汶川大地震1093例住院伤员性别年龄与受伤部位的关系分析

2008年"5·12"大地震发生后,成都军区总医院作为地震灾区等级最高的军队医院,分前线医疗队与后方医院本部两个方向,全力抢救地震伤员,取得了显著成绩.实现了地震伤员救治"四个第一",即第一个抢救伤病员、第一支到达灾区的军队医疗队、收治伤病员总数第一、救治重症伤员数第一,得到了中央及军委首长的高度评价[1].     

提高军队医院卫勤保障能力的几点思考

“5．12”汶川特大地震实战检验了军队医院卫勤保障能力。军队医院抽组的医疗队一直奋战在灾区前沿，给灾区的老百姓带来了党中央、中央军委的关怀。笔者亲历这场史无前例的抗震救灾行动，对我军医院的卫勤保障有了更多切身体会和新的认识，结合本次救灾行动，现就如何提高军队医院卫勤保障能力谈以下几点体会。     

从“5·12”特大地震医学救援谈军队医院卫勤准备

对突发事件实施医学救援,是检验军队医院应急反应能力的“试金石”“5·12”四川汶川特大地震发生后,我院医疗队在第一时间赶赴地震灾区实施医学救援,圆满完成了抗震救灾卫勤保障任务。现结合这次地震医学救援实践,谈谈军队医院应对突发事件的卫勤准备。     

地震灾区流动医院外科治疗组的展开研究

2005年,巴基斯坦西北部发生7．8级地震,中国政府派出国际救援队在地震灾区展开救援。此次救援中,首次在地震灾区展开流动医院。外科救治组在流动医院范围内展开,展开时间20天,共救治600余患者,开展了清创手术和全麻大型手术。     

卫生短信

全军医院全力救治震区伤员；总政总后派医学专家指导团指导灾区伤员救治工作；全军126支防疫队在灾区开展卫生防疫工作；救灾遇难伤残的军队独生子女家庭可获救助；解放军人兽共患病防疫队战斗在四川地震灾区。     

野战救护预案在地震伤员紧急手术救治中的应用效果

“5·12“汶川大地震后。作为灾区的一家大型军队医院,以其较高的军事素质和快速反应能力,迅速启动科室野战救护预案,成立地震伤员手术抢救指挥小组,地震当时我科还有4台手术正在进行中,紧急安排手术护士继续坚守岗位直到手术结束并负责病人安全转移,其余护士到户外利用野战救护装备建立野战手术抢救区,以野战救护模式对大批地震伤员进行紧急手术,确保了住院手术病人的安全和大批地震伤员的有效救治。     

印尼日惹地震救援中骨折患者手术治疗的研究和探讨

2006年5月27日凌晨,印尼日惹地区发生里氏6．4级地震,造成严重人员伤亡,中国政府派出国际救援队在地震灾区展开救援。此次救援中,救援队在地震灾区展开流动医院,历时19d,外科救治组共救治患者1000余例,首次大量开展各类大型手术,其中主要为骨折及脱位,现探讨如下。     

参加四川汶川特大地震医疗救援的启示

“5·12”四川汶川特大地震后，根据上级指示，我们作为首批抗震救灾医疗队，在第一时间紧急赶赴地震灾区，参加了伤病救治、卫生防疫和心理疏导等工作。经过“实战”的锻炼，对进一步搞好军队医院卫勤力量建设和战备工作等问题有了新的认识。     

成都军区青海玉树抗震救灾医学救援实践与启示

青海玉树“4·14”地震发生后，经历汶川特大地震的成都军区卫生系统快速反应，先后紧急抽组待命卫勤力量11支，派出3支医疗队89名医务人员深入灾区，救治伤病员2399人，后送69人，巡诊15932人次。在分流至四川的360名地震伤员中，成都2所军队医院接收119名，无一人死亡。     

后方医院参与汶川地震医疗救援的行动策略

汶川地震医疗救援包括对地震灾区伤员的医疗救助、重建灾区医疗单位救治能力和补充医疗人员.后方医院应当在震后迅速采取行动,派出医疗分队前伸到灾区参与前线的医疗救助,快速建立区域性地震伤员救治网络,启动院内救治系统,积极收治伤员.在救命治伤的同时,不能忽视对伤员的人文关怀.     

