Retraction: Fabrication of hollow CoS1.097 prisms toward supercapactior performance

Retraction of ‘Fabrication of hollow CoS_1.097 prisms toward supercapactior performance’ by Ruili Zhang et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 10814–10819.

We, the named authors, hereby wholly retract this RSC Advances article due to extensive overlap with the text, data and figures published in ref. 1, which means that this RSC Advances article is redundant. All the figures and tables in this RSC Advances article have been reproduced from ref. 1.The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience to readers.Signed: Ruili Zhang and Ping Yang.Date: 8^th July 2019.We do not have current contact details for the second author of the article, Yuntao Yang, as he has graduated and therefore has not been able to comment on the retraction.Retraction endorsed by Andrew Shore, Executive Editor, RSC Advances.     

Retraction: Structural characterization of centipede oligopeptides and capability detection in human small cell lung carcinoma: inducing apoptosis

Retraction of ‘Structural characterization of centipede oligopeptides and capability detection in human small cell lung carcinoma: inducing apoptosis’ by JingQuan Zhao et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 10927–10936, https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA09018A.

The Royal Society of Chemistry hereby wholly retracts this RSC Advances article due to a significant amount of unattributed text overlap throughout the article, and particularly with ref. 1 in the Results and discussion section and ref. 2 in the Conclusion section.Jie Liu opposes the retraction. The other authors have been informed but have not responded to any correspondence regarding the retraction.Signed: Laura Fisher, Executive Editor, RSC AdvancesDate: 29^th March 2022     

Correction: Directed evolution of mevalonate kinase in Escherichia coli by random mutagenesis for improved lycopene

Correction for ‘Directed evolution of mevalonate kinase in Escherichia coli by random mutagenesis for improved lycopene’ by Hailin Chen et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 15021–15028.

The authors wish to draw the readers’ attention to their closely related paper, published in Microbial Cell Factories,¹ which should have been cited in this RSC Advances paper.The authors regret that there is unattributed overlap in text between this RSC Advances paper and ref. 1. The authors confirm that new data has been reported in this RSC Advances article.Two different rate-limiting enzymes in the lycopene synthetic pathway were studied using the same methods, mevalonate kinase (MK) in this paper and isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase (IDI) in ref. 1. In the RSC Advances paper, a directed evolution strategy was used to optimize the activity of MK to enhance the tolerance for farnesyldiphosphate (FPP) and geranylgeranyldiphosphate (GGPP), to enhance the affinity of mevalonate and MK, and to improve lycopene production. The catalytic mechanisms of both enzymes are very different; however improving their activities can improve lycopene production.The Royal Society of Chemistry apologises for these errors and any consequent inconvenience to authors and readers.     

Correction: Porous conducting polymer and reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites for room temperature gas detection

Correction for ‘Porous conducting polymer and reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites for room temperature gas detection’ by Yajie Yang et al., RSC Adv., 2014, 4, 42546–42553.

The authors wish to draw the reader’s attention to their previous related study, published in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,¹ which was not cited in this RSC Advances paper. The RSC Advances paper is a valuable and necessary supplement to the publication in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces and focused on the reduced gas sensing performance of the devices instead of film characterization and film conductive performance.The authors regret not giving correct attribution to Fig. 1–6 which duplicate data from ref. 1 and therefore should be attributed to that paper. Additionally, there are portions of overlapping text in the discussion of these figures and the Introduction and Conclusion sections of the RSC Advances paper, which should be attributed to ref. 1.The Royal Society of Chemistry apologises for these errors and any consequent inconvenience to authors and readers.     

Retraction: Salvianolic acid B inhibits inflammatory response and cell apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in IL-1β-induced osteoarthritis chondrocytes

Retraction of ‘Salvianolic acid B inhibits inflammatory response and cell apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway in IL-1β-induced osteoarthritis chondrocytes’ by Bin Zhu et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 36422–36429, DOI: 10.1039/C8RA02418A.

