急性冠脉综合征患者外周血MMP-9及CRP的变化及其临床意义

目的观察急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者外周血中基质金属蛋白酶-9（m atrix m etalloproteases-9,MMP-9）及C反应蛋白（CRP）的水平变化,探讨MMP-9、CRP与ACS发生的关系。方法选取ACS患者39例,采用双抗体夹心ELISA测定血清MMP-9的水平,CRP用免疫散射比浊法检测。结果ACS患者入院即刻血浆MMP-9、CRP水平均显著高于对照组[（66±16）vs（24±11）μg/L,P<0.01;（12.3±9.2）vs（3.5±2.0）mg/L,P<0.01]。ACS组内UA亚组与AM I亚组比较,MMP-9水平显著增高[（78±11）vs（50±14）μg/L,P<0.01],而CRP水平显著下降[（7.2±2.2）vs（18.7±10.7）mg/L,P<0.01]。ACS组患者中MMP-9和CRP水平无明显相关性。结论冠心病患者外周血MMP-9、CRP水平升高。ACS患者中MMP-9和CRP水平无明显相关性。     

急性冠脉综合征预后与其支架术前CRP、Fib、D-二聚体水平的关系

目的:探讨急性冠脉综合征(ACS)预后与其支架术前C反应蛋白(CRP)、纤维蛋白原(Fib)、D-二聚体水平的关系。方法:分别选择110例健康体检者(健康对照组)和110例接受冠脉支架术治疗的ACS患者(ACS组),测定两组患者CRP、Fib和D-二聚体的水平。6个月后对ACS组患者进行心血管事件评定,根据是否发生心血管事件分为事件组(35例)和非事件组两组(75例)。结果:与健康对照组比较,ACS组患者CRP[(2.02±1.17)mg/L比(11.15±3.12)mg/L]、Fib[(2.65±1.07)g/L比(4.03±1.19)g/L]、D-二聚体[(193.97±18.13)μg/L比(632.15±21.72)μg/L]的水平明显升高(P<0.05);与非事件组患者比较,事件组CRP[(9.69±3.14)mg/L比(14.28±3.32)mg/L]、Fib[(3.88±1.09)g/L比(4.36±1.23)g/L]、D-二聚体[(509.13±21.57)μg/L比(895.77±25.03)μg/L]的水平明显升高(P<0.05),直线相关分析显示,事件组患者CRP与Fib(r=0.41,P<0.05)、D-二聚体(r=0.54,P<0.01)水平呈正相关,Fib与D-二聚体亦呈正相关(r=0.39,P<0.05)。结论:急性冠脉综合征患者C反应蛋白、纤维蛋白原和D-二聚体的水平较健康体检者升高,急性冠脉综合征支架术前C反应蛋白、纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体水平越高,其预后越差。     

急性冠脉综合征的炎性介质水平及氟伐他汀的干预作用

探讨氟伐他汀对冠心病患者血浆白细胞介素-6（IL-6）及单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）的影响。方法：采用酶联免疫吸附实验（ELISA）检测70例急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者服用氟伐他汀前后血浆IL-6及MCP-1水平。同时选择40例冠脉造影正常者作为正常对照组。结果：治疗前,ACS组血浆IL-6[（24.13±6.24）ng/ml]、MCP-1[（18.95±4.53）pg/L]水平显著高于正常对照组的（18.97±5.67）ng/ml和（14.35±4.28）pg/L,P均〈0.01;服用氟伐他汀4周后,ACS组血浆IL-6（19.56±5.87）ng/ml及MCP-1（14.85±4.38）pg/L水平明显下降（P均〈0.01）。结论：急性冠脉综合征患者血浆白细胞介素-6及单核细胞趋化蛋白-1水平显著升高,提示冠脉综合征与炎症反应有关。氟伐他汀可显著降低急性冠脉综合征患者的炎症反应。     

