α-受体阻滞剂治疗前列腺增生不良反应分析

目的 探讨(α-受体阻滞剂治疗前列腺增生不良反应.方法 使用盐酸特拉唑嗪治疗161例患者,睡前口服1mg/d,2d后2mg/d,长期服用.盐酸坦索罗辛治疗165例患者,睡前口服0.2mg/d,长期口服.记录 326例前列腺增生患者用药后不良反应.结果 发生药物不良反应共34例,其中盐酸坦索罗辛13例,盐酸特拉唑嗪21例,口服药物3d内发生不良反应仅有特拉唑嗪19例.结论 α-受体阻滞剂治疗前列腺增生症的不良反应,盐酸特拉唑嗪高于盐酸坦索罗辛(P＜0.01).老年人对降压药物的耐受性差,压力感受器反应障碍,故易产生体位性低血压.所以给予盐酸特拉唑嗪时,应从1mg用起,嘱睡前服用,还应告之可能出现的不良反应.如出现不良反应,应立即调整用药方案.     

盐酸特拉唑嗪治疗良性前列腺增生症的临床观察报告

盐酸特拉唑嗪为一种α1-肾上腺能受体阻滞剂。有人已证明 ,前列腺内α受体主要为α1受体。因而 ,应用α1受体阻滞剂可使前列腺增生症的症状得到改善。 1998年 10月～ 1999年2月通过选用国产盐酸特拉唑嗪 (天津第五制药厂 )治疗前列腺增生症 2 0例 ,并以美国雅培制药公司生产的高特灵 (Ｈｙｔｒｉｎ)为对照组 ,对国产盐酸特拉唑嗪治疗前列腺增生症的临床效果和不良反应进行临床验证 ,其结果如下。1　材料与方法本组共 40例良性前列腺增生患者 ,采用随机配对分为治疗组和对照组 ,患者就诊序号为偶数者为治疗组计 2 0例 ,就诊序号为奇数者为对…     

目前和未来良性前列腺增生的药物治疗

治疗良性前列腺增生的药物有5α-还原酶抑制剂非那雄胺和α1-肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂.非选择性α1-肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂原作为抗高血压药,主要副作用为低血压,可用降低峰浓度如使用每天一次的阿夫唑嗪或用尿道选择性a1-肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂坦洛新来减轻.一般不用雄激素受体拮抗剂,因其副作用较大.正在开发的较新药物有选择性a1A-肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂、5α-还原酸加α1-肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂和Ⅰ,Ⅱ混合型5α-还原酶抑制剂.治疗良性前列腺增生的新靶标有内皮素、生长因子、雌激素和磷酸二酯酶同工酶.     

特拉唑嗪联合泽桂癃爽治疗良性前列腺增生的疗效观察

目的:探讨α1-受体阻滞剂特拉唑嗪联合中成药泽桂癃爽治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)的有效性及安全性。方法:51例诊断为BPH的患者予特拉唑嗪联合泽桂癃爽治疗8周后进行疗效评估,同时以30例单独服用特拉唑嗪的BPH患者作对照。结果:特拉唑嗪联合泽桂癃爽治疗8周后,患者最大尿流率和国际前列腺症状评分改善率分别为76%和42%,较单独使用特拉唑嗪组(最大尿流率和国际前列腺症状评分改善率分别为32%和18%)增高(P<0.01)。结论:特拉唑嗪联合中成药泽桂癃爽治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)是一种安全、有效的方法,值得推广。     

HPLC测定盐酸特拉唑嗪片中盐酸特拉唑嗪的含量

盐酸特拉唑嗪为α1-受体阻断剂,可松弛血管和前列腺平滑肌,该药不引起反射性心动过速,不良反应较小.临床用于治疗高血压和良性前列腺增生引起的排尿困难.其片剂盐酸特拉唑嗪片含量测定现标准为此外分光光度法(UV),与UV相比,高效液色相谱法有检测限低,选择性好,可有效排除辅料对含量测定的影响等优点,内标法还可以消除进样等操作带来的误差.本实验采用高效液相色谱内标法测定盐酸特拉唑嗪片中盐酸特拉唑嗪的含量,结果表明,该法准确、可靠,适合盐酸阿夫唑嗪片的含量控制.……     

