螺旋CT对胃癌浸润及转移的诊断价值(英文)

目的评价螺旋 CT 三期增强扫描对胃癌浸润及转移的准确性,并探讨影像学与病理学的内在联系。方法对46例胃癌病人行螺旋 CT 三期增强扫描并与术后病理对照。结果 (1)螺旋 CT 诊断浆膜受侵、淋巴结转移和远处转移的准确性分别为84.8%、87.0%和100%。(2)螺旋 CT 征象中浆膜受侵、淋巴结转移、淋巴结转移站数和远处转移均与病理 TNM 分期密切卡相磁(P<0.05)。结论螺旋 CT 三期增强扫描能较全面、准确地反映胃癌病理特征,是诊断胃癌浸润及转移的可靠影像学方法。     

64排螺旋CT多期增强扫描对进展期胃癌术前评估的价值

目的探讨64排螺旋CT三期增强扫描对进展期胃癌术前评估中的价值。方法选择CT检查前已确诊为胃癌的患者80例,术前行64排螺旋CT三期增强扫描,然后进行病理分期TNM分期,分析螺旋CT与病理分期的效果,并且探讨增强CT对于手术判断的效果。结果CT影像学主要表现为胃壁异常增厚、肿瘤向周围直接侵犯、局部和远处淋巴结转移,CT与病理诊断对比在T分期与N分期上有显著性差异（P〈0．05）,而对M分期对比上无明显差异（P〉0．05）。CT预测治疗方式与临床相符合的敏感度为78．6％,特异性为86．5％,准确率为83．8％。结论多层螺旋CT（MSCT）可较准确地显示胃癌侵犯胃壁的深度、淋巴结转移和远处脏器的转移情况,在胃癌M分期判断上有较高的准确率,能为手术治疗方案选择提供参考。     

螺旋CT增强扫描对进展期胃癌胃周淋巴结转移的研究

目的探讨螺旋CT增强扫描在判定进展期胃癌胃周淋巴结性质上的应用价值.方法应用螺旋CT增强扫描方法对56例进展期胃癌的胃周淋巴结的直径、形态类型等影像特征进行观察,并与术后病理诊断对照,明确与进展期胃癌胃周淋巴结转移相关的生物学行为因素.结果支持以直径9mm作为螺旋CT增强扫描诊断胃周淋巴结转移的直径标准(P＜0.05).多种胃癌生物学行为CT影像特征与癌肿对应淋巴结转移率密切相关(P＜0.05).结论应用螺旋CT增强扫描检查对进展期胃癌的胃周淋巴结性质进行判断,手术方式的确定和综合治疗具有重要意义.     

进展期胃癌浆膜而浸润的多层螺旋CT增强表现与病理对照研究

[目的]评价多层螺旋CT在诊断进展期胃癌浆膜面浸润上的应用价值。[方法]对36例进展期胃癌癌肿浆膜面浸润情况进行多层螺旋CT诊断，并与手术病理对照。[结果]浆膜面粗糙诊断浆膜面受侵的敏感性、特异性和准确度分别为95．24％、69．70％和79．63％；浆膜外脂肪间隙模糊的敏感性、特异性和准确度分别为71．43％、36．36％和50．00％；浆膜面外结节状突出的敏感性、特异性和准确度分别为23．81％、100．0％和70．37％．动脉期癌肿线状强化、不均匀强化和团块状强化的浆膜面受侵率分别为6．67％、34．78％和75．00％；静脉期癌肿线状强化、不均匀强化和团块状强化的浆膜面受侵率分别为6．67％、36．00％和78．57％。[结论]进展期胃癌浆膜面侵犯的CT征象中。浆膜面粗糙诊断敏感性较高，结节状突出的诊断特异性高。胃癌癌肿的强化方式是诊断胃癌浆膜侵犯时应该综合考虑的一个因素。     