急性冠脉综合征早期辛伐他汀治疗对血脂和炎症反应标记物的影响

目的　观察急性冠脉综合征 (ACS)早期辛伐他汀治疗对血脂和炎症反应标记物的影响及差异 ,探讨他汀类药物在ACS早期治疗中的作用。　方法　ACS住院患者 12 3例 ,入院后测定血浆甘油三酯 (TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)、白细胞介素 6 (IL 6 )和C反应蛋白 (CRP)水平 ,然后随机分为辛伐他汀治疗组和非辛伐他汀治疗组。出院时重复测定上述指标。同期测定 15例慢性稳定性心绞痛 (CAP)患者和 15名健康者作对照比较。　结果　 1 ACS患者血浆TC、LDL C、IL 6、CRP显著高于健康者 (P <0 0 1) ,血浆LDL C、IL 6显著高于CAP患者 (P <0 0 1)。 2 出院与入院时比较 ,辛伐他汀组和非辛伐他汀组血浆IL 6、CRP显著降低 (P <0 0 1) ,出院时辛伐他汀组血浆IL 6、CRP也显著低于非辛伐他汀组 (P <0 0 1)。 3 据入院时血浆IL 6、CRP水平 ,把ACS患者分别分为IL 6、CRP高值组和低值组 ,出院与入院时比较 ,高值组和低值组血浆IL 6、CRP均显著降低 (P<0 0 1,P<0 0 1) ,但只有高值组 ,出院时辛伐他汀治疗者血浆IL 6、CRP显著低于非辛伐他汀治疗者 (P <0 0 1,P <0 0 5 )。　结论　ACS患者早期辛伐他汀治疗有明显抗炎症作用。     

血脂正常的急性冠状动脉综合征患者早期辛伐他汀干预的临床研究

目的：探讨早期应用辛伐他汀对血脂正常急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）患者血浆脑钠肽（BNP）、高敏C反应蛋白（hsCRP）及预后的影响。方法：68例血脂正常ACS患者被随机分为常规治疗组（34例,仅常规治疗）、辛伐他汀组（34例,常规治疗基础上加用辛伐他汀20mg/d）,疗程6个月。于治疗前、后8周检测血浆BNP、hsCRP水平。所有患者每3个月随访一次,平均随访观察6个月,以住院或观察期间的心血管事件为终点。结果：与治疗前比较,治疗后两组血浆BNP[常规治疗组：（375.15±115.86）pg/ml比（145.65±70.12）pg/ml,辛伐他汀组：（376.38±116.15）pg/ml比（96.57±45.26）pg/ml]、hsCRP[常规治疗组：（30.21±2.76）mg/L比（5.20±1.75）mg/L,辛伐他汀组：（30.16±2.73）mg/L比（4.16±1.12）mg/L]水平均有明显下降（P〈0.01）,且辛伐他汀组较常规治疗组指标下降更为显著（P〈0.01）;心血管事件发生率辛伐他汀组明显低于常规治疗组（11.7%比29.4%,P〈0.01）。结论：血脂正常的急性冠状动脉综合征患者,早期应用辛伐他汀干预可以显著降低血浆脑钠肽、高敏C反应蛋白水平,减轻炎症反应,稳定动脉粥样硬化斑块,减少心血管事件发生。     

在急性冠脉综合征测定肾上腺髓质素和超敏C反应蛋白的意义

目的：探讨在急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者测定肾上腺髓质素（ADM）和超敏 C-反应蛋白（hsCRP）的意义。方法：选择51例经冠脉造影排除冠心病的住院患者（非冠心病组）和124例经冠脉造影确诊为 ACS的患者（ACS组）。测定非冠心病组冠脉造影前后及 ACS组冠脉介入治疗前后 ADM和 hsCRP 的浓度,并进行统计学比较。结果：在造影/介入治疗前,与非冠心病组比较,ACS组 ADM [（28.7±1.6）pg/ml比（36.7±2.5）pg/ml]和 hsCRP [（4.74±3.21）mg/L比（27.65±11.76）mg/L]水平明显升高（P＜0.05或＜0.01）。与冠脉介入前比较,ACS组在冠脉介入后 ADM [（36.7±2.5）pg/ml比（47.1±5.3）pg/ml]和 hsCRP [（27.65±11.76）mg/L比（39.53±4.83）mg/L]水平显著上升（P均＜0.01）,且显著高于非冠心病组（P＜0.05-＜0.01）。非冠心病组在冠脉造影前后 ADM和 hsCRP水平无统计学差异（P均＞0.05）。结论：测定肾上腺髓质素联合超敏 C-反应蛋白水平有助于急性冠脉综合征早期诊断及其病变严重程度判断。     

