缺血性脑卒中患者血压变异性与预后相关性的研究进展

众所周知,高血压是卒中的主要危险因素。国内外二级预防指南均建议通过严格控制血压以降低卒中发生风险,近年来随着24 h动态血压监测的广泛应用,血压变异性(blood pressure variability,BPV)对于卒中患者预后的影响越来越受到重视。但是迄今为止,缺血性卒中患者的最佳血压水平、血压昼夜节律以及晨峰血压与卒中预后的关系尚不清楚。笔者复习国内外文献的基础上对BPV的概念及分类、BPV的判断标准、病理性BPV的临床意义、BPV与缺血性卒中的关系、不同降压药物对BPV的影响进行综述。     

高血压患者血压变异性与颈动脉硬化的关系研究

目的探讨原发性高血压患血压变异性(BPV)与颈动脉硬化的关系。方法选择中老年高血压病患者共154例,同期进行24 h动态血压监测及颈动脉血管超声检查,根据颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)将其分为IMT正常组(69例)及颈动脉硬化组(85例),以24 h收缩压变异性中位数为分界点,分为低BPV组(77例)和高BPV组(77例)。结果颈动脉硬化组较颈动脉IMT正常组相比,颈动脉硬化组24 h平均收缩压、24 h平均舒张压、24 h收缩压变异性、24 h舒张压变异性、IMT均显著增高(P0.05);相对于低BPV组患者,高BPV组患者有更高的颈动脉IMT值及斑块检出率(P0.05);24 h平均收缩压变异性与颈动脉IMT(r=0.64,P0.05)呈正相关。结论高血患者颈动脉硬化及斑块的形成与血压变异性密切相关。     

血压变异性与高血压小卒中急性期神经功能恶化的关系

临床纳入收治的高血压小卒中患者90例,根据急性期神经功能是否恶化分为恶化组和稳定组各45例,观察两组血压变异性(BPV)、血压变异系数等情况。结果恶化组24h CV_(SBP)、24h CV_(DBP)、d CV_(SBP)、d CV_(DBP)的检测水平高于稳定组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);而两组在n CV_(DBP)、n CV_(SBP)方面相比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);通过回归分析显示:24h CV_(SBP)和d CV_(SBP)为急性期神经功能恶化的危险因素。高血压小卒中急性期神经功能恶化可能与血压变异性(BPV)有关,在卒中急性期和临床二级预防中应密切关注血压变异性(BPV)的变化情况。     

血Hcy水平对原发性高血压患者血压变异性和动脉硬化的影响

目的：分析原发性高血压患者的血Hcy水平对血压变异性、动脉硬化的影响。方法：对2015年5月~2016年5月我院门诊收治的126例原发性高血压患者进行观察,对所有患者进行血Hcy水平检测。将血Hcy水平＞16 ?滋mol/L的60例患者分为观察组,将血Hcy水平＜16 ?滋mol/L的66例患者分为对照组。对两组患者进行24 h动态血压监测,同时对患者的空腹血糖（FBG）、甘油三酯（TG）、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C、LDL-C）、总胆固醇（TC）、糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）、尿酸水平等各项指标进行检测,观察和记录两组患者的各项指标与动脉硬化、血压变异性的关系。结果：观察组血Hcy水平明显高于对照组,观察组血压变异性各项指标均大于对照组,观察组FBG、TC、HbAlc、尿酸水平明显高于对照组,且LDL-C水平明显更高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。结论：原发性高血压患者血Hcy水平与血压变异性（BPV）呈正比,且血Hcy水平越高,动脉硬化的风险性越高。     

