髓过氧化物酶基因多态性与肺癌易感性的研究

目的研究内蒙古地区蒙汉族人群中髓过氧化物酶(myeloperoxidase,MPO)基因多态性分布频率差异及其与肺癌易感性的关系,同时探讨基因多态性与吸烟在肺癌易感性中的交互作用。方法PCR-RFLP技术检测内蒙古地区蒙古族和汉族人群MPO基因G463A位点的多态性,运用SPSS统计软件对数据分析,计数资料组间差异采用χ2检验及Binary Logistic回归分析进行统计处理,并探讨基因多态性与肺癌易感性的关系。结果 (1) MPO基因G463A位点G/G、G/A和A/A基因型在内蒙古地区汉族健康人群的分布频率分别为63.71%、30.57%和5.72%;在蒙古族健康人群中分布频率分别为64.86%、30.00%和5.14%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。(2)内蒙古地区蒙古族和汉族人群中MPOG/A和A/A基因型与MPO G/G基因型比较差异有统计学意义,有明显降低患肺癌风险性的作用(P<0.05)。(3)基因多态性联合吸烟分析发现,在内蒙古地区蒙古族和汉族人群中,吸烟能增加携带各种基因型个体患肺癌的风险性,其中携带MPO G/G、G/A基因型的非吸烟者以及携带G/A、A/A和G/G基因型的吸烟者与携带MPO A/A基因型的非吸烟者比较差异有统计学意义,患肺癌的危险性增加(P<0.05)。结论 (1) MPO基因G463A位点多态性在内蒙古地区蒙古族和汉族人群中的分布差异无统计学意义;(2) MPO G/A和A/A基因型能显著降低内蒙古地区蒙古族和汉族肺癌的易感性;(3) MPO G/G基因型显著增加吸烟者患肺癌的易感性,其与吸烟在肺癌发生中存在交互作用。     

毒物代谢酶的基因多态性与慢性苯中毒易感性

目的探讨毒物代谢酶CYP2E1、MPO、NQO1、GSTT1和GSTM1基因多态性与慢性苯中毒遗传易感性之间的关系。方法选择100名慢性苯中毒工人为病例组及90名同期接苯但无苯中毒表现的同工种工人为对照组,应用PCR-RFLP及多重PCR方法判定CYP2E1、MPO、NQO1、GSTT1和GSTM1基因基因型。结果携带NQO1 C609T T/T基因型(纯合突变型)个体发生苯中毒的危险性是具有C/T基因型(杂合型)和C/C基因型(野生型)个体的2.82倍(95%CI:1.42~5.58,P<0.05),是具有C/C基因型(野生型)个体的2.94倍(95%CI:1.25~6.90,P<0.05);携带GSTT1缺失型(null)基因型个体发生苯中毒的危险性是具GSTT1非缺失型(non-null)基因型个体的1.91倍(95%CI:1.05~3.45,P<0.05)。未发现CYP2E1、MPO、GSTM1基因型与苯中毒之间的关系。同时携带NQO1 C609T纯合突变型(T/T)、GSTT1缺失型(null)与GSTM1缺失型(null)个体接苯时发生苯中毒的危险性最高,是NQO1 C609T杂合型(C/T)和野生型(C/C)、GSTT1非缺失型(non-null)与GSTM1非缺失型(non-null)个体的20.41倍(95%CI:3.79~111.11,P<0.01)。结论基因之间的交互作用在苯中毒的发生中起重要作用。同时携带NQO1 C609T纯合突变基因型(T/T)、GSTT1缺失基因型(null)和GSTM1缺失基因型(null)个体发生苯中毒的风险最大,可考虑作为苯中毒的重要生物标志物。     

肺癌患者与非肺癌人群CYP1A1基因MspⅠ位点多态性

目的:研究肺癌患者和正常人群CYP1A1基因MspⅠ位点的多态性。方法:应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态技术对47例肺癌患者和94例非肺癌的基因型进行分析。结果:肺癌患者和非肺癌的CYP1A1基因A型(野生型)、B型(杂合型)和C型(突变型)在病例组的携带率分别为51.1%、40.4%和8.5%,对照组则分别为45.7%、39.4%和14.9%。经统计学检验,两组间差异无显著性(P>0.05),携带杂合型及纯合突变基因型(w/m,m/m)的个体患肺癌的危险性与CYP1A1基因MspⅠ多态性无相关性(OR=0.49,95%CI=0.15～1.56,P>0.05)。结论:CYP1A1基因MspⅠ多态性与肺癌发生无明显相关性。     

