δ-氨基-γ-酮戊酸脱水酶基因多态性与维吾尔族、汉族儿童铅中毒遗传易感性

目的探讨维吾尔族和汉族儿童δ-氨基-γ-酮戊酸脱水酶(ALAD)基因多态性及其与铅中毒遗传易感性的关系。方法PCR-RFLP方法对新疆乌鲁木齐市的维吾尔族443名和汉族469名儿童ALAD基因多态性进行分析。应用单因素和多因素分析探讨了维吾尔族和汉族儿童ALAD基因多态性与血铅水平的关系,及影响血铅水平的因素。结果在维吾尔族人群中,ALAD1和ALAD2等位基因频率分别为90.52%和9.48%;在汉族人群中,ALAD1和ALAD2等位基因频率分别为95.73%和4.27%;两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。维族儿童血铅浓度为(55.86±2.23)μg/L,铅中毒流行率为23.25%;汉族儿童血铅浓度为(53.05±2.24)μg/L,铅中毒的流行率为23.31%,两民族血铅水平和铅中毒流行率之间均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论维吾尔族和汉族儿童ALAD基因多态性与血铅水平间无相关关系。     

中国维吾尔族和彝族人群δ-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶基因多态性与铅遗传易感性的关系

目的　探讨我国维吾尔族、彝族人群δ 氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶 (ALAD)基因多态性与铅遗传易感性的关系。方法　采用多聚酶链式反应 (PCR)和限制性内切酶 (MspI)限制性片断长度多态性(RFLP)方法分析 2 14名新疆维吾尔族人和 14 4名云南彝族人的ALAD基因多态性及等位基因分布 ;运用单因素和多因素分析探讨了维吾尔族和彝族人群ALAD基因多态性与血铅水平的相关关系 ,及影响血铅水平的因素。结果　维族人群ALAD1和ALAD2 等位基因分布频率分别是 0 .91和 0 .0 9;彝族人群ALAD1和ALAD2 等位基因频率分别是 0 .98和 0 .0 2。维族人群的血铅均值为 (76± 4 ) μg/L ,血铅≥10 0 μg/L的比例为 2 5 .7% ;彝族人群的血铅均值为 (5 0± 16 ) μg/L ,血铅≥ 10 0 μg/L的比例为 6 .3%。未见本研究人群ALAD等位基因的多态性与血铅水平有相关关系。结论　ALAD基因多态性对铅毒性影响的方式可能与机体铅的负荷量密切相关     

新疆不同民族血管紧张素转换酶基因多态性分析

目的研究新疆地区不同民族人群血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)基因插入/缺失多态性分布情况,为从分子水平了解心血管疾病的发病率与不同种族间的差异提供依据。方法采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)分别检测总计305例新疆地区不同民族正常人群样本的ACE I/D基因型,分类计数进行分析。结果ACE基因3种基因型频率分别为:汉族DD型19.51%,ID型32.93%,Ⅱ型47.56%,D和I等位基因频率分别为36%和64%;维吾尔族DD型46.34%,ID型34.15%,Ⅱ型19.51%,D和I等位基因频率分别为63.41%和36.59%;哈萨克族DD型79.66%,ID型3.39%,Ⅱ型16.95%,D和I等位基因频率分别为81.36%和18.64%;蒙古族DD型24.39%,ID型26.83%,Ⅱ型48.78%,D和I等位基因频率分别为37.8%和62.2%。结论ACE基因多态性的分布与性别无关;新疆地区不同民族人群ACE基因频率分布,汉族、蒙古族与日本人相近,DD型及D等位基因频率低于欧美人群。维吾尔族、哈萨克族与欧美人群相近,甚至哈萨克族DD型及D等位基因频率更高,而Ⅱ型及I等位基因频率均低于日本人。     

深圳地区汉族儿童维生素D受体基因Bsm I和Fok I位点多态性调查

目的 了解深圳地区汉族儿童维生素D受体(VDR)基因Bsm I和Fok I位点的多态性分布特点,为提高儿童科学补钙的依从性并促进儿童生长发育。方法 应用荧光定量PCR方法,检测233名深圳地区汉族儿童的VDR基因Bsm I和Fok I位点多态性,分析各基因型和等位基因频率分布,并与已报道的其他地区的数据进行比较。结果 本研究人群VDR Bsm I位点bb、Bb、BB基因型的分布频率分别为88.4%、11.6%、0,b、B等位基因频率分别为95.0%和5.0%;VDR Fok I位点ff、Ff、FF基因型的分布频率分别为18.6%、52.0%、29.4%,f、F等位基因频率分别为55.8%和44.2%。结论 深圳地区汉族儿童VDR Bsm I和VDR Fok I位点各基因型和等位基因的频率分布特征与已报道的上海、江苏地区差异有统计学意义。     