The Royal Society of Chemistry hereby wholly retracts this RSC Advances article due to concerns with the reliability of the data.The images in the article were screened by an image integrity expert who confirmed that some of the western blots images in this paper had been duplicated in other articles. There are no common authors between the papers.The Col II band in Fig. 3B of this paper has been duplicated as the p62 band in Fig. 4A of ref. 1.One of the blots in the control band (GAPDH) in Fig. 3D has also been reused as a blot in Fig. 2C of ref. 1 and in Fig. 4A of ref. 2.The authors were asked to provide the raw data for this article but did not respond. Given the significance of the concerns about the validity of the data, and the lack of raw data, the findings presented in this paper are not reliable.The authors have been informed but have not responded to any correspondence regarding the retraction.Signed: Laura Fisher, Executive Editor, RSC AdvancesDate: 7^th January 2021     

Retraction: Ligustrazine attenuates renal damage by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress in diabetic nephropathy by inactivating MAPK pathways

Retraction of ‘Ligustrazine attenuates renal damage by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress in diabetic nephropathy by inactivating MAPK pathways’ by Hongling Yang et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 21816–21822, DOI: 10.1039/C8RA01674G.

The Royal Society of Chemistry hereby wholly retracts this RSC Advances article due to concerns with the reliability of the data.The images in the article were screened by an image integrity expert who confirmed that some of the western blot images in this paper had been duplicated in other articles. There are no common authors between the papers.The control bands (GAPDH) in Fig. 3A of this paper are identical to the western blot control bands (GAPDH) presented in Fig. 1E of ref. 1.The control bands (GAPDH) in Fig. 4A of this paper are identical to the western blot control bands (GAPDH) presented in Fig. 2C and Fig. 4G of ref. 2.One of the blots in the control band (GAPDH) in Fig. 4A has also been reused as a blot in Fig. 3D of ref. 3.The authors were asked to provide the raw data for this article but did not respond. Given the significance of the concerns about the validity of the data, and the lack of raw data, the findings presented in this paper are not reliable.The authors have been informed but have not responded to any correspondence regarding the retraction.Signed: Laura Fisher, Executive Editor, RSC Advances.Date: 7^th January 2021.     

Correction: Improved lateral heat spreading performance for polyvinylidene fluoride composite film comprising silver nanowire in light-emitting diode

Correction for ‘Improved lateral heat spreading performance for polyvinylidene fluoride composite film comprising silver nanowire in light-emitting diode’ by Zhao Li et al., RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 35844–35891.

The authors wish to apologise to the readers and draw their attention to our closely related paper, published in Journal of Applied Polymer Science,¹ which should have been cited in this RSC Advances paper.In the RSC Advances paper, we report a lateral heat spreader film fabricated by silver nanowire (AgNW) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film via a bar-coating approach. In order to distinguish the composite film in this paper from that in our previous work,¹ we are renaming the composite film as “AgNW@AgNW/PVDF”, which indicated that AgNW was coated on the AgNW/PVDF film. In this work, the results come from the AgNW@AgNW/PVDF composite film, while in our previous work,¹ they come from the AgNW/PVDF film, which are fundamentally different. In ref. 1, we used AgNW as an additive to a PVDF/DMF precursor, and then synthesized a AgNW/PVDF composite film for heating transfer. The work focused on the improvement of the thermal conductivity of the film; however, its application was never mentioned.In this paper, AgNW was added into PVDF as an additive, but it was also coated on the surface of the AgNW/PVDF film by a bar-coating approach. Thus, this work can promote the thermal conductivity from inside and outside due to the high thermal conductivity of AgNW. Additionally, we set up a temperature monitoring system using the infrared imager, which can capture the temperature image while the composite film is being heated. We compared experimental with theoretical analysis by simulation (ANSYS Icepak) of the physical process, and they matched very well. Finally, the AgNW@AgNW/PVDF composite film was used as a lateral heat spreader in a LED device that we devised. The good result obtained from detecting the temperature of the LED by thermometer showed its excellent heat dissipation performance.In addition to the lacking citation to the Journal of Applied Polymer Science paper, the authors also regret that there is unattributed overlap in text and Fig. 1, 3a, c, 4, 6b and c between this RSC Advances paper and ref. 1. The figures were reproduced from ref. 1 for the readers’ information.The Royal Society of Chemistry apologises for these errors and any consequent inconvenience to authors and readers.     

Retraction: Tuning the chemistry of graphene oxides by a sonochemical approach: application of adsorption properties

Retraction of ‘Tuning the chemistry of graphene oxides by a sonochemical approach: application of adsorption properties’ by Yubing Sun et al., RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 24886–24892, DOI: 10.1039/C5RA02021B.

