建立基于医院信息系统的规范化电子药历

目的提高医院药学监护水平.方法根据现行的医疗体制,利用现代信息技术和方法,建立基于医院信息系统的规范化电子药历.结果基于医院信息系统的规范化电子药历具备准确、直观、完整、实时等特点,适用临床用药的前瞻性或回顾性分析.结论整合在HIS中的规范化电子药历,改变了传统工作流程,减少了临床药师的工作量,提高了工作效率,提升了医院药     

临床药师在医院合理用药中的作用

目的：探讨临床药师如何在医院合理用药中发挥作用。方法临床药师通过参与抗菌药物合理使用监测、通过查房，参与临床药物治疗、宣传合理用药知识，做医、护、药沟通的桥梁、收集药物不良反应等方法，开展药学服务。结果规范了医院合理用药，使临床抗感染疗效大为提高。结论临床药师积极参与临床药学服务，促进了医院抗菌药物的合理、安全使用。     

搞好药师临床查房工作 促进临床药学开展

分析我院药师临床查房情况,为临床药学的深入开展提供意见。对我院2006年1月至12月药师临床查房记录为分析对象,对药师临床查房情况进行分析。搞好药师查房工作,对临床药学深入开展、为患者提供安全、有效、合理、经济的药学服务,有着极其重要的意义。     

对1例原发性肾上腺皮质功能减退患者的药学监护

目的通过对1例临床药师参与的糖皮质激素药物治疗进行讨论，使用药更合理有效。方法以典型病例分析为主，提示药师对药治疗的实践能力。结果临床药师可以通过多种途径和方式提供药学服务，与医护人员合作，使患者临床症状减轻。结论临床病例分析和讨论，是提高临床药师药物治疗水平的途径。     

基于医院局域网的药讯平台的实施与应用

目的 实现院内药学信息交流.方法 采用FrontPage、Drearnweaver、Flash、Photoshops等工具及Active Server Page技术s,建立院内局域网药讯网站.提供药学信息交流和情报收集服务.结果 网站运行稳定.速度快,维护方便,药学信息丰富,并能同医师、护士、药师等在线沟通.应用效果较为理想.结论 药讯网站为医院局域网内的医务工作者提供了一个积极、健康、向上的学习与交流平台,使临床药学的情报收集工作更加及时、高效,达到了预期的效果,对医院药学工作的发展有非常积极的作用.     

临床药师为哮喘患者提供药学服务的实践与体会

目的 临床药师下临床为哮喘患者提供药学服务的作用.方法 临床药师根据掌握的药学知识,学习支气管哮喘的防治指南等临床知识,通过临床查房,为患者提供用药教育,解决了部分用药问题,使患者更好地掌握用药知识,提高患者的用药依从性.结果 临床药师提供药学服务,可促进合理用药,提高药物治疗水平.结论 临床药师通过实施药学服务,为保障患者用药的安全性和有效性发挥了积极作用.     

浅析我国医院临床药学的服务模式

目的本文的研究旨在对医院临床服务与药师工作的重要性进行分析和探讨。方法对临床药师的培养进行研究,对药学服务进行探讨,通过药师专业知识的提升来促进其提供的服务。结果通过临床药学服务的研究,可以很大程度上提升患者在用药时的依从性,有助于药效的发挥和患者的康复,从而提升医院的服务理念。结论临床药学服务的研究能够提升药师工作的价值和成效,对医院临床药物的合理使用和药学发展都有着很好的效果。     

做好用药咨询工作 深化发展药学服务

2002年,国家卫生部会同中医药管理局出台的<医疗机构药事管理哲行规定>中指出药学高级的服务模式---药学服务(pharmaceutical care,pc),其中包括药师参与临床药物治疗方案设计,对重点患者实施治疗药物监测,指导合理用药,收集药物,建立药学信息系统,提供用药咨询服务等[1].     

