腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT表现

目的:探讨腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT和临床表现特点。方法:回顾性分析经手术及病理学证实的12例腮腺淋巴瘤的CT表现,主要观察病灶大小、数目、形态、位置及其密度。结果:12例腮腺腺淋巴瘤患者均为男性,7例病灶单发,5例多发(其中3例为双侧腮腺腺淋巴瘤),共21个病灶,其中13个(61.9%)病灶位于腮腺后下象限;CT表现病灶呈类圆形、椭圆形及分叶状软组织肿块,边界清,密度均匀(12个)或不均,CT增强扫描病灶实性部分CT值增高10～65HU,其中13个(61.9%)病灶内见小血管通过或包绕。结论:年龄50岁以上男性患者,CT表现腮腺浅叶后下象限病灶,边界清,强化明显,特别是多发病灶和(或)病灶内见小血管进入时应首先考虑腮腺腺淋巴瘤可能。     

腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT表现(附9例报告)

目的:探讨腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT表现特点。方法:回顾性分析经手术病理学证实的腮腺腺淋巴瘤患者9例。观察病灶数目、部位、大小、形态、密度,将腮腺矢状面分成4个象限。结果:9例患者,15个病灶,病灶位于腮腺后下象限者10个,1例双侧均为腮腺腺淋巴瘤,14个病灶边缘清楚,病灶大小1.1~3.2cm,平均CT值48HU。结论:50岁以上的男性患者,CT显示腮腺浅叶的后下象限病灶,边界光整、多发时应首先考虑腮腺腺淋巴瘤可能。     

腮腺腺淋巴瘤的多层螺旋CT表现特征

目的探讨多层螺旋CT对腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT表现特征的显示。方法回顾性分析21例经病理证实的腮腺腺淋巴瘤（adenolymphomas）的影像资料及其相关病理学改变,包括：病灶数目、部位（分成4个象限）、形态、大小;平扫、增强CT值及强化特征;下颌后静脉移位情况。结果21例腮腺腺淋巴瘤患者中男性16例,女性5例,50岁以上者17例,吸烟者18例。17例病灶单发,4例多发（其中1例为双侧腮腺腺淋巴瘤）,共25个病灶,其中病灶位于腮腺后下象限者14个,下颌后静脉前外侧移位16个,病灶边界清楚24个,密度不均匀13个,内可见小血管影15个,增强CT值平均上升31．3Hu。结论〉50岁的男性患者有吸烟史,CT发现腮腺浅叶的后下象限具有良性肿瘤病灶特征,内部密度不均匀有小血管影,强化较明显,且病灶多发时,诊断时应首先考虑腺淋巴瘤可能。     

腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT和MRI表现

目的探讨腮腺腺淋巴瘤(Warthin瘤)的CT及MRI表现,旨在提高对本病的认识。资料与方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的14例腮腺淋巴瘤的CT和MRI表现。12例行CT平扫,其中10例行增强扫描;2例行MRI平扫,其中1例行增强扫描。结果 14例共22个病灶,单侧多发3例,单侧单发9例,双侧单发2例且其中1例为术后14年对侧再发。16个(72.7%)病灶或病灶主体位于腮腺浅叶后下极,长径0.8～5.0cm,平均长径(2.3±1.3)cm,病灶呈圆形或卵圆形;19个(86.4%)病灶边缘光整,3例单发病灶边缘模糊,手术证实合并感染。12例(共18个病灶)CT平扫14个(77.8%)病灶密度均匀,4个(22.2%)病灶密度不均匀;10例(共15个病灶)增强扫描7个(46.7%)病灶呈明显强化,5个(33.3%)病灶呈中度强化,3个(20%)病灶呈轻度强化。3个病灶可见边缘线样强化。MRI上肿瘤呈均匀或不均匀信号,T1WI呈低信号,T2WI呈中等或高信号;平扫包膜呈环状低信号,增强扫描呈轻度强化。结论中老年男性,病灶位于腮腺后下极,边缘清晰,明显强化,特别是双侧或多发病灶,并有吸烟史者,应首先考虑腮腺腺淋巴瘤的诊断。     

腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT、MRI诊断及鉴别诊断

目的探讨腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT、MRI表现特点,提高对本病的诊断及鉴别诊断水平。方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的24例腮腺腺淋巴瘤患者的临床及CT、MRI表现。结果 24例腮腺腺淋巴瘤共发现37个肿瘤(单侧单发13例,单侧多发6例.双侧多发5例),其中30个(81.1%)位于腮腺浅叶和后下象限。肿瘤一般呈圆形、椭圆形或分叶状软组织肿块,边缘光整,密度均匀或不均匀,囊变区呈类圆形液性密度灶;T1WI呈低信号,T2WI及压脂T2WI呈低、高混杂信号,囊变区呈明显的T1WI低信号T2WI高信号。增强后表现为早期轻中度强化。结论腮腺腺淋巴瘤有一定的临床和影像特点.根据其发病年龄、性别、部位及影像学表现,有助于该病的诊断和鉴别诊断。     