丹红注射液对急性冠脉综合征患者血浆纤维蛋白原及C反应蛋白的影响

目的 探讨丹红注射液对急性冠脉综合征（ACS） 患者纤维蛋白原（FIB）及C反应蛋白（CRP）的影响.方法 140例ACS患者随机分为对照组和治疗组.治疗组在常规治疗基础上加用丹红注射液,观察治疗前、后患者血浆FIB及CRP水平的变化.结果 丹红注射液治疗2周后,FIB及CRP水平明显下降,分别为（3.96±0.34）g/L比（3.24±0.68）g/L（P＜0.05）及（10.75±0.67）mg/L比（9.15±0.32）mg/L（P＜0.05）.结论 常规治疗基础上加用丹红注射液,能进一步降低FIB及CRP水平,可能减少ACS患者住院期间发生心血管事件的风险,提高临床疗效.     

早期辛伐他汀治疗对急性冠状动脉综合征患者血脂和炎症反应标志物的影响

目的　观察急性冠状动脉综合征 ( ACS)早期辛伐他汀治疗对血脂和炎症反应标志物的影响及差异 ,探讨他汀类药物在 ACS早期治疗中的作用。方法　 ACS住院患者 12 3例 ,入院后测定血浆三酰甘油 ( TG)、总胆固醇 ( TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 ( L DL -C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 ( HDL -C)、白细胞介素 -6( IL -6)和 C反应蛋白 ( CRP)水平 ,然后随机分为辛伐他汀治疗组和非辛伐他汀治疗组。出院时重复测定上述指标。同期测定 15例慢性稳定型心绞痛 ( SAP)患者和 15例健康者相同指标用于比较。结果　 ( 1)ACS患者血浆 TC、L DL-C、IL -6、CRP显著高于健康者 ( P<0 .0 1) ,血浆 L DL-C、IL -6显著高于 SAP患者 ( P<0 .0 1)。 ( 2 )出院与入院时比较 ,辛伐他汀组和非辛伐他汀组血浆 IL-6、CRP显著降低 ( P<0 .0 1) ,但出院时辛伐他汀组血浆 IL-6、CRP显著低于非辛伐他汀组 ( P<0 .0 1)。 ( 3 )据入院时血浆 IL-6、CRP水平 ,把 ACS患者分别分为 IL-6、CRP高值组和低值组 ,出院与入院时比较 ,高值组和低值组血浆 IL-6、CRP均显著降低 ( P<0 .0 1,P<0 .0 1) ,但只有高值组 ,出院时辛伐他汀治疗者血浆 IL-6、CRP显著低于非辛伐他汀治疗者 ( P<0 .0 1,P<0 .0 5 )。结论　 ACS患者早期辛伐他汀治疗有明显抗炎症作用。     

急性冠脉综合征患者炎症反应、他汀治疗和脑卒中危险的关系:阿托伐他汀治疗急性冠脉综合征的一个随机对照试验

急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者易发生脑卒中。在阿托伐他汀治疗急性冠脉综合征的一个随机对照试验（MIRACL）中，测定炎症反应指标，探讨炎症反应与脑卒中的相关性。测定2926例ACS患者的基础C反应蛋白（CRP），血清淀粉样A蛋白（SAA）和白介素6（IL-6）水平。发现基础炎症反应指标与16周后卒中危险高度相关。     

急性冠脉综合征患者血浆IL-6、MMP水平及瑞舒伐他汀的干预作用

目的 探讨急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者体内血浆白细胞介素-6（IL-6）及基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）的变化以及瑞舒伐他汀对二者的干预作用.方法 纳入2011年3月～2011年11月邯郸市第一医院行冠脉造影确诊ACS患者55例（ACS组）,同期纳入胸痛行冠脉造影但结果正常者30例（对照组）,采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测所有受试者IL-6和MMP-9水平,比较两组差异;ACS组患者口服瑞舒伐他汀（10mg/d）4周后再次检测IL-6和MMP-9血浆水平,比较治疗前、后的差异.结果 与对照组相比,ACS组IL-6和MMP-9水平均较高[分别为：（23.76±5.78）ng/ml vs.（17.56±5.34）ng/ml和（19.87±5.68）mg/L vs.（16.59±5.13）mg/L],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）,ACS组患者服用瑞舒伐他汀4周后血浆IL-6和MMP-9水平明显下降（P＜0.05）.结论 炎症反应可能参与ACS的发病过程,瑞舒伐他汀具有抑制炎症反应的作用.     

