正常妊娠妇女外周血可溶性白细胞介素－2受体及淋巴细胞亚群的变化

测定了８７例妊娠晚期及２９例正常非孕妇女外周血可溶性白细胞介素－２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）水平，同时对其中３６例孕妇及１０９例正常非孕妇女（正常对照）进行外周血淋巴细胞亚群检测。结果：妊娠晚期妇女ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平及Ｔｓ细胞（ＣＤ＿８）明显高于正常对照，分别为：２１４６００±７０４００Ｕ／Ｌ比１６２１００±８４１Ｄ０Ｕ／Ｌ，　Ｐ＜０．０１及３７．６％±５．３％比３１．３％±７．０％，Ｐ＜０．０１。妊娠妇女Ｔｈ细胞／Ｔｓ细胞（ＣＤ＿４／ＣＤ＿８）比例明显低于正常对照（１．２±０．２比１．５±０．５，Ｐ＜０．０１）。但总Ｔ淋巴细胞（ＣＤ＿３），ＣＤ＿４，细胞与正常对照相比，差异无显著性，分别为：６４．１％±７．３％比６６．０％±９．９％，Ｐ＞０．０５及４４．１％±５．８％比４３．８％±９．Ｏ％，Ｐ＞０．０５。相关分析表明孕妇ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平与ＣＤ＿３、ＣＤ＿４、ＣＤ＿８细胞及ＣＤ＿４／ＣＤ＿８均无显著相关性（ｒ分别为０．２０３２，０．２０７７，０．１０３７及０．１２１４，Ｐ均＞０．０５）。提示：孕妇外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群及血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ的变化对维持正常妊娠有重要作用，ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ可能是促进胎儿正常生长的重要介质之一。     

人精液非精子细胞分析

采用Ｐａｐａｎｉｃｏｌａｏｕ染色、免疫荧光和电镜技术对１３例生育者、１３例不明原因不育者和８例精液脲原体阳性不育者的精液非精子细胞（ＮＳＣ）进行分析，发现生育组ＮＳＣ占精液细胞总数的１．８８％，其中未成熟生精细胞（ＩＧ）占ＮＳＣ的８３．４％，白细胞９．１％，脱落上皮细胞６．３％，支持细胞１．２％。ＩＧ中包括无核胞浆体５０．４％，初级精母细胞１０．１％，次级精母细胞２．９％，早期精子细胞６．８％，晚期精子细胞１３．２％。白细胞中多形核细胞５．４％，巨噬细胞２．６％，淋巴细胞１．１％。淋巴细胞中以ＣＤ３和ＣＤ８阳性细胞为主，ＣＤ３／ＩｇＧ阳性细胞比为１６．５；ＣＤ８／ＣＤ４细胞比为３．６。两组不育者中，ＮＳＣ总数和除支持细胞外各组分均增加，其中淋巴细胞总数和ＣＤ４细胞增加最显著，ＣＤ８／ＣＤ４比降为０．３５，两不育组间无显著差异。正常精液中ＣＤ８细胞优势可能有利于免疫抑制作用。     

3475例剖宫产指征分析

目的 探讨１９９７年初至１９９８年末剖宫产指征的掌握情况。方法 对３４７５例剖宫产病例进行回顾性分析。结果 剖宫产率为４５．２％。主要指征依次为：妊娠并发症（３６．６％）、胎儿窘迫（２２．６％）、妊娠合并症（１３．５％）、巨大儿（１０．２％）、珍贵儿（９．８％）、臀位（９．８％）、高龄初产（９．１％）,其中巨大儿的诊断符合率６２．３％、５６％（１３．５％）、巨大儿（１０．２％）、珍贵儿（９．８％）     