GSTM1基因多态性与满族人群肺癌易感性关系

目的 研究内蒙古地区GSTM1基因多态性与满族人群肺癌易感性关系.方法 采用多重PCR分析技术对内蒙古地区214例正常满族人及128例满族肺癌患者进行GSTM1基因多态性检测,并联合吸烟状况,分析GSTM1基因多态性及吸烟与肺癌之间的相互关系.结果 ①与GSTM1(+)基因型相比,携带GSTM1(-)基因型的个体患肺癌的危险度升高2.264倍;②吸烟人群较不吸烟人群患肺癌的危险度升高2.143倍;③与携带GSTM1(+)的非吸烟者相比,携带GSTM1(-)吸烟者患肺癌的危险度升高,OR值为5.504(95％ CI=2.837～10.676),且结果具有统计学意义(P＜0.001);携带GSTM1(-)的非吸烟者与携带GSTM1(+)的吸烟者患肺癌的危险度均升高,OR值分别为1.546 (95％ CI=0.771～3.100)和1.154(95％ CI=0.572～2.327),但结果没有显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论 GSTM1(-)、吸烟为内蒙古地区满族人群肺癌的易感因素.     

TCF7L2、AKT2、FOXO1基因多态性与2型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的:探讨天津地区汉族人群TCF7L2、AKT2、FOXO1基因多态性与2型糖尿病(T2DM)发生的关系。方法:选取352例T2DM患者(T2DM组)及176例健康体检者(对照组),提取基因组DNA,PCR扩增目的片段后,应用变性高效液相色谱技术检测3种基因的基因型频率,并选取不同峰型进行DNA测序。分析不同基因型频率的组间差异,并对联合基因型进行分析,Logistic回归分析影响T2DM发病的相关因素。结果:2组TCF7L2基因rs12255372、FOXO1基因rs2701891基因型及等位基因频率差异有统计学意义,2组AKT2基因rs11669332基因型及等位基因频率差异无统计学意义。TCF7L2T+/FOXO1T+、TCF7L2G+/FOXO1C+与TCF7L2G+/FOXO1T+在2组间的分布差异有统计学意义。Logistic回归分析结果示糖化血红蛋白及尿素氮升高、TCF7L2T+/FOXO1C+为T2DM的危险因素,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平升高为保护因素。结论:携带TCF7L2基因rs12255372位点G/T基因型与FOXO1基因rs2701891位点C/C、C/T基因型者发生T2DM的危险性增大,可能与天津地区汉族人群T2DM的发病有关,且两基因间存在一定协同作用。     

细胞色素P450 1B1基因多态性与子宫内膜癌易感性研究

目的研究细胞色素P4501B1基因外显子2密码子119（G-T）、外显子3密码子432（C-G）多态性与子宫内膜癌遗传易感性的关系。方法采用等位基因特异性聚合酶链反应（AS-PCR）法对72例子宫内膜癌患者和80例对照者进行CYP1B1基因密码子119（G-T）、密码子432（C-G）突变分析,用SP免疫组化法进一步研究雌激素受体（ER）、孕激素受体（PR）的表达是否受CYP1B1基因多态性的影响。结果CYP1B1基因密码子119、432中等位基因G、T和C、G在子宫内膜癌组和对照组分布的差异有显著性（χ^2=16.817,P=0.000;χ^2=9.133,P=0.003）,其中等位基因T、G使患子宫内膜癌危险性分别增加了3.052和2.213倍。CYP1B1基因密码子119G/T各基因型分布两组间有显著性差异（χ^2=18.267,P〈0.01）,纯合突变T/T、G/G基因型、杂合突变G/T、C/G基因型与野生G/G、C/C基因型相比,患子宫内膜癌的危险度分别提高了4.258、3.871倍和3.235、2.214倍。此外,119T/T、G/T基因型、432G/G、C/G基因型者ER阳性表达率高于119G/G、432C/C野生基因型,有显著性差异（χ^2=6.750,P=0.034;χ^2=6.977,P=0.031）。结论CYP1B1基因密码子119、432突变等位基因与子宫内膜癌的发生有一定关联,突变基因型增加了子宫内膜癌的发病风险,且与ER的表达相关。     

