维生素D受体与肿瘤生长调节

维生素D受体（VDR）是维生素D作用于细胞的关键调节因子。研究表明VDR或者其天然配基1,25-（OH）2D3可以调节肿瘤的生长。本文着重关注VDR在肺癌、结肠癌、食道癌、前列腺癌、胰腺癌等肿瘤生长过程中调节控制的差异,评价其选择性预防和治疗的前景。     

Immunohistochemical distribution of tubulin beta II in human normal and neoplastic tissues

Tubulin is the major constituent protein of microtubules. In mammals, there are seven beta-tubulins and six alpha-tubulins. Each beta-tubulin isotype has a unique tissue distribution. The purpose of this study was to describe the distribution of tubulin beta II in normal and neoplastic human tissues with immunohistochemical techniques. We obtained normal tissues from 33 cases (8 fetuses, 17 neonates, 3 children and 5 adults) and 121 samples of neoplastic tissue from surgical specimens or at autopsy. Immunohistochemical staining for tubulin beta II was performed using a monoclonal antibody, KNY379 developed in our laboratory. Tubulin beta II was detected in various normal tissues, particularly in fetal and neonatal tissues, such as the nervous system, pulmonary alveoli, bronchioles and bronchi, colon, pancreatic ducts and acini, renal convoluted tubuli, skin epidermis, body cavity mesothelial cells, smooth muscle and thymus. In the adult, broad expression was also observed; however, the immunoreactivity was weaker and the extent of its distribution decreased with age. In neoplastic tissues, tubulin beta II immunoreactivity was detected in various nervous system neoplasms and other neoplasms such as pancreatic solid cystic carcinoma, pleomorphic adenoma, Warthin's tumor, nephroblastoma, basal cell carcinoma and malignant mesothelioma. We conclude that our monoclonal antibody, KNY379, may be useful as a marker of nervous system neoplasm, pancreatic solid cystic carcinoma, pleomorphic adenoma, Warthin's tumor, nephroblastoma, basal cell carcinoma and malignant mesothelioma.     

正常卵巢及卵巢肿瘤雌、孕激素受体的研究

采用酶联亲和组化法对15例正常卵巢组织、20例良性、48例恶性卵巢肿瘤的雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PgR)进行测定。结果显示:①ER、PgR阳性率在正常卵巢组织为26.67%和60%,良性肿瘤为55.00%和50.00%,恶性肿瘤为56.25%和54.17%。②恶性肿瘤患者不同年龄、行经年数、临床分期及术前有无化疗的ER、PgR状态无显著性差异(P>0.05),而不同病理分级、月经状态下的ER、PgR状态有显著差异(P<0.05)。提示:正常卵巢及卵巢病变组织中ER、PgR阳性率不同。     

Action of tilidine hydrochloride and morphine hydrochloride on ventilatory control in normal subjects.

The action of tilidine hydrochloride and morphine hydrochloride on the ventilatory response to inhaled carbon dioxide has been assessed in 10 normal volunteers. In doses of 50 mg and 100 mg given intravenously, tilidine hydrochloride induced less respiratory depression than 10 mg of morphine given intravenously. Side effects were not different or troublesome with either drug. Depending on its relative pain-relieving property, tilidine hydrochloride may have advantages over morphine as an analgesic.     

Influence of growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ axis on normal pregnancy

Objective To investigate the role of growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ) axis in normal pregnancy. Methods Totally, 116 normal pregnant women were recruited from January 1997 to June 1998, with 20 normal nonpregnant women as controls. Maternal growth hormone (GH) and IGF-Ⅰ concentrations were assayed by RIA and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Results Maternal serum levels of GH increased throughout gestation, reached a peak at 25 weeks of pregnancy and remained fairly high (χ[2]=40.458, P&lt;0.0001).There was a significant difference between samples at 5-9 week gestational age and the controls (3.45 μg/L vs 1.61 μg/L, P&lt;0.05). The maternal serum levels of IGF-Ⅰincreased rapidly throughout gestation from 29-week gestation and reached a peak of 188.86 μg/L at term delivery (χ[2]=50.224, P&lt;0.0001). Conclusions Maternal GH levels increased progressively throughout gestation, which correlated with fetal growth. Maternal GH may regulate nutrition supply among mother, placenta and the fetus and play an important role in transporting nutritional substrates by the placenta. The maternal IGF-Ⅰin the third trimester may promote fetal growth and placental functions.     