螺旋CT增强扫描对胃癌淋巴结多发转移的诊断价值

目的探讨螺旋CT增强扫描在胃癌淋巴结多发转移中的影像特征和诊断价值。方法选取2014年6月至2016年6月间辽宁省朝阳市中心医院收治的50例胃癌患者,采用多排螺旋CT(MSCT)平扫后再行增强双期扫描,以术前CT检查和病理结果作为对照,进行对比分析。结果多层螺旋CT增强扫描诊断胃癌淋巴结转移的特异度为90.0%,敏感度为68.0%,多层螺旋CT诊断符合率为86.0%。多层螺旋CT平扫和增强扫描诊断结果相同者26例,其中CT平扫漏诊10例,误诊4例。多层螺旋CT增强扫描淋巴结转移符合率高于多层螺旋CT平扫,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论增强扫描和CT平扫组合能够清晰显示胃癌转移淋巴结形态、大小,提高检出胃癌类型和阶段的诊断率,值得推广。     

直肠内充气MSCT对直肠癌术前肠系膜浸润及淋巴结转移分期的评估

目的探究直肠内充气多层螺旋CT(MSCT)对直肠癌术前肠系膜浸润及淋巴结转移分期的评估价值。方法选取2013年1月至2016年5月间深圳市龙岗区第六人民医院收治的84例经手术病理确诊的直肠癌患者,均行MSCT检查和常规螺旋CT增强扫描检查,以术后病理结果为金标准,对比两种检查方法诊断正确率。结果 MSCT检查对肠系膜浸润和淋巴结转移诊断准确率分别为90.5%(76/84)和89.3%(75/84),均显著高于常规螺旋CT增强扫描的61.9%(52/84)和64.3%(54/84),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。MSCT检查诊断不同浸润程度的直肠癌术前肠系膜浸润准确性,均显著高于常规螺旋CT增强扫描,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);MSCT检查对直肠癌术前淋巴结转移分期中N0和N1期的诊断准确性均显著高于常规螺旋CT增强扫描,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 MSCT对直肠癌术前肠系膜浸润及淋巴结转移分期的诊断准确性较高,可作为临床上首选的诊断方式。     

进展期胃癌浆膜面浸润的多层螺旋CT增强表现与病理对照研究

[目的]评价多层螺旋CT在诊断进展期胃癌浆膜面浸润上的应用价值。[方法]对36例进展期胃癌癌肿浆膜面浸润情况进行多层螺旋CT诊断,并与手术病理对照。[结果]浆膜面粗糙诊断浆膜面受侵的敏感性、特异性和准确度分别为95.24%、69.70%和79.63%;浆膜外脂肪间隙模糊的敏感性、特异性和准确度分别为71.43%、36.36%和50.00%;浆膜面外结节状突出的敏感性、特异性和准确度分别为23.81%、100.0%和70.37%。动脉期癌肿线状强化、不均匀强化和团块状强化的浆膜面受侵率分别为6.67%、34.78%和75.00%;静脉期癌肿线状强化、不均匀强化和团块状强化的浆膜面受侵率分别为6.67%、36.00%和78.57%。[结论]进展期胃癌浆膜面侵犯的CT征象中,浆膜面粗糙诊断敏感性较高,结节状突出的诊断特异性高。胃癌癌肿的强化方式是诊断胃癌浆膜侵犯时应该综合考虑的一个因素。     

低张水灌肠螺旋CT双期增强扫描对结肠癌术前分期的应用价值

目的探讨低张水灌肠螺旋CT双期增强扫描对结肠癌术前TNM分期的准确性及临床应用价值。方法选择广东省阳春市人民医院2012年1月_2013年5月,有完整影像和病理资料的结肠癌患者62例,回顾性分析CT影像在肿瘤的部位、肠壁侵犯的深度范围、周围脂肪问隙的变化、淋巴结及远处器官转移等特点,并与手术及术后病理对照,分析低张水灌肠螺旋CT双期增强扫描对结肠癌术前TNM分期的准确性。结果低张水灌肠螺旋CT双期增强扫描对结肠癌T分期准确率90．32％（56／62）,N分期准确率80．64％（50／62）,M分期准确率100％（62／62）。结论低张水灌肠螺旋CT双期增强扫描能准确显示结肠癌的部位、确定肿瘤侵犯的深度范围、淋巴结和远处器官转移,更准确的诊断结肠癌和术前分期评估,可以作为结肠癌术前的首选检查方法。     