Glutamine supplementation in vitro and in vivo,in exercise and in immunodepression

In situations of stress, such as clinical trauma, starvation or prolonged, strenuous exercise, the concentration of glutamine in the blood is decreased, often substantially. In endurance athletes this decrease occurs concomitantly with relatively transient immunodepression. Glutamine is used as a fuel by some cells of the immune system. Provision of glutamine or a glutamine precursor, such as branched chain amino acids, has been seen to have a beneficial effect on gut function, on morbidity and mortality, and on some aspects of immune cell function in clinical studies. It has also been seen to decrease the self-reported incidence of illness in endurance athletes. So far, there is no firm evidence as to precisely which aspect of the immune system is affected by glutamine feeding during the transient immunodepression that occurs after prolonged, strenuous exercise. However, there is increasing evidence that neutrophils may be implicated. Other aspects of glutamine and glutamine supplementation are also addressed.     

Temporal changes in the oxidation state in in vitro blood

The rates at which the paramagnetic compounds deoxyhemoglobin (Hb) and methemoglobin (MHb) form in vivo within an area of hemorrhage are unknown. The present experiment establishes the baseline concentrations and rates of change in paramagnetic hemoglobin concentrations, as well as the pH in normal heparinized and clotted human blood maintained in vitro at 37 degrees C under anaerobic conditions over 30 hours. There was a moderate increase in Hb concentration in normal heparinized blood (average increase was 15.5%, rate = 0.50%/hour) and a slight increase in MHb concentration in the heparinized blood and clots (average increase was 1.4%, rate = 0.044%/hour). A second experiment was done to verify the activity of the RBC systems responsible for maintaining the hemoglobin molecule in the reduced state. Conversion of MHb to Hb in these samples proceeded at a rate of 5.6%/hour. In a third experiment, blood from 11 normal subjects maintained at 4 degrees C 25 degrees C was analyzed for MHb concentration over the course of 28 days. The level of MHb formation remained in the range of normal for at least 11 days in all subjects. The authors conclude that at basal conditions created in vitro, the blood levels of both Hb and MHb remain at relatively low levels. Therefore, if the accumulation of Hb and/or MHb occurs in acute in vivo hematomas it must be driven by intrinsic tissue factors.     

Carcinoma in situ in cryptorchid testes in post-pubertal patients]

The pathohistologic analysis of testis sections of 37 postpuberty patients with different types of cryptorchism is performed. The tissue samples were taken during orchiopehy, fixed in Bouin's solution and treated by the standard histologic techniques. The morphologic criteria are presented for identification of the presence of the so called carcinoma in situ cells found in two cases. Besides, in 13 patients rare, mainly single, atypical germinative cells were found in a smaller number of the seminiferous tubules. It has been concluded that the presence of carcinoma in situ cells in undescended testes of some patients and considering the simple way of sampling, lack of complications and high reliability of the diagnostic procedure, it is absolutely justified to take routine biopsy of testes during orchiopexy in each postpuberty and perhaps prepuberty patient.     

我国医用辐射防护研究概况

医学放射学技术的迅速发展及介入放射学在临床广泛应用，使更多的人受到电离辐射的照射，同时也促进了医疗照射防护工作的发展。文中重点综述了我国医用辐射防护工作者近年来在Ｘ射线ＣＴ的医疗照射防护、对介入放射学工作者的剂量监测以及应用医疗照射防护体系，降低医疗照射剂量等方面所作出的成绩和研究进展     

新时期军医学院人才培养的思考

在新的历史条件下 ,军医学院迎接未来高技术局部战争的挑战 ,适应部队武器装备的不断更新以及医学科技、社会发展对人才素质提出的新要求 ,必须在更为广阔的时空背景下找准人才培养的着眼点 ,科学确立人才培养方向 ,提高人才培养质量。现就人才培养思考如下 :1　改变教育观念 ,     

成批煤气爆燃烧伤的救治体会

报道治疗因煤气泄漏爆炸烧伤病员7例，经应用MEBT技术积极救治，其中6例于伤后17天痊愈出院，另一例特重伤员也于伤后30天康复出院。作者认为：应严格按照MEBT／MEBO要求进行规范治疗，正确处理生命体征、休克、感染、脏器功能和创面的辨证关系。同时，不能忽视外科营养在过程中的重要作用，它是创面修复的物质保证。