卡铂腹腔化疗腹膜后淋巴结内的药物浓度

对２３例卵巢恶性肿瘤患者，分别于术前不同时间进行腹腔穿刺并灌注卡铂（３００ｍｇ／ｍ￣２），手术清扫腹膜后淋巴结，同时切取盆腔腹膜和髂外淋巴结周围脂肪结缔组织各１ｇ，用无火焰原子吸收光谱法分别测定上述３种组织的总铂浓度，并监测３例患者给药后２４小时内的血浆总铂浓度，以及观察化疗后腹膜后淋巴结的病理改变。结果显示，腹膜后淋巴结内总铂浓度在腹腔给药后１２小时达到高峰，峰值为１３．４±１．９～２１．６±７．８μｇ／ｇ。腹主动脉旁淋巴结、盆腔淋巴结、淋巴结周围脂肪结缔组织和盆腔腹膜总铂浓度的药时曲线下面积（ＡＵＣ＿（０～２４ｈ））分别为２１６．８±９．２、２４６．４±３２．９、１１５．６±４０．９和１３５１．３±６９６．５μｇ·ｈ／ｇ。血浆总铂浓度的峰值及ＡＵＣ＿（０～２４ｈ）分别为６．７±１．０μｇ／Ｌ和６１．５±２．４μｇ·ｈ／Ｌ。提示卡铂腹腔给药分布于腹膜后淋巴结组织中的药物浓度较血药浓度明显为高。病理检查可见化疗后的腹膜后淋巴结有变性改变。     

肺表面活性物质的运用与新生儿肺透明膜病的转归

目的　探讨肺表面活性物质（Ｅｘｏｓｕｒｆ） 治疗新生儿肺透明膜病（ＨＭＤ） 的疗效及其并发症。　方法　采用回顾性分析的方法对用药前、用药后３０ 分钟及用药后６ 小时血气指标,机械通气参数进行比较分析,通过肺氧合情况判断疗效,分析转归及并发症。　结果　１６ 例患儿血气指标及机械通气的参数用药前与用药后６ 小时比较差异有显著性,氧分压（ＰＯ２） 由（４１－６ ±６ ．０）ｍ ｍ Ｈｇ（１ｍ ｍ Ｈｇ＝０ ．１３ ｋＰａ） 升高至（６２－９ ±２－０） ｍ ｍ Ｈｇ,动脉压泡氧分压比值（ａ／ＡＰＯ２） 由（０－１２ ±０－０３）ｍ ｍＨｇ 升高至（０－２４ ±０－１１）ｍ ｍ Ｈｇ,ＰＯ２／ＦｉＯ２ 由（７４－６ ±１６－４）ｍ ｍＨｇ 升高至（１４７－４ ±５９－９）ｍ ｍＨｇ,ＦｉＯ２ 由０－５８±０ ．０７ 降至０－４５ ±０ ．０９ ,ＭＡＰ由（１３－０ ±１．３）ｍ ｍ Ｈｇ 降至（１１－１ ±１－６）ｍｍ Ｈｇ。２４ 小时内复查胸片１３ 例明显好转,２ 例无改变,１ 例合并肺出血。其中痊愈１２ 例（治愈率７５ ％ ）,死亡２ 例,放弃２ 例。　结论　肺表面活性物质（Ｅｘｏｓｕｒｆ） 的运用可以改善肺透明膜病的转归,降低病死率     

阴道超声测量子宫内膜厚度用于内膜病变的鉴别诊断

应用阴道超声测量２８１名妇女的子宫内膜厚度，共４５０次。分为生育期、绝经后无出血及阴道不规则出血三组。生育期组３７例，共测量１８３次，并与血清雌、孕激素水平进行对照。内膜厚度为：卵泡期７．８±２．１ｍｍ，排卵日１０．４±１．９ｍｍ，黄体期１０．４±２．３ｍｍ。绝经后无出血组２００例，共测量２００次，内膜厚度范围为１～５ｍｍ，平均１．４±０．７ｍｍ。阴道不规则出血组４４例，共测量６７次，并与组织学检查结果进行对照。萎缩性内膜６例，厚度２．２±２．０ｍｍ；宫腔积液８例，厚度１４．５±６．１ｍｍ；子宫内膜息肉１２例，内膜厚度１６．７±７．７ｍｍ；子宫内膜增生１０例，内膜厚度１７．４±６．７ｍｍ；子宫内膜癌８例，内膜厚度２４．４±１１．９ｍｍ。绝经后内膜的正常厚度应＜５．０ｍｍ。     