64层螺旋CT增强扫描对胃癌浸润和转移的诊断价值

目的探讨64层螺旋CT增强扫描对胃癌浸润和转移的诊断价值。方法选择2010年10月至2013年2月收治的120例胃癌患者和120例胃炎患者,两组患者均进行64层螺旋CT常规扫描和增强灌注扫描,观察两组患者的预后。结果螺旋CT常规扫描结果显示,肿块周边呈等密度。增强扫描结果显示,病灶动静脉期均呈明显的均匀强化。试验组患者的BF、BV和PS值均显著高于对照组,而MTT值则显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CT扫描诊断淋巴结转移的敏感度和特异度分别为96.4%和80.0%。相关性分析结果显示,胃癌淋巴结转移患者的死亡率高(P<0.05)。结论 64层螺旋CT增强扫描对胃癌浸润和转移具有较好的诊断价值,能有效判断预后,从而指导临床治疗。     

CT诊断胃癌的临床价值

目的评价CT检查在胃癌诊断中的临床价值.方法43例胃癌均经手术及病理证实,CT图像的分析结果与手术及病理所见进行对照分析.结果CT判断胃周邻近器官受侵的准确性为90.99%,判断肝转移的准确性为88.37%,CT检出肿大淋巴结23例,与手术病理的符合率为71.88%.结论CT有助于进展期胃癌的诊断,对判断胃周壁外侵犯、远处脏器转移、肿大淋巴结的存在具有重要作用.     

64排螺旋CT三期增强扫描判断胃癌淋巴结转移的临床价值

探讨64排螺旋CT三期增强扫描判断胃癌淋巴结转移的指标参数及临床应用价值。方法:确诊为胃癌的患者,术前利用64排螺旋CT三期增强扫描检出胃周围淋巴结,与术后病理结果对照,从淋巴结短径、淋巴结CT值、淋巴结短长径比值、门静脉期与平扫期CT值之差等参数分析确定对判断淋巴结转移有价值的指标。结果:淋巴结门脉期CT值≥65 Hu、淋巴结短径≥6 mm、淋巴结短长径比≥0.6、淋巴结门静脉期与平扫期CT值差≥35 Hu,以上4项中有两项符合要求判断淋巴结转移,敏感性为93.1%,特异性为50%,有三项符合要求判断淋巴结转移,敏感性为73.5%,特异性为75%。结论:64排螺旋CT三期增强扫描综合应用淋巴结的各项指标参数,可以对胃癌胃周围淋巴结是否转移作出比较可靠的判断,为术前制定合理的个性化治疗策略提供参考。      

18F-FDG hPET/CT显像在原发性贲门癌中的应用

背景与目的：dPET／CT检查价格昂贵、而hPET／CT显像检查虽在准确性尚不及dPET，但其性价比较高．有较好的应用前景，本文探讨^18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）双探头hPET／CT显像在原发性贲门癌中的应用价值。方法：26例经组织病理学证实的原发性贲门癌患者进行^18F-FDG双探头hPET／CT显像。图象分析采用视觉及半定量方法，同时与近期CT结果比较。结果：①双探头hPET／CT检出原发性贲门癌的灵敏度为92．3％（24／26例），2例假阴性患者均属印戒细胞癌，原发肿瘤直径〈2cm（T1期）。②19例手术患者中，贲门局部淋巴结转移15例，双探头hPET／CT检出8例，其灵敏度、特异性和准确性分别为71．4％、100％和53．3％，CT检出3例。③双探头hPET／CT检出远处转移7例，CT仅检出3例。结论：^18F-FDG双探头hPET／CT诊断原发性贲门癌较为灵敏，检出贲门局部淋巴结转移和远处转移可能优于CT。因此hPET／CT显像对贲门癌的术前分期和手术方案有一定的指导作用。     

