颅内宽颈动脉瘤破裂急性期LVIS支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗

目的探讨颅内宽颈动脉瘤破裂出血急性期应用LVIS支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗的策略。方法回顾2017年1月—2019年12月应用LVIS支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞的17例颅内宽颈动脉瘤破裂(共19个动脉瘤)患者资料。栓塞术前阿司匹林和氯吡格雷各300mg口服或肛门给药,术中常规体内肝素化。采用Raymond分级标准评价栓塞效果。术后口服阿司匹林(100 mg/日,持续6个月),氯吡格雷(75 mg/d,持续3个月)。临床治疗效果评估采用改良Rankin量表(modified Rankin Scale,mRS),0～2级属预后良好。结果 17例患者支架均完全释放,技术成功率100%。栓塞后即刻造影均显示完全填塞。在栓塞治疗中有2例(11.8%)患者发生颅内血管栓塞,经微导管注入替罗非班5～10 m L后血管再通。1例术后因呼吸衰竭而死亡。1例术后因急性心梗死亡。存活患者预后mRS 0分5例,1分3例,2分6例,3分1例。预后良好率88.2%。无支架相关不良事件发生。结论 LVIS支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞急性期破裂宽颈动脉瘤可获得良好的栓塞效果,但围手术期风险及远期疗效有待于进一步大样本随访研究。     

Neuroform支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞颅内宽颈动脉瘤长期疗效分析

目的评价使用Neuroform支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤术后的长期疗效。方法 8例Neuroform支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞颅内宽颈动脉瘤患者均在术后3年以上接受DSA下全颈脑血管造影检查。结果 8例患者均未发现支架内狭窄迹象,动脉瘤体完全无显影,1例未致密填塞患者有动脉瘤颈轻度复发迹象。结论 Neuroform支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞颅内宽颈动脉瘤术式有效、可行,长期效果良好,长期术后并发症发生率低。     

Neuroform支架辅助栓塞颅内宽颈动脉瘤的应用

近十余年来,血管内支架已被成功地应用于颅内血管病的治疗中,并取得了可靠的效果。血管内支架在颅内动脉瘤特别是宽颈动脉瘤的治疗中,起着“栅栏”作用,可以防止弹簧圈突入载瘤动脉,使弹簧圈在瘤内达到致密填塞,从而改变瘤内血流动力学,促进血栓的形成,防止动脉瘤再出血。血管内支架的出现,为这类动脉瘤的治疗提供了新的思路,特别是Neuroform颅内专用支架的问世及其结合电解可脱卸弹簧圈(Guglielmi detechable coil,GDC)在临床的应用,给复杂动脉瘤特别是颅内宽颈动脉瘤的治疗带来了新的曙光。     

Solitaire支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞颅内宽颈动脉瘤的临床分析

目的总结Solitaire支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞颅内宽颈动脉瘤的经验。方法回顾性分析24例颅内宽颈动脉瘤病例资料,共27个动脉瘤,均应用Solitaire支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞技术进行治疗。结果支架一次性到位17个,通过调整后到位10个。完全致密栓塞20个,大部分栓塞5个,部分栓塞2个。1例基底夹层动脉瘤术后复发,其他病例术后恢复良好。术后无与支架相关的并发症。结论 Solitaire支架辅助栓塞宽颈动脉瘤的近期观察是安全有效的。     

LVIS支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞在颅内宽颈破裂动脉瘤治疗中的应用

目的分析低剖面可视化腔内支撑装置（LVIS）支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞在颅内宽颈破裂动脉瘤治疗应用中的安全性和有效性。 方法回顾性分析南昌大学第二附属医院神经外科自2016年7月至2017年7月收治的行LVIS支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗的43例颅内宽颈破裂动脉瘤伴蛛网膜下腔出血患者。采用改良Raymond分级标准评价术后即刻的栓塞结果以及术后6个月第1次的动脉瘤随访闭塞程度;采用改良Rankin评分（mRs）评估患者预后疗效情况。 结果43例颅内宽颈破裂动脉瘤伴蛛网膜下腔出血患者动脉瘤共47枚,其中2例（4.6%）患者为多发动脉瘤,均成功栓塞。43例动脉瘤患者中1例（2.3%）出现术中动脉瘤破裂出血,2例（4.6%）术中出现支架内急性血栓;术后即刻闭塞情况：Ⅰ级栓塞35例（81.4%）,Ⅱ级6例（13.9%）,Ⅲ级2例（4.7%）;术后6个月随访结果：Ⅰ级栓塞40例（93.0%）,Ⅱ级2例（7.0%）,1例（2.3%）复发,后期予再栓塞治疗;术后1年mRs评分为0~2分有41例（95.3%）。 结论LVIS支架辅助下栓塞颅内宽颈破裂动脉瘤是安全、有效的治疗方法,但长期疗效仍需要进一步验证。     