卵巢上皮性癌155例的治疗与预后

目的：探讨卵巢上皮性癌的治疗与影响预后的因素。方法：对１９７０年１月至１９９２年１２月在我院治疗的１５５例卵巢上皮性癌进行回顾性分析。全部手术切除标本经病理检查诊断并按ＦＩＧＯ分期标准进行分期，４２例行２次手术，４例行３次手术。除６例外，余１４９例均于手术后行化疗，３２例于第２次术后再次行化疗，９例因复发再次化疗。结果：２年、５年、１０年的生存率分别为Ⅰ期９２．４％、８７．０％、７０．６％；Ⅱ期９１．９％、６３．６％、４７．８％；Ⅲ期５９．９％、３８．２％、１９．２％；Ⅳ期２５．０％、２５．０％、０．０％（Ｐ＜０．００１）。６例未化疗者均在术后２年内死亡。结果表明，预后与临床分期、细胞分化、残留癌灶大小有关。５年生存率中，Ⅰ期为８７．０％和Ⅲ期为３８．２％（Ｐ＜０．００１）；Ｇ１的５年生存率为９５．９％，Ｇ３为１１．８％（Ｐ＜０．００１）；无残留癌灶者为９７．６％，残留癌灶＞２ｃｍ者为２１．２％（Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论：在卵巢上皮性癌初次手术时残留癌灶＜２ｃｍ，并于术后尽早开始化疗，可提高生存率。     

子宫颈癌卵巢转移17例分析

目的：分析宫颈癌特别是早期宫颈癌卵巢转移的危险性。方法：回顾性分析１９５８年至１９９４年我院收治的１７例宫颈癌卵巢转移的情况。结果：１７例患者中，１０例为肉眼可见转移，７例为病理检查证实。１１例（５８．８％）转移至双侧卵巢，１３例同时累及宫体、盆腔及主动脉旁淋巴结。１７例患者中，１０例为宫颈鳞癌卵巢转移，７例为宫颈腺癌卵巢转移，转移率分别为０．０７％和１．８１％，差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。１７例患者中，宫颈癌Ⅰ、Ⅱ期者为８例，宫颈鳞癌无Ⅰ期患者，Ⅱ期卵巢转移率为０．０８％；宫颈腺癌Ⅰ期卵巢转移率为９．５％，Ⅱ期为１．２％。手术治疗的Ⅰ、Ⅱ期患者中，宫颈腺癌的卵巢转移率为７．８％，Ⅱ期宫颈鳞癌患者的卵巢转移率为１．６％。１７例患者的预后差，５年生存率为１７．６％。结论：宫颈腺癌早期有发生卵巢转移的危险性。宫颈癌患者是否保留卵巢的问题，值得进一步探讨。     

早产与围产儿死亡

对１９８１年１月～１９９５年３月在我院分娩的２９４例死亡围产儿进行了回顾性研究，其结果：围产儿死亡率为１３．３‰，尸检率７７．９％。早产儿共１６７例，占５６．８％。早产发生与产前出血、双胎、妊高征、ＩＵＧＲ、胎膜早破等因素有关。早产儿主要死亡原因顺位为：缺氧（４９．７％），肺部疾患（２３．９％），畸形（１１．４％），感染性疾病（５．４％），颅内出血（４．２％）。降低围产儿死亡率首先要防治早产。应加强围产期保健及监护，积极防治生殖道感染，加强早产的预测，合理使用宫缩抑制剂，监测并促进胎肺成熟。     