Combination of FDG PET/CT and Contrast-Enhanced MSCT in Detecting Lymph Node Metastasis of Esophageal Cancer

Background: Lymph node metastasis is believed to be a dependent negative prognostic factor of esophagealcancer. To explore detection methods with high sensitivity and accuracy for metastases to regional and distantlymph nodes in the clinic is of great significance. This study focused on clinical application of FDG PET/CT andcontrast-enhanced multiple-slice helical computed tomography (MSCT) in lymph node staging of esophagealcancer. Materials and Methods: One hundred and fifteen cases were examined with enhanced 64-slice-MSCTscan, and FDG PET/CT imaging was conducted for neck, chest and upper abdomen within one week. Theprimary lesion, location and numbers of metastatic lymph nodes were observed. Surgery was performed withinone week after FDG PET/CT detection. All resected lesions were confirmed histopathologically as the goldstandard. Comparative analysis of the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy based on FDG PET/CT and MSCTwas conducted. Results: There were 946 lymph node groups resected during surgery from 115 patients, and221 were confirmed to have metastasis pathologically. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of FDG PET/CT indetecting lymph node metastasis were 74.7%, 97.2% and 92.0%, while with MSCT they were 64.7%, 96.4%, and89.0%, respectively. A significance difference was observed in sensitivity (p=0.030), but not the others (p>0.05).The accuracy of FDG PET/CT in detecting regional lymph node with or without metastasis were 91.9%, ascompared to 89.4% for MSCT, while FDG PET/CT and MSCT values for detecting distant lymph node with orwithout metastasis were 94.4% and 94.7%. No significant difference was observed for either regional or distantlymph node metastasis. Additionally, for detecting para-esophageal lymph nodes metastasis, the sensitivity ofFDG PET/CT was 72%, compared with 54.7% for MSCT (p=0.029). Conclusions: FDG PET/CT is more sensitivethan MSCT in detecting lymph node metastasis, especially for para-esophageal lymph nodes in esophagealcancer cases, although no significant difference was observed between FDG PET/CT and MSCT in detectingboth regional and distant lymph node metastasis. However, enhanced MSCT was found to be of great value indistinguishing false negative metastatic lymph nodes from FDG PET/CT. The combination of FDG PET/CTwith MSCT should improve the accuracy in lymph node metastasis staging of esophageal cancer.     

食管癌淋巴结转移术前CT扫描与术后病理诊断一致性研究

目的 探讨食管癌术前CT扫描诊断淋巴结转移与术后病理结果的一致性,为食管癌放疗靶区勾画提供参考标准.方法 回顾分析本院接受食管癌根治性切除术的618例患者,术前均未行放化疗,术后病理资料完整.均于术前1周在本院行颈、胸、腹部CT检查,将CT图像经网络以数字化形式传输到三维治疗计划系统,并经三维重建成像.观察测量并记录CT诊断淋巴结转移的敏感性、特异性、准确率,与术后病理诊断一致率比较行x2检验或Fisdher's精确法.结果 全组淋巴结转移率为39.2%,下颈及锁上区、上纵隔、中纵隔、下纵隔及上腹区的转移率胸上段分别为3.2%、20.8%、6.4%、2.4%、8.0%,胸中段分别为1.5%、7.8%、22.0%、3.5%、22.8%,胸下段分别为0%、2.0%、21.4%、6.1%、32.7%.术前CT对食管癌淋巴结转移诊断的敏感性、特异性、准确率分别为58.3%、70.7%、65.9%.全组CT诊断0、1、2、≥3个淋巴结转移与术后病理证实转移的一致率分别为72.4%、32.2%、58.3%、73.1%(x2=82.61,P=0.000).胸上段癌中CT诊断无淋巴结转移与术后病理证实的一致率高于1个淋巴结转移与术后病理证实的一致率(85.8%∶36.8%,P=0.000);胸中段癌中CT诊断0、1、2、≥3个淋巴结转移与术后病理的一致率分别为71.1%、30.1%、55.6%、77.8%(x2=55.14,P=0.000).结论 术前CT扫描尚能比较准确地反映食管癌淋巴结转移的分布规律,尤其诊断无淋巴结转移和3个以上淋巴结转移时与术后病理的一致率最高,而诊断1个淋巴结转移时与术后病理的一致率最低,为根治性切除术后放疗的靶区勾画提供一定参考.