P（cv-a）CO 2/C（a-v）O 2 ratio在感染性休克早期目标导向性复苏中的潜在价值

目的探讨中心静脉血二氧化碳分压-动脉血二氧化碳分压差/动脉血氧含量-静脉血氧含量差［P（cv-a）CO₂/C（a-v）O₂ ratio］在感染性休克早期目标导向性复苏中的应用。 方法收集自2018年6月至2019年6月在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院ICU接受治疗的感染性休克患者44例。根据P（cv-a）CO₂/C（a-v）O₂ ratio值将患者分为A、B 2组,其中A组为P（cv-a）CO₂/C（a-v）O₂ ratio＜1.6,B组为P（cv-a）CO₂/C（a-v）O₂ ratio≥1.6。比较2组患者的基线资料［性别、年龄、感染部位、急性生理学与慢性健康状况（APACHE Ⅱ）评分与序贯器官衰竭评估（SOFA）评分］、基本参数［中心静脉压（CVP）、平均动脉压（MAP）、小时尿量、血管活性药物使用量、24 h出入量、血红蛋白、乳酸水平］、氧代谢参数［0、6、12、24 h的动脉血氧分压（PaO₂）,动脉血氧饱和度（SaO₂）,中心静脉血氧分压（PcvO₂）,中心静脉血氧饱和度（ScvO₂）,P（cv-a）CO₂（gap）,P（cv-a）CO₂/C（a-v）O₂ ratio,氧合指数,氧摄取率,及6、12 h的乳酸清除率］及转归［血管活性药物使用时间,机械通气时间,24、48、72、96 h的APACHEⅡ评分和SOFA评分,住ICU时间,住院时间,28 d病死率］等数据。 结果2组患者基线资料比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。0 h 2组间P（cv-a）CO₂/C（a-v）O₂ ratio、氧分压、氧合指数、氧摄取率、乳酸、P（cv-a）CO₂（gap）比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;6 h 2组间乳酸清除率比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。2组间1、3、5、7 d APACHE Ⅱ评分、SOFA评分、血管活性药物使用时间（去甲肾上腺素）、机械通气时间、住ICU时间、住院时间及28 d病死率比较,差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。 结论P（cv-a）CO₂/C（a-v）O₂ ratio在感染性休克早期目标导向性复苏中可作为补充指标,评价组织乏氧代谢,指导治疗。     

大脑中动脉慢性闭塞患者脑血流动力学参数与脑梗死体积的相关性研究

目的探讨单侧大脑中动脉慢性闭塞（CMCAO）患者大脑中动脉（MCA）区域血流动力学参数与脑梗死体积的相关性。 方法回顾性连续纳入2015年10月至2018年7月就诊于苏州大学附属第一医院神经内科、神经外科,经颅多普勒超声（TCD）确诊为单侧CMCAO的患者43例,行数字减影血管造影（DSA）评估软脑膜侧支（LMA）分级并将患者分为LMA良好组（26例,3~4级）和LMA不良组（17例,0~2级）。TCD和（或）经颅彩色多普勒超声（TCCS）检测并记录健侧（c）及患侧（i）MCA平均流速（MV）,计算健侧与患侧MCA的MV比值（MV_cMCA/MV_iMCA）。根据磁共振弥散加权成像（DWI）检查结果计算脑梗死体积,并将43例患者分为无梗死、小体积、中体积及大体积梗死组。分别比较LMA良好组与不良组之间一般资料、实验室检查、临床症状、MCA流速及脑梗死体积的差异,采用Spearman秩相关分析MCA流速与脑梗死体积的相关性。 结果2组患者临床症状表现差异有统计学意义（P=0.031）,LMA良好组卒中比例显著低于LMA不良组［15（57.7%）vs 16（94.1%）］,且无症状患者比例显著高于LMA不良组［5（19.2%）vs 0（0）］。LMA良好组的MV_iMCA显著高于LMA不良组［（40.15±12.32）vs（20.82±6.73）］,MV_cMCA/MV_iMCA低于LMA不良组［1.38（1.12,1.65） vs 2.60（2.12,3.05）］,差异均有统计学意义（t=-5.900、Z=-4.434,P均<0.001）。LMA良好组无梗死及小体积梗死患者比例较高,LMA不良组中体积及大体积梗死患者比例较高,LMA良好组与不良组脑梗死体积分布差异有统计学意义（Z=-3.518,P<0.001）。脑梗死体积与MV_iMCA呈中度负相关（r=-0.574,P<0.001）,与MV_cMCA/MV_iMCA呈中度正相关（r=0.615,P<0.001）;LMA不良组脑梗死体积与MV_iMCA呈中度负相关（r=-0.621,P=0.008）,与MV_cMCA/MV_iMCA呈高度正相关（r=0.721,P=0.001）。 结论MCA区域流速与脑梗死体积明显相关,可以通过检测脑血流动力学变化,直接评估LMA逆向血流代偿以及MCA区域血流代偿情况,间接反映患者脑梗死病灶体积大小,从而为个体化诊疗方案的制定以及患者随访提供可靠、实时、动态的评估依据。     