晚期妊娠合并生殖道畸形69例临床分析

综合１４年间晚期妊娠合并生殖道畸形的６９例病例，其发生率为０．２８％（６９／２４５１４）。异常生育史１６例，胎膜早破、早产、产后出血、妊高征及剖宫产率均较同期非生殖道畸形者高，差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。围产儿病死率为５．８％，显著高于同期围产儿病死率（１．８６％，Ｐ＜０．０１）。新生儿出生体重（ｘ±ｓ）为（３００９±３６２．８５）ｇ，明显低于同期出生儿体重（ｘ±ｓ）（３２８６．６２±４０２．８３）ｇ。有３例新生儿畸形死亡，２例分娩畸形儿死亡史。妊娠前诊断生殖道畸形的母婴并发症明显低于产时、产后诊断者（Ｐ＜０．０５）。生殖道畸形的早期诊断是减少母婴并发症的关键，并总结了早期诊断的要点。强调了对生殖道畸形者进行遗传学检查的重要性。     

妊娠合并梅毒孕期规范治疗后新生儿梅毒血清学的变化特点及转归

目的 了解妊娠合并梅毒孕母所生新生儿梅毒血清学变化特点,初步探讨影响婴儿梅毒血清学转归的因素.方法 选择我院2006年1月至2008年1月经孕期规范治疗后的146例单胎妊娠合并梅毒的孕妇,孕妇产前和新生儿生后3 d内行快速血浆反应素试验(rapid plasma reagin,RPR)及梅毒螺旋体明胶凝集试验(treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay,TPPA).随访了其中92例婴儿生后24个月内RPR及TPPA的情况.结果 (1)146例新生儿中,140例(95.9%)TPPA阳性,其中94例(90.4%)新生儿期RPR滴度低于或等同于母亲产前RPR滴度;104例(71.2%)RPR和TPPA均为阳性,36例(24.7%)新生儿为TPPA单阳性.RPR和TPPA双阳性母亲的新生儿RPR阳性比例明显高于TPPA单阳性母亲新生儿(81.4%和36.4%,χ2=25.3,P<0.01).(2)随访的92例婴儿中,出生时RPR及TPPA双阳性者57例,56例(98.2%)的RPR在生后6个月内转阴,8个月内100%转阴,转阴高峰为生后2个月(78.9%,45例);TPPA在生后24个月内100%转阴.转阴高峰为生后10～18个月(64.9%,37例).TPPA单阳性的35例婴儿中,18个月内TPPA 100%转阴,转阴高峰在生后6～12个月(57.1%,20例).(3)母亲产前RPR滴度为1:1～1:4时,其婴儿RPR转阴时间晚于母亲RPR阴性者(P<0.05),1;4组为(2.5±0.8)月,长于1:1组的(1.2±0.4)月(P<0.01);但母亲产前RPR滴度与婴儿生后TPPA转阴时间无关(P>0.05).新生儿期的RPR滴度为1:4时,婴儿RPR转阴所需时间晚于1:1的新生儿[(3.7±0.9)月和(2.3±0.6)月,P<0.01];RPR滴度为1:1～1:4的新生儿,婴儿期TPPA转阴所需时间均晚于RPR阴性组[(11.0±2.2)月、(12.2±2.9)月、(11.2±2.8)月和(6.9±2.1)月,P<0.01)].结论 妊娠合并梅毒孕妇孕期规范治疗后分娩的新生儿梅毒血清学检测大部分仍呈阳性,母亲产前或分娩时静脉血RPR滴度高的婴儿,其阳性持续时间可能较长,但均能在生后一定时间内转阴.建议对梅毒血清学阳性新生儿生后长期随访,诊断先天性梅毒应慎重.     