Abstract：

Objective To analyze the rule of lymph node metastasis, compare the preoperative computed tomographic findings with pathological diagnosis in thoracic esophageal carcinoma and to evaluate the clinical value. Methods Six hundred and eighteen patients with esophageal carcinoma after radical resection were enrolled. All patients did not receive any preoperative radiotherapy or chemotherapy, having complete information of postoperative pathological reports. CT scanning were applied to all patients in our hospital. The CT image were transmitted to the three-dimensional treatment planning system via the network at digital format and be reconstructed. In which system the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy rates in diagnosis of lymph node metastasis of the preoperative CT image were observed, measured and recorded. x2 test or Fisdher's statistical methods was adopted for comparing the concord rate of preoperative CT scanning with postoperative pathological diagnosis. Results Lymph nodes metastasis were defected in 242 of the 618 treated patients(39.2%), The rate of lymph node metastasis present in lower neck, upper-mediastinum,middle-mediastinum, lower-mediastinum, and superior abdomen regions in upper-thoracic esophageal carcinoma were 3.2% ,20.8% ,6.4% ,2.4% and 8.0%, in middle-thoracic esophageal carcinoma 1.5%,7.8% ,22.0% ,3.5% and 22.8%, and in lower-thoracic esophageal carcinoma 0% ,2.0% ,21.4% ,6.1% and 32.7%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value,younden index and accuracy rates of diagnosis of lymph node metastasis with preoperative CT scan were 58.3%, 70.7%, 56.2%, 72.5%, 29.0% and 65.9%, respectively. The concordance rate of 0, 1, 2 and ≥ 3 lymph node metastasis by preoperative CT scanning with postoperative pathological diagnosis were 72.4%, 32.2% , 58.3% and 73.1%, respectively in whole group(x2 = 82. 61, P = 0.000). The concordance rate of no lymph node metastasis by CT scan comparing with that by postoperative pathological diagnosis was higher than that of the 1 lymph node metastasis in upper-thoracic esophageal carcinoma 3 lymph node metastasis were 71.1%, 30.1%, 55.6% and 77.8%, respectively(x2 =55.14,P =0.000.Conclusions Preoperative CT image can accurately predict the distribution patterns of the lymph node metastasis in esophageal carcinoma. The concordance rate was the highest in diagnosis of 0 and ≥3 lymph node metastasis, the lowest in diagnosis of one lymph node metastasis. These findings are valuable for definition of the target range of radiotherapy after radical resection of esophageal carcinoma.     

胃癌孤立淋巴结转移的影像研究

[目的]评价CT在胃癌孤立淋巴结转移中的诊断作用。[方法]回顾性分析胃癌孤立淋巴结转移患者75例临床资料。[结果]75例患者中,68例淋巴结转移位于胃周（N1）。另有7例患者淋巴结跳跃转移至N2～N3站,CT对孤立淋巴结转移胃癌患者T分期、N分期及M分期的准确率分别为73-3％、78．7％和90％。[结论]并非每个前哨淋巴结都位于胃周原发病灶附近。CT在孤立淋巴结转移胃癌患者TNM分期上的准确性较高。     

The incremental effect of positron emission tomography on diagnostic accuracy in the initial staging of esophageal carcinoma

