补肾益气法、活血祛瘀法治疗血管性痴呆的实验研究

目的　研究补肾益气法、活血祛瘀法对血管性痴呆大鼠的治疗作用 ,寻找最佳治疗方案。方法　采用双侧颈总动脉永久性结扎造成血管性痴呆大鼠模型 ,治疗后观察药物对血管性痴呆大鼠学习记忆能力的改善 ,海马CAI区锥体细胞的保护作用。结果　 ( 1)统计学结果表明 ,补肾益气法、活血祛瘀法可以改善血管性痴呆大鼠学习记忆能力 ,与模型组相比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5～ 0 .0 1)。( 2 )组织形态学研究表明 :补肾益气法、活血祛瘀法有减轻缺血对海马CAI区锥体细胞损伤的作用。结论　中药补肾益气法、活血祛瘀法为治疗血管性痴呆大鼠的有效方法 ,其中活血祛瘀法作用更显著。     

安神益智方对AD模型小鼠学习记忆及脑组织NO、AchE含量的影响

目的：观察“安神益智方”对AD模型小鼠学习记忆能力的影响及其脑组织中NO、AchE含量变化。方法：采用AlCl3灌胃制造AD模型小鼠，中药组用“安神益智方”治疗，西药组用脑复康治疗，造模7天后开始灌胃给药。疗程结束时，测AD模型小鼠学习记忆能力的变化及脑组织中NO、NOS及AchE含量。结果：小鼠跳台试验显示，中药能明显减少东莨菪碱所致学习记忆障碍小鼠5min内错误次数，对亚硝酸钠所致小鼠学习记忆巩固障碍有明显的改善作用，有拮抗乙醇所致小鼠学习记忆再现障碍的作用，与西药组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05—0．01）；中药还可降低AD小鼠脑组织中NO、NOS含量及AchE活性，与模型组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05—0．01）。结论：“安神益智方”能增强AD小鼠学习记忆的能力。     

补肾活血方对PCOS大鼠模型卵巢中PAI-1mRNA表达的影响

目的探讨补肾活血方对大鼠PCOS模型卵巢局部纤溶酶原激活物抑制因子-1（PAI—1mRNA）表达的影响。方法选用未成年24d龄SD雌性大鼠60只,随机分为模型组、克罗米酚组、补肾活血方高剂量组、补肾活血方低剂量组、正常对照组5组。用Bogovich法建立大鼠多囊卵巢病理模型。以克罗米酚为对照。用原位杂交法观察补肾活血方对多囊卵巢大鼠局部PAI—1mRNA的影响。结果模型组卵巢局部PAI—1mRNA存在卵泡膜间质细胞显著增高,用补肾活血方高、低剂量与克罗米酚药后,卵巢局部PAI-1mRNA的表达明显降低．差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05、P〈0．01）。补肾活血方高剂量组与克罗米酚组比较,差异具有显著统计学意义（P〈0．01）;低荆量组与克罗米酚组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,补肾活血方高、低剂量组比较,低剂量组卵泡膜间质细胞上PAI-1的基因表达增高更明显,但二者差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论PAI-1mRNA可能与多囊卵巢综合征的发病机制有关。以补肾活血立法的补肾活血方能降低多囊卵巢大鼠局部PAI—1mRNA的显著增高表达．降低PAI—1mRNA卵巢局部的作用。提示补肾活血方可能通过PAI—1mRNA途径促进卵巢排卵的机制。     

补肾活血法治疗输卵管阻塞性不孕症临床观察

目的：比较输卵管介入术配合补肾活血法与单纯输卵管介入术治疗输卵管阻塞性不孕症的疗效。方法：两组均常规行输卵管介入术，并于术后次月再行输卵管通液术。治疗组加服中药补肾活血方，3个月经周期为1个疗程，共4个疗程。疗程结束后统计各组妊娠率。结果：两组治疗后卵泡发育情况、子宫内膜厚度、排卵前期血清雌二醇（E2）值均较本组治疗前有显著性改善（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）；且治疗后治疗组上述指标均优于对照组，两组比较差异有显著性意义。治疗组妊娠率高于对照组，两组比较差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。结论：输卵管介入术配合补肾活血法治疗能明显改善输卵管阻塞性不孕症患者的卵泡发育及子宫内膜生长，且能明显提高其妊娠率。     