Retrospective analysis of outcome of pregnancy in women with congenital heart disease: Single-centre experience from North India

Objective: To study maternal and perinatal outcome in congenital heart disease (CHD) and to compare outcome between cyanotic and acyanotic CHD.
Method: A retrospective analysis of 196 cases of CHD was undertaken, and maternal and perinatal outcome of pregnancy was compared in cyanotic and acyanotic cases and between surgically corrected and uncorrected cases.
Results: Maternal and perinatal outcome was better in the acyanotic group. Maternal complications included higher incidence of cardiac complications in cyanotic group, (33.3% vs 3.4% in acyanotic group, P  = 0.001), abruption (12.5% vs nil) and pregnancy-induced hypertension (16.6% vs 5.2%). Rate of prematurity (25% vs 11.6%), intrauterine growth retardation (50% vs 15.1%, P  = 0.003) and abortion (4.1% vs 2.1%) was higher in cyanotic group. Mean gestational age at delivery was better in corrected group, 37.13 vs 34.93 weeks in uncorrected group. There was no case of infective endocarditis. There were four cases of maternal mortality in cyanotic group, two of which were in women with Eisenmenger syndrome. In acyanotic heart disease one case died undelivered and one died on first postoperative day.
Conclusion: Maternal and perinatal outcome is better in acyanotic CHD compared to cyanotic CHD. Surgical correction of cardiac lesions prior to conception improves outcome.     

Characteristics of 11 neonates with atrial septal defects detected by heart murmurs

The aim of this prospective study was to investigate, using echocardiography, the relationship between heart murmurs found in the neonatal period and atrial septal defect (ASD). Heart murmurs were detected in 115 of 5124 term neonates within 1 month after birth. The babies were followed by echocardiographic examination with attention to the atrial septal area. Heart murmurs of 11 term neonates (9.6%) were associated with interatrial shunts consistent with ASD. The defect closed spontaneously in 7 out of the 11 neonates by 18 months of age. Two neonates showed evidence of right ventricular overload from early infancy. This study showed that nearly 1 neonate in 10 with a heart murmur up to 1 month after birth had an interatrial shunt associated with ASD. We concluded that the absence of a flap sign (valve-like openings of the defects) affects the development of the heart murmur of ASD found in the neonatal period.     

不同实验方法在诊断和监测新生儿先天性巨细胞病毒感染中的临床研究

目的　探讨外周血白细胞巨细胞病毒(cytomegalovirus, CMV)抗原(即刻早期抗原和早期抗原)检测、唾液聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测CMV DNA和血清学检测CMV IgM三种实验方法在诊断和监测新生儿先天性CMV感染中的作用。　方法　对98 例患儿之母在孕期血CMV IgM阳性的高危新生儿出生后14 d 内检查血CMV IgM、外周血白细胞CMV抗原和唾液PCR CMV DNA,比较三种方法的检测结果,并对新生儿进行临床观察和随访。　结果　(1)98 例中,48 例诊断先天性CMV感染。症状性感染7 例,无症状性感染41 例;无一例CMV IgM阳性。症状性感染组CMV抗原、PCR阳性检出率分别为7/7、5/7;无症状性感染组阳性检出率分别为71%(29/41)、46%(19/41)。CMV抗原检测法、PCR检测法的诊断敏感性分别为75%、54%。症状性感染儿每5 万白细胞中CMV阳性细胞数16~52个,无症状性感染儿3~31个,症状性感染儿CMV抗原指数水平显著高于无症状感染儿(P<0.05)。(2)随访10例患儿,2 例症状性感染儿CMV抗原和PCR转阴,症状消失;1例CMV肝炎治疗后CMV抗原和PCR检测仍阳性,最后发展为肝硬化。7 例无症状性感染儿,CMV抗原在6个月内转阴或减少至低水平;2 例伴唾液PCR阳性,复查时1 例转阴,1 例仍阳性。　结论　CMV抗原检测法具有早期、敏感、量化的特点,PCR法能发现潜伏性感染     

Fetal arrhythmia]

Nineteen cases of fetal arrhythmia discovered by antenatal auscultation were analyzed. Among them, 14 alive babies were followed up. The occurrence, diagnosis and prognosis of fetal arrhythmia were discussed. 14 cases had normal FHR with arrhythmia, 1 case with tachycardia, 4 with bradycardia. Ultrasonocardiography (USC) was performed in 12 cases. 3 of them had sinus bradycardia with structural abnormalities of heart, they showed fetal distress in labor, neonatal asphyxia and perinatal death. 14 cases were followed up for a period of less than one year to 5 years. Only 2 babies had aurical premature beat by USC, others remain normal.     