Risk of thrombosis with lenalidomide and its prevention with aspirin

Lenalidomide, an analog of thalidomide, is an effective new treatment for multiple myeloma. Both compounds are associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism, particularly when used in combination with high-dose dexamethasone. As new trials with lenalidomide are being planned and performed, investigators are placing high importance on reducing the risk of thrombosis by incorporating an antithrombotic agent into the therapeutic regimen. Low-molecular-weight heparin, warfarin, and aspirin have all been suggested as candidate drugs for thromboprophylaxis, but none of these agents have been evaluated in randomized clinical trials. A body of opinion has evolved that aspirin is very effective in preventing venous thrombosis in myeloma patients treated with lenalidomide. If correct, this view has important implications, because aspirin is inexpensive and is safer and more convenient than anticoagulants. On the other hand, aspirin is less effective than anticoagulants for preventing venous thrombosis in other high-risk groups, and therefore might not be the most appropriate choice for preventing of venous thrombosis in myeloma patients. This commentary examines the strength of the evidence supporting the effectiveness of aspirin in preventing venous thrombosis in multiple myeloma patients treated with lenalidomide. It is concluded that the evidence that aspirin is efficacious in preventing venous thrombosis in myeloma patients is based on "before/after" and retrospective studies, with potential for bias and confounders. There is, therefore, a critical need to incorporate a randomized comparison of aspirin with an anticoagulant in future trials evaluating lenalidomide in multiple myeloma.     

Experience with the treatment of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with obsidan and isoptin

Forty-five patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were examined clinically and echocardiographically. The results of their treatment with obsidan and isoptin in relation to various types of central hemodynamic disorders are presented. The data have been obtained making it possible to treat patients differentially with regard to the form of the disease. The treatment of this category of patients requires the echocardiographic monitoring of the parameters of the central hemodynamics and myocardial contractility.     

十二指肠乳头旁憩室与胆胰疾病的关系及对内镜诊疗的影响

目的 探讨十二指肠乳头旁憩室（JPDD）与胆胰疾病发生的关联性及JPDD对ERCP诊疗的影响。方法 2012年1月至2017年1月,中国医科大学附属盛京医院普通外科1 230例行ERCP诊疗病例纳入回顾性分析,首先按是否存在JPDD分成JPDD组（n=360）和非JPDD组（n=870）,然后再将JPDD组病例按是否为憩室内乳头分成憩室内乳头组（n=41）和非憩室内乳头组（n=319）,JPDD组与非JPDD组间、憩室内乳头组与非憩室内乳头组间胆胰疾病发生率、ERCP插管成功率、取石成功率、术后并发症发生率等数据比较采用χ2检验或Fisher确切概率法,P＜0.05为差异具有统计学意义。结果 胆总管结石、原发性胆总管结石、复发性胆总管结石发生率JPDD组分别为87.78%（316/360）、31.11%（112/360）、6.67%（24/360）,非JPDD组分别为75.52%（657/870）、19.08%（166/870）、4.02%（35/870）,2组间比较差异均有统计学意义（χ2=23.158,P＜0.001;χ2=21.068,P＜0.001;χ2=3.897,P=0.048）;ERCP插管、一次性取石成功率,术后出血、胰腺炎、高淀粉酶血症发生率,2组间比较差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）。复发性胆总管结石发生率憩室内乳头组为14.63%（6/41）,非憩室内乳头组为5.64%（18/319）,2组间比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.721,P=0.030）;胆总管结石、原发性胆总管结石发生率,ERCP插管、一次性取石成功率,术后出血、胰腺炎、高淀粉酶血症发生率,2组间比较差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）。结论 JPDD与原发性胆总管结石的发生相关,JPDD患者ERCP治疗后更易复发胆总管结石,且憩室内乳头患者更为明显。     

Women with gout: efficacy and safety of urate-lowering with febuxostat and allopurinol

Objective

To compare the characteristics of female versus male gout patients and assess urate‐lowering efficacy and safety of febuxostat or allopurinol treatment in women with gout.

