大泡性角膜病变18例手术治疗效果回顾性分析

目的:评价羊膜移植几种手术方法治疗大泡性角膜病变的临床效果。方法:对18例大泡性角膜病变患者,分别采取角膜层间烧烙术、新鲜羊膜移植术、角膜灼烙联合羊膜嵌入移植手术。结果:18例大泡性角膜病变患者,术后1～5d疼痛消失,7～12d角膜上皮修复,7～21d后羊膜植片常规溶解。角膜层间烧烙术1眼、新鲜羊膜移植术3眼术后1～2mo再次出现角膜大泡及角膜刺激症状而再次手术。角膜灼烙联合羊膜嵌入移植术,术后当天疼痛消失,14d角膜上皮光滑,角膜大泡消失。随访6～18mo无1例复发,部分患者视力有不同程度的提高。结论:角膜灼烙联合羊膜嵌入移植对大泡性角膜病变具有明显的治疗效果。     

角膜层间灼烙联合羊膜移植治疗疼痛性大泡性角膜病变

目的：：观察角膜层间灼烙联合羊膜移植治疗疼痛性大泡性角膜病变的手术疗效。方法：选取疼痛性大泡性角膜病( PBK )患者156例156眼(均为单眼),行角膜层间灼烙联合羊膜移植术,术后随访2~3mo,观察患者术眼疼痛症状、角膜上皮水泡、异物感、术后并发症等指标。结果：疼痛症状全部消失,角膜上皮不再出现水泡130例(83.3%);患者剧烈眼疼消失,但偶有异物感等不适,角膜上皮偶有小水泡24例(15.4%);术后2wk内角膜基质发生溶解,再行结膜瓣覆盖后治愈2例(1.3%)。结论：角膜层间灼烙联合羊膜移植术能解除98.7%的PBK患者的痛苦且手术操作简单,值得提倡。     

角膜层间灼烙联合羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变

为解除患者痛苦 ,防止大泡性角膜病变的复发 ,我们采用角膜层间灼烙联合羊膜移植治疗本病 ,取得良好效果。现报告如下 :临床资料 :共选择内皮细胞功能严重损伤所致大泡性角膜病变患者 12例 ,男 7例 ,女 5例。年龄 35～ 6 7岁 ,平均5 6 5岁。其中老年性白内障人工晶体术后所致大泡性角膜病变 4例 ,青光眼所致者 3例 ,外伤性白内障术后 1例 ,角膜外伤所致者 3例 ,穿透性角膜移植术后排斥反应所致者 1例。全部患者均伴有剧烈眼痛及畏光流泪等刺激症状 ,全角膜呈灰白色 ,基质水肿增厚 ,上皮大泡形成。其中有 5例患者伴有持续性角膜上皮缺损。视…     

角膜层间灼烙并睫状前动脉结扎术治疗大泡性角膜病（附七例报告）

角膜层间灼烙并睫状前动脉结扎术治疗大泡性角膜病（附七例报告）泰山医学院附属医院眼科胡磊，程普斋，王智崇大泡性角膜病是晚期青光眼的常见并发症，为解除患者痛苦，多实施眼球摘除等破坏性手术治疗。近来，我们采用角膜层间灼烙并睫状前动脉结扎术治疗七例晚期青光眼...     

角膜层间分离灼烙术治疗大泡性角膜病变

目的探讨施行角膜层间分离灼烙术治疗大泡性角膜病变的临床效果.方法对14例大泡性角膜病变患者施行8～9mm深达1/2角膜的层间分离及灼烙.结果所治病例角膜愈合良好,无不良反应,眼痛、异物感症状消失,视力有不同程度改善,随访6～24个月,临床疗效稳定.结论角膜层间分离灼烙术为不具备穿透性角膜移植的大泡性角膜病变提供了一种简便、安全、不需特殊材料、较为理想的手术方法.     

