正常人肺与肺鳞癌间质中肥大细胞的比较研究

用正常人肺标本7例,肺鳞状细胞癌标本25例,对其间质中的肥大细胞进行光镜与电镜观察.结果表明,肺鳞癌间质肥大细胞比正常肺组织肥大细胞明显增多(P<0.002),每0.0169mm~2中肥大细胞均数分别为4.74±1.54和2.72±0.77.用Alcian蓝一藏红染色后,正常肺肥大细胞颗粒均为Alcian蓝阳性,而肺癌者则除Alcian蓝阳性外,还有藏红阳性的颗粒.电镜观察,正常肺中肥大细胞颗粒多为卷发状,而肺鳞癌中肥大细胞颗粒则多为细颗粒状,并伴有显著脱颗粒现象.以上提示,肥大细胞表型的变化与微环境有关,在肺癌中肥大细胞增多的同时,出现表型的变化,可能与抗肿瘤机制有关.     

小鼠呼吸道肥大细胞分布的研究

10只中国1号小鼠,5只为幼鼠(45天)和5只成鼠(95天),其呼吸道组织标本固定于等渗甲醛-醋酸混合液,分别用甲苯胺蓝和Alcian蓝-藏红染色,以显示肥大细胞。并用其皮肤肥大细胞作对照。结果表明:单位面积呼吸道粘膜的结缔组织肥大细胞(CTMC)数,在鼻腔粘膜显著高于喉、气管和肺。同时,呼吸道肥大细胞随年龄而增加,在成鼠明显多于幼鼠(p<0.05)。用Alcian蓝-藏红染色的成鼠肥大细胞颗粒,其Alclan蓝阳性率高于幼鼠。气管和肺内偶见粘膜型肥大细胞(MMC)。     

小鼠下颔下腺中肥大细胞异质性研究

取小鼠下颌下腺,用甲苯胺蓝染色、Alcian蓝一藏红染色及免疫组织化学ABC法显示肥大细胞的异质性.结果表明;肥大细胞主要分布于间质的小血管、小叶间导管及神经节周围.此外还发现有些肥大细胞沿腺实质表面排列,有些肥大细胞伸出突起与相邻的神经元或肥大细胞接触.肥大细胞呈降钙素基因相关肽免疫反应阳性,但仅为相邻切片甲苯胺蓝染色的14 %.提示下颌下腺中肥大细胞的存在可能与腺体分泌活动及血流调节有关.     

小鼠下颌下腺中肥大细胞异质性研究

取小鼠下颌下腺，用甲苯胺蓝染色Ａｌｃｉａｎ蓝－藏红染色及免疫组织化学ＡＢＣ法显示大细胞的异质性。结果表明：肥大细胞主要分布于间的小血管，小叶间导管及神经节周围。此外否定还发现有些肥大细胞沿腺实质表面排列，有些肥大细胞突起与相邻的神经元或肥大细胞接触。     

胸腺实质内存在肥大细胞

胸腺是T淋巴细胞分化和发育的重要器官。胸腺被膜和小叶间隔的结缔组织内存在着肥大细胞已有许多报道,由长期培养的胸腺细胞中可分化出肥大细胞也有报道,但是在胸腺实质内是否存在肥大细胞,至今尚未见有肯定的报道。我们将胸腺组织经Carnoy液固定、石蜡切片或经骤冷制成冰冻切片,采用Alcian Blue-Safranin(ABS)染色、甲苯胺蓝染色、天青A染色、氯     

红鲫肥大细胞鉴别方法比较

目的探讨红鲫(Cyprinus carpio)肥大细胞(MC)的不同鉴别方法。方法取已被迟缓爱德华菌感染的红鲫鳃组织,用Bouin氏液固定3 h,苏木精-伊红(HE)法、甲苯胺蓝(TB)法、阿利新蓝(AB)法、中性红法、Masson三色法、May-Grünwald Giemsa(MGG)法与免疫组织化学SABC法观察MC。同时使用Wright-Giemsa染色的头肾涂片法作为补充。结果阿利新蓝和甲苯胺蓝法显示肥大细胞良好,MGG法次之。免疫组织化学法检测类胰蛋白酶阳性肥大细胞数量较少,阳性反应弱。涂片法可将细胞分散开,并显示出不同发育阶段肥大细胞的特性。结论组织化学染色结合涂片法和免疫组织化学染色,可以更好的识别鱼类肥大细胞。     

