胸膜外孤立性纤维瘤的影像学表现

目的探讨胸膜外孤立性纤维瘤的影像学表现。方法回顾性分析8例经手术病理证实的胸膜外孤立性纤维瘤的CT和MR表现。结果发生于颅内3例、腹部4例、四肢软组织1例。CT均呈密度均匀或不均匀的类圆形、分叶状较高密度的软组织块影,CT值约40.0Hu。MR表现为,T1低或等信号,T2高或低信号。增强后肿瘤实质区明显强化。结论胸膜外孤立性纤维瘤广泛分布,CT呈较高密度软组织影、病灶内T2低信号及较为显著的强化是其特征性表现。     

胸膜孤立性纤维瘤的影像学诊断

目的探讨影像学诊断在胸膜孤立性纤维瘤诊断和鉴别诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析5例经病理证实的胸膜孤立纤维瘤的影像学表现。结果5例中,CT平扫均见肿瘤较大,边界较光整,肿物中央及边缘可见低密度影。其中有1例能见到肿瘤边缘的钙化。增强扫描肿物CT值增加15—40Hu,均匀强化2例,不均匀强化3例。结论胸膜孤立纤维瘸的影像学表现有一定特征性,特别是CT后处理重建对病变的显示及诊断提供了很重要的诊断依据,典型病例可做术前诊断。     

胸膜外孤立性纤维瘤的影像表现

目的:探讨胸膜外孤立性纤维瘤的影像表现,以进一步提高对本病的诊断水平?方法:回顾性分析14例经手术病理证实的胸膜外孤立性纤维瘤的CT及MRI表现,并与病理进行对照?结果:14例中发生于眼眶处3例,肾脏?后腹膜各2例,颅内小脑处?枕部头皮下?胃底部?胰腺?腹膜腔?盆腔?左膝关节各1例?肿瘤直径3~20 cm,CT扫描,病灶为圆形或类圆形,病灶密度与周围软组织比较稍低,病灶较小时密度较均匀,较大时病灶内见囊变区,增强扫描实质部分强化较明显,囊变区不强化?MRI T1WI均为等或稍低信号,T2WI为稍高信号,病灶内囊变区T1WI稍低信号,T2WI为较高信号,增强后病灶实质部分强化明显,囊变区不强化?结论:胸膜外孤立性纤维瘤影像表现为:肿瘤密度相对均匀,边界清楚,较大肿瘤常伴囊变,MRI上T1WI均为等或稍低信号,T2WI为稍高信号,增强后实质部分常较明显强化?     

探析胸部孤立性纤维性肿瘤的 CT 表现及病理特征

目的：探讨胸部孤立性纤维性肿瘤的 CT 表现及病理特征。方法：对15例经手术病理证实的胸部孤立性纤维性肿瘤患者的 CT 表现进行回顾性分析,并将其对免疫组织化学及病理学结果进行对比。结果：孤立性纤维性肿瘤的边缘清晰光滑,10例为胸膜孤立性纤维性肿瘤,3例为肺内孤立性纤维性肿瘤,2例为纵膈孤立性纤维性肿瘤。平扫7例可见斑片状低密度区,增强扫描显示＂地图样＂不均匀明显强化,6例可见包膜,1例肿块内可见强化血管影,3例可见蒂状结构。病理学特征为肿瘤由胶原与梭形细胞以不同比例混合形成细胞疏松区与密集区,血管十分丰富,且管腔出现裂隙变化,免疫组化结果：CD34、Vimentin 均呈阳性。结论：胸部孤立性纤维性肿瘤的 CT 表现具有特异性,需依据免疫组织检查与病理学特征才能确诊。     

CT对少见原发胸膜肿瘤的诊断(附6例报告)

[目的]探讨原发胸膜肿瘤的CT表现并评价CT的诊断价值。[方法]收集2001年至今行CT检查并经病理证实的胸膜原发肿瘤6例,对病变的形态学、范围、邻近结构的侵袭及增强模式分析。[结果]2例胸膜恶性间皮瘤,均见胸膜不规则增厚并伴同侧胸腔积液;2例良性孤立性胸膜纤维瘤,见边界光滑清楚肿物,推移邻近肺组织,增强见明显不均匀强化;1例恶性纤维组织细胞瘤,CT见边界光滑清楚肿物,推移邻近肺组织,增强见明显不均匀强化,并见侵袭肋间肌;1例纤维肉瘤,CT难以确定起源,仅见膈肌与心包间低密度不规则肿物,强化不明显。[结论]CT可清晰显示病变及其侵袭范围,帮助临床分期及评价肿瘤的可切除性。     