腮腺多形性腺瘤与腺淋巴瘤的CT影像特征及对比分析

目的：探讨腮腺多形性腺瘤与腺淋巴瘤的CT影像特点,提高对两者的鉴别诊断能力。方法回顾性研究经手术病理证实的13例多形性腺瘤及9例腺淋巴瘤的CT表现,并做对比分析。结果13例多形性腺瘤均为单发,11例位于腮腺非后下象限,增强11例表现为持续性或延迟强化,呈“慢进慢出”改变;9例腺淋巴瘤3例多发共13个病灶,9个病灶位于腮腺后下象限,增强9个病灶动脉期显著强化,延迟期强化减退,呈“快进快出”表现。结论腮腺多形性腺瘤与腺淋巴瘤 CT 影像表现各有特点,掌握各自特征性影像表现并结合临床资料,绝大多数病灶术前可以做出正确诊断。     

CT双期增强对腮腺腺淋巴瘤的诊断价值

目的探讨腮腺腺淋巴瘤CT双期增强的影像特点,以提高对本病的诊断水平。方法回顾性分析本院经手术及组织病理学证实的17例腮腺腺淋巴瘤增强前后的CT表现,观察病灶的部位、形态、大小、密度、边界、强化程度及方式。结果 17例腺淋巴瘤单侧单发12例,单侧多发2例,双侧发病3例,共22个病灶,其中16个(72.7%)病灶位于腮腺后下象限;病灶多呈类圆形、椭圆形或浅分叶软组织影,边界清晰,密度均匀(15个)或不均匀(7个),不均匀者见囊变区;CT双期增强扫描,早期病灶实性部分CT值上升约30~68HU,其中12个(54.5%)病灶见包绕血管和(或)血管贴边征;晚期15个(68.2%)病灶强化减退,CT值下降约10~35HU,多呈"快进快出"表现,囊变区无强化。结论腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT双期强化方式有一定特征性,结合发病年龄、性别、部位等特点可提高诊断的正确性。     

腮腺腺淋巴瘤的CT、MRI表现特征

【摘要】 目的：探讨腮腺腺淋巴瘤的临床及CT、MRI表现特征。方法：回顾性分析经组织病理学证实的24例腮腺腺淋巴瘤患者的临床及CT、MRI表现特点,着重观察其部位、大小、形态、边缘、CT密度或MRI信号、强化形式等。结果：24例均为中老年男性,20例有嗜烟史。24例CT和MRI共发现56个病灶,其中单发9例,多发15例。49个病灶位于腮腺浅叶,7个病灶跨叶,32个病灶位于腮腺浅叶后下极。病灶长径0.3～4.6cm,平均长径约2.9cm。53个病灶包膜完整,边缘清楚。30个病灶呈实性,26个呈囊实性,囊变区呈裂隙状或分隔状。实性部分CT表现为密度均匀肿块,增强多呈中度至明显强化。MRI平扫病灶信号均匀或不均匀,T1WI呈等或稍低信号,T2WI呈稍高信号。增强多呈早期明显强化、延迟期强化减低。部分病灶可见血管包绕或小血管穿行,邻近下颌后静脉受压推移。结论：腮腺腺淋巴瘤的临床和CT、MRI表现具有一定特征性,分析其CT和MRI表现并结合临床资料,可为诊断提供重要参考。     

腺腺淋巴瘤的CT、MRI表现特征

目的：探讨腮腺腺淋巴瘤的,临床及CT、MRI表现特征。方法：回顾性分析经组织病理学证实的24例腮腺腺淋巴瘤患者的临床及CT、MRI表现特点,着重观察其部位、大小、形态、边缘、CT密度或MRI信号、强化形式等。结果：24例均为中老年男性,20例有嗜烟史。24例CT和MRI共发现56个病灶,其中单发9例,多发15例。49个病灶位于腮腺浅叶,7个病灶跨叶,32个病灶位于腮腺浅叶后下极。病灶长径0．3～4．6cm,平均长径约2．9cm。53个病灶包膜完整,边缘清楚。30个病灶呈实性,26个呈囊实性,囊变区呈裂隙状或分隔状。实性部分CT表现为密度均匀肿块,增强多呈中度至明显强化。MRI平扫病灶信号均匀或不均匀,T1WI呈等或稍低信号,T2WI呈稍高信号。增强多呈早期明显强化、延迟期强化减低。部分病灶可见血管包绕或小血管穿行,邻近下颌后静脉受压推移。结论：腮腺腺淋巴瘤的,临床和CT、MRI表现具有一定特征性,分析其CT和MRI表现并结合临床资料,可为诊断提供重要参考。     

腮腺腺淋巴瘤与多形性腺瘤的双期增强CT表现与鉴别

目的通过观察腮腺腺淋巴瘤与多形性腺瘤的CT影像学表现,探讨腮腺腺淋巴瘤与多形性腺瘤的双期增强CT表现及其鉴别价值。方法回顾本院经手术及病理证实的16例腮腺腺淋巴瘤(A组)患者临床资料,分析其CT影像学表现,并与同期23例腮腺多形性腺瘤(B组)患者比较。结果 A组腮腺腺淋巴瘤:多发于50岁以上男性,多位于腮腺后下象限,边界清楚光整,呈均匀稍高密度或伴囊变坏死低密度,增强扫描多呈"快进快出"表现;B组多形性腺瘤:多发于中年,多位于腮腺非后下象限,边界清楚光整,呈均匀稍高密度或伴囊变坏死及钙化,增强扫描呈缓慢渐进性强化。A、B两组患者在病灶部位、分叶状病灶所占比例、增强扫描后CT值上升平均值比较,两组差异具有显著性(P<0.05);病灶大小、密度对比,两组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论腮腺腺淋巴瘤与多形性腺瘤的双期增强CT表现具有特征性,对两者的鉴别具有重要价值。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）