肿瘤转移相关基因在甲状腺乳头状癌的表达与颈淋巴结转移相关性研究

目的：探讨肿瘤转移抑制相关基因nm23-H1,转移相关基因CD44v6在甲状腺乳头状癌的表达与颈淋巴结转移的关系。方法：采用免疫组化S－P法,检测201例甲状腺乳头状癌、30例甲状腺良性病变及30例正常甲状腺组织中nm23-H1和CD44v6的表达情况。结果：1）nm23-H1在甲状腺乳头状癌组的表达阳性率62．7％,明显低于良性病变组和正常组（P＜）．01或P＜0．05）。有转移组nm23-H1的阳性率为54．5％,明显低于无转移组（75．0％）,其蛋白表达与颈淋巴结转移呈负相关。2）CD44 v6在甲状腺乳头状癌组的表达阳性率为71．1％,明显高于两对照组（P均＜0．01）。有转移组CD44v6的阳性率为79．3％,明显高于无转移组（58．5％）,其蛋白表达与颈淋巴结转移呈正相关。3）甲状腺乳头状癌中nm23-H1和CD44v6表达呈显著负相关关系（P＜0．01）。nm23-H1阴性表达伴CD44v6阳性表达的患者发生颈淋巴结转移的可能性大。结论：nm23-H1和CD44v6的表达与甲状腺乳头状癌的颈淋巴结转移密切相关,nm23-H1和CD44v6的表达在淋巴结转移中起协同作用,两者的表达失衡可能与甲状腺乳头状癌发生颈淋巴结转移有密切关系。因此,检测nm23-H1和CD44v6可能作为预测甲状腺乳头状癌颈淋巴结转移潜能的有价值的参考指标。     

肺癌组织中CD44v6和nm23的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨CD44v6和nm23有肺癌组织中的表达及意义。方法：应用免疫组织化学方法,检测51例肺癌组织中CD44v6和nm23的表达情况,并分析其临床意义。结果：在5例类癌和4例小细胞肺癌（SCLC）中未见CD44v6表达。在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）中,≤60岁和＞60岁组CD44v6的阳性率分别为84．0％和29．4％,两组间差异有非常显著性（χ^2＝12．79;P＜0．01）,低分化癌和高中分化癌中CD44v6的阳性率分别为87．0％和31．6％,两组间差异有显著性（χ^2＝13．53,P＜0．01）;有和无淋巴结转移组CD44v6和的阳性率分别为73．3％和33．3％,两组间差异有显著性（χ^2＝5．82,P＜0．05）;鳞癌和腺癌中CD44v6的阳性率分别为85．7％和50．0％,两组间差异有显著性（χ^2＝5．05,P＜0．05）;nm23在腺癌和鳞癌中的阳性率分别为64．3％和14．3％,两组间差异有显著性（χ^2＝9．35,P＜0．01）。结论CD44v6可反映NSCLC的生物学特性,是预测其侵袭转移潜能和预后的指标。m23能否作为肺癌的预后指标尚待扩大样本深入研究。     

Nm23-H1、CD44v6在60例下咽癌组织中的表达及临床意义

摘 要：［目的］分析下咽癌组织中肿瘤抑制基因 nm23-H1和转移相关基因 CD44v6的表达情况及其意义。［方法］ 60例下咽癌（其中30例有颈部淋巴结转移,30例无颈部淋巴结转移）及30例癌旁组织纳入分析,采用免疫组织化学SP法检测nm23-H1和CD44v6的表达情况。［结果］ Nm23-H1在下咽癌组的表达阳性率为53.33%,较癌旁组织组（90.00%）明显偏低(P＜0.05);有颈部淋巴结转移下咽癌组（40.00%)、无颈部淋巴结转移下咽癌组(66.67%)及癌旁组织各组间nm23-H1阳性率差异有统计学意义 (P＜0.05)。CD44v6在下咽癌组的表达阳性率为76.67%,较癌旁组（56.67%）明显高(P＜0.05);有颈部淋巴结转移组CD44v6阳性率(90.0%)较无转移组(63.33%)明显高(P＜0.05)。下咽癌组织中nm23-H1和CD44v6表达呈负相关(P＜0.05)。［结论］ 下咽癌中 nm23-H1表达下调可促使下咽癌发生、推动肿瘤发展及发生颈部淋巴结转移;CD44v6表达上调可使肿瘤的发展及转移加速。两者的表达失衡与下咽癌发生颈部淋巴结转移关系密切并且可能起协同作用。因此,联合检测nm23-H1和CD44v6对判断下咽癌的颈部淋巴结转移有指导意义。     

