椎基底动脉短暂缺血性眩晕发病时间与高刺激率听性脑干…

本研究采用高刺激率ＡＢＲ测试６７例不同发病时间的椎基底动脉短暂缺血性眩晕病人以ＡＢＲ５１－１１次／ｓ各波潜伏期与波间期差作为分析参数来探讨ＶＢＴＩＶ发病后不同时间与高刺激率ＡＢＲ波潜伏期的相关性。结果显示；ＶＢＴＩＶ发病后不同时间与高刺激率ＡＢＲ５１－１１次ｓ／Ｖ波，Ⅰ－Ⅴ间期，Ⅲ－Ⅴ间期呈显著性负相关，其测试时间越早，脑缺血程度越重，波潜伏期延长越明显，证实高刺激率ＡＢＲ测试可用于ＶＢＴＩＶ的动     

高刺激率ABR测试对椎基底动脉短暂缺血发作性眩晕的研究

本研究采用本室所建立的高刺激率（５１次／秒）ＡＢＲ测试论断椎基底动脉短暂缺血发作性眩晕（ＶＢＴＩＶ）的方法，分别测试３１例ＶＢＴＩＶ病人及３１例年龄及性别匹配的正常中老年人，以探讨年龄及性别对测试结果是否有影响。结果显示：ＶＢＴＩＶ组高刺激率ＡＢＲ测试各波潜伏期及波间期比其性别及年龄匹配的正常中老年组明显延长（Ｐ＜０．０１），异常率明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）；正常中老年组的高刺激率ＡＢＲ异常率与本室     

高刺激率听性脑干反应诊断椎基底动脉短暂缺血性眩晕──最佳测试时间研究

本研究对６７例椎基底动脉短暂缺血性眩晕（ＶＢＴＩＶ）患者按不同发病时间分组（１～７、８～１５、＞１５天）行高刺激率（５１次／秒）听性脑干反应（ＡＢＲ）测试。结果显示：ＶＢＴＩＶ发病后１～７天组的高刺激率ＡＢＲ波潜伏期及波间期比８～１５天组及＞１５天组明显延长，差异有高度显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）；且异常率亦明显增高，１～７、８～１５、＞１５天组异常率分别为８８．４６％、７６．１９％及２５．００％，差异有高度显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）．本研究表明：ＶＢＴＩＶ末次发作后１～７天为高刺激率ＡＢＲ测试的最佳时间，在此期间测试有效高的异常率，可为ＶＢＴＩＶ的早期诊断提供更多的客观依据。     

高刺激率ABR对金纳多治疗椎基底动脉短暂缺血性眩晕的疗效评估

目的寻找治疗椎－基底动脉短暂缺血性眩晕（Ｖｅｒｔｅｂｒｏｂａｓｉｌａｒ ｔｒａｎｓｉｅｎｔ ｉｓｃｈｅｍｉｃ ｖｅｒｔｉｇｏ,ＶＢＴＩＶ）的有效药物,为金纳多（ＧＩＮＡＴＯＮ）治疗ＶＢＴＩＶ的临床应用提供客观依据。方法给３３例临床诊断ＶＢＴＩＶ的患者静脉滴注金纳多１０天,每天１０５ｍｇ,治疗前与治疗后（静脉滴注金纳多１０天）同一患者分别行高刺激率ＡＢＲ测试,且为客观对照,在治疗前后分别行扭颈下脑血流图及经颅多普勒（ＴＣＤ）检查。结果ＶＢＴＩＶ患者经用金纳多静脉滴注治疗１０天后高刺激率ＡＢＲ测试５１～１１次／秒Ｖ波潜伏期及Ⅰ～Ⅲ间期、Ⅲ～Ⅴ间期、Ⅰ～Ⅴ间期明显缩短,异常出现率明显减少;治疗后扭颈下脑血流图的阳性率与治疗前相比由４６％降至１２％,ＴＣＤ检测椎基底动脉系统其血流速度等参数在治疗后有不同程度改善。结论高刺激率ＡＢＲ可作为金纳多治疗ＶＢＴＩＶ疗效评估的一个客观指标,金纳多可有效改善ＶＢＴＩＶ患者的内耳微循环,是治疗ＶＢＴＩＶ的有效药物,值得临床推广应用。     