自体板层角膜转位联合层间烧灼及羊膜移植术治疗大泡性角膜病变

目的 探讨自体板层角膜转位联合层间烧灼及羊膜移植术在大泡性角膜病变治疗中的临床效果.方法 选取大泡性角膜病变患者6例(6眼),均有明显刺痛、流泪症状.其中白内障术后3例;白内障术后继发青光眼1例:青光眼术后并发白内障1例:角膜异物取出术后1例.6例患者均行自体板层角膜转位联合层间烧灼及羊膜移植术治疗.结果 6例患者术后眼病等刺激症状基本消失,角膜上皮完整,随访3～12个月均未发现大泡性角膜病变复发及并发症出现,视力有轻度提高.结论 自体板层角膜转位联合层间烧灼及羊膜移植术可有效缓解大泡性角膜病变的症状,是解除视功能不佳的大泡性角膜病变患者临床症状的有效方法.     

自体板层角膜再植加层间灼烙术治疗角膜大泡

自体板层角膜再植加层间灼烙术治疗角膜大泡上海医科大学眼耳鼻喉科医院章菊英，邱孝芝对角膜大泡近来虽有角膜层间灼烙治疗方法，能使大多患者疼痛缓解，但也有少数病例，症状不能消除。为此，我们从１９９１年１０月起在层间灼烙基础上，采用自体板层角膜再植术，解除了...     

睫状神经节甘油阻滞术治疗绝对期青光眼临床观察

目的探讨使用90％医用甘油进行球后注射阻滞睫状神经节,以减轻或缓解绝对期青光眼患者眼痛等临床症状的疗效。方法光感消失伴有药物不能控制临床症状的绝对期青光眼123例(123只眼),其中高眼压伴剧烈眼痛、头痛、恶心呕吐者102例(102只眼),伴大泡性角膜病变者17例(17只眼)。将医用纯甘油高压灭菌消毒后备用。按球后注射法一次注入甘油1．5-2．0ml。伴有大泡性角膜病变者,注射前表面麻醉下将大泡刺破或将内液抽除,随访6-24月。结果随访显示,75．38％-86．76％患者症状缓解,眼压降低。结论球后注射甘油进行睫状神经节阻滞是一种安全、操作简单、取材方便,患者无痛苦、易接受,可作为有症状绝对期青光眼的首选治疗方法。     

大泡性角膜病变的穿透性角膜移植术

大泡性角膜病变的穿透性角膜移植术朱斌良刘景棠张长宁田莹自１９８８～１９９２年，我科采用穿透性角膜移植术及角膜层间灼烙术后行穿透性角膜移植术对２４例（２４只眼）大泡性角膜病变患者进行治疗，现报告如下。资料与方法（１）一般资料：取本院大泡性角膜病变患者２...     

角膜板层烧烙联合羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变

目的:研究角膜板层烧烙联合羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变(bullous keratopathy,BK)的疗效.方法:对12例(12眼)BK患者采用角膜板层烧烙联合羊膜移植治疗,其中绝对期青光眼7例,人工晶状体眼4例,角膜穿孔伤1例.结果:患者12例术后眼部疼痛等刺激症状均消失,随访3～48 mo均未发现BK复发及并发症的发生.结论:角膜板层烧烙联合羊膜移植可有效地控制BK的症状,防止BK的复发,是治疗BK可供选择的有效方法.     

Electrophysiological determination of the refractive state of the eye of the opossum

The refractive state of the eye of the South American opossum Didelphis marsupialis aurita was investigated with electrophysiological techniques. Using adult specimens, trapped from the wild, averaged cortical evoked responses were recorded from the region of projection of the central visual field. Stimuli consisted of a phase reversal of a square wave grating generated on a CRO screen, with luminance of 2.4 cd/m2 and contrast 0.84. The refractive state of the eye was altered by means of trial lenses and the amplitude of the cortical responses thus obtained compared to those obtained with no lens (control values). Refraction "tuning curves" were determined for each animal. The average refractive state was found to be -2.27 D indicating that this species when raised in its habitat shows, at low ambient luminosity, some degree of myopia. Determination of the Contrast Sensitivity Function indicate that induced ametropias lead to a reduction of the cut-off value of the spatial frequency and a loss of contrast sensitivity.     

