温州医学院大学新生急救知识认知现状调查分析

目的 了解大学新生急救知识认知现状,为教育部门制定适合的教育计划提供参考.方法 采用自行设计的问卷对温州医学院2011级945名大学新生进行有关急救知识认知情况的调查与分析.结果 大学新生急救知识知晓率偏低,总体的知晓率为25.5%;电视或网络为目前知识来源的最主要的媒介;学习态度大多较好,有九成的学生表示对学习急救知识感兴趣或很感兴趣.讨论大学新生的急救知识缺乏,映射了我国中小学生急救教育的匮乏.教育部门应引起重视,制定相关教育计划,对各阶段学生进行急救知识系统教育,切实有效地提高学生自救互救能力.     

郑州市急诊流行病学资料分析与创伤急救

随着城市建设和社会现代化的发展,创伤成为现代社会的第一公害.河南省是全国高速公路通车里程最长的省.郑州市是京珠高速和连霍高速交汇点,是全国高速公路的一个重要交通枢纽.郑州市的道路交通事故创伤也明显高于全国平均水平.近几年急诊医疗服务体系建设不断完善,对创伤急救的发展起到了重要作用.现将郑州市急诊医疗服务体系运行情况介绍如下.     

浙江省院外急救资源现状调查与分析

目的调查分析浙江省所有11个地区（市）院外急救资源状况，为优化急救模式、合理配置急救资源，提高急救医疗服务水平提供科学依据。方法2006年以行政发文、设置统一问卷方式对全省11个地区（市）进行调查。调查内容包括急救中心基本情况、硬件配置（急救仪器与药品、车辆、通信装配）及人员队伍组成等。结果浙江省院外急救模式目前为独立型、指挥型及依托型多种模式并存，以独立型和依托型为主；68个急救机构共有急救车689辆，地市级机构车辆装备优于地市级以下；急救专职人员缺乏，对心肺复苏、气道开放、气管插管的熟练掌握率分别为63．25％、58．11％、16．47％。结论浙江省急救机构的现状有待改进。医护比例不合理。专职急救医学人员缺乏，技术也需要提高。     

某部队医学院校学员急救知识现状调查

随着社会老龄人口的增加、生活节奏的加快、现代化程度的提高以及交通运输多样化等因素，使突发危重伤病员和意外灾害事故的发生有明显增多的趋势。医学救援已从医院内迅速延伸至院外事故现场。为了解医学院校大学生对院外急救知识的掌握情况，对部分在校医学生的急救知识来源、急救技能及掌握程度进行了现场问卷调查，希望能为探索院外急救教育模式提供一点有益的资料。     

学会急救珍爱生命社会名人与急救专家面对面座谈"猝死预防与急救"

本刊讯 通讯员李孝庚报道:2007年7月29日,"2007年猝死-第一目击者"专家大讲堂,在武警总医院举行,呼吁社会珍爱生命、保护健康,要从提高急救意识、学习现代急救理念、基础科技知识和掌握基本急救技能做起.     

特殊人群院外急救知识现况调查与对策研究

目的 了解警察和高中毕业生对院外急救知识的知晓情况、获取途径、学习意愿及学习需求,探讨进行院外急救知识与技术培训的意义及实施策略.方法 采用问卷调查的方法对460名警察及750名高中毕业生进行调查,采用SPSS软件对收集的数据进行统计处理和分析.结果 警察组和高中生组施救意愿分别为85％、93.4％,最终主要影响因素为“怕承担法律责任”和“和自己没关系”;两组人群参训率分别为23.3％、19.8％;两组人群对院外急救技能知晓率集中在“了解一点”和“不了解”.结论 两组人群对院外急救技能掌握情况较差,救护意识薄弱的关键影响因素为没有相关的法律支援.健全法制、培训制度、科学施训尤为重要.     

适宜急救技术在基层的推广

随着社会经济的发展，人民生活水平的不断提高，各种急症和慢性病，尤其是老年患者慢性疾病，急性发作均呈上升趋势Ⅲ。这在客观上就需要有一支掌握基本急救知识和技术的基层医疗单位（村或社区和乡镇卫生院）的医务人员队伍，以便在患者发出医疗帮助请求尽可能短的时间内，一方面能将基本急救措施及时送达到患者身边；     

心肺复苏突破性进展的自动体外心脏除颤

心肺复苏(CPR),由20世纪60年代创立,70年代推广,到了80年代的进展,CPR已风靡全球。进展的主要特点,不仅是CPR为医务急救人员必须正确掌握、必修课、考试考核的内容之一,更重要的是社会、公众对它的认可,使CPR的基础知识、基本技术得到广泛大层面的传播;同时,认识到心脏除颤在心脏骤停抢救中的极其重要作用。要使CPR在抢救猝死等患者有重大进展,提高抢救成功率的关键,是尽早在现场立即进行心脏除颤。1自动体外心脏除颤技术的提出传统的心脏除颤技术是由专业人员掌握。心脏除颤器的使用是由专业医务人员掌握,或是由在急救车上担任专职急…     

社区医护人员参与急救技能培训的成效分析

目的 分析急救技能培训对社区医护人员急救能力提升的成效.方法 对闵行区279名社区医护人员按照急救技能操作规范进行强化培训,培训前、后分别进行7个方面测评,分析培训效果及培训认可程度.结果 社区医护人员在培训前、后的急救理论测试成绩分别为（64.7±12.8）、（85.1±2.4）,P＜0.05,急救技能测试成绩分别为（58.1±16.4）、（91.1±3.8）,P＜0.05,效果显著,培训认可程度为93.7％.结论 社区医护人员急救知识及技能有待加强,应定期开展急救技能培训,提升社区医护人员的急救能力.     