神经肌肉电刺激联合康复训练治疗缺血性卒中患者咽期吞咽障碍的疗效观察

目的比较神经肌肉电刺激（NMES）联合吞咽功能训练治疗急性期、恢复期缺血性卒中伴吞咽障碍患者的疗效。 方法选取符合入组标准的缺血性卒中急性期（起病72h内）和恢复期（病程1~3月）患者各15例,联合采用NMES及常规吞咽功能训练对其进行治疗,共治疗3周。分别于治疗前、后采用洼田饮水试验分级、功能性经口摄食量表（FOIS）、电视透视吞咽功能评估VDS咽期评分及Rosenbek渗透/误吸量表（PAS）对2组患者吞咽功能进行评估。 结果经3周治疗后,发现2组患者洼田饮水试验分级、FOIS分级、VDS咽期评分和PAS分级均较治疗前明显改善（P<0.05）;并且急性期组患者洼田饮水试验分级改善幅度［（1.9±0.5）分］、VDS咽期评分［（23.9±9.6）分］及改善幅度［（15.5±7.5）分］均显著优于恢复期组（P<0.05）。 结论NMES联合常规吞咽功能训练对急性期及恢复期缺血性卒中伴吞咽功能障碍患者均有显著疗效,能进一步改善患者咽期吞咽功能,并且以急性期进行干预效果更好。     

神经丝轻链蛋白水平与急性脑梗死后早期神经功能恶化的相关性

目的 探讨神经丝轻链蛋白（neurofilament light chain, NfL）水平与急性脑梗死（acute cerebral infarction, ACI）后早期神经功能恶化（early neurological deterioration, END）的相关性。方法 采用多中心观察性研究的方法，纳入德阳地区4家医院2019年3月31日-2021年7月31日发病72 h内的ACI患者，探讨END发生的危险因素。结果 本研究共纳入339例ACI患者，其中女性131例，男性208例，年龄（68.1±11.6）岁。80例患者在入院后7 d内发生END,END发生率为23.6%。未发生END患者的入院美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分、NfL水平比发生END患者低（P<0.05）。Cox比例风险模型显示，NfL水平[风险比（hazard ratio, HR）=1.037,95%置信区间（confidence interval, CI）(1.025,1.050),P<0.001]、入院美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分[HR=1.202,95%CI(1.127,1.282),P&l...     

原发性高血压患者血压变异性与左心室舒张功能的相关性研究

目的探讨原发性高血压患者血压变异性与左心室舒张功能的相关性。方法 145例原发性高血压患者,依据彩色多普勒超声心动图检测结果分为舒张功能正常组(88例),不全组(57例)。应用动态血压监测仪连续24 h检测血压,并计算血压变异性(BPV)各指标。比较2组超声心动图各检测指标及动态血压参数及BPV各指标。对BPV各指标与左心室舒张功能不全进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果舒张功能正常组E、A、E/Ea低于不全组,Ea、A'高于不全组(P<0.05)。正常组24 h平均舒张压、白天及夜间平均收缩压、夜间平均舒张压、SBPSD、DBPSD、DBPCV均明显低于不全组(P<0.05)。SBPSD、SBPCV与左心室舒张功能不全呈正相关(r=0.119,P<0.01)。结论血压变异性是左心室舒张功能的独立影响因素之一,降低血压变异性对改善左心室舒张功能具有重要意义。     