solitaire支架辅助栓塞颅内宽颈动脉瘤的临床观察

目的探讨solitaire支架辅助栓塞颅内宽颈动脉瘤的临床方法及治疗效果。方法回顾分析我院应用的soli-taire支架辅助栓塞15例颅内宽颈动脉瘤的临床资料。结果术中支架均顺利到位,放置位置满意,即刻血管造影致密栓塞12例,次全栓塞3例,支架释放位置满意。结论 solitaire支架辅助栓塞颅内宽颈动脉瘤具有操作简单,栓塞率高的特点,为宽颈动脉瘤的栓塞提供了一种新的方法。     

两种支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内破裂宽颈动脉瘤的疗效及预后对比

目的 观察两种不同支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞（CE）治疗颅内破裂宽颈动脉瘤（IWA）的疗效及预后。方法 选取巴中市中心医院108例颅内破裂IWA患者,按随机数字表法分为LVIS组（54例,LVIS支架辅助CE治疗）、Enterprise组（54例,Enterprise支架辅助CE治疗）,比较2组栓塞效果、脑血管反应性（CVR）、预后情况以及术后并发症与IWA复发情况。结果 2组患者术后即刻栓塞率比较无统计学差异（P>0.05）,但LVIS组术后6个月栓塞率高于Enterprise组（P<0.05）;治疗后2组屏气后动脉平均血流流速及屏气指数均有提高,但组间对比无统计学差异（P>0.05）;治疗后2组患者改良Rankin量表、日常生活活动能力量表评分均有所提高,但组间对比无统计学差异（P>0.05）;术后6个月内LVIS组并发症发生率3.70%,Enterprise组为9.26%,2组相比无统计学差异（P>0.05）;LVIS组IWA复发率（0）低于Enterprise组（7.41%）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 LVIS支架、Enterprise...     

支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞术治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤

目的总结支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞术治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的体会。方法回顾性分析2010-03—2012-03湖南省人民医院神经内科经支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞术治疗的颅内宽颈动脉瘤患者32例。结果 32例支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞术的动脉瘤,26例完全栓塞,6例大部分栓塞,其中2例发生大面积脑梗死,1例死亡。结论支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞术治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤是安全、有效的临床技术,但须术前充分评估支架植入后对血流动力学的改变及对血管走形的可能影响。     

Neuroform Atlas支架辅助弹簧圈治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的初步应用

目的初步探讨Neuroform Atlas支架辅助弹簧圈治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的疗效及安全性。方法回顾性分析2020年8—12月郑州大学人民医院神经外科应用Neuroform Atlas支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗的64例颅内宽颈动脉瘤患者(67个动脉瘤)的临床资料。其中10例患者(12个动脉瘤)同时采用尾端套叠式"Y"型支架技术治疗。术后3个月进行临床随访,采用改良Rankin量表评分(mRS)评估患者的临床预后。术后5~6个月复查数字减影血管造影(DSA),采用Raymond分级评估动脉瘤的闭塞情况。结果67个动脉瘤置入的74枚Neuroform Atlas支架均成功释放,术中发生操作相关并发症1例。67个动脉瘤的术后即刻DSA显示,56个(83.6%)动脉瘤完全闭塞(RaymondⅠ级),4个(6.0%)动脉瘤瘤颈残留(RaymondⅡ级),7个(10.4%)动脉瘤瘤体残留(RaymondⅢ级)。术后1例患者因脑疝死亡,2例发生脑梗死。术后失访3例,60例患者完成3个月随访,其中mRS 0分53例,1分4例,2分2例,3分1例。术后5~6个月,53例患者(55个动脉瘤)完成影像学随访,其中动脉瘤闭塞达RaymondⅠ级50个(90.9%),Ⅱ级2个(3.6%),Ⅲ级3个(5.5%),且均未发现支架内狭窄或迟发性血栓事件。结论初步发现,Neuroform Atlas支架辅助弹簧圈治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤具有较高的闭塞率和较低的并发症发生率,有效性及安全性均较好。     