正常人与牙周炎患者牙龈组织肥大细胞的组织化学与超微结构的研究

正常人牙龈组织１０例及牙周炎患者牙龈组织３９例，对其中的肥大细胞进行光镜与电镜观察。结果表明：牙周炎患者牙组织中的肥大细胞比正常者明显增多（Ｐ〈０．０００５），而且与炎症程度密切相关。用Ａｌｃｉａｎ蓝－藏红染色以后，正常人牙龈肥大细胞有的为蓝色，有的为红色，而牙周炎患者主要为蓝色，仅少数为红蓝混合色。牙周炎组肥大细胞的临界电解质浓度值也较低。电镜观察。牙周炎患者肥大细胞有显著脱颗粒现象，其附近还可     

纤维源性肿瘤间质肥大细胞反应与预后的关系

本文对118例纤维源性肿瘤间质肥大细胞反应及预后进行了观察比较。其中纤维肉瘤33例,纤维瘤47例,瘤样纤维组织增生38例。瘤样纤维组织增生中间质肥大细胞数最多,纤维肉瘤间质肥大细胞较少,而纤维瘤间质肥大细胞数则位于两者之间(P<0.001)。将术后随访5年的21例纤维肉瘤患者,按肿瘤间质肥大细胞数量的多少分为两组:(1)低计数组(≤2/HPF)、(2)高计数组(>2/HPF)。结果显示:肥大细胞高计数组患者的5年生存期明显高于低计数组。故认为肿瘤间质肥大细胞反应是机体拮抗肿瘤的一种形态表现。     

双重染色法在肥大细胞与胃癌相关性研究中的应用

肥大细胞作为一种免疫效应细胞 ,可释放多种生物活性物质 ,不仅与速发型变态反应有关 ,还参与包括肿瘤在内的许多疾病的病理过程。为了研究肥大细胞在胃癌发生、发展中的作用 ,我们尝试采用免疫组化染色后爱辛蓝 -沙红复染(简称双重染色 )方法对胃癌标本进行检测。该方法在同一张切片上不仅可显示肥大细胞在癌组织中的分布特点及大小形态 ,而且可以清楚显示肥大细胞与各种免疫组化阳性产物间的定位关系。对研究肥大细胞与肿瘤分子生物学的关系 ,提供了一种更为客观的技术手段。我们将该方法与单一的爱辛蓝 -沙红染色在显示肥大细胞的应用上…     

肥大细胞在腺嘌呤致慢性肾功能衰竭模型大鼠肾组织中的浸润

背景：近年研究提示肥大细胞的浸润与人类多种肾病患者的肾间质纤维化关系密切。肥大细胞是否参与了腺嘌呤致慢性肾功能衰竭大鼠模型肾间质纤维化？作者未检索到此类报道。 目的：探讨肥大细胞在腺嘌呤致慢性肾功能衰竭大鼠模型肾组织中的分布特点及其与肾间质纤维化之间的关系。 方法：46只雄性Wistar大鼠,随机分成对照组和模型组。模型组予腺嘌呤灌胃,剂量为150 mg/(kg•d);对照组以等量生理盐水灌胃。分别于不同时间点检测血尿指标,并对肾组织进行苏木精-伊红染色、Masson染色及肾小管间质纤维化评分;采用甲苯胺蓝和免疫组化方法观察肥大细胞在肾脏的分布及浸润数量,并分析它们与肾间质纤维化的相关性。 结果与结论：模型组大鼠随着灌胃时间的延长,尿蛋白/ 尿肌酐、血清肌酐和血清尿素氮持续升高,肾间质纤维化评分也逐渐增加,不同时间点之间及其与对照组比较,差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.01);肥大细胞主要分布在模型鼠的肾小管间质、肾小球囊外及血管周围,间质纤维化较重区域浸润较多,其浸润数量随着模型鼠肾损害的加重逐渐增加,不同时间点之间比较,差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.01),并且与肾间质纤维程度呈显著正相关(r =0.96,P < 0.001)。提示肥大细胞可能促进了腺嘌呤致慢性肾功能衰竭大鼠模型肾间质纤维化的进展。     