苯磺酸瑞马唑仑用于ICU机械通气患者镇静的有效性与安全性

目的探讨苯磺酸瑞马唑仑对ICU机械通气患者镇静的有效性及对呼吸循环系统的影响。 方法采用前瞻性随机对照研究方法，选择2021年1月至9月信阳市中心医院综合ICU收治的有镇静需求的机械通气患者92例，将其随机分为2组，苯磺酸瑞马唑仑组（R组）45例，丙泊酚组（P组）47例。2组患者分别给予舒芬太尼镇痛，维持镇痛目标为重症监护疼痛观察工具（CPOT）评分＜2分。其中R组给予苯磺酸瑞马唑仑7 mg负荷剂量及2.5 mg追加剂量（达不到目标镇静深度时）静脉推注，再以0.1~0.5 mg/（kg·h）静脉泵入维持镇静；P组对于年龄＜55岁的患者给予丙泊酚0.5~1.5 mg/kg负荷剂量静脉推注（年龄＞55岁患者酌情减量），再以0.1~1 mg/（kg·h）静脉泵入维持镇静。根据Richmond镇静-躁动（RASS）评分标准，维持2组患者的目标镇静深度为-2~-3分。比较2组患者药物起效时间、停药后苏醒时间、用药前（T0）及用药后1 h（T1）、6 h（T6）、12 h（T12）、24 h（T24）时间点的心率（HR）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、左室射血分数（LVEF）、左室流出道速度-时间积分（VTI）、呼吸频率（RR）、脉搏血氧饱和度（SpO₂）的变化。 结果2组患者性别、年龄、身高、体质量、急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ（APACHE Ⅱ）等基线资料、用药前呼吸及血流动力学指标等比较，差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。给药后R组和P组起效时间比较，差异无统计学意义［（85.7±18.6）s vs（94.7±32.6）s，P=0.108］；停药后R组比P组苏醒时间更短，差异有统计意义［（22.6±6.25）s vs（25.9±7.9）s，P=0.028］；组内比较，相比于T0时间点，T1、T6、T12、T24时2组的HR、SBP、DBP、RR、LVEF、VTI均有下降，而SpO₂上升，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）；组间比较，2组患者用药后HR_{（T1、T6、T24）}、SBP_{（T1、T6、T12、T24）}、DBP_{（T1、T6、T12）}、LVEF_{（T1、T6、T24）、}VTI_{（T1、T6、T24）}比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05），而RR_{（T1、T6、T12、T24）}、SpO_{2（T1、T6、T12、T24）}比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。 结论苯磺酸瑞马唑仑、丙泊酚都具有起效快的优点。相比于丙泊酚，苯磺酸瑞马唑仑苏醒快且对于心率、血压、心脏收缩功能影响更小，更适合于ICU患者的镇静治疗。     

Predicting recurrent stroke after minor stroke and transient ischemic attack

The risk of a subsequent stroke following an acute transient ischemic attack or minor stroke is high, with 90-day risk at approximately 10%. Identification of those patients at the highest risk for recurrent stroke following a transient ischemic attack or minor stroke may allow risk-specific management strategies to be implemented, such as hospital admission with expedited work-up for those at high risk and emergency room discharge for those at low risk. Predictors of recurrent stroke, including the ABCD2 score, brain imaging and the stroke mechanism, are reviewed in this article, with a focus on recent literature. An emphasis is placed on the importance of early imaging of the brain parenchyma (diffusion-weighted imaging) and vascular imaging to identify patients at high risk for recurrence. The need for identification of the cause of the initial event, allowing therapies to be tailored to the individual patient, is discussed.     

Inadequate acoustical temporal bone window in patients with a transient ischemic attack or minor stroke: role of skull thickness and bone density

Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography may provide important diagnostic and prognostic information in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. TCD also enhances the effect of thrombolytic treatment in patients with acute stroke. In some patients, especially elderly women, TCD cannot be performed because of temporal bone window failure (WF). We investigated whether skull thickness or bone density on computed tomography scans predicts WF. In 182 patients with a transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic stroke, skull thickness and bone density measurements were made at the level of the temporal bone window. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to relate independent variables to WF and to adjust the estimates for possible confounding factors. TCD signals were absent on the symptomatic side in 22 female and 11 male patients (18%). Both skull thickness and radiodensity at the level of the temporal bone window were strongly related to WF as well as age and female gender. After adjustment according to age and gender, skull thickness at the temporal bone window was an independent prognostic factor of WF (odds ratio [OR]: 2.3 per mm increase in skull thickness, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4 to 3.8). Radiodensity of the temporal bone decreased with age in women (-52 HU per 10 y over 50 y of age, 95% CI: -73 to -30) but in men (-10 HU per 10 y over 50 y of age, 95% CI: -33 to 13), no statistically significant association was observed. We computed probabilities of WF for each patient individually. With a probability cut point of 50%, 33% of the patients with WF and 97% of the patient without WF were correctly identified. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of this simple prediction model including age, gender and skull thickness was 0.88; the area under the ROC curve of a gender-stratified model including age, skull thickness and radiodensity was 0.90. This difference was not statistically or clinically significant p = 0.13). WF is more common in women because density of the temporal bone in elderly women is low. Absence of WF can be predicted by a combination of three simple parameters: skull thickness, age and gender. This may help to select patients with ischemic stroke for diagnostic TCD screening and to facilitate targeted delivery of ultrasound-enhanced thrombolysis.     