抚触对正常婴儿生长发育及智力发育的影响

目的;观察抚触对正常婴儿的生长,智力发育,睡眠,疾病的影响及不同月龄的抚触效果。方法：310例0－6岁正常婴儿随机分为抚触组（208名）和对照组（102名）,抚触组的婴儿接受抚触,每天2－3次,每次15－20min,持续3个月。定期监测智力,身高,体重,头围,胸围,睡眠,喂养,疾病情况。结果;在出生后3个月内开始抚触的婴儿,智能和运动发育指数及睡眠状况明显好于对照组;从0月开始抚触的婴儿,体重和胸围增长明显好于对照组。结论：抚触可促进婴儿生长及智能发育,并且起始月龄越早效果越好。抚触可改善婴儿睡眠。     

C-myc癌基因在正常人外周血淋巴细胞及肿瘤细胞株上的表达

目的探讨癌基因C-myc在正常人外周血淋巴细胞及肿瘤细胞株上的表达情况。方法分离正常人外周血淋巴细胞,采用异硫氰酸胍一步法提取正常人外周血淋巴细胞及肿瘤细胞株RNA,利用反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术,比较正常人与肿瘤细胞株C-myc mRNA表达程度。结果 HL-60细胞系C-myc RNA表达最强,GBC胃癌细胞株较正常人为高。结论 C-myc参与了正常、异常细胞生长的调节。     

雌激素对正常人肠系膜血管平滑肌细胞自发性瞬时外向电流的作用

目的 研究雌激素(estrogen,E)对正常人肠系膜血管平滑肌细胞自发性瞬时外向电流(spontaneous transientoutward currents,STOCs)的作用,探讨雌激素对该细胞上大电导钙激活钾通道(Large-ounductance Ca2 -activated potassiumchannels,BKCa)的作用机制.方法 用急性酶分离方法分离人肠系膜血管平滑肌细胞,采用全细胞穿孔膜片钳技术记录谊细胞上的自发性瞬时外向电流.结果 雌激素可浓度依赖性地激活正常人肠系膜血管平滑肌细胞上的STOCs,当雌激素浓度从0μM增加到10、70、200、300μM时,其幅度和频率都增加.其中幅度分别增加了(68.15±10.82)%(n=10,P<0.01)、(131.63±35.33)%(n=10,P<0.01)、(192.02±57.85)%(n=10,P<0.01)、(269.34±70.64)%(n=10.P<0.01);频率分别增加了(29.30±8.61)%(n=10,P<0.01)、(89.17±21.76)%(n=10,P<0.01)、(164.33±43.51)%(n=10,P<0.01)、(205.09±62.49)%(n=10,P<0.01).结论 雌激素可直接激活正常人肠系膜血管平滑肌细胞自发性瞬时外向电流,是通过增加其幅度和频率而激活的,为进一步探讨雌激素对大电导钙激活钾通道的作用机制提供了实验依据.     

血液恶性肿瘤的组蛋白去乙酰化及靶向去乙酰化酶抑制剂治疗进展

组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂(HDACIs)作为一种新型靶向药物,它通过调节染色质和某些非组蛋白的乙酰化状态,调控基因的转录,并发挥一系列生物学效应如诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡等.近期临床试验发现,HDACIs对某些类型肿瘤,尤其是血液恶性肿瘤有良好疗效.本文主要在血液恶性肿瘤的组蛋白去乙酰化及靶向去乙酰化酶抑制剂治疗进展方面进行介绍.     

吡啶斯的明试验对评价垂体hGH储备功能的价值

垂体hGH分泌受中枢神经介质调控。兴奋胆碱能系统可使hGH增加。本文试用胆碱酯酶抑制剂吡啶斯的明兴奋hGH,并与胰岛素兴奋试验进行比较,观察了13名正常青少年和10名垂体性侏儒症患者对两种兴奋试验的反应。结果显示口服吡啶斯的明2mg/kg体重能迅速有效地兴奋垂体hGH释放。其作用较胰岛素兴奋试验更强,是一项值得推荐的判定青少年垂体hGH储备功能的试验。     

组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂对乙型肝炎病毒复制的影响

目的：研究SIRT1抑制剂sirtinol、曲古抑菌素A（trichostatin A,TSA）对乙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis B virus,HBV）复制的影响,并探讨组蛋白去乙酰化酶（histone deacetylase,HDAC）在HBV复制过程中的作用。方法：运用MTS分析HepG2.2.15细胞对sirtinol、TSA的耐受程度;real-time PCR和Southern blot验证sirtinol和TSA对HepG2.2.15细胞中HBV复制中间体表达的影响;Western blot和ELISA分析sirtinol对HBV核心蛋白（HBc）和HBsAg、HBeAg表达的影响。结果：sirtinol能抑制HBV复制中间体、HBc的表达和HBsAg、HBeAg的分泌,TSA可以促进HBV的复制。结论：SIRT1抑制剂sirtinol具有抗病毒作用。     

IL-1β对小鼠垂体正常细胞和ACTH瘤细胞生长的影响

目的探讨垂体内自分泌、旁分泌因子IL1β是否参与垂体细胞和垂体瘤细胞的生长增殖过程.方法以体外原代培养的小鼠垂体正常细胞为对照,采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法观察10-9mol/L～10-13mol/LIL-1β对小鼠垂体ACTH瘤细胞(AtT20)生长增殖的影响.结果(1)IL1β刺激垂体原代培养细胞4～72h,不同浓度的IL-1β各组(n=9)与对照组(n=9)间的差异无显著性(P＞0.05),实验中培养细胞处于对数生长期状态.(2)IL-1S刺激AtT20细胞48、72h,IL-1β各浓度组(n=9)细胞生长分裂的增加与对照组(n=9)相比差异有显著性(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论IL-1β参与了AtT20细胞生长增殖的调节,提示IL-18可能是参与垂体ACTH瘤发病的因素之一.