nm23-H1与CD44v6在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨nm23-H1与CD44v6在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中的表达及其临床意义.方法采用免疫组化SP法检测147例NSCLC 标本中nm23-H1、CD44v6的表达.结果全组nm23-H1阳性率为62.6%(92/147),其中Ⅰ+Ⅱ期与Ⅲ+Ⅳ期,N0组与N1～3组间阳性率无显著性差异(P＞0.05),高、中分化组与低分化组,腺癌与鳞癌,生存期低于3年组与生存期超过3年组间阳性率有显著性差异(P＜0.05).CD44v6阳性率为63.9%(94/147),其中Ⅰ+Ⅱ期与Ⅲ+Ⅳ期,N0组与N1～3组间阳性率无显著性差异(P＞0.05),高、中分化组与低分化组,鳞癌与腺癌,生存期低于3年组与生存期超过3年组间阳性率有显著性差异(P＜0.05).nm23-H1(+)CD44v6(-)者的预后明显好于nm23-H1(-)CD44v6(+)(P＜0.01).结论 nm23-H1和CD44v6的表达与NSCLC的分化程度、病理类型及预后密切相关,与PTNM分期及淋巴结是否转移无关.nm23-H1(+)CD44v6(-)者比nm23-H1(-)CD44v6(+)的预后佳.     

肾癌组织中CD44V6和nm23-H1蛋白表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨评估肾细胞癌预后因素的指标。方法 应用原位杂交技术检测60例肾癌组织中CD44V6 mRNA和nm23-H1 mRNA表达情况。结果 肾癌组织中CD44V6 mNRA和nm23-H1 mRNA表达阳性率分别为71．7％和56．7％。肾细胞癌的病理分级、临床分期和淋巴结转移与CD44V6 mRNA高表达和nm23-H1 mRNA低表达有关（P＜0．05）。CD44V6 mRNA表达与nm23-H1 mRNA表达呈负相关性（P＜0．05，γ=-0.42)。结论 CD44V6 mRNA高表达和nm23-H1 mRNA低表达对判断肾细胞癌分化程度、预测淋巴结转移有一定的参考价值。     

联合检测CD44V6和nm23H1在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其意义

目的：探讨CD44V6和nm23H1在非小细胞肺癌组织中的联合表达及其与转移及预后的关系。方法：采用免疫组织化学SP法，检测108例手术切除的非小细胞肺癌组织中CD44V6和nm23H1的表达，分析其与淋巴结转移及术后生存期的关系。结果：CD44V6蛋白高表达和nm23H1蛋白低表达均与淋巴结转移密切相关（P〈0．01，P〈0．05）。CD44V6高表达且nm23H1低表达非小细胞肺癌患者预后差（P〈0．01）。结论：CD44V6与nm23H1的检测对判定淋巴结转移均有一定意义。二者联合检测对判断非小细胞肺癌的预后提供临床参考依据。     

CD44v6基因蛋白在宫颈癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨CD44v6基因在宫颈癌组织中的表达及其临床意义.方法采用免疫组化方法,检测CD44变异体单抗(CD44v6单抗)在宫颈浸润癌及转移癌中的表达并分析相关的临床病理因素.结果(1)CD44v6表达阳性率恶性组显著高于正常组.(2)有转移者CD44v6阳性率显著高于无转移者.结论(1)CD44v6与肿瘤的发生、发展相关;(2)CD44v6与肿瘤的浸润和转移相关,可作为预测肿瘤转移潜能的指标.     

食管癌组织中nm23-H1、CD44V6蛋白表达与区域淋巴结转移的关系

目的 研究食管癌组织中nm23-H1、CD44V6蛋白表达与食管癌区域淋巴结转移的关系。方法 应用流式细胞仪定量分析55例食管癌组织中nm23-H1、CD44V6蛋白的表达，同时检测DNA倍体状态。结果 有区域淋巴结转移组nm23-H1蛋白表达低于无转移组，而D44V6蛋白表达高于无转移组（均P＜0．05）；异倍体率与淋巴结转移及nm23-H1、CD44V6蛋白表达均无关（P＞0．05），增殖活性与淋巴结转移及nm23-H1、CD44V6蛋白表达均相关（P＜0．05）。食管癌组织中nm23-H1蛋白表达与CD44V6蛋白表达无关（P＞0．05）。结论 nm23和CD44基因在食管癌的发展转移中起重要作用。     

CD44v6在乳腺癌患者化疗前后的表达及意义

背景与目的：CD44是粘附分子家族的成员,与肿瘤的形成及转移相关,尤其是变异型亚型CD44v6更是与多种肿瘤的侵袭和转移密切相关。本文旨在研究乳腺癌患者血、癌组织、淋巴结中CD44v6的表达及化疗对CD44v6表达的影响和意义。方法：用免疫组化方法检测癌组织CD44v6的表达,用流式细胞术检测血和淋巴结中CD44v6的表达。结果：乳腺癌组织中淋巴细胞（t=4.71,P＜0．05）和阳性淋巴结（t=5.11,P＜0．05）的CD44v6的表达与对照组相比显著增高,而患者外周血淋巴细胞CD44v6的表达也有所升高,但无统计学意义（t=0.98,P＞0．05）。乳腺癌细胞CD44v6的表达强阳性,且阳性率100％,而良性乳腺组织呈阴性表达。化疗后癌细胞CD44v6的表达仍是100％,血和淋巴结中淋巴细胞CD44v6的表达有所下降,但无意义,只有癌组织中淋巴细胞CD44v6的表达水平显著下降（t=4.13,P＜0．05）。结论：CD44v6的表达与乳腺癌患者的淋巴结转移和预后密切相关,化疗后癌组织中淋巴细胞CD44v6表达明显降低。     