Antithrombotic therapy for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation(AF) is a common arrhythmia that is an important independent risk factor for stroke. The overall risk of stroke in AF patients averages about 5%/y, but with wide variation depending on the presence of coexistent thromboembolic risk factors, which include increasing age, history of hypertension, previous stroke or transient ischemic attack(TIA), and diabetes. AF patients with prior stroke or TIA are at highest risk(about 12%/y). Adjusted-dose warfarin(target INR 2.0-3.0) is highly efficacious for preventing stroke in AF patients, and is safe for selected patients. Aspirin has a modest effect on reducing stroke. Warfarin is recommended for high-risk AF patients who can safely receive it. Aspirin may be indicated for those with a low stroke risk and for those who cannot receive warfarin.     

Comparison of the need for bypass shunt after stroke or transient ischemic attack in 97 patients

Using local anesthesia, we did 97 carotid endarterectomies--48 of them for acute completed stroke, stroke in evolution, or stroke associated with unstable neurologic status, and 49 for transient cerebral ischemic attack. The neurologic status of the awake patients was monitored continuously. Neurologic deterioration resulting from clamping of carotid circulation, and immediate recovery upon release of the clamp indicated need for a bypass shunt. Eighteen of the 48 patients who had had stroke and six of the 49 who had had a transient ischemic attack needed a bypass shunt. The difference was statistically significant (P less than .01).     

踝肱指数对脑梗死患者神经功能的短期影响

【目的】研究脑梗死患者踝肱指数（ankle ‐ brachial index ,ABI）特点及其与脑梗死发病的关系,探讨 ABI 对脑梗死患者神经功能的短期影响。【方法】选取2014年8月至2015年4月于本院神经内科住院的脑梗死患者100例,使用双向多谱勒血流测量仪检测患者 ABI ,分析患者 ABI 对脑梗死患者神经功能的短期影响;并分析患者早期神经功能恶化（END）发生的影响因素。【结果】100例患者,32例发生 END ,68例未发生 END 。单因素分析：早期发生 END 组患者 ABI ≤0．9的比例显著高于非 END 组（ P ＞0．05）;多因素 logis‐tic 回归分析：ABI ≤0．9与脑梗死患者 END 独立相关。【结论】ABI ≤0．9的脑梗死患者更容易在住院期间发生 END 。     

伴有DWI异常的短暂性脑缺血发作的临床特点

目的：回顾性分析短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA）伴或不伴DWI异常患者及脑梗死患者的临床特点,以探讨TIA患者出现DWI异常的临床意义。方法：选取TIA患者84例和同期住院的急性脑梗死患者45例（梗死组）,根据DWI结果把TIA患者分为TIA1组44例（DWI正常）和TIA2组40例（DWI异常）,比较3组患者的一般资料、DWI及MRA检查结果和住院期间TIA、脑梗死的复发情况。结果：3组一般资料比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;TIA2组病灶体积显著小于梗死组（1．63±2．05cm^3,10．34±11．14cm^3,P〈0．05）,两组病灶间有重叠区域;梗死组颅内动脉闭塞的发生率最高,多为远端大血管闭塞,而TIA2组闭塞血管多位于近心端;住院期间3组脑血管病发生率有显著差异,TIA2组最高,梗死组最低,并且TIA2组脑梗死发生率显著高于TIA1组和梗死组（27．5％,2．3％,2．2％,P〈0．05）,而TIA1组以TIA复发为主。结论：TIA伴DWI异常可能是独立于TIA和脑梗死之外的脑缺血综合征,危险因素与TIA和脑梗死基本相同,短期内易再发脑血管病并以脑梗死为主,应予以重视并积极治疗,其溶栓治疗方案应根据新近发生的脑损伤程度来确定。     

Association of Prediabetes and Diabetes With Stroke Symptoms: The REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study