激光雕刻/编织支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞绝对宽颈破裂动脉瘤的疗效对比

目的 比较研究编织支架和激光雕刻支架辅助栓塞颅内破裂动脉瘤的疗效及优缺点。方法 回顾性分析60例颅内破裂宽颈动脉瘤的临床资料,根据支架的制造工艺分为编织支架组（n=30）与激光雕刻支架组（n=30）。统计分析两组患者术前一般资料、围术期并发症、术后即刻Raymond分级、术后随访Raymond分级及预后情况。结果 编织支架组的预后良好率90.0%高于激光雕刻支架组的73.3%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,编织支架组和激光雕刻支架组远期闭塞率I级分别为90%、63.3%,II级分别为6.7%、10.0%,和Ⅲ级分别为3.3%、26.7%,两组间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。两组患者年龄,性别比,术前Hunt-Hess改良分级,动脉瘤位置（编织支架组大脑前动脉4例、大脑中动脉10例、颈内动脉11例、椎基底动脉5例;激光雕刻支架组大脑前动脉5例、大脑中动脉8例、颈内动脉13例、椎基底动脉4例）,术后即刻Raymond分级及术中血栓形成,术后脑梗死,术中动脉瘤再破裂比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 编织支架和激光雕刻支架辅助栓塞颅内破裂宽颈动脉瘤均是安全有效的,编织支架远期的栓塞程度更好及预后更佳,且围术期并发症无明显差异。     

In-Stent Stenosis of Stent Assisted Endovascular Treatment on Intracranial Complex Aneurysms

Objective

To introduce the frequency and segment analysis of in-stent stenosis for intracranial stent assisted endovascular treatment on complex aneurysms.

Methods

A retrospective study was performed in 158 patients who had intracranial complex aneurysms and were treated by endovascular stent application with or without coil embolization. Of these, 102 patients were evaluated with catheter based angiography after 6, 12, and 18 months. Aneurysm location, using stent, time to stenosis, stenosis rate and narrowing segment were analyzed.

Results

Among follow-up cerebral angiography done in 102 patients, 8 patients (7.8%) were shown an in-stent stenosis. Two patients have unruptured aneurysm and six patients have ruptured one. Number of Neuroform stents were 7 cases (7.5%) and Enterprise stent in 1 case (11.1%). Six patients demonstrated in-stent stenosis at 6 months after stent application and remaining two patients were shown at 12 months, 18 months, respectively.

Conclusion

In-stent stenosis can be confronted after intracranial stent deployment. In our study, no patient showed symptomatic stenosis and there were no patients who required to further treatment except continuing antiplatets medication. In-stent stenosis has been known to be very few when they are placed into the non-pathologic parent artery during the complex aneurysm treatment, but the authors found that it was apt to happen on follow up angiography. Although the related symptom was not seen in our cases, the luminal narrowing at the stented area may result the untoward hemodynamic event in the specific condition.     

Complications of Neuroform Stent in Endovascular Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms

Background  The Neuroform stent can help in the treatment of difficult, wide-necked intracranial aneurysms. The objective of our study is to report some of the challenges associated with the Neuroform stent in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Methods  From January 2003 to August 2006, consecutive patients treated with Neuroform stent for intracranial aneurysms were prospectively enrolled. Information on patient demographics, cerebrovascular risk factors, aneurysm size and location were collected. Technical and clinical complications as well as clinical outcomes were measured. Data were analyzed retrospectively using SPSS software version 11.5. Results  Successful deployment of the stent, in the target artery, was achieved in 65/67 (97%) patients. Stent deployment failed in two cases and the migration of stent developed in one during coiling. Postoperative thromboembolic events developed in three patients. These three patients possessed hyperactive platelets, and were treated with intravenous eptifibatide. Intraoperative rupture of aneurysm developed in one patient, which was secured by subsequent coiling. Majority of the patients had good outcomes GOS (Glasgow Outcome Score) 1 or NIHSS (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale) 0 in 63/67 (94%), GOS 2 or NIHSS 2 in one patient and GOS 3 or NIHSS 4 was observed in three cases. Conclusion  Despite a low rate of intraoperative complications, post-procedural thromboembolic events were common in Neuroform stent-treated patients, which might be associated with hyperactive platelets. Further studies are warranted to identify any potential relationship between post-stent hyperactive platelets and thromboembolism.     