新生儿青紫型先天性心脏病156例的早期诊治分析

目的 了解青紫型先天性心脏病在新生儿期的临床表现、分布情况、治疗和转归。方法 1999年11月至2004年7月上海儿童医学中心对156例青紫型先天性心脏病(CHD)新生儿进行临床分析。结果 (1)青紫型CHD在新生儿期主要表现为中央性紫绀、心功能不全，个别可合并心律紊乱。(2)新生儿期青紫型CHD以完全性大动脉转位(TGA)居首位，其他依次为肺动脉闭锁(PA)、完全性肺静脉异位引流(TAPVC)和肺动脉狭窄(PS)。(3)内科治疗包括强心、利尿、扩血管药物和前列腺素E1(PGE1)的运用；156例中57例施行外科手术，其中以TGA最多。结论新生儿青紫型CHD心脏畸形复杂，病情多危重，在生后尽早明确诊断并给予适当的内外科治疗有助于提高其生存率和改善预后。 Abstract Objective To investigate the clinical manifestation,distribution,treatment and prognosis of congenital heart disease in neonatal period.Methods Analyze 156 cases of neonatal cyanotic congenital heart disease clinically.Results ① Neonatal cyanotic CHD was manifested with central cyanosis,heart failure,and arrhythmia occasionally.② D TGA stand first on the list of neonatal cyanotic CHD and the others ordinal was PA,TAPVC and PS.③ Internal medical therapy included using of cardiotonic,diuretic and prostaglandin E157 patients were given surgical operations and TGA lead the first.Conclusion For complex anomaly and critical condition in most cases,neonatal cyanotic CHD should be diagnosed as soon as possible and treated appropriately in order to improve the viability and prognosis of these neonates. Key words NeonateHeart disease;Congenital     

Pregnancy and Congenital Heart Disease - Maternal and Fetal Outcome

Summary: Two hundred and seventy five pregnancies in patients with congenital heart disease during 1980–1996 were analyzed retrospectively. Maternal and perinatal outcome was compared in 251 pregnancies of women with acyanotic and 24 pregnancies of women with cyanotic heart disease. Congenital heart disease was diagnosed during the index pregnancy in 26.1% of patients and the majority (88.4%) were in NYHA classes 1 and 2. Atrial septal defect (27.7%) was the most common lesion in women with acyanotic heart disease and the majority with cyanotic heart disease had Eisenmenger syndrome, 13 of 21 (61.9%). Sixty pregnancies occurred in patients with surgically corrected lesions (acyanotic, 56; cyanotic, 4). The incidences of abortions (8.3%), stillbirths (13.6%) and small for gestational age (SGA) (36.4%) were higher in cyanotic heart disease compared to acyanotic heart disease (stillbirth, 0.8%; SGA, 6.9%). There was a statistically significant difference in mean maternal age, mean gestational age and mean birth-weight in the surgically corrected and noncorrected lesions in both acyanotic and cyanotic heart disease. There was 1 maternal death in a woman with Eisenmenger syndrome.     