补肾活血方对多囊卵巢大鼠卵巢MMP-2，9的表达干预

目的观察补肾活血方对多囊卵巢（PCO）大鼠基质金属蛋白酶-2，9（MMP-2，9）表达的影响，探讨补肾活血方治疗PCO排卵障碍的机理。方法选用未成年24日龄SD雌性大鼠60只，随机分为模型对照组、西药对照组、补肾活血方高剂量组、补肾活血方低剂量组、正常对照组共5组，每组12只。建立大鼠PCO病理模型，采用原位杂交法检测各组卵巢组织中MMP-2，9基因的表达水平。结果经图象分析和统计处理，各组大鼠卵巢中卵泡的颗粒细胞和发育良好的卵泡膜细胞中均可检测到MMP-2和MMP-9的杂交信号。模型组MMP-2与MMP-9表达强度明显超过正常组、补肾活血方高剂量组、补肾活血方低剂量组及西药对照组（P〈0．05）；补肾活血方高剂量组MMP-2与MMP-9的表达接近正常组（P〉0．05）；补肾活血方低剂量组、，西药对照组与正常组相比，MMP-2与MMP-9的表达均较正常组高（P〈0．05）；补肾活血方低剂量组与西药对照组MMP-2与MMP-9的表达强度相似，但均超过补肾活血方高剂量组的表达强度（P〈0．01）。结论MMPs的过度表达可能是卵巢排卵障碍的关键因素，提示MMPs参与了卵巢排卵过程；大鼠PCO动物模型卵巢局部MMP-2，9异常高表达与PCO大鼠卵巢排卵障碍有关，补肾活血方通过抑制MMP-2，9的异常高表达，从而发挥治疗多囊卵巢排卵障碍的作用，这可能是其促进卵巢排卵的机制之-。     

活血渗湿方预防肝纤维化疗效实验研究

目的 观察活血渗湿方对实验性肝纤维化大鼠预防的动态疗效。方法 利用四氯化碳诱导形成大鼠肝纤维化模型,设正常对照组、活血渗湿方预防组和模型对照组。造模开始即对活血渗湿方预防组给予活血渗湿方进行预防,分别在第1、2、4、6、10周随机抽取预防组和模型组大鼠各一组处死进行对比研究。结果 血清HA、病理组织学分级结果均显示模型组大鼠从第6周开始同正常组比较差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）;Hyp结果显示模型组大鼠从第4周开始同正常组比较差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01）;活血渗湿方预防组与同期模型组从第6周开始血清HA比较差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01）;活血渗湿方预防组与同期模型组从第4周开始Hyp结果比较差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01）。活血渗湿方预防组与同期模型组在肝纤维化形成过程病理组织学分级比较均差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05、P〈0．01）;结论 活血渗湿方具有显著的预防实验性大鼠肝纤维化作用。     

补肾益智方对老年性痴呆模型动物定位航行学习记忆功能的改善作用

目的：观察补肾益智方改善老年性痴呆（AD）模型大鼠定位航行学习记忆功能的作用强度。方法：用15月龄老年Wistar大鼠80只,ip D-半乳糖4周加上鹅膏蕈氨酸（ibotenic acid,IBO）脑内Meynert核注射制造AD模型,随机分成AD模型组,双益平治疗对照组,补肾益智方高、低剂量治疗组,正常老年组和正常青年组。动物经治疗处理4周后,应用Morris水迷宫检测大鼠学习记忆的改善情况。结果：模型组5d的平均定位航行试验逃避潜伏期比正常（青年、老年）组明显延长（P＜0．05）,与模型组比较,正常青年组、正常老年组、补肾益智方高剂量组明显缩短（P＜0．05）,而补肾益智方低剂量组、双益平对照组缩短差异不显著（P＞0．05）;随着行为训练的进行,各组逃避潜伏期都有一定程度的下降,但模型组的逃避潜伏期下降速率要慢于其它组,表明模型组学习记忆能力较差,而正常青年组、正常老年组、补肾益智方高剂量组逃避潜伏期下降的速率较快,其次是补肾益智方低剂量组和双益平组。经每日两两比较发现：正常青年组、正常老年组、补肾益智方高剂量组与模型组在第2、3、4天有显著性差异（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）;而补肾益智方低剂量组和双益平组虽然有差异,但无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论：补肾益智方能明显改善AD大鼠定位航行学习记忆功能。     