The Royal Society of Chemistry, with the agreement of the named authors, hereby wholly retracts this RSC Advances article due to concerns with the reliability of the data in the published article.The TEM image in Fig. 1B duplicates data published in another publication by Pan et al., but presented as different materials.¹The AFM images in Fig. 1C and D illustrate duplication of data, given that these experiments were reported under different reaction conditions.The EXAFS spectra in Fig. 4 duplicate data in another publication, but reported as different materials.²Given the number and significance of the concerns about the validity of the data, the findings presented in this paper are no longer reliable.Signed: Yubing Sun, Shubin Yang, Congcong Ding and Wencai ChengDate: 27^th March 2020Zhongxiu Jin was contacted but did not respond.Retraction endorsed by Laura Fisher, Executive Editor, RSC Advances     

Retraction: Magnetic Fe3O4@NiO hierarchical structures: preparation and their excellent As(v) and Cr(vi) removal capabilities

Retraction of ‘Magnetic Fe₃O₄@NiO hierarchical structures: preparation and their excellent As(v) and Cr(vi) removal capabilities’ by Shouwei Zhang et al., RSC Adv., 2013, 3, 2754–2764, DOI: 10.1039/C2RA22495J.

The Royal Society of Chemistry, with the agreement of the named authors, hereby wholly retracts this RSC Advances article due to concerns with the reliability of the data in the published article. The authors requested to retract this article because they admitted that the TEM characterization of the Fe₃O₄@NiO hierarchical microspheres in Fig. 4c was duplicated from the characterization of Fe₃O₄@NiAl-LDH microspheres in Fig. S4B from a J. Am. Chem. Soc. paper by Mingfei Shao et al. without permission.¹ The authors would like to apologise to the authors of ref. 1, and for any inconvenience to readers.Signed: Shouwei Zhang, Jiaxing Li, Jinzhang Xu and Xiangke WangDate: 11th August 2021Tao Wen was contacted but did not respondRetraction endorsed by Laura Fisher, Executive Editor, RSC Advances     

Retraction: Simultaneous sorption and reduction of U(vi) on magnetite–reduced graphene oxide composites investigated by macroscopic,spectroscopic and modeling techniques

Retraction of ‘Simultaneous sorption and reduction of U(vi) on magnetite–reduced graphene oxide composites investigated by macroscopic, spectroscopic and modeling techniques’ by Wencai Cheng et al., RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 59677–59685, DOI: 10.1039/C5RA10451C.

The Royal Society of Chemistry, with the agreement of the authors, hereby wholly retracts this RSC Advances article due to concerns with the reliability of the data in the published article.The SEM image in Fig. 1C duplicates data published in another publication, but reported as different materials.¹There are unexpected similarities in the XPS spectra presented for M1–rGO and M5–rGO in Fig. 2A.Repeating fragments can be observed in the baseline of the XRD spectrum for GO presented in Fig. 2B, which indicate that it has been manipulated. In addition, the XRD spectrum for M5–rGO in Fig. 2B duplicates data published in ref. 1 and 2, but they have been reported as different materials.Given the number and significance of the concerns about the validity of the data, the findings presented in this paper are no longer reliable.Signed: Wencai Cheng, Zhongxiu Jin, Congcong Ding and Maolin WangDate: 27^th March 2020Retraction endorsed by Laura Fisher, Executive Editor, RSC Advances     

Correction: Direct electrodeposition of cationic pillar[6]arene-modified graphene oxide composite films and their host–guest inclusions for enhanced electrochemical performance

Correction for ‘Direct electrodeposition of cationic pillar[6]arene-modified graphene oxide composite films and their host–guest inclusions for enhanced electrochemical performance’ by Qunpeng Duan et al., RSC Adv., 2020, 10, 21954–21962, DOI: 10.1039/D0RA03138K.