hOGG1基因多态性与川北地区肺癌易感性关系的研究

目的探讨四川北部地区汉族人群8-羟基鸟嘌呤糖苷酶(hOGG1)基因Ser326Cys位点多态性状况及其与该地区肺癌易感性的关系,并与其他地区人群进行比较。方法采用病例对照研究方法和聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性(polymerise chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism,PCR-RFLP)方法检测四川北部地区肺癌患者125例和非肿瘤患者125例(对照组)hOGG1基因第326位点Ser/Cys基因型分布,并比较不同基因型与肺癌发病危险的关系。结果病例组的Ser/Ser、Ser/Cys、Cys/Cys基因型频率分别为15.2%、27.2%、57.6%,而对照组分别为32.0%、42.4%、25.6%。χ2检验显示两组基因型分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与携带Ser/Ser基因型相比,携带Ser/Cys基因型者患肺癌风险增加(OR=1.351,95%CI=0.674～2.707,P=0.397),而携带Cys/Cys基因型者肺癌风险增加3倍(OR=4.737,95%CI=2.384～9.413,P=0.000)。结论 hOGG1基因Ser326Cys多态性可能与四川北部肺癌易感性有关,携带Cys/Cys基因型肺癌风险明显增加。     

CYP1A1基因多态性与宫颈癌遗传易感性的关系

目的 探讨CYP1A1基因Exon7位点和Msp1位点多态性与宫颈癌遗传易感性的关系.方法 280例老年官颈癌患者为实验组,280例健康体检者为对照组,用CR-RELP技术和ASAPCR技术分别检测两组人群Msp1位点和Exon7位点的多态性.结果 两组在CYP1A1Ⅱe/Val位点分布上差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);且携带Ⅱe/Val基因型的个体发生官颈癌的危险是携带Ⅱe/Ⅱe基因型个体的2.473倍.而两组的Mspl基因型多态性分布频率及OR值均无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论 CYP1A1 Exon7基因多态性是发生宫颈癌的危险因素,有可能成为宫颈癌遗传易感标记物.Mspl位点多态性与官颈癌易感性可能无关.     

转化生长因子β_1单核苷酸多态性及血清水平与高血压左室肥厚的关系

目的研究转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)基因+869、+915位点等位基因频率及基因型在高血压左室肥厚患者中的分布,初步分析其基因型及血清水平与高血压左室肥厚的关系。方法采用序列特异性引物聚合酶链反应(PCR-SSP),检测186例高血压患者(其中91例伴左室肥厚)及105名对照组TGF-β1基因+869T/C、+915G/C多态性,同时采用双抗体夹心ABC-酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法测定血清TGF-β1水平。结果高血压左室肥厚组血清TGF-β1水平显著高于高血压非左室肥厚组和对照组(P均<0.05),TGF-β1+869T/C多态性在两组人群中的分布差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05),C等位基因携带者患高血压左室肥厚的风险是T等位基因的1.787倍(OR=1.787,95%CI:1.194~2.673),携带C等位基因的高血压左室肥厚患者血清TGF-β1水平高于不携带者(P<0.05)。结论TGF-β1基因+869T/C多态性与高血压左室肥厚的发病具有相关性,C等位基因可能是高血压左室肥厚发病的遗传易感基因;携带C等位基因的个体可能通过促进TGF-β1的高度表达,进而增加了高血压左室肥厚的发病风险。     