深圳地区汉族儿童维生素D受体基因BsmⅠ和FokⅠ位点多态性调查

目的了解深圳地区汉族儿童维生素D受体(VDR)基因BsmⅠ和FokⅠ位点的多态性分布特点,为提高儿童科学补钙的依从性并促进儿童生长发育。方法应用荧光定量PCR方法,检测233名深圳地区汉族儿童的VDR基因BsmⅠ和FokⅠ位点多态性,分析各基因型和等位基因频率分布,并与已报道的其他地区的数据进行比较。结果本研究人群VDR Bsm I位点bb、Bb、BB基因型的分布频率分别为88.4%、11.6%、0,b、B等位基因频率分别为95.0%和5.0%;VDR Fok I位点ff、Ff、FF基因型的分布频率分别为18.6%、52.0%、29.4%,f、F等位基因频率分别为55.8%和44.2%。结论深圳地区汉族儿童VDR Bsm I和VDR Fok I位点各基因型和等位基因的频率分布特征与已报道的上海、江苏地区差异有统计学意义。     

福建省汉族人群维生素D受体基因FokI及BsmI多态性与2型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的探讨福建省汉族人群维生素D受体(VDR)基因FokI和BsmI位点多态性与2型糖尿病(T2DM)的相关性。方法借助2015年福建省成人慢性病与营养健康监测工作,从监测的10个区(县)调查人群中分层随机抽取426人,其中2型糖尿病(DM组)111人、血糖受损(IFG组)87人和血糖正常(NC组)228人,采用聚合酶链反应限制性片段长度多态性技术(PCR-RFLP)进行VDR基因多态性研究,比较各组基因型分布、等位基因频率及不同基因型间相关临床资料。结果三组人群在VDR基因FokI位点分布和等位基因频率上不存在显著差异,而在VDR基因BsmI位点上则存在显著差异,DM和IFG组等位基因b比例较NC组均有明显升高(ORDM=2.31,CIDM(1.64-3.24);ORIFG=1.75,CIIFG(1.22-2.50));不同BsmI位点基因型间仅在空腹血糖指标上存在显著差异;非条件Logistic回归分析显示Bb和bb基因型、60岁以上人群、中心性肥胖、高血压和高甘油三酯血症是T2DM的危险因素;不同监测点BsmI位点基因分布存在显著差异。结论福建省汉族人群VDR基因Bsml位点多态性与T2DM易患性相关,b等位基因可能是易感基因;而VDR基因FokI位点多态性则与T2DM无关。     

汉族及哈萨克族IL-6基因-174G/C多态性及CRP基因+1059G/C多态性与代谢综合征的相关性研究

[目的]探讨新疆哈萨克族及汉族IL-6基因-174G/C及哈萨克族CRP基因+1059G/C多态性与代谢综合征(MS)的相关性。[方法]应用PCR-RFLP方法分别对新疆哈萨克族及汉族200例MS组及201例对照组IL-6基因-174G/C位点及哈萨克族200例MS组及201例对照组CRP基因+1059G/C位点进行检测。[结果]①IL-6-174G/C位点:哈萨克族两组中GG型频率分别为94.00%和98.50%,GC型分别为6.00%和1.50%,在MS组中CC型有1例被检出,两组基因型对比差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.66,P﹤0.05),G和C等位基因频率分别为97.00%和3.00%,对照组分别为99.30%和0.70%;两组等位基因频率差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.55,P﹤0.05),以G等位基因为参照,C等位基因的OR值为4.12(OR95%CI:1.38～12.29);汉族两组中GG型频率分别为93.43%和97.51%,GC型分别为6.57%和2.49%,CC型在两组中未检出,两组基因型差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.52,P﹤0.05),MS组中G和C等位基因频率分别为96.71%和3.29%,对照组中分别为98.76%和1.24%,G和C等位基因频率在两组间差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.42,P﹤0.05),以G等位基因为参照,C等位基因的OR为2.88(OR95%CI:1.08～7.70);两民族MS组及对照组IL-6-174位点基因型及等位基因频率的差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05);②CRP+1059G/C位点:MS组与对照组GG基因型频率分别为93.00%和99.00%,GC基因型频率分别为7.00%和1.00%,CC基因型未检出,G和C等位基因频率在MS组分别为96.50%和3.50%,两组基因型差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.43,P﹤0.01),等位基因频率差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.24,P﹤0.01),以G等位基因为参照,C等位基因的OR值为7.25(2.04～25.76)。[结论]哈萨克族和汉族IL-6-174G/C及哈萨克族CRP+1059G/C基因多态性与MS有一定关联。     