改进药学管理系统适应医院药学的发展要求

医院药学的发展促使药剂科的工作重心从保障药品供应向以病人为中心的药学服务转变。现有医院管理系统中的药学管理系统(模块)的核心内容是药品的进、销、存,即物流、资金流的管理,为适应医院药学的发展要求,药学管理系统统需要进行改进和创新。本文从药学服务工作的三个发展方向:医院内药学信息服务、临床药师开展药学监护等工作、改进门诊和住院药品的发药模式,阐述了药学管理系统可以实现的改进和创新。     

"临床药师制"--医院药学工作的一项重要制度

卫生部、中医药管理局联合发出的《医疗机构药师管理暂行规定》中明确提出医院应逐步建立临床药师制，这是一项符合现代医院要求的举措。现代医院呼唤临床药师，医生、护士需要临床药师，广大患者期盼临床药师。建立临床药师制将改变医院药学面貌，使医院药学尽快从供应型向服务型转换。临床药师制也是医院专业建设和发展的一项重要制度，医院管理者对此应有全新观念和超前意识，把临床药师制作为建设医院的重要课题提上日程，创造条件，争取早日实现。     

基于HL7标准的居民健康档案研究

目的随着医疗信息化的不断深入,医院内以及区域医疗信息共享已成为全球医疗卫生信息化的发展趋势。为临床医学科研提供更为准确和高效的信息检索与分析功能,是居民健康档案未来的发展方向。方法本文基于HL7（Health Level7）标准及可扩展标记语言（extensible markup language,XML）技术,在介绍居民健康档案功能和特点基础上,分析了健康档案的数据模型设计和实现方案,包括数据存储模式、XML存储方式选型、数据库选型等。结果通过运用XML技术和HL7标准的数据转换,可实现医院内部多个系统的无缝集成。结论在实际应用中,基于HL7标准的居民健康档案可以较好地保证数字化医疗信息的完整性、一致性,实现医疗信息共享。     

Efficient management of multi-version clinical guidelines

Clinical medicine and health-care developments in recent years testified a tremendous increase in the number of available guidelines, i.e., “best practices” encoding and standardizing care procedures for a given disease. Clinical guidelines are subject to continuous development and revision by committees of expert physicians and health authorities and, thus, multiple versions coexist as a consequence of the clinical and healthcare activities. Moreover, several alternatives are usually included in order to make the guidelines as general as possible, making them difficult to handle both in manual and automated fashions. In this work, we will introduce techniques to model and to provide efficient personalized access to very large collections of multi-version clinical guidelines, which can be stored both in textual and in executable format in an XML repository. In this way, multiple temporal perspectives, patient profile and context information can be used by an automated personalization service to efficiently build on demand a guideline version tailored to a specific use case.     

Medical support system for continuation of care based on XML web technology.

In this paper, the implementation of an Internet-based telematic service for medical support is presented, which was developed and operated in pilot form within the INTRANET HEALTH CLINIC project--a 2-year project supported by the European Commission under the Health Telematics Programme. The aim of the application is to offer high quality care to users of health services over inexpensive communication pathways, using Internet-based, interactive communication tools, like remote access to medical records and transmission of multimedia information. The XML technology was employed to achieve customised views on patient data, according to the access rights of different user profiles. Strict security and access control policy were implemented to ensure secure transmission of medical data through the Internet. The system was designed to collaborate with existing clinical patient record systems and to be adjustable to different medical applications. Current implementations include the fields of Oncology, Lupus Erythrematosis, Obstetrics and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease. The results of the pilot operation with oncological patients in Greece were encouraging, so that the refining of the system and its expansion to a large number of patients is already in progress.     

Non-invasive lightweight integration engine for building EHR from autonomous distributed systems

In this paper we describe Pangea-LE, a message-oriented lightweight data integration engine that allows homogeneous and concurrent access to clinical information from disperse and heterogeneous data sources. The engine extracts the information and passes it to the requesting client applications in a flexible XML format. The XML response message can be formatted on demand by appropriate Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) transformations in order to meet the needs of client applications. We also present a real deployment in a hospital where Pangea-LE collects and generates an XML view of all the available patient clinical information. The information is presented to healthcare professionals in an Electronic Health Record (EHR) viewer Web application with patient search and EHR browsing capabilities. Implantation in a real setting has been a success due to the non-invasive nature of Pangea-LE which respects the existing information systems.     