单核细胞趋化蛋白-1-2518A／G基因多态性与肺癌分型关系的研究

目的：（1）研究贵州地区汉族人群中单核细胞趋化蛋白‐1（MCP‐1）‐2518A／G位点是否存在基因多态性;（2）探讨MCP‐1‐2518A／G基因多态性与肺癌及其分型的相关性。方法收集2013年3－12月在我科住院治疗的无血缘关系的肺癌患者（实验组）90例,根据肿瘤组织病理学类型分为非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC ）和小细胞肺癌（SCLC）,同时收集同期健康体检者（对照组）32例。通过运用聚合酶链式反应‐限制性片段长度多态性（PCR‐RFLP）技术对MCP‐1‐2518A／G的基因型进行检测。结果（1）贵州地区汉族人群中MCP‐1‐2518A／G存在基因多态性,健康人群中三种基因型（AA、AG、GG）的分布频率分别为：6．2％、46．9％、46．9％;实验组为：26．7％、46．6％、26．7％;（2）实验组和对照组中MCP‐1‐2518A／G 三种基因型分布差异具有统计学意义,AA基因型个体患肺癌的相对风险度高（OR＝5．455,P＝0．015）,GG基因型个体患肺癌的相对风险度低（OR＝ 0．412,P＝0．035）,携带A等位基因的个体患肺癌的相对风险是携带G等位基因个体的2．368倍;（3）从组织学类型来看,NSCLC患者AA基因型和GG基因型分布频率在两组间差异具有统计学意义,AA基因型个体患NSCLC的相对风险度高（OR＝7．174,P＝0．004）,GG基因型个体患病的相对风险度低（OR＝0．408,P＝0．043）,SCLC患者各基因型患病的相对风险度与对照组差异无统计学意义。结论（1）贵州地区汉族人群中存在MCP‐1‐2518A／G基因多态性;（2）MCP‐1‐2518A／G基因多态性与肺癌的发病有相关性,A等位基因可能是肺癌发病的易感基因;（3）MCP‐1‐2518A／G基因多态性与NSCLC的发病有相关性,与SCLC的发病无相关。     

Vascular sphingosine-1-phosphate S1P1 and S1P3 receptors

The sphingolipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) acts on five subtypes of G-protein- coupled receptors, termed S1P(1) (formerly endothelial differentiation gene-1 [Edg-1]), S1P(2) (Edg-5), S1P(3) (Edg-3), S1P(4) (Edg-6) and S1P(5) (Edg-8), and possibly several other "orphan" receptors, such as GPR3, GPR6 and GPR12. These receptors are coupled to different intracellular second messenger systems, including adenylate cyclase, phospholipase C, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinases, as well as Rho- and Ras-dependent pathways. Consistently with this receptor multiplicity and pleiotropic signaling mechanisms, S1P influences numerous cell functions. S1P(1)1, S1P(2) and S1P(3) receptors are the major S1P receptor subtypes in the cardiovascular system, where they mediate the effects of S1P released from platelets, and possibly other tissues (such as brain). Thus S1P(1) and S1P(3) receptors enhance endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, playing a key role in developmental and pathological angiogenesis. In contrast, S1P(2) receptors inhibit migration of these cell types, probably because of their unique stimulatory effect on a GTPase-activating protein inhibiting the activity of Rac. S1P receptors can also cause relaxation and constriction of blood vessels. The former effect is mediated by pertussis toxin-sensitive receptors (possibly S1P(1)) located on the endothelium and stimulating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). The vasoconstricting effect of S1P is likely to be mediated by S1P(2) and/or S1P(3) receptors, via Rho-Rho-kinase, and is more potent in coronary and cerebral blood vessels. Finally, S1P also protects endothelial cells from apoptosis through activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/eNOS via S1P(1) and S1P(3) receptors. The variety of these effects, taken together with the existence of multiple receptor subtypes, provides an abundance of therapeutic targets that currently still await the development of selective agents.     

Antimykobakterielle 1-Phenyl-1-alkylaminoalkane

Antimycobacterial 1-Phenyl-1-alkylaminoalkanes Synthesis and testing for antimycobacterial properties (M. tuberculosis H 37 Ra, Middlebrook-7H9-broth) of 1-phenyl-1-alkylaminoalkanes, which differ from antimycobacterial N-alkylbenzylamines by an additional alkyl chain in α-position, is described. By variation of both alkyl chains and introduction of one or two Cl-substituents in the aromatic ring the activity increases up to an optimum within the homologous series. Overstepping optimal lipophilicity or ramification of the alkyl chains decrease activity. Compounds 19, 20, 33-35, 51-53, 61-63, 65-67, 70-73, 96 and 102 - 104 inhibit the growth of M. tuberculosis in concentrations of 2 to 4 μg/ml.     