2 例腹膜后孤立性纤维瘤的 CT 表现

目的：探讨腹膜后孤立性纤维瘤的CT特征。方法：回顾性分析2例经病理检查证实的腹膜后孤立性纤维 瘤的CT表现,并与病理学结果作对照分析。结果：腹膜后孤立性纤维瘤的CT表现为肿块巨大,境界清楚,轻中度分 叶;平扫呈等或低密度,增强扫描呈轻中度强化或明显强化;动脉期瘤内可见线状、迂曲的血管影,静脉期肿瘤持 续性不均匀强化,并可见强化的包膜。病理学检查肿瘤细胞呈梭形,间质为增生的粗细不均匀的胶原纤维,肿瘤由 细胞密集区和细胞疏松区组成;免疫组织化学特点为CD34和bcl-2阳性。结论：腹膜后孤立性纤维瘤的CT表现具有一 定的特征性,病理形态学及免疫组织化学检查可以明确诊断。     

胸膜孤立性纤维瘤的X线和CT表现

目的:探讨胸膜孤立性纤维瘤(SFTP)的X线和CT表现,重点分析CT表现。方法:回顾性分析经病理证实的SFTP患者8例,均接受CT平扫和增强检查,其中3例同时接受X线检查。结果:本组8例CT均表现为胸腔单发实性肿块,边缘清晰,密度均匀(2例)或不均匀(6例),6例瘤内有坏死,3例见斑点状和条状钙化影,1例见大片状钙化;增强扫描强化明显,均匀强化(2例)或不均匀强化(6例),4例其间可见异常增粗、迂曲血管影。结论:胸膜孤立性纤维瘤的CT表现有一定特征性,并可清晰显示SFTP病灶的大小、形态及周围组织的关系,为临床定位、定性诊断提供重要帮助。     

胸部孤立性纤维瘤的CT诊断和鉴别诊断

目的：探讨胸部孤立性纤维瘤（SFT）的CT表现及鉴别要点。方法回顾性分析20例经病理和（或）免疫组化证实的胸部SFT患者的CT表现和临床资料。结果20例患者中SFT发生在胸膜者18例,其中1例位于叶间裂内;发生在纵隔者1例;发生在肺内者1例。CT平扫14例密度均匀,6例密度欠均匀,内可见低密度区,3例瘤内见斑点状钙化。行增强扫描的15例患者中11例肿块呈轻中度强化,3例肿块呈明显强化,其中4例肿块内出现强化血管影,3例呈特征性的“地图样”强化。18例胸膜SFT中4例可见“尾征”,1例带蒂。结论胸部SFT的CT表现具有一定特征性,结合临床资料和鉴别诊断,可以提高本病的诊断水平。     

胸膜外孤立性纤维瘤影像学表现与病理对照分析

目的探讨胸膜外孤立性纤维瘤（ESFT）的影像学表现,以提高对该病的认识和诊断水平。方法回顾性分析12例经手术、病理证实ESFT的CT及MR表现,并与病理结果进行对照。行CT平扫和增强检查8例,行MR平扫和增强检查4例,同时行CT和MR检查2例。结果12例ESFT发生于腹腔3例,后腹膜、盆腔及大腿各2例,侧脑室、脊柱旁和肾脏各1例。病灶呈圆形或椭圆形7例;形态不规则5例,其中呈塑形生长1例,边缘见分叶2例。肿瘤最大径3.6～22cm（平均9.8cm）。CT平扫主要表现为孤立性软组织肿块影,密度均匀3例,密度不均匀,内见片状低密度影4例,病灶内见出血1例,增强后病灶均匀强化3例,不均匀强化6例,呈地图样改变及延迟强化,呈“快进慢出”改变。MR表现为T1WI呈等低信号影,T2WI等、低或稍高混杂信号,增强后肿瘤实质部分明显持续强化。T2WI可见阴-阳征2例。动脉期肿瘤内部及边缘可见粗大、扭曲血管影5例,CTA、MRA可清晰显示肿瘤供血动脉。结论ESFT的CT和MR表现具有一定特征性,动态增强可提高诊断准确性,但最后确诊仍需依靠病理学及免疫组化。     

孤立性纤维瘤CT表现

目的探讨孤立性纤维瘤(solitary fibrours tumors,SFT)CT表现及病理学特征。方法通过回顾性分析我院2006年3月-2013年12月经手术病理证实的8例孤立性纤维瘤CT表现并复习文献,总结其CT影像特征。结果 MSCT上表现为孤立、边界清楚的单发肿块。CT平扫常表现为均匀的低密度肿块,增强多轻中度强化;肿瘤较大时,常因内部囊变、坏死呈不均匀低密度,强化多呈不均匀地图样强化。结论 MSCT可清晰显示SFT病灶的形态、大小及其周围组织的关系,对SFT的诊断和鉴别诊断具有一定的帮助。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.