2001-2011年PubMed数据库航天医学文献分布研究

本文通过文献计量学相关方法,对PubMed数据库2001～2011年收录的航天医学类非综述文献进行分布研究,统计分析了论文的年度分布、核心期刊分布、核心作者分布、语种分布、国别分布等;同时,对出现次数超过一定阈值、能准确表达文献内容的MeSh主题词进行共现聚类分析,结合语义分析,以发现航天医学领域近10年的主要研究热点...     

《中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志》2003-2010年文献计量学分析

目的 通过对《中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志》2003-2010年论文进行文献计量学分析,探讨提升该杂志学术水平的有效途径.方法 运用文献计量学分析方法,对杂志的刊均发文量、影响因子、基金论文比、总被引频次、地区分布数等进行统计并分析.结果 在2003-2010年间,刊均发文量、总被引频次、基金论文比、地区分布数、平均作者数、机构分布数均保持稳定,并且呈增长趋势.影响因子2009年、2010年有所下降,可能与部分优秀论文流向SCI期刊或大型综合性期刊有关.结论 《中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志》为特种医学期刊中的核心期刊,也是航海医学与高气压医学科研成果交流的重要平台,需要在文献计量学方法指导下,进一步提升杂志学术水平,促进学科发展.     

2005～2006年激光医学文献在我国期刊中的分布初步调查

为了使广大医务工作者了解我国激光医学方面的期刊信息,花费有限的时间和精力能迅速查阅更多的相关文献资料,掌握其发展动向,特别是激光治疗方面的研究进展;同时使医学图书文献信息部门(医学院校、医院、研究所)在选购这方面的文献时既不减少有效信息,义能尽量节约经费,笔者采用文献计量学的方法,对我国2005～2006年激光医学在我国期刊中文献的分布作了初步调查,从中找出该学科领域的主要期刊,即核心期刊,供广大医务工作者和医学图书情报人员参阅.     

2003-2013年国内外转化医学文献的对比分析

目的运用文献计量学的方法探讨2003—2013年国内外转化医学的发展现状、国家间合作、学科分布以及研究热点等特点,为相关研究提供参考。方法计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、万方数据知识服务平台、中文科技期刊数据库、中国知网期刊全文数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库,查找国内外关于转化医学研究的文献,检索时间均限定为2003年1月1日—2013年12月31日。运用Excel 2013提取文献的基本信息,社会网络分析软件Ucinet 6.0分析国家间的合作关系,HistCite 12.03进行文献时间序列分析。结果共纳入中外文转化医学研究文献4 143篇。通过对文献的国家分布及其合作情况进行分析,显示开展转化医学研究的63个国家主要集中在欧洲和北美地区,其中美国的发文量、文献的被引用频次以及与其他国家的合作度最高。从文献的期刊和学科分布来看,国外发表转化医学相关期刊的种类比国内多（711比314）,刊均载文量也比国内多（4.5比2.8）。国内外转化医学研究热点主要集中在基础实验和肿瘤方面,此外国内还特别关注了中医药的转化研究。引文时间序列分析显示与转化医学研究发展相关的重要文献有50篇,主要集中在2003—2011年。结论转化医学研究是当前医学研究中的热点,欧洲和北美国家处于主导地位。国内转化医学研究水平与国外差距较大,主要体现在文献的数量、被引用情况以及与其他国家的合作度均较低。     

1999～2004年《航天医学与医学工程》被引分析研究

目的 从文献引证的角度透视《航天医学与医学工程》（SMME）的学术水平和期刊质量。方法 依据《中国生物医学期刊引文数据库》（Chinese Medical Citation Index,CMCI）,采用文献计量方法对《航天医学与医学工程》载文被CMCI来源期刊引用的情况进行统计分析及评价。结果 单篇论文平均被引次数为2．25次,被引频次较高的论文数量较多,被引作者群的地域分布13个省（直辖市）,北京和陕西在航天医学工程研究领域居于前列。有109种期刊引用该刊,自引率为43．97％。结论 《航天医学与医学工程》所栽文献质量较高,形成具有独立风格和特色且相对稳定的研究体系。该刊不仅是我国航天医学与医学工程研究领域最重要的信息源之一,也是我国医学领域的主要核心期刊。     

《中国运动医学杂志》1982～1992年引文分析

运用文献计量学方法，对《中国运动医学杂志》１９８２～１９９２年１１年的论著引用的文献进行了统计分析，引文的分布规律表明该刊的质量较好。同时分析出该学科中文核心期刊１５种，外文核心期刊２３种，可供医学信息部门选订期刊和运动医学专业人员阅读文献时参考。     