The authors regret omitting a citation of their related paper published in Frontiers in Chemistry: ‘Facile one-step electrodeposition preparation of cationic pillar[6]arene-modified graphene films on glassy carbon electrodes for enhanced electrochemical performance’ (DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00430) shown as ref. 1 here. The citation should appear as ref. 58 in the original article.¹The authors regret that it was not clear in the original article that the ErGO-CP6/GCE film had been previously reported by them in their related Frontiers in Chemistry paper¹ and therefore the sentence at the start of paragraph 3 on page 2 ‘In this work, we report for the first time preparation of CP6 functionalized graphene films on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) directly from GO-CP6 dispersions by facile one-step pulsed electrodeposition technique (Scheme 1).’ should be ‘In this work, we report the preparation of CP6 functionalized graphene films on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) directly from GO-CP6 dispersions by facile one-step pulsed electrodeposition technique (Scheme 1), which was previously reported by us.⁵⁸’.The authors also wish to clarify the differences between this RSC Advances paper and the Frontiers in Chemistry paper.¹ The papers use different guests molecules and different optimum pulse electrodeposition parameters and the RSC Advances paper reports an improvement in electrochemical performance with additional characterisation, stability studies and the analysis of real samples which are not reported in the Frontiers in Chemistry paper.¹The appropriate figure captions have been updated to reflect the data reproduced from the Frontiers in Chemistry paper.¹Scheme 1 Schematic illustration for the pulsed electrodeposition preparation of ErGO and ErGO-CP6 films on the surface of GCE and sensing the guest molecules by an electrochemical strategy. Reproduced with permission from ref. 1. Copyright 2020 Frontiers.Fig. 1 Characterization of materials. FTIR spectra (A), UV-vis absorption spectra (B), TGA curves of CP6, GO-CP6, and GO (C), and XPS survey spectra of GO and GO-CP6 (D). The data in (a, c and d) have been reproduced with permission from ref. 1. Copyright 2020 Frontiers.Fig. 4 (A) Raman spectra of GO and ErGO. (B) Raman spectra of GOCP6 and ErGO-CP6. Reproduced with permission from ref. 1. Copyright 2020 Frontiers.     

Retraction: Enhanced electrocatalytic activity and durability of highly monodisperse Pt@PPy–PANI nanocomposites as a novel catalyst for the electro-oxidation of methanol

Retraction of ‘Enhanced electrocatalytic activity and durability of highly monodisperse Pt@PPy–PANI nanocomposites as a novel catalyst for the electro-oxidation of methanol’ by Özlem Karatepe et al., RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 50851–50857. DOI: 10.1039/C6RA06210E.

The Royal Society of Chemistry hereby wholly retracts this RSC Advances article due to concerns with the reliability of the data in the published article.The two high resolution transmission electron micrograph insets in Fig. 2 that represent Pt@PPy–PANI NPs polymer composites are identical. In addition, these insets are duplicated and scaled versions of the high-resolution transmission electron micrograph insets in Fig. 1 in an International Journal of Hydrogen Energy article,¹ and in Fig. 2 in a Journal of Cluster Science article,² by the same author group representing different nanoparticles or synthetic methods. Fig. 1 in the International Journal of Hydrogen Energy article¹ represents Pt(0)/DPA@GO NPs and Fig. 2 in the Journal of Cluster Science article² represents Pt(0) NPs. The authors claim that this was a mistake and provided replacement data for consideration. However, an expert reviewed the author’s response and concluded that it did not satisfactorily address the concerns, and that the replacement figure did not fully support the conclusions. Given the significance of the concerns about the validity of the data, the findings presented in this paper are no longer reliable.Sinan Eriş and Fatih Sen oppose this retraction. Handan Pamuk, Yunus Yıldız, Özlem Karatepe and Zeynep Dasdelen were contacted but did not respond.Signed: Laura Fisher, Executive Editor, RSC AdvancesDate: 23^rd September 2021     

Retraction: Amino acid derived highly luminescent,heteroatom-doped carbon dots for label-free detection of Cd2+/Fe3+, cell imaging and enhanced antibacterial activity

Retraction of ‘Amino acid derived highly luminescent, heteroatom-doped carbon dots for label-free detection of Cd²⁺/Fe³⁺, cell imaging and enhanced antibacterial activity’ by Paramita Karfa et al., RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 58141–58153.