单纯葡萄糖筛查试验异常对妊娠结局和新生儿体质指标的影响

目的 探讨妊娠期单纯葡萄糖筛查试验(GCT)异常对妊娠结局和新生儿体质指标的影响.方法 收集2006年11月至2007年12月于中山大学附属第一医院妇产科住院分娩的孕妇214例,于孕24～28周时行50 g GCT,若服糖后1 h血糖≥7.8 mmol/L,再行75 g口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT),空腹血糖及服糖后1 h、2 h、3 h血糖标准分别为5.3 mmol/L、10.0 mmol/L、8.6 mmol/L和7.8 mmol/L,4项血糖值均未达到上述标准,为OGTT正常.50 g GCT异常、但75 g OGTY正常的116例孕妇及其新生儿为单纯GCT异常组;50 g GCT正常的98例孕妇及其新生儿为GCT正常组.对两组母儿结局进行分析.记录两组新生儿的出生体重、身长、头围、肩周围值;于出生后24 h内以皮尺测定其上臂围,以直尺测定其肱三头肌皮褶厚度及腹壁皮下脂肪厚度.结果 (1)两组母儿结局:单纯GCT异常组孕妇的阴道助产率[10.3%(12/116)]、羊水过多发生率[5.2%(6/116)]、胎膜早破发生率[13.8%(16/116)]、胎儿窘迫发生率[20.7%(24/116)]与GCT正常组[分别为4.1%(4/98)、10.2%(10/98)、17.3%(17/98)、13.3%(13/98)]比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);单纯GCT异常组孕妇的剖宫产率[72.4%(84/116)]、阴道顺产率[17.2%(20/116)]、大于胎龄儿出生率[25.9%(30/116)],与GCT正常组[分别为51.0%(50/98)、44.9%(44/98)、6.1%(6/98)]比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).(2)新生儿体质指标:单纯GCT异常组新生儿出生体重为(3.4±0.4)kg,与GCT正常组的(3.3±0.4)kg比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);单纯GCT异常组新生儿身长[(49.9±1.3)cm]、头围[(33.4±1.5)cm]、肩周围[(35.4±2.3)cm]、上臂围[(11.0±0.7)cm]、肱三头肌皮褶厚度[(9.7±1.0)mm]、腹壁皮下脂肪厚度[(7.2±1.2)mm]等体质指标,与GCT正常组[分别为(49.7±1.4)cm、(33.8±1.7)cm、(35.0±2.3)cm、(10.9±0.8)cm、(9.9±1.4)mm、(7.2±1.0)mm]比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 单纯GCT异常对新生儿体质指标无影响,但GCT异常的孕妇剖宫产率、大于胎龄儿出生率、新生儿出生体重均高于GCT正常的孕妇.     

The effect of indomethacin tocolysis in preterm labour on perinatal outcome: a randomised placebo-controlled trial

Objective To determine whether indomethacin tocolysis in preterm labour is associated with a better perinatal outcome than placebo.
Design A randomised placebo-controlled trial.
Setting Two university teaching hospitals with level three neonatal intensive care units.
Population Women in preterm labour with intact membranes between 23 and 30 weeks of gestation.
Methods Random allocation to tocolysis with indomethacin (50 mg followed by 25 mg 6 hourly for 48 hours) or placebo in a double-blind fashion.
Main outcome measures The primary outcome, perinatal mortality or severe neonatal morbidity, was defined as perinatal death, necrotising enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular haemorrhage or pen-ventricular leucomalacia. Data were analysed using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Results Between March 1995 and February 1996, 34 women (39 babies) were recruited. The baseline characteristics of the two groups were similar. No patient was lost to follow up. In the indomethacin group, gestation was prolonged by > 48 hours in 13/16 (81%) of women vs 10/18 (56%) in the placebo group. The incidence of perinatal mortality or severe neonatal morbidity was not significantly different between the groups, but occurred in twice as many babies in the indomethacin group as in the placebo group d/l9 (32%) vs 3/20 (15%) OR (95% CI) 2.62 (0.44–18.8). There was one perinatal death, of a baby delivered at 24 weeks of gestation. This occurred in the indomethacin group.
Conclusion There is no evidence that indomethacin tocolysis is beneficial, and further trials are needed to assess the impact of indomethacin tocolysis in preterm labour.