放化疗同步治疗晚期宫颈癌83例临床分析

目的探讨如何提高晚期宫颈癌(Ⅲa～Ⅳa期)的疗效和生存率.方法83例晚期宫颈癌患者接受DF方案化疗,即顺铂(DDP)20 mg,静脉点滴,第1～5天;5-Fu 500 mg,静脉点滴.化疗同时接受放射治疗,放射治疗均采用60Co外照射加192Ir高剂量率后装治疗作为研究组(A组).为观察疗效,随机抽取单纯放射治疗患者79例作为对照组(B组).结果A组的5年生存率57.8%,明显高于B组(40.5%,P＜0.05).A组白细胞减低发生率和胃肠反应发生率与B组比较,差异有显著性(P＜0.05).两组的主要死亡原因为盆腔复发,A组死于远地转移者与B组比较差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论同步放疗、化疗能明显提高晚期宫颈癌患者的生存率,DDP+5-Fu联合应用是安全可行的,虽毒副反应有所增加,但患者均可耐受.     

182例局部晚期宫颈癌根治性子宫切除术加术前新辅助治疗预后分析

目的 观察局部晚期宫颈癌根治性子宫切除术加术前同期放化疗(CRCT)、单纯放疗(RT)的疗效,并分析影响预后的因素。方法 回顾分析2006—2011年收治的 182例Ⅰ_B2~Ⅲ_B期宫颈癌患者资料,其中 59例RT,123例术前每周顺铂40 mg/m²同期RT,放疗剂量 40~50 Gy分 20~25次。新辅助治疗后 2~3周行全子宫、双附件及盆腔淋巴结切除术。采用Cox法行多因素预后分析。结果 随访时间满 3年者为 69例。肿瘤直径≥4.5 cm时术前CRCT与RT的 3年无进展生存(PFS)、总生存(OS)率均相似(χ²=1.84、1.56,P=0.176、0.221),<4.5 cm时术前CRCT比RT的PFS、OS率高(χ²=5.22、4.81,P=0.022、0.018)。全组 3年PFS、OS率分别为92.0%、93.8%。Cox分析显示肿瘤直径(<6 cm与≥6 cm)是PFS、OS的影响因素(χ²=2.56、4.06,P=0.011、0.007),年龄(<48岁与≥48岁)是OS的影响因素(χ²=4.86,P=0.046),术后淋巴结状况(是否转移)是PFS的影响因素(χ²=1.04,P=0.010)。     

27例宫颈癌术前新辅助化疗的疗效观察

目的探讨新辅助化疗对宫颈癌的疗效。方法选择符合入选标准的患者27例作为治疗对象。术前均给予以异环磷酰胺、顺铂、博莱霉素的联合方案化疗3个疗程,后行广泛性子宫切除术和盆腔淋巴结清扫术。结果20例患者术前化疗后,宫颈局部肿瘤均有不同程度的缩小,14例临床有效,总临床反应率87.3%。20例进行了根治性手术,手术率74.0%。结论宫颈癌术前新辅助化疗可改善临床症状,减小肿瘤的体积和范围,降低肿瘤临床分期,提高手术率。     

宫颈癌的新辅助化疗

随着肿瘤化疗临床研究的迅速进展、化疗药物的不断开发、给药途径及方法的改进,新辅助化疗对宫颈癌的疗效逐渐被证实和肯定,成为局部晚期宫颈癌必要的治疗。     

局部晚期宫颈癌的新辅助化疗

宫颈癌的手术和放射治疗取得了很大的成功,但仍有部分患者治疗失败,近年来,宫颈癌的新辅助化疗日益受到关注,并且其临床疗效已被多数学者所肯定.新辅助化疗可减小肿块体积,消除亚临床转移,降低盆腔淋巴结的转移率,以期延长宫颈癌患者的生存期.     