辐射损伤文献在我国期刊中的分布

采用文献计量学方法 ,我们对国内辐射损伤期刊文献分布作了初步调查 ,从中找出该学科领域的主要期刊 ,即核心期刊 ,供广大专业工作者和图书情报部门参阅。一、文献来源和统计方法本文统计的期刊文献来源是中国医学科学院医学信息研究所制作的《中国生物医学文献数据库》(简称Ｃｂｍｄｉｓｃ) ,我们对 1995～ 1999年《数据库》中有关辐射损伤方面的文献篇目逐一统计、整理、归纳 ,从中找出核心期刊。二、结果与讨论结果表明 ,1995～ 1999年 5年中共有 30 2种期刊登载辐射损伤相关文献 ,其中中华医学系列杂志 2 8种 ;中国医学系列杂志 46种 ;…     

我国航天(航空)医学期刊文献分布的初步调查(摘要)

为了使广大专业工作者和图书情报人员及时了解掌握我国航天(航空)医学方面的研究进展,我们采用文献计量学方法对我国航天(航空)医学方面的期刊文献分布作了初步调查,即对1984～1991年《中文科技资料目录(医药卫生)》中有关文献题录逐一统计、整理,从中找出重要期刊,供广大专业人员参阅。调查结果表明,1984～1991年中共有39种期刊刊载有关航天(航空)医学方面的文献,共计332篇,其中主要有:1.航天医学与医学工程(81);2.空军总医院学报(45);3.国外医学军事医学分册(44);4.中华航空医学杂志(30);5.中国应     

《国外医学临床放射学分册》综述刊载情况分析

应用文献计量学和数理统计学方法,对<国外医学临床放射学分册>1999年-2003年刊载的365篇综述进行统计分析.通过对主题内容、综述来源、单位和地区分布以及引用文献和参考文献应用期刊等数据的统计分析,旨在揭示近5年国外医学有关影像诊断学和放射治疗学的研究动态和方向,为读者及作者提供国外医学影像诊断学和放射治疗学的信息,为图书馆藏书建设提供依据.     

《国外医学临床放射学分册》综述刊载情况分析

应用文献计量学和数理统计学方法，对《国外医学临床放射学分册》1999年-2003年刊载的365篇综述进行统计分析。通过对主题内容、综述来源、单位和地区分布以及引用文献和参考文献应用期刊等数据的统计分析，旨在揭示近5年国外医学有关影像诊断学和放射治疗学的研究动态和方向，为读者及作者提供国外医学影像诊断学和放射治疗学的信息，为图书馆藏书建设提供依据。     

Assessment of hepatic iron content using magnetic resonance imaging

Numerous studies over the past decade have shown that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has great potential for detecting and quantifying the distribution of iron in the body. With MRI, tissue iron is indirectly identified by the paramagnetic effects of iron on the shortening of water proton MR relaxation times. However, these effects are complex and involve a number of factors, such as tissue hydration, distribution of iron and water within the tissue, and the amount of iron loading within the iron storage molecules. A coherent understanding of how these factors influence the MRI signal is still lacking. The dependence on experimental conditions, such as magnet field strength, pulse sequences, and data acquisition parameters, further complicates iron quantification with MRI. To date, there is no generally accepted MRI approach available for clinical application. In this review, we first explain the basic MR relaxation mechanisms underlying the detection of iron with MRI. We then review the literature on empirical MRI studies of hepatic iron. Finally, we summarize the critical issues that need to be addressed to develop MRI techniques for non-invasive iron detection in the body.     

Near-infrared fluorescence imaging and histology confirm anomalous edematous signal distribution detected in the rat lung by MRI after allergen challenge

PURPOSE: To address the issue concerning the predominant location, on the left anatomic side, of edematous signals detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the lungs of actively sensitized rats following intratracheal (IT) allergen challenge. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging was used to detect the lobular distribution in the lungs of normal rats of an IT instilled fluorescent dye, Cy5.5. Actively sensitized Brown Norway rats were examined by MRI 24 hours after IT administration of ovalbumin. The perivascular edema was quantified by histology in the different lobes of lungs removed from the same animals immediately after the MRI acquisitions. RESULTS: An uneven distribution of Cy5.5 was found, predominantly on the left lobe, paralleling the localized development of allergic pulmonary inflammation in the left lobe detected as edematous signal by MRI and confirmed by histology. The patterns of the distributions of the dye between and within the lobes were very similar to those of perivascular edema assessed histologically. CONCLUSION: The data indicate a relationship between the molecular deposition of the dye detected by NIRF in the lungs and the distribution of allergen eliciting the development of pulmonary inflammation in actively rats. The combination of MRI with NIRF imaging may provide important information in preclinical pharmacologic research in the area of airway diseases. While MRI is able to address the effects of compounds on the inflammatory response in models of airways diseases, NIRF imaging may provide important insights on drug distribution and interaction in the lung, being thus suited for molecular imaging studies.     