Secretory Carcinoma Coexistent with Mucinous Carcinoma in the Breast

Secretory carcinoma and mucinous carcinoma were found to coexist in the breast of a 67 year old post menopausal woman, although the tumors were separated by a thin fibrous septum. Histochemically, intra- and extracellular secretory materials in both carcinomas were strongly positive for alcian blue, PAS and mucicarmine staining, but immunohistochemically negative for α- lactalbumin and CEA. Membrane-bound intracytoplasmic vacuoles showing emiocytosis were observed in both the secretory and mucinous carcinomas by electron microscopy. No differences were observed between the tumor cells of secretory carcinoma and those of mucinous carcinoma by histochemistry, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. However, there were definite statistically significant differences in the results of morphometry of tumor cell nuclei. Secretory carcinoma is considered to be an anaplastic variant type of mucinous carcinoma. Acta Pathol Jpn 39: 593 598, 1989.     

Ultrastructural Distinction of Basaloid-Squamous Carcinoma and Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

Basaloid-squamous carcinoma is a unique and infrequent variant of squamous cell carcinoma with a predilection for occurring in the upper aerodigestive tract. The cardinal diagnostic criteria are the presence of basaloid cells arranged in lobules or cords and a squamous component. Another feature that distinguishes basaloid-squamous carcinoma from conventional squamous cell carcinoma is the development of multiple foci of amorphous, eosinophilic, or mucinous materials among the basaloid tumor cells. It is this feature in basaloid-squamous carcinoma that causes confusion with adenoid cystic carcinoma, especially the solid variant of adenoid cystic carcinoma. To clarify the distinctive features of these two types of tumors, the ultrastructural findings in three basaloid-squamous carcinomas from the head and neck region were compared with three adenoid cystic carcinomas, one from the head and neck region and one each from trachea and bronchus. Widened intercellular spaces, tonofilaments, and replicated basal lamina were present in both types of tumor. However, the ultrastructural features of glandular differentiation were present only in adenoid cystic carcinoma, whereas the ultrastructural features of squamous cell differentiation were present only in basaloid-squamous carcinoma. The distinction between basaloid-squamous carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma is important since basaloid-squamous carcinoma is a clinically aggressive, high-grade form of squamous cell carcinoma, generally with a worse prognosis than adenoid cystic carcinoma.     

Ultrastructural Distinction of Basaloid-Squamous Carcinoma and Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

Basaloid-squamous carcinoma is a unique and infrequent variant of squamous cell carcinoma with a predilection for occurring in the upper aerodigestive tract. The cardinal diagnostic criteria are the presence of basaloid cells arranged in lobules or cords and a squamous component. Another feature that distinguishes basaloid-squamous carcinoma from conventional squamous cell carcinoma is the development of multiple foci of amorphous, eosinophilic, or mucinous materials among the basaloid tumor cells. It is this feature in basaloid-squamous carcinoma that causes confusion with adenoid cystic carcinoma, especially the solid variant of adenoid cystic carcinoma. To clarify the distinctive features of these two types of tumors, the ultrastructural findings in three basaloid-squamous carcinomas from the head and neck region were compared with three adenoid cystic carcinomas, one from the head and neck region and one each from trachea and bronchus. Widened intercellular spaces, tonofilaments, and replicated basal lamina were present in both types of tumor. However, the ultrastructural features of glandular differentiation were present only in adenoid cystic carcinoma, whereas the ultrastructural features of squamous cell differentiation were present only in basaloid-squamous carcinoma. The distinction between basaloid-squamous carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma is important since basaloid-squamous carcinoma is a clinically aggressive, high-grade form of squamous cell carcinoma, generally with a worse prognosis than adenoid cystic carcinoma.     