Influence of exercise on the structure of the anterior chamber of the eye

Purpose

To measure changes in anterior chamber structure before and after exercise in healthy individuals using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT).

Methods

Thirty‐two healthy young individuals performed jogging for 20 min. Eye blinking rate was recorded during rest and exercise. The anterior chamber angle (ACA), angle opening distance at 500 μm from the scleral spur (AOD500), trabecular‐iris space area at 500 μm from the scleral spur (TISA500), iris concavity (IC), iris concavity ratio (CR), iris thickness at 750 μm from the scleral spur (IT750), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber width (ACW), pupil diameter (PD), intraocular pressure (IOP), blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded before and after exercise. Anterior chamber angle (ACA), AOD500, TISA500, IC, IT750, ACD, ACW and PD were measured with ASOCT.

Results

Compared with rest, the blinking rate during exercise did not change significantly (13.04 ± 5.80 versus 13.52 ± 5.87 blinks/min, p = 0.645). The average IOP (15.4 ± 2.4 versus 12.4 ± 2.1 mmHg), ACA (35.96 ± 11.35 versus 40.25 ± 12.64 degrees), AOD500 (0.800 ± 0.348 versus 0.942 ± 0.387 mm), TISA500 (0.308 ± 0.155 versus 0.374 ± 0.193 mm²), IC (?0.078 ± 0.148 versus ?0.153 ± 0.159 mm) and CR (?0.027 ± 0.050 versus ?0.054 ± 0.056) changed significantly (all p < 0.001), while the average IT750 (0.463 ± 0.084 versus 0.465 ± 0.086 mm; p = 0.492), ACD (3.171 ± 0.229 versus 3.175 ± 0.238 mm; p = 0.543) and ACW (11.768 ± 0.377 versus 11.755 ± 0.378 mm; p = 0.122) showed no significant change after exercise.

Conclusion

The blinking rate did not change significantly during exercise, while ACA, AOD500 and TISA500 increased after exercise. Exercise also induced or increased IC. These changes in anterior chamber structure were only associated with exercise, but not with the postexercise change in PD or IOP.     

Determination of the location of the fovea on the fundus

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether the distance between optic nerve head and fovea in healthy eyes determined by scanning laser ophthalmoscope may facilitate estimation of the location of the fovea relative to the optic disc in patients with macular disease. METHODS: The angular distance was measured, in horizontal and vertical directions, between the center of the optic nerve head and the fovea in 104 eyes of 104 healthy probands. For additional evaluation of intraindividual variation in 70 of these persons the contralateral eye was measured as well. RESULTS: The distance between the optic disc and the fovea differed vertically more than horizontally (-1.5 +/- 0.9 degrees [-3.65 to +0.65 degrees ] vs. 15.5 +/- 1.1 degrees [13.0-17.9 degrees ]). There was a mean angle between the fovea and the center of the optic disc versus the horizon of -5.6 +/- 3.3 degrees. The intraindividual difference between right and left eyes was markedly lower, with average angles being 0.2 +/- 1.3 degrees vertically and 0.0 +/- 1.1 degrees horizontally. CONCLUSIONS: The distance between the optic nerve head and the fovea does not allow for a meaningful determination of the location of the fovea in eyes in which morphologic changes have occurred. The angle of rotation of the fovea relatively to the center of the optic nerve head is relatively stable. Therefore, the size of a central scotoma can be determined by movement of the blind spot according to the change of the preferred retinal locus (PRL). In addition, the knowledge of the location of the fovea enables determination of the position in the contralateral eye of the same patient.