椎基底动脉短暂缺血性眩晕的听性脑干反应与经颅多普勒检查

为了解椎基底动脉短暂缺血性眩晕（ｖｅｒｔｅｂｒｏｂａｓｉｌａｒｔｒａｎｓｉｅｎｔｉｓｃｈｅｍｉｃｖｅｒｔｉｇｏ，ＶＢＴＩＶ）患者ＡＢＲ与经颅多普勒（ＴＣＤ）的相关性，对２４例（４８耳）临床诊断ＶＢＴＩＶ患者及１２例（２４耳）其他眩晕患者进行了检测。结果发现：ＶＢＴＩＶ组ＡＢＲ异常率为５８．３％，ＴＣＤ异常率为５４．２％，χ２检验差异无显著性意义；其他眩晕组ＡＢＲ异常率为８．３％，ＴＣＤ异常率为４５．８％，χ２检验差异有显著性意义。ＶＢＴＩＶ组ＡＢＲ及ＴＣＤ皆为异常者为１９／４８，皆为正常者为１３／４８，两者占６６．７％；其他眩晕组两者皆异常者为０，皆正常者为１１／２４，占４５．８％。根据临床征象，结合高刺激率ＡＢＲ及ＴＣＤ的测试结果可能提高对ＶＢＴＩＶ的诊断价值，而单独的ＴＣＤ结果不足以作为诊断依据。     

小于胎龄儿听性脑干反应的研究

对２６例（５１耳）小于胎龄儿听性脑干反应（ＡＢＲ）的阈值、各波潜伏期及波间期等项参数进行测试。并以１０５例（１９９耳）正常新生儿和４４例（８８耳）窒息新生儿作对照。结果显示：小于胎龄儿ＡＢＲ的阈值提高者较正常新生儿组高（Ｐ＜０．００５）；且波Ｉ、ＩＩ潜伏期延长明显（Ｐ＜０．００１），波Ｖ潜伏期亦延长（Ｐ＜０．０５）。     

高刺激率听性脑干反应诊断椎基底动脉短暂缺血性眩晕的临床应用

应用高刺激率ＡＢＲ对椎基底动脉短暂缺血性眩晕病例进行测试，其中：①不同发病时间组５１例；②同一患者发作期和缓解期动态观察组２７例；③发作期组２５例缓解期组２９例。测试结果表明：①不同发病时间组波Ｖ潜伏期及波Ｉ－Ｖ间期异常率以１～７天者最高，随着发病时间的加长而减小；②同一病人波Ｖ潜伏期及波Ｉ－Ｖ间期发作期明显长于缓解期；③发作期组波Ｖ潜伏期及波Ｉ－Ｖ间期也明显长于缓解期组。说明本测试法不仅可敏感地发现椎基底动脉系缺血所致的损害，且可观察缺血状态的动态变化，脑干缺血程度与发病时间有相关性，是一种可靠而敏感的测试方法。     

以突发性聋为首发症状的脑梗塞一例

患者,男,６５岁。右耳听力下降４天,伴高音调耳鸣,头痛,１９９９年１１月以突发性聋入院。检查：纯音测听,右耳中重度感音神经性聋,左耳老年聋（附表）。 声导抗测定镫骨肌反射双耳同侧及对侧的反射阈正常,但右耳的感觉级＜６０ｄＢ。听性脑干反应测试（ＡＢＲ）的各波潜伏期,右耳 Ⅰ波１．４０ ｍｓ,Ⅲ波３．４２ ｍｓ,Ⅴ波５．５０ ｍｓ,波间期Ⅰ－Ⅲ２．０３ｍｓ,Ⅲ～Ⅴ２．０８ｍｓ,Ⅰ－Ⅴ４．１０ｍｓ;左耳Ⅰ波１．６０ ｍｓ,Ⅲ波３．６０ ｍｓ,Ⅴ波５．７５ ｍｓ,波间期 Ⅰ－Ⅲ２．０ ｍｓ,Ⅲ～Ⅴ２．１５ ｍｓ,…     