A Rare Case Report: Carcinoma Pancreas with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Synchronous double malignancies involving different organs are relatively rare and uncommon finding. We report an interesting case of double malignancy in which a patient exhibited synchronous two separate carcinomas, pancreatic and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patient was a 64-year-old male who presented primarily with symptoms pertaining to the biliary obstruction and ultrasound of abdomen revealing pancreatic head mass. HCC was detected incidentally during the investigations for carcinoma pancreas.     

Carcinoma of the oesophagus with spindle cell features

There is considerable confusion surrounding the histogenesis and nomenclature of squamous cell carcinomas of the oesophagus with spindle cell elements. These tumours, many of which are polypoid, have been variously called carcinosarcoma, pseudosarcoma and polypoid carcinoma of the oesophagus. A study of three recent cases strongly supports the theory that these tumours are squamous cell carcinomas with spindle cell metaplasia. They are not necessarily polypoid and adenocarcinomatous elements may also be present.     

C Cell Carcinoma of the Thyroid Follicular variant

A case of C cell carcinoma of the thyroid with an unusual follicular growth pattern of the cancerous C cells is described. The primary tumor consisted of a mixture of medullary and follicular features while the metastatic foci in the lymph nodes and liver displayed only a medullary arrangement. Histochemical study disclosed numerous argyrophilic cells in both the follicular and medullary parts. These cells were immunohistochemically positive for calcitonin, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and other peptides as well as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), but negative for thyroglobulin. Radioimmunoassay done on the tissue extract revealed a high content of calcitonin. Electron microscopy showed small intracytoplasmic secretory granules and, in the follicular lining cells, formation of microvilli. A minor component consisting of glandular structures has been reported in medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, suggesting a potentiality for glandular differentiation of the C cells. In equivocal cases, immuno-histochemical examination for calcitonin and thyroglobulin is essential for accurate diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma. Acta Pathol Jpn 39: 393-399, 1989.     

Carcinoma of the thyroid showing thymoma-like features

Summary A new case of thyroid carcinoma with thymoma-like features, occurring in a 45-year-old lady, is reported. In order to establish the incidence of residual thymic tissue, 2575 consecutive surgically removed thyroid glands were also examined. Thymic tissue was found to be present in up to 1.4% of the cases. The clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of the case together with its possible relationship with the persistence of aberrant nodules of thymic tissue in the neck are discussed.     

Carcinoma in a solitary intraductal papilloma of the breast

Herein is reported a rare case of carcinoma arising from papilloma of the breast. A 63-year-old postmenopausal woman noticed a nodule approximately 1 cm in diameter in her left breast. Ultrasonography indicated a mass with a solid pattern within an intracystic tumor measuring 1.5 × 1.5 × 1.4 cm in diameter located near the left nipple. On total image analysis malignancy could not be denied, therefore lumpectomy with resection of the surrounding tissue was performed. Histologically the tumor consisted of cancerous and papilloma components. The cancer cells had high-grade nuclear atypia, were irregular, and contained abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm with a thin vascular stalk. In contrast, the tumor cells had no atypia, and had a thick stroma in the papilloma components. Both lesions could be distinguished clearly from each other. In addition, a transition from papillary to cancerous elements in some areas was seen. An additional partial mastectomy was performed after the lumpectomy but no carcinoma foci were noted in the excised tissue. Possible occurrence of cancerous change in solitary intraductal papilloma of the breast was suspected.     

Glycogen-rich Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Urethra: An Ultrastructural Study

A 49-year-old black woman developed a urethral glycogen-rich clear cell carcinoma. She was treated with anterior pelvic exenteration. The resected lymph nodes, vagina, uterine cervix, endometrium, ovaries, and urinary bladder were free of neoplasm. Histologically the neoplasm consisted of clear cells growing in sheets and occasional papillary structures. In some areas, hobnail cells were present. Ultrastructurally, the cells had apical caps, short microvilli, and complex cell bases, and contained abundant glycogen. These features were identified in one, but not the other of two previously reported cases. Because glycogen-rich clear cell carcinomas of the lower urinary tract do not resemble ultrastructurally mesonephric remnants or carcinomas known to arise from them, these glycogen-rich clear cell carcinomas should not be called “me-sonephromas” as has been the practice.