把握医院图书馆期刊信息服务工作的关键环节

通过做好期刊的合理订购、提高人员素质、期刊服务手段的优化、加强图书馆网络化建设等方面,论述了医院图书馆期刊信息服务过程中的一些体会。实践证明:医学期刊信息服务工作,必须以专业化科学管理为宗旨,更新观念,加强网络化信息意识,更好的服务于医、教、研。     

住院患者对医院服务态度与服务质量的期望研究

研究住院患者及其家属对医院服务的期望，有利于促进医院服务理念的更新和管理模式的转变．提高医院的服务水平和服务质量。根据目前的研究与临床实践，阐述了患者对医院环境、服务态度和医患关系、服务质量、医疗信息、医疗费用等五个方面的期望。     

Implementing health care systems using XML standards

Most healthcare data is narrative text and often not accessible and easy to find at the clinical workstation. XML related standards (XML schema, XForms, XSL, Topic Maps, etc.) provide an infrastructure that might change the situation. Yet, it is up to the application developers to combine the given standards and tools into a running system. The cost of development is often underestimated and may explain the absence of comprehensive XML applications. Our goal is the clinical application of these standards. We have, therefore, implemented the idea of "plug-and-play XML", i.e. the development of new applications by means of XML standards. This paper will communicate our experience using such an approach at the example of a clinical drug information system.     

基于DICOM标准的增强型体外反搏波形的压缩和存储

随着基于数字影像和通信(digital i maging and communications in medicine,DICOM)标准的体外反搏局域网系统和基于可扩展标记语言(extensible markuplanguage,XML)的远程体外反搏信息系统的建立和完善,体外反搏医学信息正逐步实现数字化的管理和共享。为了节省存储空间和提高传输效率,需要对长时间采集的反搏数据压缩并标准化存储。本文针对具有双通道采集、信号相关性强等特点的增强型体外反搏(enhanced external counterpulsation,EECP)数据设计了改进的模板匹配和快速折线距离阈值拟合(linear approxi mation distance threshol-ding,LADT)变换相结合的压缩算法,并结合DICOM标准定义了压缩波形的私有传输语法,通过调用波形写入模块将压缩数据存储为DICOM格式文件。经过实验和调试,在本EECP实验室中成功实现了EECP采集数据的压缩、解压以及在EECP工作站之间的正确传输和显示。     

Web-based Diagnostic Imaging Service Using XML Forms

Traditionally, radiology has been conceived as a support department providing patient scanning services to the other clinical departments in a hospital. However, recent advancements in networking technology and related information systems such as picture archiving and communication system (PACS) and radiology information system (RIS) provide new opportunities for inventing different types of diagnostic imaging businesses such as teleradiology. In this article, we examined the business processes of currently operating imaging centers and proposed a prototype of an information system that can facilitate their workflows in a more efficient way. The principal component of our proposed system is a report management module built on extensible markup language (XML) technologies that allows much flexibility and convenience for both imaging technicians and radiologists.     

网络环境下医学信息工作的挑战和应对策略

随着Internet的飞速发展,医学信息工作面对着如下挑战:①为用户提供“信息精品”;②信息服务的多层次;③开发医学竞争情报;④服务手段现代化;⑤信息服务网络化。针对这些挑战,本文认为医学信息机构在网络环境下采取的信息服务策略主要有:①网络医药学信息资源集成建设;②面向最终用户,开展知识服务;③拓宽医学信息服务领域,为医药企业提供竞争情报;④面向社会,提供全面的医药学信息服务,如虚拟医学环境与远程医疗等,体现为全民服务的理念。