新疆多民族冠心病患者eNOS基因G894T多态性分析

目的:探讨新疆多民族人群内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)基因多态性与冠心病的相关性。方法:采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析(PCR-RFLP)方法,分别对新疆哈萨克族冠心病患者(87例)及健康对照组(70例);土尔扈特蒙古族冠心病患者(73例)及健康对照组(87例);汉族冠心病患者(79例)及健康对照组(91例);维吾尔族冠心病患者(84例)及健康对照组(82例)作eNOS基因G894T多态性检测。结果:4个民族冠心病组与健康对照组比较:汉族冠心病患者;土尔扈特蒙古族冠心病患者基因型及等位基因频率方面均无显著性差异P0.05。哈萨克族、维吾尔族在基因型及等位基因频率两个方面均有著性差异P0.05。结论:eNOS基因G894T多态性与汉族;土尔扈特蒙古族冠心病患者的关系不明显,与哈萨克族;维吾尔族冠心病有相关性。     

延边地区朝鲜族儿童维生素D受体基因Fok I位点多态性研究

目的了解延边地区朝鲜族儿童维生素D受体(vitamin D receptor,VDR)基因Fok I位点的多态性分布特点,为进一步研究VDR基因多态性与骨代谢疾病的关系打下基础。方法应用荧光定量PCR方法,检测98名延边地区朝鲜族儿童的VDR基因Fok I位点多态性,分析该基因型和等位基因频率分布,并与已报道的其他民族、种族的数据进行比较。结果本研究人群VDR基因ff、Ff、FF基因型的分布频率分别为23%、40%、37%,该分布情况与国内云南阿昌族、甘肃东乡族以及国外美国黑人、尼日利亚人的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论延边地区朝鲜族儿童VDR基因Fok I位点基因型和等位基因的频率分布特征有其自身的特点。     

婴幼儿佝偻病VDR基因ApaI、BsmI位点多态性与连锁不平衡分析

目的 探讨婴幼儿佝偻病患者维生素D受体（VDR）基因ApaI、BsmI位点多态性分布特征及连锁不平衡关系及其与佝偻病的遗传易感因素.方法 应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）方法对56例佝偻病患儿和76例健康对照儿进行VDR基因ApaI、BsmI位点多态性的检测,分析两组VDR基因型和等位基因频率及两位点间连锁不平衡的关系.结果 两组VDR基因ApaI、BsmI位点基因型频率分布比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.VDR基因ApaI、BsmI 位点等位基因频率在两组人群中的分布差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.ApaI与BsmI二位点连锁不平衡系（D＇=0.230,r2=0.01）.结论 VDR基因ApaI、BsmI位点的多态性与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病无明显关系,且两位点不存在连锁不平衡关系.     

新疆某地区不同民族颈围与心血管危险因素的关系

目的探讨新疆博尔塔拉蒙古自治州地区维吾尔族（维）、哈萨克族（哈）、蒙古族（蒙）和汉族人群的颈围（NC）水平与多种心血管危险因素的关系及民族间差异。方法选自2004年新疆博尔塔拉蒙古自治州维、哈、蒙、汉族代谢综合征的流行病学调查资料4299名,应用Pearson相关分析四民族NC和多个心血管危险因素——体质指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、腰臀比（WHR）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、空腹血糖（FBG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、三酰甘油（TG）的相关性,应用多元线性回归分析评价NC变化与多个心血管危险因素水平的关系,应用Logistic回归分析评价NC增加对心血管危险因素（高血压、高FBG、血脂紊乱）患病风险的影响。结果维、哈、蒙、汉四民族的平均NC分别为（36．2±3．8）、（36．3±4．1）、（35．9±3．6）、（35．7±4．0）cm。NC与BMI（分别维、哈、蒙、汉r=0．552、0．499、0．709、0．459,均P〈0．05）、we（分别维、哈、蒙、汉r=0．525、0．479、0．695、0．376,均P〈0．05）相关;多元线性回归分析校正BMI、WC及其他因素后,维吾尔族的FBG水平（t=3．746,P〈0．05）及蒙古族的LogTG水平（t=2．876,P〈0．05）随NC水平的增加而增加,且Logistic回归分析NC增加是维吾尔族高FBG（OR=1．139,95％CI：1．027-1．264）以及蒙古族血脂紊乱（OR=1．156,95％CI：1．009-1．325）患病的危险因素。结论在新疆博尔塔拉蒙古自治州地区维、哈、蒙、汉四民族中NC与多种心血管危险因素相关,并可能存在民族差异。     