局部晚期宫颈癌的新辅助化疗

宫颈癌的手术和放射治疗取得了很大的成功 ,但仍有部分患者治疗失败 ,近年来 ,宫颈癌的新辅助化疗日益受到关注 ,并且其临床疗效已被多数学者所肯定。新辅助化疗可减小肿块体积 ,消除亚临床转移 ,降低盆腔淋巴结的转移率 ,以期延长宫颈癌患者的生存期     

同步放化疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌疗效分析

目的对比同步化疗加放射治疗及单纯放射治疗的疗效,探讨更为有效的治疗子宫颈癌的方法.方法 58例Ⅱ、Ⅲ期宫颈癌患者按入院顺序随机分成两组,单纯放疗组25例(Ⅱ期12例,Ⅲ期13例),全盆外照,DT 26～30 Gy;四野外照,DT 24～28 Gy,137Cs腔内放疗至A点量DT 70 Gy左右,B点量DT 50～58 Gy,7～8周完成.同步化疗加放疗组(同步化放组)33例(Ⅱ期17例,Ⅲ期16例)采用DF方案(顺铂20 mg,第1～5天;5-Fu 500 mg,第1～5天),化疗2个周期,每4周为1个周期;化疗第1天开始放疗,放疗方法同单纯放疗组,8～9周完成.结果单纯放疗组中位生存期34个月,平均30.23个月;同步放化疗组中位生存期46个月,平均39个月,两组生存曲线差异有显著性(P=0.0218).同步化放疗组毒副反应高于单纯放疗组,但能为绝大多数患者耐受.结论同步放化疗能延长中晚期宫颈癌患者的中位生存期,提高患者的生存率.     

宫颈癌的新辅助化疗

全文对宫颈癌术前和放疗前新辅助化疗作一述评。     

巨块型宫颈癌术前放化疗的临床分析

探讨巨块型宫颈癌Ⅰｂ￣Ⅱｂ期术前腔内照射及化疗的疗效。５４例宫颈肿瘤大于５ｃｍ的Ⅰｂ￣Ⅱｂ期宫颈癌患者术给予＾１９２Ⅰｒ腔内照射，剂量为１２Ｇｙ￣１８Ｇｙ，腹壁下动脉插管化疗（ＶＣＲ２ｍｇ、ＢＬＭ１６ｍｇ、ＤＤＰ２０ｍｇ），１￣２个疗程。术前放疗组的有效消退率明显高于化疗组。     

宫颈癌术前新辅助化疗的临床应用研究

目的:探讨新辅助化疗在子宫颈癌治疗中的价值。方法:研究对象为1991年1月～2003年12月符合入组标准的宫颈癌患者共306例,手术前给予2个疗程联合化疗(即新辅助化疗,A组),选择1988年1月～1990年12月在我院手术前未接受化疗的85例宫颈癌患者作对照(B组),比较两组患者生存率及并发症的发生情况。结果:两组比较5和10年生存率,A组>B组,P=0.045。不同手术方式、有无放化疗及不同病理类型患者5和10年生存率,A组均>B组,P=0.039。5年复发转移率差异有统计学意义,P=0.049。结论:新辅助化疗对适宜手术切除的宫颈癌患者是有益的,能提高近期控制率、手术切除率及远期生存率,减少复发与转移,值得临床推广应用。     

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cervical cancer: an update

The role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has been investigated in order to improve prognosis of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. According to a meta-analysis, NACT followed by radiotherapy may be detrimental with a low dose of cisplatin and longer cycle intervals. Some meta-analyses showed NACT followed by surgery resulted in a reduction in the risk of death by 35% with a gain of 14% in the 5-year survival compared with radiotherapy. In a Cochrane meta-analysis, overall survival and progression-free survival were significantly improved with NACT followed by surgery versus surgery alone (23% reduction in the risk of death). The platinum/paclitaxel combination is now the preferred regimen in the neoadjuvant setting and preliminary data indicate that dose-dense regimens are feasible and effective (overall response rate: 67.8–87%). A weekly regimen with carboplatin/paclitaxel before chemoradiation showed promising results and the INTERLACE ongoing trial will help to confirm whether additional short-course chemotherapy given weekly before chemoradiation will lead to an improvement in overall survival.     