血管内治疗床突旁未破裂颅内动脉瘤的疗效分析

目的 评估血管内治疗床突旁未破裂颅内动脉瘤(unruptured intracranial aneurysm,UIA)的安全性和有效性.方法 回顾性纳入2017年1月-2019年12月于空军军医大学唐都医院神经外科连续收治的床突旁UIA患者.收集患者的基线资料和影像学资料,统计动脉瘤栓塞结果、围手术期并发症发生情况及预...     

Benefits of Surgical Treatment for Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms in Elderly Patients

Objective

Due to longer life spans, patients newly diagnosed with unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) are increasing in number. This study aimed to evaluate how management of UIAs in patients age 65 years and older affects the clinical outcomes and post-procedural morbidity rates in these patients.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed 109 patients harboring 136 aneurysms across 12 years, between 1997 and 2009, at our institute. We obtained the following data from all patients : age, sex, location and size of the aneurysm(s), presence of symptoms, risk factors for stroke, treatment modality, and postoperative 1-year morbidity and mortality. We classified these patients into three groups : Group A (surgical clipping), Group B (coil embolization), and Group C (observation only).

Results

Among the 109 patients, 56 (51.4%) underwent clipping treatment, 25 (23%) patients were treated with coiling, and 28 observation only. The overall morbidity and mortality rates were 2.46% and 0%, respectively. The morbidity rate was 1.78% for clipping and 4% for coiling. Factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, and family history of stroke were correlated with unfavorable outcomes. Two in the observation group refused follow-up and died of intracranial ruptured aneurysms. The observation group had a 7% mortality rate.

Conclusion

Our results show acceptable favorable outcome of treatment-related morbidity comparing with the natural history of unruptured cerebral aneurysm. Surgical clipping did not lead to inferior outcomes in our study, although coil embolization is generally more popular for treating elderly patients. In the treatment of patients more than 65 years old, age is not the limiting factor.     

支架辅助弹簧圈治疗颅内复杂动脉瘤

目的探讨支架辅助弹簧圈治疗颅内复杂动脉瘤的方法和疗效。方法本组17例复杂颅内动脉瘤,1例采用2枚支架重叠置入动脉瘤段载瘤动脉内,16例经支架网眼送入弹簧圈行瘤腔栓塞。结果17例置入支架20枚,其中1例栓塞后出现肢体轻度麻木无力,对症处理后恢复;7例夹层动脉瘤和1例梭形动脉瘤疏松填塞。随访6￣24个月。DSA复查,示8例动脉瘤消失,1例发现置入支架上段又出现夹层动脉瘤,再次置入支架1枚及弹簧圈栓塞后,动脉瘤消失。1例置入2枚支架者1年后MRA复查示动脉瘤缩小70%。1例栓塞后2个月出现短暂性脑缺血发作者,行TCD检查,发现支架段血管狭窄,服抗凝药继续观察;其余6例行MRA、CTA检查未见动脉瘤复发。结论支架辅助弹簧圈治疗颅内复杂动脉瘤是行之有效的方法。     

The Merits of Endovascular Coil Surgery for Patients with Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms

Objective

The purpose of this study was to report the morbidity, mortality, angiographic results, and merits of elective coiling of unruptured intracranial aneurysms.

Methods

Ninety-six unruptured aneurysms in 92 patients were electively treated with detachable coils. Eighty-one of these aneurysms were located in the anterior circulation, and 15 were located in the posterior circulation. Thirty-six aneurysms were treated in the presence of previously ruptured aneurysms that had already undergone operation. Nine unruptured aneurysms presented with symptoms of mass effect. The remaining 51 aneurysms were incidentally discovered in patients with other cerebral diseases and in individuals undergoing routine health maintenance. Angiographic and clinical outcomes and procedure-related complications were analyzed.