新疆博尔塔拉地区多民族血压正常高值人群中伴随心血管病危险因素的分析

目的 分析新疆博尔塔拉州(博州)维吾尔族(维)、哈萨克族(哈)、蒙古族(蒙)、汉族正常高值血压(SBP 120～139 mm Hg和或DBP 80～89 mm Hg)的人群分布特点及其他心血管病(CVD)危险因素的伴随情况.方法 利用2004年博州维、哈、蒙、汉族高血压的流行病学调查资料(4325人,其中维、哈、蒙、汉族各1247、1047、817、1214人),比较分析多民族正常高值血压人群的其他CVD危险因素伴随情况.结果 (1)维、哈、蒙、汉族正常高值血压检出率分别为39.2%、34.5%、36.0%、36.5%,维、哈、蒙族<40岁组的正常高值血压比例高于同民族40～60岁(分别P=0.000、0.006、0.016)和>60岁组(均P=0.000).(2)正常高值血压人群中,SBP和DBP均高者最多(>45%),单纯DBP高者最少(>13%).(3)4民族正常高值血压者的超重肥胖(BMI≥24.0 kg/m~2)比例≥57%、腹型肥胖(腰围:男85 cm/女80 cm及以上)≥62%、血脂异常≥43%、1个其他CVD危险因素及以上≥82%.(4)多元回归分析表明,增龄、超重肥胖、男性是正常高值血压的危险因素.结论 新疆博州20～79岁维、哈、蒙、汉族正常高值血压比例很高,尤其在<40岁人群中,并伴多项其他CVD危险因素,应该加强对该人群的早期积极干预.     

Vitamin D receptor Fok1 polymorphism and blood lead concentration in children

Variation in blood lead concentration is caused by a complex interaction of environmental, social, nutritional, and genetic factors. We evaluated the association between blood lead concentration and a vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism. Environmental samples and blood were analyzed for lead, nutritional and behavioral factors were assessed, and VDR -Fok1 genotype was determined in 245 children. We found a significant interaction between floor dust lead and genotype on blood lead concentration. For every 1 microg/ft(2) increase in floor dust, children with VDR -FF genotype had a 1.1% increase in blood lead [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.69-1.5], VDR -Ff, 0.53% increase (95% CI, 0.1-0.92), and VDR -ff, 3.8% increase (95% CI, 1.2-6.3); however, at floor dust levels < 10 microg/ft(2), children with VDR -ff had the lowest blood lead concentrations. These data suggest that VDR -Fok1 is an effect modifier of the relationship of floor dust lead exposure and blood lead concentration.     

Differential patterns of insulin secretion and sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease versus patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus alone

Aim

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of dyslipidemia in Xinjiang, China.

Method

Stratified sampling method was used to select a representative sample of the general population including Chinese Han, Uygur, and Kazak in this geographic area. Seven cities were chosen. Based on the government records of registered residences, one participant was randomly selected from each household. The eligibility criterion for the study was?≥?35 years of age.

Results

A total of 14,618 participants (5,757 Han, 4,767 Uygur, and 4,094 Kazak), were randomly selected from 26 villages in 7 cities. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 52.72% in the all participants. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was higher in Han than that in the other two ethnic (58.58% in Han, 48.27% in Uygur, and 49.60% in Kazak, P?<?0.000). The prevalence of dyslipidemia was higher in men than that in women (56.4% vs. 49.3%, P?<?0.000). Among the participants with dyslipidemia, the proportion of those who aware, treat, control of dyslipidemia were 53.67%, 22.51%, 17.09% in Han, 42.19%, 27.78%, 16.20% in Uygur, 37.02%, 21.11%, 17.77% in Kazak.