Sulfation of iodothyronines by human sulfotransferase 1C1 (SULT1C1)*

Sulfation is an important component of human thyroid hormone metabolism. The role of the human sulfotransferase 1C1 (SULT1C1) is not known. Because SULT1C1 is present in the adult thyroid, intra-thyroidal sulfation of thyroid hormones and their metabolites might occur. We tested this hypothesis by determining the ability of recombinant human SULT1C1 to catalyze iodothyronine sulfation. Apparent K(m) values for 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T(3)), 3, 3'-diiodothyronine (3,3'-T(2)), 3',5',3-triiodothyronine (rT(3)), and 3,3',5,5'-tetraiodothyronine (T(4)) with SULT1C1 were 28.7, 10.3, 10.2, and 59.3 microM, respectively. Thermal stability and responses to inhibitors also were tested with T(3) as the substrate. Enzyme aliquots were measured simultaneously to determine SULT1C1 substrate preferences at optimal iodothyronine concentrations. SULT1C1 activity obtained with T(3) was used as 100%, and the activities with 3,3'-T(2), rT(3), T(4), and 3,5-diiodothyronine (3, 5-T(2)) were 614, 314, 25, and 4%, respectively. We report for the first time the characterization of human SULT1C1 with T(3) and the preferences of the enzyme for various iodothyronines. The presence of SULT1C1 in the adult thyroid gland raises the possibilities that the enzyme can contribute to intraglandular thyroid hormone processing and iodide reutilization.     

Phenotype of the Cyp1a1/1a2/1b1-/- triple-knockout mouse

Crossing the Cyp1a1/1a2(-/-) double-knockout mouse with the Cyp1b1(-/-) single-knockout mouse, we generated the Cyp1a1/1a2/1b1(-/-) triple-knockout mouse. In this triple-knockout mouse, statistically significant phenotypes (with incomplete penetrance) included slower weight gain and greater risk of embryolethality before gestational day 11, hydrocephalus, hermaphroditism, and cystic ovaries. Oral benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) daily for 18 days in the Cyp1a1/1a2(-/-) produced the same degree of marked immunosuppression as seen in the Cyp1a1(-/-) mouse; we believe this reflects the absence of intestinal CYP1A1. Oral BaP-treated Cyp1a1/1a2/1b1(-/-) mice showed the same "rescued" response as that seen in the Cyp1a1/1b1(-/-) mouse; we believe this reflects the absence of CYP1B1 in immune tissues. Urinary metabolite profiles were dramatically different between untreated triple-knockout and wild-type; principal components analysis showed that the shifts in urinary metabolite patterns in oral BaP-treated triple-knockout and wild-type mice were also strikingly different. Liver microarray cDNA differential expression (comparing triple-knockout with wild-type) revealed at least 89 genes up- and 62 genes down-regulated (P-value < or = 0.00086). Gene Ontology "classes of genes" most perturbed in the untreated triple-knockout (compared with wild-type) include lipid, steroid, and cholesterol biosynthesis and metabolism; nucleosome and chromatin assembly; carboxylic and organic acid metabolism; metal-ion binding; and ion homeostasis. In the triple-knockout compared with the wild-type mice, response to zymosan-induced peritonitis was strikingly exaggerated, which may well reflect down-regulation of Socs2 expression. If a single common molecular pathway is responsible for all of these phenotypes, we suggest that functional effects of the loss of all three Cyp1 genes could be explained by perturbations in CYP1-mediated eicosanoid production, catabolism and activities.     

间质作用因子1通过正调控窖蛋白1抑制FBJ-S1-H的迁移性

目的证明间质作用因子(stromal interaction molecule1,Stim1)在FBJ诱导的小鼠骨肉瘤细胞中的抑癌作用。方法在Stim1高表达的FBJ-S1-H细胞采用Stim1以siRNA干扰技术得到Stim1沉默的几株S1-H单克隆细胞株,通过细胞行为学方法和RT-PCR技术对其mRNA进行研究,通过明胶酶谱法对细胞基质金属酶活性进行研究。结果通过细胞行为学方法证明,Stim1的沉默提高了细胞的迁移性,通过对mRNA表达的研究发现,Stim1沉默引起了多种基因表达的变化,其中包括基质金属酶9(matrix mexalloprotelnase 9,MMP-9)的升高,窖蛋白(caveolinl,Cav1),甾醇调控因子Srebf1的降低等,提高单克隆细胞中的Cav1含量可以使细胞迁移性降低。结论实验结果证明在FBJ-S1-H细胞中,Stim1能够抑制细胞的移动性,沉默Stim1的表达能够提高细胞的迁移性。