Results

Eight procedure-related untoward events (8.3%) occurred during surgery or within procedure-related hospitalization, including thromboembolism, sac perforation, and coil migration. Permanent procedural morbidity was 2.2% ; there was no mortality. Complete occlusion was achieved in 73 (76%) aneurysms, neck remnant occlusion in 18 (18.7%) aneurysms, and incomplete occlusion in five (5.2%) aneurysms. Recanalization occurred in 8 (15.4%) of 52 coiled aneurysms that were available for follow-up conventional angiography or magnetic resonance angiography over a mean period of 13.3 months. No ruptures occurred during the follow-up period (12-79 months).

Conclusion

Endovascular coil surgery for patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms is characterized by low procedural mortality and morbidity and has advantages in patients with poor general health, cerebral infarction, posterior circulation aneurysms, aneurysms of the proximal internal cerebral artery, and unruptured aneurysms associated with ruptured aneurysm. For the management of unruptured aneurysms, endovascular coil surgery is considered an attractive alterative option.     

Comparative Cost Analysis for Surgical and Endovascular Treatment of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms in South Korea

Objective

A cost comparison of the surgical clipping and endovascular coiling of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs), and the identification of the principal cost determinants of these treatments.

Methods

This study conducted a retrospective review of data from a series of patients who underwent surgical clipping or endovascular coiling of UIAs between January 2011 and May 2014. The medical records, radiological data, and hospital cost data were all examined.

Results

When comparing the total hospital costs for surgical clipping of a single UIA (n=188) and endovascular coiling of a single UIA (n=188), surgical treatment [mean±standard deviation (SD) : ₩8,280,000±1,490,000] resulted in significantly lower total hospital costs than endovascular treatment (mean±SD : ₩11,700,000±3,050,000, p<0.001). In a multi regression analysis, the factors significantly associated with the total hospital costs for endovascular treatment were the aneurysm diameter (p<0.001) and patient age (p=0.014). For the endovascular group, a Pearson correlation analysis revealed a strong positive correlation (r=0.77) between the aneurysm diameter and the total hospital costs, while a simple linear regression provided the equation, y (₩)=6,658,630+855,250x (mm), where y represents the total hospital costs and x is the aneurysm diameter.

Conclusion

In South Korea, the total hospital costs for the surgical clipping of UIAs were found to be lower than those for endovascular coiling when the surgical results were favorable without significant complications. Plus, a strong positive correlation was noted between an increase in the aneurysm diameter and a dramatic increase in the costs of endovascular coiling.     

LVIS支架在颅内动脉瘤治疗中的安全性及有效性的单中心观察性研究

目的 探讨LVIS支架在囊状动脉瘤、夹层动脉瘤支架辅助栓塞术中的安全性及有效性。 方法 回顾性纳入中国人民解放军总医院神经内科2016年7月-2017年7月收治的71例应用LVIS支架 行动脉瘤支架辅助栓塞的颅内动脉瘤患者。根据数字减影血管造影（digital subtraction angiography, DSA）术后即刻图像及复查DSA图像,评估LVIS支架在动脉瘤支架辅助术中的安全性及有效性。 结果 71例颅内动脉瘤患者中,破裂动脉瘤20个（28.2%）,未破裂51个（71.8%）;前循环动脉瘤56 个（78.9%）,后循环动脉瘤15个（21.1%）;术中血栓事件4例（5.6%）。栓塞后即刻改良Raymond分 级：1级39个（54.9%）,2级13个（18.3%）,3a级11个（15.5%）,3b级8个（11.2%）;其中破裂动脉瘤改 良Raymond分级1级14个（70.0%）,未破裂动脉瘤改良Raymond分级1级25个（49.0%）,前循环动脉瘤 改良Raymond分级1级33个（58.9%）,后循环动脉瘤改良Raymond分级1级6个（40.0%）。术后半年DSA 复查29例（40.8%）,其中改良Raymond分级较栓塞后即刻造影级别改善7个,占2级、3级动脉瘤（32个） 40.6%（3b级→1级4个,3a级→1级1个,2级→1级2个）,变差2个（2级→3a级1个,2级→3b级1个）。术中 发生血栓事件共4例（5.6%）,术后复查DSA发现载瘤动脉狭窄2例,占复查例数6.8%。 结论 LVIS支架在颅内动脉瘤支架辅助栓塞术中安全、有效,但术中血栓事件及术后载瘤动脉再狭 窄亦应引起重视。