Conclusion

Dyslipidemia is highly prevalent in Xinjiang. The proportion of participants with dyslipidemia who were aware, treated, and controlled is unacceptably low. These results underscore the urgent need to develop national strategies to improve the prevention, detection, and treatment of dyslipidemia in Xinjiang.     

Calcitonin receptor gene polymorphism in Chinese Xinjiang Han and Uygur women with primary osteoporosis

Objectives

Context: Osteoporosis is a systemic disease with a strong genetic component. Calcitonin receptors (CTR) are involved in maintaining calcium homeostasis. There is no consensus whether CTR gene polymorphism plays a role in affecting pathogenesis of osteoporosis.

Objective

The objective of this study was to investigate genetic susceptibility of calcitonin receptor gene polymorphism (genotypes and allele frequencies) to primary osteoporosis between Han and Uygur patients and healthy controls in the Chinese Xinjiang region.

Design

This was a cross-sectional study conducted in an academic hospital.

Subjects

Between 2010 and 2012 a total of 404 female patients with primary osteoporosis (200 Han and 204 Uygur) and 316 healthy control subjects (160 Han and 156 Uygur) were recruited to determine the distribution of C/T single nucleotide polymorphism of the CTR gene. PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used at the 1377-bp site.

Results

The frequency of polymorphic C/T alleles of the calcitonin receptor gene in each group fit the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium model. There was no statistically significant difference in genotypes (P = 0.922) or allele frequency (P = 0.654) between the Xinjiang Han postmenopausal osteoporosis patients and the controls. Similarly, there was no difference in genotypes (P = 0.897) or allele frequency (P = 0.825) between Xinjiang Uygur postmenopausal osteoporosis patients and the controls. Moreover, there was no significant difference (P = 0.86) between the combination of both ethnic groups and controls. In contrast, compared to these two ethnic groups, Han CC type accounted for 67.8%, CT 30.0%, and TT 2.2%, whereas Uighur CC type accounted for 55.6%, CT 33.3%, and TT 11.2%, which is statistically significant between Han and Uygur CTR genotypes (P = 0.006). Allele frequency of C accounted for 82.8% and T for 17.2% in Han, whereas C accounted for 72.2% and T for 27.8% in Uygur (P = 0.001).

Conclusion

There was no statistically significant difference in CTR gene nucleotide sequence polymorphisms at 1377-bp between Chinese Xinjiang Han and Uygur patients with primary osteoporosis, suggesting that this CTR gene polymorphism may not affect incidence of osteoporosis. However, there was a significant difference in CTR gene nucleotide sequence polymorphism at the 1377-bp site between Chinese Xinjiang Han and Uygur, but the importance of this difference needs further study.     

新疆三民族尿牛磺酸与高血压关系的研究

为了探索饮食,牛磺酸与高血压病病理学关系,我们对高血压患病率和饮食习惯有明显差异的哈萨克、汉和维吾尔三民族高血压患者86例,正常血压者171例,进行24小时尿牛磺酸排出量测定,发现高血压组尿牛磺酸含量为162.21±146.11mg/24h,明显高于正常血压组合量117.18±116.99mg/24h(p<0.05)。三民族中,血压水平与尿牛磺酸排量以食动物蛋白质最多的哈族最高,血压水平和尿牛磺酸排量分别为105.3±15.8mmHg和210.30±175.90mg/24h(p<0.01),哈族的高血压患病率也最高;其次是维族,血压水平和尿牛磺酸排量分别为98.2±150mmHg和99.38±65.82mg/24h(p<0.01);汉族的高血压患病率和食动物蛋白质相对最低,二种指标最小,分别为95.1±15.7mmHg和77.94±49.67mg/24h(p<0.01)。在高血压,正常血压总合并组中,24小时尿牛磺酸排量与血压呈显著正相关:与收缩压r=0.216,p<0.01;与舒张压r=0.178,p<0.01;与平均压r=0.205,p<0.01。本实验结果表明,动物蛋白食入越多,尿牛磺酸排量越大,血压也越高。提示牛磺酸在体内可能起升压作用。     