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and concurrent chemoradiation in the treatment of advanced cervical cancer

The role of chemotherapy in the management of advanced cervical cancer has been long debated. Whereas some phase II trials have shown promising results with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by irradiation, most phase III trials failed to demonstrate any benefit with this sequential treatment in terms of loco-regional control and survival, mainly because chemotherapy could cause accelerated tumor clonogen resistant cell repopulation The data on cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery appear to be more promising. This treatment modality can increase the operability rate and reduce the incidence of positive nodes and other pathological risk factors. However, very few randomized trials comparing cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical hysterectomy versus conventional irradiation treatment are currently available, whilst data about long-term survival of chemo-surgical-treated patients are scanty. Recently five prospective randomized trials compared concurrent cisplatin-based chemotherapy and irradiation versus hydroxyurea plus irradiation or irradiation alone. All showed a significant improvement in the outcome of patients treated with concurrent cisplatin-based chemoradiation. Based on these data, the National Cancer Institute released a Clinical Announcement stating that concurrent cisplatin-based chemoradiation should be the new standard of therapy for high-risk early stage and locally advanced cervical cancer. The introduction of taxanes in both neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical hysterectomy and concurrent chemoradiation could further improve the results of these two treatment modalities. A multicenter randomized trial comparing chemo-surgical treatment with concurrent chemoradiation is warranted to better define the optimum therapeutic strategy for patients with advanced cervical cancer.     

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with intra-arterial infusion in the treatment of advanced cervical cancer

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with intra-arterial infusion was performed in the treatment for 53 patients with advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma. After NAC with intra-arterial infusion of the anticancer agents including cisplatin via internal iliac artery or uterine artery, 42 patients received radical hysterectomy. The response to therapy was observed in 45 of all patients (84.9%) clinically, and 36 of 42 patients (85.7%) pathologically. Cancer cells disappeared in 11.9% of patients with cervical invasion, 69.2% with vaginal wall invasion and 39.4% with parametrium invasion after NAG. Five-year survival rates were 100% in stage I, 71.5% in stage II, 52.2% in stage II and 0% in stage IV. The group of patients without cancer in the parametrium after NAC showed a significantly better 5-year survival rate than the group with residual cancer in the parametrium. According to the results, the elimination of cancer invasion to the parametrium by NAC is thought to be important for improvement of the prognosis in advanced cervical cancer.     

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in combined treatment of breast cancer]

The paper deals with results of complex treatment of 387 patients with stage III breast cancer assigned to either neoadjuvant chemotherapy and preoperative radiotherapy or radiation alone. A study of immediate and end results showed combination of the two modalities to be more effective than each method alone in terms of degree of regression of primary tumor and, particularly, lymph node metastases and duration of recurrence-free period.     

隐匿性乳腺癌36例诊治分析

回顾分析临沂市肿瘤医院乳腺外科收治的36例隐匿性乳腺癌(OBC)患者的临床资料,并结合文献进行讨论。所有病例腋下肿物均经切检病理确诊。乳腺钼靶检查2例诊断为乳腺癌,3例患者为可疑乳腺癌;乳房彩超检查1例诊为乳腺癌,3例患者为可疑乳腺癌。行改良根治术28例,乳腺癌根治术4例,保留乳房手术2例,腋窝淋巴结清除加全乳放疗2例。30例患者获得随访,15例生存时间>5年。回顾分析结果提示,对腋下肿块应行切除活检以明确诊断;乳腺钼靶、彩超及腋下肿物激素受体检测有一定价值;乳腺核磁共振扫描能够提高OBC的检出率。手术方式宜采用改良根治术或保留乳房后全乳照射,并辅以化疗及内分泌治疗等以提高长期生存率。