盐酸特拉唑嗪治疗良性前列腺增生症20例临床观察

盐酸特拉唑嗪为一种α1-肾上腺能受体阻滞剂。业已证明 ,前列腺内 α-受体主要为 α1-受体。因而 ,应用 α1-受体阻滞剂可使前列腺增生症的症状得到改善。1 998年 1 0月～ 1 999年 2月 ,笔者采用国产盐酸特拉唑嗪治疗前列腺增生症 2 0例 ,并以进口药高特灵为对照 ,对其临床效果进行验证 ,现报告如下。资料与方法40例良性前列腺增生症患者 ,采用随机配对分为 组和 组 ,各 2 0例。 组年龄为 ( 68.8± 4.8)岁 , 组为 ( 67.9± 4.9)岁 ,两组比较 P>0 .0 5。治疗前两组的国际前列腺症状评分 ( IPSS评分 )、最大尿流率、残余尿量比较均无明显…     

良性前列腺增生的治疗药物

良性前列腺增生(BPH)是男性的常见疾病,治疗以药物为主,主要为α-受体阻断剂、5-α还原酶抑制剂、激素类药物及相关酶抑制剂、联合用药和植物提取物。目前植物提取物成为了一个治疗BPH的新方向,主要药理作用有:抗雄激素作用、类雌激素作用、抗炎作用、5-α还原酶抑制剂作用、α-受体阻滞剂作用等。     

3种不同α受体阻滞剂治疗良性小体积前列腺增生伴下尿路症状患者临床比较

目的:比较3种不同α受体阻滞剂治疗良性小体积前列腺增生(BPH)伴下尿路症状(LUTS)患者的疗效、经济性与安全性。方法:选取108例良性小体积前列腺增生伴下尿路症状患者作为研究对象，根据治疗药物不同分为特拉唑嗪组(n=54)、多沙唑嗪组(n=30)及坦索罗辛组(n=24),疗程结束后评价疗效、药物经济性及安全性。结果:治疗后，3组Q_max、Q_ave、TPV、PVR、梗阻评分、刺激评分、IPSS总评分均较治疗前改善(P<0.05),但组间Q_max、Q_ave、TPV、PVR、梗阻评分、刺激评分、IPSS总评分、SBP、DBP比较，差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);各组症状改善率比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各组成本/效果比较：多沙唑嗪组>坦索罗辛组>特拉唑嗪组(P<0.05);各组不良反应发生率比较：多沙唑嗪组<坦索罗辛组<特拉唑嗪组(P<0.05)。结论:3种α受体阻滞剂疗效基本相同，但从药物经济学角度，特拉唑嗪最优，安全性角度多沙唑...     

α受体阻滞剂治疗良性前列腺增生症的疗效比较

目的评价坦索罗新与特拉唑嗪治疗前列腺增生的效果和对血压影响的差异。方法将我院门诊治疗的前列腺增生患者随机分为2组,分别接受坦索罗新（每日0.4mg）和特拉唑嗪（每日4mg）治疗,评价治疗1个月后2组患者IPSS评分、血压和副作用发生率的差异。结果治疗1个月后特拉唑嗪组IPSS评分要显著优于坦索罗新组（42.50%vs34.29%,P〈0.05）,但特拉唑嗪组有2例患者出现头晕、恶心等不适。结论不同α受体阻滞剂对前列腺增生症的效果存在差异,特拉唑嗪的治疗效果更好,坦索罗新对血压的影响更小,相对更安全。     

非那雄胺联合特拉唑嗪治疗良性前列腺增生症伴慢性前列腺炎60例疗效观察

目的 观察非那雄胺联合特拉唑嗪治疗良性前列臃增生症伴慢性前列腺炙的临床疗效.方法 选择临床确诊的良性前列腺增生伴慢性前列腺炎患者60例,口服非那雄胺(5mg/d)和特拉唑嗪(2mg/d)3个月,在治疗前和治疗3个月后分别检查国际前列腺症状评～(IPSS)、尿流率、残奈尿量、前列腺体积、前列腺液常规.结果 治疗后IPSS平均降低28.7%,最大尿流率平均升高37.4%,残余尿量平均减少40.5%,前列腺体积平均缩小18.1%,前列腺液中白细胞计数平均减少37.3%.前列腺洼检查好转牟56.7%,其中前列腺体积≥40ml组和<40m1组的前列腺液检查好转率分别为69.4%及37.5%二组问比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 非那雄胺联合特拉唑嗪可有效治疗伴慢性前列腺炎的良性前列腺增生症,对前列腺体积较大者效果更好.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.