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the current study was to assess whether [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) provides incremental value (e.g., additional information on lymph node involvement or the presence of distant metastases) compared with computed tomography (CT) in patients with esophageal carcinoma. METHODS: The authors examined 149 consecutive patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma. Eighty-one patients underwent radical esophagectomy without pretreatment, 17 received chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery, 3 underwent endoscopic mucosal resection, and the remaining 48 patients received definitive radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The diagnostic accuracy of FDG-PET and CT was evaluated at the time of diagnosis. RESULTS: The primary tumor was visualized using FDG-PET in 119 (80%) of 149 patients. Regarding lymph node metastases, FDG-PET had 32% sensitivity, 99% specificity, and 93% accuracy for individual lymph node group evaluation and 55% sensitivity, 90% specificity, and 72% accuracy for lymph node staging evaluation. PET exhibited incremental value over CT with regard to lymph node status in 14 of 98 patients who received surgery: 6 patients with negative CT findings were eventually shown to have lymph node metastases (i.e., they had positive PET findings and a positive reference standard [RS]); 6 patients with positive CT findings were shown not to have lymph node metastases (i.e., they had negative PET findings and a negative RS); and 2 patients were shown to have cervical lymph node metastases in addition to mediastinal or abdominal lymph node metastases. Among the remaining patients, PET showed incremental value over CT with regard to distant organ metastases in six patients. The overall incremental value of PET compared with CT with regard to staging accuracy was 14% (20 of 149 patients). CONCLUSIONS: FDG-PET provided incremental value over CT in the initial staging of esophageal carcinoma. At present, combined PET-CT may be the most effective method available for the preoperative staging of esophageal tumors.     

多层螺旋CT在直肠癌术前分期中的诊断价值

背景与目的:直肠癌术前分期对选择合理治疗方案和判断预后至关重要。传统的计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT)对直肠癌术前分期存在争议,本研究旨在探讨多层螺旋CT(multislice spiral CT,MSCT)对直肠癌术前分期的诊断价值。方法:中山大学肿瘤防治中心2006年3月至2007年2月,经病理证实的直肠癌患者87例,所有患者术前行MSCT平扫及增强扫描,由两位放射科医生独立评价肿瘤的部位、大小、侵犯范围(T)、淋巴结转移(N)及远处转移(M)情况,做出诊断及TNM分期,并与术后病理对照,评价准确性、灵敏度及特异度。结果:MSCT检出了全部87例直肠癌,对直肠癌TNM分期总的准确性为81.6%(71/87)。T、N、M期准确性分别为94.3%(82/87)、82.8%(72/87)、98.9%(86/87)。≤T2、T3、T4期灵敏度分别为90.5%、91.3%、97.7%,特异度分别为98.5%、94.2%、97.7%。N0、N1、N2期灵敏度分别为92.9%、72.0%、82.4%,特异度分别为88.9%、88.5%、91.7%。远处转移的患者仅1例因肝脏转移灶<5mm而漏诊。结论:MSCT能较准确地判断直肠癌的侵犯范围、淋巴结转移及远处转移,是非常有价值的术前分期方法。     

多层螺旋CT灌注成像对胃癌血管通透性评估的价值

目的:探讨多层螺旋CT(multi-slice spiral CT,MSCT)灌注成像对胃癌血管通透性评估的价值。方法:对30例活检证实的胃癌患者术前行多层螺旋CT灌注成像,扫描图像经ADW4.0工作站处理,计算得到胃癌组织的表面通透性(permeability surface,PS)值,并分析其与胃癌临床病理特征和CT征象(CT轴位图像上瘤周低密度带厚度、肿瘤最大径和厚度)的关系。结果:胃癌病灶的PS值与淋巴结转移、TNM分期、组织学类型和肿瘤最大径均密切相关(P均<0.05),而与浸润深度、远处转移、性别、患者年龄和肿瘤部位无关。同时,胃癌PS值与CT轴位图像上瘤周低密度带厚度(r=0.417,P<0.05)和肿瘤最大径(r=0.557,P<0.01)均呈线性相关,而与肿瘤厚度无关。受试者工作特征(ROC)分析显示,胃癌PS值对胃癌组织学类型(分化型/未分化型)和TNM分期(Ia~IIIa/IIIb~IV)判断的准确率均较高[ROC曲线下面积(Az)分别为0.79和0.78]。结论:多层螺旋CT灌注成像对胃癌血管通透性的评估具有较大的临床应用价值。