颅内肿瘤脑脊液播散的 MRI 表现及影响因素

目的：分析颅内肿瘤脑脊液播散的 MRI 表现及影响脑脊液播散的因素。方法回顾性分析经临床和(或)手术病理证实的33例颅内肿瘤脑脊液播散患者 MRI 资料。所有患者均进行平扫和增强 MRI 检查。结果按播散病灶的分布进行分类：软脑脊膜-蛛网膜型平扫显示2例阳性,增强8例阳性;室管膜下型平扫显示9例阳性,增强8例阳性;混合型平扫显示8例阳性,增强17例阳性。按播散病灶的大小进行分类：线状增厚型平扫显示均为阴性,增强9例阳性;结节型平扫显示18例阳性,增强9例阳性;混合型平扫显示1例阳性,增强15例阳性。结论MRI 增强扫描能够充分显示颅内肿瘤脑脊液播散的特点,并可对播散灶按分布及大小进行分型。手术、原发肿瘤部位与级别等是影响脑脊液播散的主要因素。高、低级别的颅内肿瘤均可发生脑脊液播散,以高级别肿瘤多见。     

磁性药物靶向治疗中MRI检测磁流体体内分布的实验研究

目的:利用MRI技术探讨在磁性药物靶向治疗中磁流体作为药物载体的体内靶向性.材料和方法:取大鼠6只,实验组和对照组各3只.将对照组大鼠从股静脉注射磁流体,同时将实验组大鼠的右肾部位置于C型磁体中,从股静脉注射磁流体后持续置于磁体中1小时,取出半小时后同对照组大鼠一同进行MR扫描,分别检测磁流体在各大鼠右肾部位的分布情况.结果:从MRI图像中可以明显看出大鼠右肾部位的信号强度大大减小,有较高浓度的磁流体在右肾部位聚集.结论:采用磁流体作为药物的载体,在外磁场作用下可实现靶向控制,提高药物在靶部位的聚集浓度.选用磁共振成像技术检测磁流体在体内的聚集情况是行之有效的.     

Intra-articular distribution pattern after ultrasound-guided injections in wrist joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Objective

To investigate the distribution of an ultrasound-guided intra-articular (IA) injection in the wrist joint of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods

An ultrasound-guided IA drug injection into the wrist joint was performed in 17 patients with 1 ml methylprednisolone (40 mg/ml), 0.5 ml Lidocaine^® (5 mg/ml) and 0.15 ml gadolinium (Omniscan 0.5 mmol/ml). The drug solution was placed in the central proximal part of the wrist between the distal radius and the lunate bone. Coronal and axial MRI sequences were performed after the injection to visualize the distribution. Carpal distribution (radio-carpal, inter-carpal, and carpo-metacarpal) as well as radio-ulnar distribution was recorded. Full distribution in one compartment was given the value 1, partial distribution 0.5 and no distribution 0. A sum of the total distribution for all four compartments was calculated and correlated to the clinical parameters and the MRI OMERACT scores.

Results

No uniform pattern was seen in the distribution of the contrast. Only two patients had full contrast distribution to all four compartments, and the mean distribution count for all patients was 2.4 (range 0.5–4). The distribution count correlated with the MRI OMERACT synovitis score (r = 0.60, p = 0.014), but not with the erosions, bonemarrow oedema scores or any clinical parameters.

Conclusion

The distribution of contrast on MRI showed patient specific and random patterns after IA injections in active RA wrist joints. The degree of distribution increased with the MRI synovitis score, while no association was found with the erosion- and bonemarrow oedema score. These results indicate that a single injection into a standard injection site in the proximal part of the wrist cannot be assumed to distribute – and treat – the whole joint.     

