculi and gastric body.④ HIV gene expression from AIDS patients was (1.97±3.25)% in gastric mucosa,no difference in HIV gene expression between two groups (P＞0.05).⑤ HIV gene expression in PBMC smear from AIDS patients was (12.38 ± 9.17)%.HIV expreesion in PBMC from patients who had received HAART for 1-4 years were markedly lower than that from patients who had not received HAART (P＜0.05).Conclusions The gastric mueosa is one of HIV infected sites.The potential effect of HAART on the decrease of HIV infected cells in gastric mucosa was unsatisfactory.     

抗反转录病毒治疗儿童艾滋病效果评价

目的 评估抗反转录病毒疗法(ART)治疗儿童AIDS的效果.方法 选择2004年3月至2008年12月符合世界卫生组织规定的治疗条件的22例HIV感染儿童进行ART,治疗方案为2种核苷类反转录酶抑制剂(NRTI)和1种非核苷类反转录酶抑制剂(NNRTI)的联合应用.治疗前、治疗后1～36个月定期检测身高、体质量、血常规、外周血CD4+T淋巴细胞数量、CD8+T淋巴细胞数量和血浆病毒载量(VL),并对两组数据进行t检验.结果 19例获得临床进步,治疗后6个月身高增加倍数为1.04±0.02(t=2.356,P＜0.05),体质量增加倍数为1.14±0.01(t=2.567,P＜0.05),机会性感染率下降(72.7%比27.3%);3例临床治疗失败,其身高、体质量增加迟缓,甚至下降,其中2例死亡.19例获临床进步的儿童中,VL在治疗后3个月均降至2.7 lg拷贝/mL以下;CD4+T淋巴细胞数从(145.50±86.72)×106/L升至治疗后3个月(262.80± 213.62)×106/L(t=2.668,P＜0.05);CD4+/CD8+T淋巴细胞比值为0.14±0.11比0.23±0.21(t=2.607,P＜0.05),其中CD4+/CD8+T淋巴细胞比值在治疗后9个月上升至峰值,而CD4+T淋巴细胞数绝对值在12个月达到峰值,随后至36个月均维持在较高水平;外周血WBC和RBC总数均下降,Hb从(107.29±13.74)g/L升至(112.15±11.20)g/L(t=2.325,P＜0.05).结论 现阶段在我国试点开展的ART治疗方案能够抑制儿童AIDS体内病毒复制,是机体免疫重建和临床症状改善的有效方案.     

高效抗逆转录病毒治疗43例血友病合并丙型肝炎和艾滋病患者3年临床观察

目的了解经高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)血友病合并丙型肝炎和艾滋病患者的临床疗效与不良反应。方法采用流式细胞仪定期检测CD4、CD3、CD8、自然杀伤细胞(NK)细胞计数;采用FDA推荐的病毒载量检测方法(bDNA)随访血浆病毒载量。结果43例患者在治疗3年后CD4+T淋巴细胞平均上升至257/mm3(P<0.001);HIVRNA平均降低至(2.26±1.10)log/ml(P<0.01)。结论HAART能有效抑制血友病合并丙型肝炎和艾滋病患者体内HIV的复制,有利于免疫功能重建。     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征合并肺结核15例分析

我院自 1998年 9月～ 2 0 0 1年 9月并收住肺结核病患者10 81人 ,其中 AIDS并肺结核者共有 15人 ,占 1.4% ,现将后者的有关资料总结如下。1　临床资料1.1　一般资料　男 14例 ,女 1例 ,最大年龄 40岁 ,最小年龄2 1岁 ,平均 2 9岁 ;有吸毒史者 13例 ;性乱史 1例 ;病史最长达八月 ,最短二十余天。1.2　 15例病人均有乏力、发热、消瘦 ,13例有咳嗽、咳痰。其中咯血 2例 ;四肢麻木 1例 ;腹泻 4例 ;右侧肢体偏瘫 1例 ;浅表淋巴结肿大 4例 ;口腔有霉菌菌落 2例 ;甲癣 1例 ;全身皮疹 1例 ;下肢水肿 2例 ;阴茎糜烂 1例 ;肺部可闻及罗音 8例 ;腹膜…     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征相关性心血管疾病研究进展

获得性免疫缺陷综合征(acquired immune deficiency syndrome,AIDS)流行30余年,人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者心血管并发症的发病率也逐年增加。其发病已从早期认知的心肌、心包的机会性感染和肿瘤,到近年出现的外周血管炎和高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(highly active antiretroviral therapy,HAART)药物相关的感染、炎症、急性冠状动脉事件,后者已远远超过了其他心血管并发症。病因和危险因素HIV感染和抗病毒治疗改善内皮功能障碍的分子机制     

儿童获得性免疫缺陷综合征二例

[例 1]　男 ,13岁。因发热、咳嗽 1月余 ,伴腹泻、皮疹半月余于 2 0 0 0年 2月 2 2日收入院。患儿 1个月前无明显诱因出现发热 ,体温波动在 3 8～ 3 9.5°Ｃ之间 ,伴咳嗽、纳差、消瘦明显。在当地医院按“肺炎”、“肺结核”给予抗生素及抗痨药物治疗 1个月症状无改善。近半月余出现腹泻 ,大便呈黄色稀水样 ,无脓血。颈部及躯干部出现疱疹样丘疹 ,瘙痒明显 ,当地医院按“水痘”治疗后 ,皮疹逐渐结痂 ,但体温仍在 3 8.5°Ｃ以上 ,皮疹反复出现且逐渐增多。患儿 5年前曾因外伤行手术时在当地输血 2次。入院体检 :体温3 9°Ｃ ,体重 2 6ｋｇ。…