听觉诱发电位对椎基底动脉短暂缺血性眩晕的诊断及疗效评估

目的探讨高刺激率51次／s听觉诱发电位测试诊断椎基底动脉短暂缺血性眩晕（VBTIV）及进行疗效评估的临床意义。方法正常成年人组50例，排除高血压病、脑动脉硬化等系统疾病，纯音测听、声导抗测试均正常；患者组50例，排除听神经瘤、小脑桥脑角肿瘤等蜗后病变及良性阵发性位置性眩晕。用丹麦Madsen公司2260型脑干诱发电位（ABR）系统测试。给予交替短声刺激，感觉级75dBSL，最大输出为130dBpeSPL。分别给予11、21、51、71次／s的ABR测试，左、右耳分别检测。患者组在应用凯时治疗两周后，再用同样方法复查ABR。结果采用高刺激率51次／sABR与11次／sABR的波潜伏期及波间期的差值作为分析参数．患者的各波潜伏期及波间期均较正常人延长，具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。应用高刺激率51次／sABR测试，在波潜伏期、波间期以及波形异常的检出率上比11次／sABR高。患者经治疗缓解后其波Ⅲ、Ⅴ潜伏期和Ⅰ-Ⅲ、Ⅲ-Ⅴ、Ⅰ～Ⅴ波间期比发作期明显缩短（P〈0．05）。结论与常规低刺激率ABR相比．高刺激率ABR更有助于VBTIV的诊断，还可以监测VBTIV的预后，评价治疗效果，是VBTIV的客观而敏感的辅助诊断方法。     

听觉脑干诱发反应时域和频域参量的相关性研究

本研究采用数字滤波分析（ＤＦＡ）和快速傅里叶变换（ＦＦＴ）,观测了１５例（２０耳）听力正常人ＡＢＲ时域和频域参量的相关性：①当高频不断滤除时,Ⅳ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ波先后消失,至４００Ｈｚ时以Ⅰ、Ⅴ波为主;②ＡＢＲ频谱有三个主峰,中心频率分别为２２７±２４Ｈｚ（Ｆ１）,５７５±２３Ｈｚ（Ｆ２）和１０１４±５４Ｈｚ（Ｆ３）,对应的周期为４．６７±０．７４ｍｓ,１．７０±０．０６ｍｓ和０．９７±０．０５ｍｓ;③ＡＢＲ的Ⅰ－Ⅴ波间期为４．００±０．１０ｍｓ,Ⅰ－Ⅲ、Ⅲ－Ⅴ波间期均值为２．００±０．０５ｍｓ,Ⅰ－Ⅱ、Ⅱ－Ⅲ、Ⅲ－Ⅳ和Ⅳ－Ⅴ波间期均值为１．００±０．０３ｍｓ,对应的频率依次为２５０±７Ｈｚ,５００±１３Ｈｚ和１００１±２６Ｈｚ。     

Comparative study on the morphology and the composition of the otoliths in the teleosts

Conclusion. Saccular otoliths of teleosts were mostly larger than utricular otoliths, which might relate to the three-dimensional movement. The large and heavy otolith may be better suited in saccules of the bottom and reef fishes. The quantities of iron in lagenar otoliths were found to be lower than those of birds. The function of the fish lagena remains to be elucidated by further studies. Objective. To evaluate the morphological characteristics and the chemical composition of the otoliths in fishes as related to behaviour and habitat. Materials and methods. We studied the morphology of the otoliths of 18 genera of fishes (81 samples) divided into 3 groups: saltwater fish (13 genera), freshwater fish except for the carp family (3 genera) and carp family fish (2 genera). The otoliths and the living environments were compared. The chemical composition was analysed using a synchrotron X-ray fluorescence analyser. Results. Bottom fishes generally have larger saccular otoliths, and migrating fishes have smaller saccular otoliths. In comparing the bottom/reef fishes and the migrating fishes in salt water, the former tended to have larger saccular otoliths. In saltwater bottom fishes the tendency was found that the thinner the head, the larger was the saccular otolith. We found significant quantities of iron, zinc and manganese in the lagenar otoliths.     

Comparative study on the morphology and the composition of the otoliths in the teleosts

CONCLUSION: Saccular otoliths of teleosts were mostly larger than utricular otoliths, which might relate to the three-dimensional movement. The large and heavy otolith may be better suited in saccules of the bottom and reef fishes. The quantities of iron in lagenar otoliths were found to be lower than those of birds. The function of the fish lagena remains to be elucidated by further studies. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the morphological characteristics and the chemical composition of the otoliths in fishes as related to behaviour and habitat. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied the morphology of the otoliths of 18 genera of fishes (81 samples) divided into 3 groups: saltwater fish (13 genera), freshwater fish except for the carp family (3 genera) and carp family fish (2 genera). The otoliths and the living environments were compared. The chemical composition was analysed using a synchrotron X-ray fluorescence analyser. RESULTS: Bottom fishes generally have larger saccular otoliths, and migrating fishes have smaller saccular otoliths. In comparing the bottom/reef fishes and the migrating fishes in salt water, the former tended to have larger saccular otoliths. In saltwater bottom fishes the tendency was found that the thinner the head, the larger was the saccular otolith. We found significant quantities of iron, zinc and manganese in the lagenar otoliths.