上海市嘉定区院外急救应急能力分析与对策探讨

上海市院外医疗急救模式属于独立型,主要功能定位于在现场与转运途中对患者进行医疗急救,维持患者的基本生命体征,防止再损伤,并就近、快速将患者送达具有相关救治能力的医院以及各类危重病的转诊,同时还包括对各类重大活动提供医疗保障和对各类突发事件的提供院外紧急救援等.根据上海市嘉定区医疗急救中心对2011年1月～2013年12月年近三年的院外急救服务业务统计发现,院外急救每年的业务增长率均保持在10％以上,2013年的业务增长率甚至达到17％.因此,如何提高嘉定区院外急救应急能力,满足本区人们对院外急救服务不断增长的需求成为了亟待解决的问题.     

New fillers for the new man

ABSTRACT:  Two new collagen-based lidocaine-containing dermal fillers, ArteSense™/ArteFill™ (Artes Medical, San Diego, CA) and Evolence® (Colbar LifeScience Ltd., Herzliya, Israel), have proved to be of particular interest to men, many of whom seek a long-lasting or permanent correction. ArteFill™ has been available in the United States since 2006, and it is expected that Evolence® will reach the American market in 2008. The properties of the two products will be described, and experience based on the administration of many hundreds of syringes of both products by a Canadian dermatologist will be detailed here, with tips and precautions to optimize patient outcomes.     

Outcomes and adverse effects of ablative vs nonablative lasers for skin resurfacing: A systematic review of 1093 patients

It is generally believed that ablative laser therapies result in prolonged healing and greater adverse events when compared with nonablative lasers for skin resurfacing. To evaluate the efficacy of ablative laser use for skin resurfacing and adverse events as a consequence of treatment in comparison to other modalities, a PRISMA‐compliant systematic review (Systematic Review Registration Number: 204016) of twelve electronic databases was conducted for the terms “ablative laser” and “skin resurfacing” from March 2002 until July 2020. Studies included meta‐analyses, randomized control trials, cohort studies, and case reports to facilitate evaluation of the data. All articles were evaluated for bias. The search strategy produced 34 studies. Of 1093 patients included in the studies of interest, adverse events were reported in a total of 106 patients (9.7%). Higher rates of adverse events were described in nonablative therapies (12.2% ± 2.19%, 31 events) when compared with ablative therapy (8.28% ± 2.46%, 81 events). 147 patients (13.4%) reported no side effects, 68 (6.22%) reported expected, transient self‐resolving events, and five (0.046%) presented with hypertrophic scarring. Excluding transient events, ablative lasers had fewer complications overall when compared with nonablative lasers (2.56% ± 2.19% vs 7.48% ± 3.29%). This systematic review suggests ablative laser use for skin resurfacing is a safe and effective modality to treat a range of pathologies from photodamage and acne scars to hidradenitis suppurativa and posttraumatic scarring from basal cell carcinoma excision. Further studies are needed, but these results suggest that ablative lasers are a superior, safe, and effective modality to treat damaged skin.     

Genetic alterations in RAS‐regulated pathway in acral lentiginous melanoma

Studies integrating clinicopathological and genetic features have revealed distinct patterns of genomic aberrations in Melanoma. Distributions of BRAF or NRAS mutations and gains of several oncogenes differ among melanoma subgroups, while 9p21 deletions are found in all melanoma subtypes. In the study, status of genes involved in cell cycle progression and apoptosis was evaluated in a panel of 17 frozen primary acral melanomas. NRAS mutations were found in 17% of the tumors. In contrast, BRAF mutations were not found. Gains of AURKA gene (20q13.3) were detected in 37.5% of samples, gains of CCND1 gene (11q13) or TERT gene (5p15.33) in 31.2% and gains of NRAS gene (1p13.2) in 25%. Alterations in 9p21 were identified in 69% of tumors. Gains of 11q13 and 20q13 were mutually exclusive, and 1p13.2 gain was associated with 5p15.33. Our findings showed that alterations in RAS‐related pathways are present in 87.5% of acral lentiginous melanomas.     

Self‐resolving superficial primary cutaneous mucormycosis in a 7‐week‐old infant

A 7‐week‐old girl, born at 30 weeks' gestational age, presented to clinic for evaluation of a crop of vesicular lesions that were noted after removal of a bandage that had been in place for 4 days. A punch biopsy of the lesion revealed fungal elements that were later identified as Rhizopus spp. The lesion began to self‐resolve, and no further treatment was needed, with full resolution of the lesion by 1 month after presentation. Clinicians should be aware of the variable presentations of mucormycosis and consider fungal infection in the differential diagnosis when evaluating vulnerable patients with skin eruptions.     

Pathogenic role of IL-17 in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder resulting from a complex network of cytokines and chemokines produced by various immune cell types and tissue cells. Emerging evidence suggests a central role of IL-17 and IL-23/T17 axis in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, giving a rationale for using IL-17-blocking agents as therapeutics.Three agents targeting IL-17 signaling are being studied in Phase III clinical trials: secukinumab and ixekizumab (IL-17 neutralizing agents), and brodalumab (IL-17 receptor antagonist). Preliminary results are highly promising for all anti-IL17 agents, creating fair expectations on this class of agents as the new effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of psoriasis.