The Royal Society of Chemistry hereby wholly retracts this RSC Advances article due to concerns with the reliability of the data in the published article.A repeating pattern can be observed in the XPS spectra in Fig. 2C in the 390–396 eV range. The XPS data also duplicates data that was presented in another publication, but reported as a different material.¹The TEM image in Fig. 3A has been used in another publication, but reported as a different material.²The bacterial growth curves in Fig. 3F illustrate duplication of data, which were reported as different bacterial strains. The growth curves also duplicate data presented in other publications.^3,4The fluorescence microscopy images in Fig. 5A and B have been used in another publication, but reported as different materials.⁵The concentration stability data points in Fig. S2 have been duplicated in Fig. S3 as pH stability data points.Given the number and significance of the concerns, the validity of the data and, therefore, the conclusions presented in this paper are no longer reliable.The Royal Society of Chemistry apologises for the fact that these concerns were not identified during the peer review process.Paramita Karfa, Santanu Patra, Rashmi Madhuri and Prashant K. Sharma oppose the retraction. Ekta Roy, Sunil Kumar and Abhrajyoti Tarafdar were contacted but did not respond.Signed: Andrew Shore, Executive Editor, RSC Advances.Date: 23rd November 2018.     

Correction: Nano N-TiO2 mediated selective photocatalytic synthesis of quinaldines from nitrobenzenes

Correction for ‘Nano N-TiO₂ mediated selective photocatalytic synthesis of quinaldines from nitrobenzenes’ by Kaliyamoorthy Selvam et al., RSC Adv., 2012, 2, 2848–2855, DOI: 10.1039/C2RA01178F.

The authors regret omitting citations of their related papers in Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical and Applied Catalysis A: General: ‘Cost effective one-pot photocatalytic synthesis of quinaldines from nitroarenes by silver loaded TiO₂’ (DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2011.09.014)¹ and ‘Mesoporous nitrogen doped nano titania—A green photocatalyst for the effective reductive cleavage of azoxybenzenes to amines or 2-phenyl indazoles in methanol’ (DOI: 10.1016/j.apcata.2011.11.011).² The citations should have appeared in the following places as ref. 36 (ref. 1, in the reference list here) and ref. 37 (ref. 2, in the reference list here):In the sentence starting on line 5 of paragraph 5 in the introduction:‘Photocatalytic synthesis of quinolone derivatives from nitrobenzene using TiO₂, metal doped TiO₂ and others had been reported earlier.^1,23–25’At the end of Section 3.12 with the addition of the following sentence:‘This catalyst was also found to be effective for the reductive cleavage of azoxybenzenes to amines or 2-phenyl indazoles in methanol.²’The authors regret that it was not clear in the original article that the bare TiO₂ and N-TiO₂ characterisation data had been reproduced from their related Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, Applied Catalysis A: General and Catalysis Communications papers.^1–3 Although the Catalysis Communications article was cited as ref. 25 (ref. 3, in the reference list here) in the original article, it was not made clear that some of the data was reproduced from this article. The appropriate figure captions have been updated to reflect this.Fig. 2: Diffuse reflectance spectra of (a) bare TiO₂, (b) N-TiO₂ and (c) TiO₂-P25. The bare TiO₂ data in Fig. 2a have been reproduced with permission from ref. 1. Copyright 2011 Elsevier. The N-TiO₂ data in Fig. 2b have been reproduced with permission from ref. 2. Copyright 2012 Elsevier.Fig. 3: Photoluminescence spectra of (a) bare TiO₂, (b) TiO₂-P25 and (c) N-TiO₂. The bare TiO₂ data in Fig. 3a have been reproduced with permission from ref. 1. Copyright 2011 Elsevier. The N-TiO₂ data in Fig. 3c have been reproduced with permission from ref. 2. Copyright 2012 Elsevier.Fig. 4: HR-TEM analysis: (a and b) images at two different regions of N-TiO₂, (c) SAED pattern of N-TiO₂, (d) lattice fringes of N-TiO₂ and (e) particle size distribution of N-TiO₂. Fig. 4 has been entirely reproduced with permission from ref. 2. Copyright 2012 Elsevier.Fig. 5: X-ray photoelectron spectra of N-TiO₂: (a) survey spectrum, (b) Ti 2p peak, (c) O 1s peak, (d) N 1s peak and (e) C peak. Fig. 5 has been entirely reproduced with permission from ref. 2. Copyright 2012 Elsevier.Fig. 6: (a) N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms of N-TiO₂ and (b) its pore size distribution. Fig. 6 has been entirely reproduced with permission from ref. 2. Copyright 2012 Elsevier.Fig. 8: GC-MS chromatograms at different reaction times for the photocatalytic conversion of nitrobenzene with N-TiO₂. Fig. 8 has been entirely reproduced with permission from ref. 3. Copyright 2011 Elsevier.The authors also wish to remove Fig. 1 from the original article due to similarities between two of the spectra and the raw data no longer being available. This does not affect the conclusions as the presence of nitrogen was confirmed by other techniques.The authors also wish to clarify the differences between this RSC Advances paper and the Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, Applied Catalysis A: General and Catalysis Communications papers.^1–3 The Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical paper discusses the photocatalytic synthesis of quinaldines from nitroarenes by silver loaded TiO₂.¹ The Applied Catalysis A: General paper reports the reductive cleavage of azoxybenzenes to amines or 2-phenyl indazoles using mesoporous nitrogen doped nano titania.² The Catalysis Communications paper, ref. 25 in the original article, discusses the synthesis of quinaldines from nitroarenes with gold loaded TiO₂ nanoparticles.³ The original RSC Advances paper discusses the catalytic ability of N-TiO₂ in the synthesis of quinaldines from nitrobenzenes. In each paper, either a different catalyst was used or a different synthetic reaction was investigated.     