MRI of fat distribution in a mouse model of lysosomal acid lipase deficiency

OBJECTIVE: We assessed the use of MRI in the evaluation of abdominal fat distribution in a lysosomal acid lipase (LAL)-deficient mouse model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: LAL-deficient mice are born with a normal fat distribution but over time deplete the fat stores in the subcutaneous and retroperitoneal tissues and accumulate fat in the liver, spleen, and bowel. Four MRI studies of LAL-deficient mice and control mice were obtained with 3-T T1-weighted spin-echo images and volume segmentation processing to create parameters for the study of fat distribution: intraabdominal adipose tissue-subcutaneous adipose tissue (IAT/SAT) ratio, liver volume, reproductive fat, and retroperitoneal fat. MRI adiposity parameters in LAL-deficient mice were compared with those in control mice. Adiposity volumes calculated on MRI were compared with those calculated at autopsy. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found between LAL-deficient and control mice for IAT/SAT ratio (p=0.0336), liver volume (p=0.0336), and reproductive fat (p=0.0336), and a statistically significant trend was found for retroperitoneal fat (p=0.0514). No statistically significant difference was found between adiposity volumes calculated on MRI and adiposity volumes found at autopsy (all p >0.2). CONCLUSION: Use of an in vivo model showed MRI techniques to be accurate in predicting visceral adiposity. LAL-deficient mice provided a unique model showing a pattern of adipose distribution that is markedly different from that in control mice, and MRI may provide a means of evaluating therapeutic interventions sequentially.     

髌骨与髌韧带长度比值的MR测量

目的:通过MR成像确定髌骨与髌韧带长度比值的正常范围,诊断髌骨位置异常。方法:无髌骨及髌韧带损伤患者311名,行单膝关节MRI检查。在MRI矢状面图像上测量髌骨长度(PL)和髌韧带长度(TL),并计算TL/PL的比值。比值分布范围的两个极端2.5%认为是髌骨高位和髌骨低位。结果:TL/PL值范围为0.617～1.88(平均1.067)。MRI上髌骨高位的TL/PL值>1.433,髌骨低位的TL/PL值<0.775。女性的TL/PL值(平均1.083)和男性(平均1.054)差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。本研究人群与以色列学者Shabshin等所研究人群之间的TL/PL比值分布没有统计学差异(t=1.865,P=0.063>0.05)。结论:MRI上TL/PL值的正常范围为0.775～1.433(平均1.067)。>1.433可认为髌骨高位;<0.775可认为髌骨低位。通过MRI诊断髌骨高位和髌骨低位准确可行。     

MRI of Takayasu's arteritis: typical appearances and complications

OBJECTIVE: Although Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is more common in Asian countries, it has a worldwide distribution. MRI is widely used for its diagnosis. Our purpose is to present a comprehensive pictorial review of its typical appearances and complications on MRI. CONCLUSION: MRI can effectively provide almost all anatomic information in patients with TA. MRI is very useful for accurate diagnosis of TA and its complications. Knowledge of MRI findings is essential for improving patient outcome.     

Development of a PEDRI free-radical imager using a 0.38 T clinical MRI system.

Proton electron double resonance imaging (PEDRI) uses the Overhauser effect to image the distribution of free-radicals in biological samples and animals. Standard MRI hardware and software is used, with the addition of hardware to irradiate the free-radical-of-interest's EPR resonance. For in vivo applications it must be implemented at a sufficiently low magnetic field to result in an EPR irradiation frequency that will penetrate the sample but will not cause excessive nonresonant power deposition therein. Many clinical MRI systems use resistive magnets that are capable of operating at 10-20 mT, and which could thus be used as PEDRI imagers with the addition of a small amount of extra hardware. This article describes the conversion of a 0.38 T whole-body MRI system for operation as a 20.1 mT small-animal PEDRI imager. The magnet power supply control electronics required a small modification to operate at the lower field strength, but no permanent hardware changes to the MRI console were necessary, and no software modification was required. Frequency down- and up-conversion was used on the NMR RF system, together with a new NMR/EPR dual-resonance RF coil assembly. The system was tested on phantoms containing free-radical solution, and was also used to image the distribution of a free-radical contrast agent injected intravenously into anesthetized mice.     

Pharmacokinetic modeling of delayed gadolinium enhancement in the myocardium

Delayed contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI) provides prognostic information by delineating regions of myocardial scar. The mechanism of this delayed enhancement in myocardial infarctions (MIs) is hypothesized to result from altered kinetics and changes in the volumes of distribution in the myocardium. Pharmacokinetic models with two and three compartments were fitted to the concentration‐time curves of dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI data obtained from five patients with known MI. Furthermore, the parameter stability was investigated in simulations for the two different models. The transfer constants and volumes of distribution showed a good correlation with imaging findings on early and delayed contrast‐enhanced MRI. The two compartment model showed higher parameter stability. The three compartment model allows a more in‐depth quantification of myocardial scarring. These models have the potential to improve the diagnosis of myocardial pathologies involving scar, with differing kinetics and volumes of distribution such as infarction or cardiomyopathy. Magn Reson Med 60:1524–1530, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.