脐血中谷胱甘肽s转移酶基因多态性与维汉新生儿低出生体重的关系

目的探讨乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族与汉族新生儿脐带血中谷胱甘肽s转移酶(GST)M1与T1基因多态性与低出生体重的关系。方法采用1∶3病例对照研究方法,收集新生儿脐带血并提取DNA,采用多重等位基因特异聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法分析GSTM1和GSTT1基因多态性。结果GSTM1缺失基因型为60.5%,GSTT1缺失基因型为5%,同时具有GSTM1和GSTT1缺失基因型的频率为3.5%。正常出生体重新生儿脐血中GSTT1基因型缺失的频率与低出生体重儿之间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。GSTT1基因型缺失的频率在维吾尔族正常与低出生体重新生儿间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。维吾尔族正常出生体重与低出生体重新生儿间各组合基因型频率构成比分布差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论脐血中GSTT1基因型缺失可能会增加新生儿低出生体重的发生,也会增加维吾尔族新生儿低出生体重的发生。而脐血中GSTM1基因型缺失可能不会影响新生儿低出生体重的发生。维吾尔族不同出生体重新生儿间各组合基因型频率构成比分布有差异。因此应全面了解低出生体重发生的原因,从而提高新生儿的出生质量。     

Associations of blood pressure and hypertension with lead dose measures and polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor and delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase genes

Evidence suggests that lead and selected genes known to modify the toxicokinetics of lead--namely, those for the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD)--may independently influence blood pressure and hypertension risk. We report the relations among ALAD and VDR genotypes, three lead dose measures, and blood pressure and hypertension status in 798 Korean lead workers and 135 controls without occupational exposure to lead. Lead dose was assessed by blood lead, tibia lead measured by X-ray fluorescence, and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA)-chelatable lead. Among lead workers, 9.9% (n = 79) were heterozygous for the ALAD(2) allele, and there were no ALAD(2) homozygotes; 11.2% (n = 89) had at least one copy of the VDR B allele, and 0.5% (n = 4) had the BB genotype. In linear regression models to control for covariates, VDR genotype (BB and Bb vs. bb), blood lead, tibia lead, and DMSA-chelatable lead were all positive predictors of systolic blood pressure. On average, lead workers with the VDR B allele, mainly heterozygotes, had systolic blood pressures that were 2.7-3.7 mm Hg higher than did workers with the bb genotype. VDR genotype was also associated with diastolic blood pressure; on average, lead workers with the VDR B allele had diastolic blood pressures that were 1.9-2.5 mm Hg higher than did lead workers with the VDR bb genotype (p = 0.04). VDR genotype modified the relation of age with systolic blood pressure; compared to lead workers with the VDR bb genotype, workers with the VDR B allele had larger elevations in blood pressure with increasing age. Lead workers with the VDR B allele also had a higher prevalence of hypertension compared to lead workers with the bb genotype [adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 2.1 (1.0, 4.4), p = 0.05]. None of the lead biomarkers was associated with diastolic blood pressure, and tibia lead was the only lead dose measure that was a significant predictor of hypertension status. In contrast to VDR, ALAD genotype was not associated with the blood pressure measures and did not modify associations of the lead dose measures with any of the blood pressure measures. To our knowledge, these are the first data to suggest that the common genetic polymorphism in the VDR is associated with blood pressure and hypertension risk. We speculate that the BsmI polymorphism may be in linkage disequilibrium with another functional variant at the VDR locus or with a nearby gene.     

新疆维吾尔自治区维吾尔族和哈萨克族不孕症现况调查及影响因素对比分析

目的 了解新疆维吾尔自治区(新疆)维吾尔(维)族、哈萨克(哈)族不孕症分布及影响因素。方法 2008年10月至2009年3月新疆医科大学第一附属医院采用分层随机整群抽样方法,对鄯善县维族535例、福海县哈族322例已婚育龄妇女进行问卷调查和妇科检查,采用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。结果 维族已婚育龄妇女不孕症总现患率为26.5%,哈族为21.7%,两族不孕症总现患率的差异无统计学意义(P >0.05)。维族妇女原发不孕的现患率为14.7%,哈族为8.7%,差异有统计学意义(P< 0.05);维族继发不孕的现患率为11.8%,哈族为13.0%,差异无统计学意义(P >0.05)。多因素分析显示影响维族不孕症发生的因素有经济收入、盆腔炎症、子宫内膜异位症、BMI;影响哈族不孕症发生的因素有结婚年龄、子宫内膜异位症、宫外孕史。结论 新疆维族和哈族已婚育龄妇女不孕症的现患率较高,但两族妇女患不孕症的危险因素不同,应有针对性开展宣传和诊治。