Retraction: Structural characterization of Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae) oligopeptides and the detection of their capability in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells: induction of apoptosis

Retraction of ‘Structural characterization of Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae) oligopeptides and the detection of their capability in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells: induction of apoptosis’ by Jiao Dong et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 8300–8309, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9RA00090A.

The Royal Society of Chemistry hereby wholly retracts this RSC Advances article due to a significant amount of unattributed text overlap throughout the article, and particularly in the Results and Discussion sections, with a paper by Hongyu Li et al. in Frontiers in Pharmacology that was not cited in the article.¹Jiao Dong, Xianxin Zhang, Chunxiao Qu, Xuedong Rong and Jie Liu oppose the retraction. Yiqing Qu has been informed but has not responded to any correspondence regarding the retraction.Signed: Laura Fisher, Executive Editor, RSC AdvancesDate: 29^th March 2022     

Retraction: Synthesis and characterization of Co/Ti layered double hydroxide and its application as a photocatalyst for degradation of aqueous Congo Red

Retraction of ‘Synthesis and characterization of Co/Ti layered double hydroxide and its application as a photocatalyst for degradation of aqueous Congo Red’ by Priyadarshi Roy Chowdhury and Krishna G. Bhattacharyya, RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 92189–92206.

The Royal Society of Chemistry hereby wholly retracts this RSC Advances article due to concerns with the reliability of the data in the published article.The XPS data in Fig. 4B, E and F have been duplicated in another publication, but reported as a different material.¹A repeating segment can be observed in the TEM image presented in Fig. 10C, which indicates that this image has been manipulated.There are unexpected similarities in the baseline of the EDX spectrum in Fig. 10F and the EDX spectra in other publications, which have all been reported as different materials.^1–3There are repeating motifs within the AFM image in Fig. 10G, which indicates that this image has been manipulated. Many of these motifs can also be observed in an AFM image in another publication, but representing a different material.²The image in Fig. 10I is unreliable as it has subsequently been reused in unpublished material to represent different materials.The FTIR data presented in Fig. 16B (blue, red and green spectra) illustrate duplication of data, given that these experiments were reported under different reaction conditions.Given the number and significance of the concerns about the validity of the data, the findings presented in this paper are no longer reliable.Priyadarshi Roy Chowdhury and Krishna G. Bhattacharyya were informed about the retraction of the article but did not respond.Signed: Laura Fisher, Executive Editor, RSC AdvancesDate: 12^th March 2020     

Correction: Hydrogel microfibers with perfusable folded channels for tissue constructs with folded morphology

Correction for ‘Hydrogel microfibers with perfusable folded channels for tissue constructs with folded morphology’ by Yupeng Liu et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 23475–23480.

The authors regret that incorrect details were given for ref. 49 in the original article. The correct version of ref. 49 is given below.The Royal Society of Chemistry apologises for these errors and any consequent inconvenience to authors and readers.