P53、Noxa在血管性痴呆大鼠海马CA1区中表达及意义

目的观测P53、Noxa在血管性痴呆大鼠海马CA1区表达,探讨血管性痴呆的发病机制。方法经Morris水迷宫筛选出学习记忆能力处于正常值范围的雄性SD大鼠24只,随机分为假手术组和模型组（各12只）,采用双侧颈总动脉结扎法制备血管性痴呆大鼠模型,手术后2个月用Morris水迷宫观测各组大鼠在空间学习记忆方面的变化,HE染色观察各组大鼠海马CA1区锥体细胞形态学变化,免疫荧光染色检测P53、Noxa在海马CA1区锥体细胞的表达。结果模型组大鼠相对假手术组大鼠平均逃避潜伏期延长（P〈0．01）,空间记忆能力减退（P〈0．01）,海马CA1区神经细胞凋亡明显,P53、Noxa在海马CA1区表达的阳性细胞数明显升高（P〈0．05）,且直线相关分析显示Noxa的表达与P53的表达呈正相关（P〈0．01）。结论海马CA1区P53和Noxa的表达升高在血管性痴呆发病机制中起重要作用。     

补肾活血中药治疗膝骨性关节炎23例疗效观察

目的：观察补肾活血中药治疗膝骨性关节炎的临床疗效。方法：50例病例均为我院住院患者,在治疗过程中有3例病例出现不良反应而终止治疗,治疗后有1例失访,最终完成全部观察的病例共46例。随机分为两组,每组43例。对照组采用基来昔布治疗,治疗组采用补肾活血中药治疗。结果：两组病例治疗后各项治疗指标均较治疗前明显改善,与同组治疗前比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。治疗组治疗后在改善功能积分、直腿抬高时间方面优于对照组（P〈0．05）,而对照组治疗后在改善疼痛尺评分、疼痛积分方面优于治疗组（P〈0．05）。结论：补肾活血中药和塞来昔布对膝骨性关节炎均有明显疗效。以膝关节功能障碍及股四头肌肌力降低为主,且不能忍受NSAIDS药物的患者应选择补肾活血中药,而疼痛为主要症状的患者．应选择塞来昔布治疗。     

葛根素对铝致痴呆模型小鼠学习记忆及海马SOD、MDA水平的影响

目的探讨葛根素（Pur）对铝中毒所致的痴呆模型小鼠记忆能力的影响及机制。方法给小鼠连续注射AlCl3建立AD模型,用Morris水迷宫法测试小鼠的空间记忆能力,用黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定海马SOD活力,以硫代巴比妥酸法测定海马MDA含量。结果与正常对照组相比,模型组海马SOD活力[（32．11±18．53）U／mg prot]下降（P〈0．01）、MDA含量[（3．94±0．61）nmol／mg prot]上升（P〈0．01）,同时伴有水迷宫成绩的损害。与模型组比较,Pur中、高剂量组海马SOD活力[（58．63±17．92）U／mg prot,（61．29±19．47）U／mg prot]上升（P〈0．01）、MDA含量[（2．93±0．31）nmol／mg prot,（2．89±0．45）nmol／mg prot]下降（P〈0．01）,Pur低剂量组海马SOD活力[（49．74±16．37）U／mg prot]上升（P〈0．05）,Pur中、高剂量组对水迷宫成绩的改善作用优于低剂量组。结论Pur能改善铝中毒所致的痴呆模型小鼠记忆能力,其作用机制可能与其抗氧化作用有关。     

Solid and liquid state characterization of tetrahydrocurcumin using XRPD,FT-IR,DSC, TGA,LC-MS,GC-MS,and NMR and its biological activities

Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) is one of the major metabolites of curcumin (CUR), an ancient bioactive natural polyphenolic compound. This research article describes both the solid and liquid state characterization of THC using advanced spectroscopic and thermo-analytical techniques. Anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and neuroprotective activities of THC were investigated using in vitro cell lines. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that our sample comprised 95.15% THC, 0.51% tetrahydrodemethoxycurcumin (THDC), 3.40% hexahydrocurcumin, and 0.94% octahydrocurcumin. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis indicated the presence of 96.68% THC and 3.32% THDC. THC in solution existed as keto-enol tautomers in three different forms at different retention time, but the enol form was found to be dominant, which was also supported by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. THC was thermally stable up to 335.55 °C. THC exhibited more suppression of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and MIP-1α) than CUR in a concentration-dependent manner in mouse splenocytes, while NK-cell and phagocytosis activity was increased in macrophages. THC showed a significant reduction of free radicals (LPO) along with improved antioxidant enzymes (SOD and catalase) and increased free radical scavenging activity against ABTS⁺ radicals in HepG2 cells. THC displayed higher protection capability than CUR from oxidative stress and neuronal damage by improving cell viability against H₂O₂ induced HepG2 cells and MPP⁺ induced SH-SY5Y cells, respectively, in a concentration-dependent manner. Thus, a variation of the biological activities of THC might rely on its keto-enol form and the presence of other THC analogs as impurities. The present study could be advantageous for further research on THC for better understanding its physicochemical properties and biological variation.     

蝌蚪中铜、锌、镁、铁、钙含量测定

目的 :探讨蝌蚪的化学成分。方法 :用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定蝌蚪中无机元素的含量。结果 :蝌蚪中的无机元素铜、锌、镁、铁、钙的质量分数分别为 :0 .0 72mg·g-1、0 .12 4mg·g-1、3.316mg·g-1、5 .776mg·g-1和31.5 1mg·g-1。结论 :蝌蚪中无机元素钙的含量很高     

试从《伤寒论》干姜附子汤方证谈中医药学的理法方药与剂工质效

依据<伤寒论>干姜附子汤方证,初步探讨了中医学的理、法、方、药与中药学的剂、工、质、效.认为干姜附子汤方证反映了中医时间医学的精华,提示了症状排除法的诊断方法 ,树立了应用小方的典范,引导了后世"火神派"的形成,指引着中药药剂学的研究思路,鞭策着中药的质量管理模式及疗效.认真学习干姜附子汤方证,对于继承仲景之学,探讨中医药学系统工程的关键问题,推动中医药学术与事业的发展,都有重要意义.     

Database Application of Digital Medical X-rays and Labs: Computerization,Storage, Retrieval,Interpretation, and Distribution

Stenter lets the health care worker order an X-ray that is produced as a computer image rather than on flat film. The health care provider can be in any location with the correct equipment, and view the digital image. The dimensions of this discussion are extensive. The cost savings because of reduced media and storage cost is substantial. Health care quality can be improved because of the ability to obtain consultation via telemedicine and the enhanced ability to track medical problems over time via trends. The major downside is the limited cost imbursement system to pay for technology. Unfortunately, this may impact on the improved quality of care. In simple terms someone needs to pay for the technology and the quality of health care needs to be maintained or improved. The real cost to the health care systems needs to be correctly calculated and inappropriate charging kept to a minimum. Specific costs need to be kept in mind and the first is the cost for new staff or staff training. The number of health care providers that are able to read the X-ray can be enlarged remembering that only American Board Certified Radiologists are allowed to give the final recommendation. How do we view the cost of missing something? It could be argued that this risk will be reduced because of improved technology for obtaining the digital X-ray and improved enhancement software. One way to view this situation is to include technology, management, and organization. The cost and benefits occur through the interplay of all three dimensions. The development of digital imaging hardware and artificial intelligence software will demand change in the management and organization. The organization will require changes in its design to accommodate the technology as to support and resources. Management will evolve to include methods for control and monitoring this technology. Business processes and standard operating procedures will change to integrate the technology into the organization in the most effective and efficient manner.