非小细胞肺癌中E-cadherin、CD44v6和nm23-H1表达的临床意义

目的探讨E-cadherin、CD44v6和nm23-H1在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其临床意义.方法采用免疫组化ABC法检测65例原发性非小细胞肺癌组织中E-cadherin、CD44v6和nm23-H1表达情况,并分析了它们表达与肺癌临床病理的关系.结果65例非小细胞肺癌中E-cadherin、CD44v6和nm23-H1的阳性表达率分别为38.5%、58.5%和46.2%.Ecadherin、CD44v6和nm23-H1阳性表达与病理分级密切相关,与组织学类型无明显相关性.Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期中E-cadherin和CD44v6表达与Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期之间比较,有显著性差异(P＜0.01);nm23-H1阳性表达与临床分期无明显相关性.E-cadherin、CD44v6和nm23-H1表达与肺癌淋巴结转移密切相关.结论E-cadherin、CD44v6和nm23-H1异常表达在非小细胞肺癌发生、发展和转移过程中发挥着重要的作用.联合检测对判断非小细胞肺癌的生物学行为具有重要的意义.     

Bacteria and cancer--antagonisms and benefits

There is considerable historical and recent evidence concerning the antagonisms between acute bacterial infections or their toxins and cancer and allied diseases. These data provide renewed incentives to undertake clinical programmes with mixed bacterial vaccines in many countries at the present time.     

Religiosity and physical and emotional functioning among African American and White colorectal and lung cancer patients

The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression.     

Renal irradiation and the pharmacology and toxicity of methotrexate and cisplatinum

We used a rat model to study the effects of renal irradiation on the pharmacology of methotrexate (MTX) and cisplatinum (cis-Pt). Unanesthetized rats were given bilateral kidney irradiation (20 Gy in 9 fractions). At 9 months after irradiation, 3% of the animals had died and survivors showed moderately impaired renal function. At 15 months, 30% of the animals had died and survivors showed severely impaired renal function. Some animals were given i.v. MTX 1 week to 15 months after irradiation. In irradiated rats, the area under the MTX plasma clearance curve equaled that of controls through 6 months, and was significantly above controls from 9 months on. Other animals were given i.p. cis-Pt 1 week to 9 months after irradiation. The acute toxicity of cis-Pt was the same in control and irradiated rats when cis-Pt was given immediately before or after irradiation. Beginning 3 months after irradiation there was a progressive increase in cis-Pt toxicity and a simultaneous decrease in urinary platinum excretion. Irradiated animals that survived cis-Pt treatment showed increased radiation nephritis; the greatest effect occurred when cis-Pt was given 3 months or more after irradiation. MTX and cis-Pt clearance decreased when renal dysfunction was first observed and changes in renal function preceded changes in drug clearance and toxicity.     

VEGF及KDR在大肠腺瘤和腺癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌中的表达及临床病理特征的关系。方法：大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌组织标本各100例,采用免疫组织化学染色法检测VEGF和KDR在标本中的表达情况。结果：VEGF和KDR在大肠腺癌组中的阳性表达明显高于大肠腺瘤组（P〈0.05）;在正常大肠黏膜均未见VEGF和KDR表达的阳性染色;VEGF阳性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率为70%,显著高于VEGF阴性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率16%,两组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：大肠腺癌组织中KDR的表达与肿瘤大小、转移情况、浸润深度密切相关;VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤中的表达与患者的年龄、性别及分型均无相关性,而与增生程度相关（P〈0.05）。在大肠腺癌患者中VEGF及KDR表达更高,二者具有协同效应。     

Morphine and tumor growth and metastasis

Morphine is an analgesic widely used to alleviate cancer pain. In addition, the perioperative management of pain in cancer surgery patients most often includes opioids. However, there are reports that these drugs may alter cancer recurrence or metastasis. Several mechanisms have been proposed, such as the modulation of the immune response or cellular pathways that control the survival and migratory behavior of cancer cells. The published literature, however, presents some discrepancies, with reports suggesting that opioids may either promote or prevent the spread of cancer. It is of great importance to determine whether opioids, in particular the most widely used, morphine, may increase the risk of metastasis when used in cancer surgery. This review examines the available data on the effects of morphine which influence cancer metastasis or recurrence, including immunomodulation, tumor cell aggressiveness, and angiogenesis, with special emphasis on recently published clinical and laboratory based studies. We further discuss the parameters that may explain the difference between reports on the effects of morphine on cancer.     

肾上腺素能β受体与肿瘤生长及转移

大量研究表明肿瘤细胞可表达β受体，而一些神经递质、药物和社会心理因素可能通过β受体影响肿瘤的生长和转移，β受体激动剂、β受体阻滞剂以及抑郁等社会心理因素可加强或削弱这种作用。这为表达β受体肿瘤的治疗开辟了新的道路，提供了新的治疗靶点。