OBJECTIVE Stroke symptoms among individuals reporting no physician diagnosis of stroke are associated with an increased risk of future stroke. Few studies have assessed whether individuals with diabetes or prediabetes, but no physician diagnosis of stroke, have an increased prevalence of stroke symptoms. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study included 25,696 individuals aged ≥45 years from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study who reported no history of stroke or transient ischemic attack at baseline (2003-2007). Glucose measurements, medication use, and self-reported physician diagnosis were used to categorize participants into diabetes, prediabetes, or normal glycemia groups. The presence of six stroke symptoms was assessed using a validated questionnaire. RESULTS The prevalence of any stroke symptom was higher among participants with diabetes (22.7%) compared with those with prediabetes (15.6%) or normal glycemia (14.9%). In multivariable models, diabetes was associated with any stroke symptom (prevalence odds ratio [POR] 1.28 [95% CI 1.18-1.39]) and two or more stroke symptoms (1.26 [1.12-1.43]) compared with normal glycemia. In analyses of individual stroke symptoms, diabetes was associated with numbness (1.15 [1.03-1.29]), vision loss (1.52 [1.31-1.76]), half-vision loss (1.54 [1.30-1.84]), and lost ability to understand people (1.34 [1.12-1.61]) after multivariable adjustment. No association was present between prediabetes and stroke symptoms. CONCLUSIONS In this population-based study, almost one in four individuals with diabetes reported stroke symptoms, which suggests that screening for stroke symptoms in diabetes may be warranted.     

Low ankle–brachial index predicts an adverse 1-year outcome after acute coronary and cerebrovascular events

BACKGROUND: Low ankle-brachial Index (ABI) identifies patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease. The aim of this study was to correlate ABI value (normal or low) with 1-year clinical outcome in patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndromes or cerebrovascular diseases (CVD). METHODS: ABI was measured in consecutive patients hospitalized because of acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). An ABI lower than or equal to 0.90 was considered abnormal. The primary outcome of the study was the composite of non-fatal acute myocardial infarction, non-fatal ischemic stroke, and death from any cause during the year following the index event. RESULTS: An abnormal ABI was found in 27.2% of 1003 patients with acute coronary syndromes, and in 33.5% of 755 patients with acute CVD. After a median follow-up of 372 days, the frequency of the primary outcome was 10.8% (57/526) in patients with abnormal ABI and 5.9% (73/1232) in patients with normal ABI [odds ratio (OR) 1.96; 95% CI 1.36-2.81]. Death was more common in patients with abnormal ABI (OR 2.05; 95% CI 1.31-3.22). Cardiovascular mortality accounted for 81.7% of overall mortality. ABI was predictive of adverse outcome after adjustment for vascular risk factors in the logistic regression analysis (OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.24-3.01). The predictive value of ABI was mainly accounted for by patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndromes (adverse outcome: 12.8% in patients with abnormal ABI and 5.9% in patients with normal ABI, OR 2.35; 95% CI 1.47-3.76). CONCLUSIONS: An abnormal ABI can be found in one-third of patients hospitalized for acute coronary or cerebrovascular events and is a predictor of an adverse 1-year outcome.     

他汀类降脂药能降低缺血性脑卒中患者再发卒中的风险

目的观察他汀类药物在缺血性脑卒中二级预防中的作用。方法将2006年以来在本院住院治疗的脑卒中／TIA患者60例随机分为他汀干预组和对照组。对照组仅接受康复治疗及危险因素治疗,干预组在对照组治疗基础上加用阿托伐他汀20mg1次／d治疗,观察3年内两组患者再发脑卒中／TIA,死亡以及其他心血管事件发生率。结果干预组再发脑卒中／TIA,冠脉事件发生率低于对照组,而死亡率,脑出血发生率两组却无明显差异。结论他汀类药物能有效预防脑卒中／TIA患者再发心脑血管事件的发生。     

他汀类降脂药能降低缺血性脑卒中患者再发卒中的风险

目的 观察他汀类药物在缺血性脑卒中二级预防中的作用.方法 将2006年以来在本院住院治疗的脑卒中/TIA患者60例随机分为他汀干预组和对照组.对照组仅接受康复治疗及危险因素治疗,干预组在对照组治疗基础上加用阿托伐他汀20 mg 1次/d治疗,观察3年内两组患者再发脑卒中/TIA,死亡以及其他心血管事件发生率.结果 干预组再发脑卒中/TIA,冠脉事件发生率低于对照组,而死亡率,脑出血发生率两组却无明显差异.结论 他汀类药物能有效预防脑卒中/TIA患者再发心脑血管事件的发生.