Methods

This was a retrospective analysis of 4,101 hyperuricemic (serum urate [sUA] level ≥8.0 mg/dl) gout subjects enrolled in 3 phase III comparative trials and randomized to receive placebo, febuxostat (40 mg, 80 mg, 120 mg, or 240 mg daily), or allopurinol (100 mg, 200 mg, or 300 mg daily, based on renal function). Baseline demographics and characteristics were summarized and compared between female and male subjects. Urate‐lowering efficacy, which was defined as the proportion of subjects with sUA levels <6.0 mg/dl at final visit, was assessed for all subjects and, among women, according to baseline renal function.

Results

Female gout subjects (n = 226) were older with significantly higher rates of obesity and metabolic and cardiovascular comorbidities than their male counterparts. The percentage of female subjects with sUA levels <6.0 mg/dl at final visit was 0% in the placebo group, 54.3%, 85.1%, 81.0%, and 100.0% in the febuxostat 40 mg, 80 mg, 120 mg, and 240 mg groups, respectively, and 45.9% in the allopurinol group. Similar patterns of urate‐lowering efficacy rates were observed when stratified by renal function. Among all the female subjects, febuxostat 80 mg was significantly more efficacious than allopurinol (P < 0.001). Rates of adverse events (AEs) were low. The most frequently reported AEs were upper respiratory tract infections, musculoskeletal/connective tissue disorders, and diarrhea.

Conclusion

These data suggest that febuxostat 80 mg may be more efficacious than commonly prescribed doses of allopurinol in female gout subjects with high rates of comorbidities.     

Treatment of metastatic renal cancer with ifosfamide and mesnum with and without irradiation

Ifosfamide (50-60 mg/kg of body weight, Days 1-5) and mesnum (10-12 mg/kg of body weight, Days 1-5) were given to 15 patients with measurable metastatic renal cancer. This treatment was repeated on Day 29. In addition, six of these 15 patients received irradiation to some of the metastatic areas. There was one partial remission among 11 evaluable patients after two ifosfamide courses. The partial remission was seen in a metastatic area treated with low-dose irradiation prior to the first ifosfamide course. Two cases of early death and two cases of toxic death (urotoxicity) were observed. The main hematologic complication was moderate to severe leukopenia. Previously reported high response rates to ifosfamide treatment of renal cancer could not be confirmed.     

Treatment of strongyloidiasis with mebendazole and its combination with thiabendazole

Although Strongyloides stercoralis (S. stercoralis) infection rate in Okinawa Prefecture was less than 2% by the traditional method, it has been proven to be 6.2% by the new technique--agar plate method. Thiabendazole has strong activity to eradicate the organism, but it is well known that the rate of severe side effects is extremely high. Therefore, we attempted to evaluate the new treatment for the infection by mebendazole and its combination with thiabendazole. The reason for use of the drug is based on the reports of successful treatment of S. stercoralis infection in humans with the mild and infrequent side effects produced by the drug. Thirty three patients were orally given mebendazole 100 mg twice daily for 28 days. Twenty six patients were given thiabendazole 500 mg thrice daily for 5 days and after that, mebendazole 100 mg twice daily for 9 days. This combination therapy was repeated twice. The following results were obtained: 1) Out of a total of 59 patients, the cure rate was 83.3% (20/24) in single use of mebendazole and 100.0% (22/22) in the combination therapy. 2) Constipation (9.1%) and headache (9.1%) were of relatively high incidence in the mebendazole group, but they were mild. Nausea (19.2%) and headache (15.4%) were observed in the combination therapy group and the drug was discontinued in 2 patients. 3) The incidence of the elevation of S-GOT, S-GPT was noted in 71.4% (20/28) for the mebendazole group and 52.2% (12/23) for combination therapy group. All 13 patients of the mebendazole group were negative in lymphocyte stimulation test for mebendazole.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)