子宫,子宫阔韧带脂肪性肿瘤的影像学诊断

子宫、子宫阔韧带脂肪类肿瘤非常少见。作者报告手术病理证实的３例子宫平滑肌脂肪瘤、２例子宫阔韧带血管平滑肌脂肪瘤影像学表现。肿瘤内的脂肪成份在影像上有特征性，Ｂ超扫描表现为高回声伴有声衰减区；ＣＴ扫描呈脂肪密度区。肿瘤位于子宫内时易于诊断；肿瘤位于子宫浆膜下或子宫阔韧带内时易被误诊为卵巢囊性畸胎瘤；肿瘤以平滑肌成份为主时不易与子宫平滑肌瘤鉴别。     

子宫阔韧带平滑肌瘤的CT表现

目的:探讨CT对子宫阔韧带平滑肌瘤的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析12例经手术病理证实的子宫阔韧带平滑肌瘤的CT表现。结果:12例共12个肿瘤,大小约3.6cm×3.2cm~12.0cm×10.5cm。边界清楚10例,不清楚2例;与子宫肌层相比,11例呈等密度,1例呈稍低密度;密度均匀5例,不均匀7例。增强扫描见明显强化10例,其中均匀强化3例,不均匀强化7例;肿瘤内囊变影2例。结论:通过典型的征象分析,CT对于术前诊断子宫阔韧带平滑肌瘤具有较大的实用价值。     

输卵管系膜囊肿的CT诊断

目的:总结分析输卵管系膜囊肿CT表现特征,提高本病诊断水平。方法:回顾性分析22例(23个病灶)经手术与病理证实的输卵管系膜囊肿的临床和CT表现。22例均行CT平扫及增强扫描。结果:22例中位于子宫右侧阔韧带旁12例,位于子宫左侧阔韧带旁9例,位于双侧阔韧带旁1例。囊肿大小12mm×15mm～93mm×137mm,囊肿呈圆形、卵圆形22个,葫芦状1个。囊肿边界清楚18例,部分边界模糊4例(5个病灶);23个病灶均囊壁菲薄,未见壁结节,囊液清晰,5例囊肿内见细线状分隔。平扫囊液CT值3～17HU,增强扫描囊壁及囊内细线状分隔呈轻度强化。15例可见子宫阔韧带"抱球征"。镜下囊肿表面衬纤毛柱状上皮,壁内有少许平滑肌组织,12例合并子宫附件肿瘤。结论:输卵管系膜囊肿的CT表现较具特征性,CT表现对本病的诊断和鉴别诊断具有重要价值。     

阔韧带平滑肌瘤的影像诊断(附九例报告)

目的 研究阔韧带平没肌瘤的影像诊断。方法 回顾性总结９例经手术和病理证实为阔韧带平滑肌瘤的Ｂ超、ＣＴ及ＭＲＩ表现。结果 ９例Ｂ超检查表现为盆腔内、子宫外实性肿块,呈低回声灶,４例内有斑点状液性暗区或不均匀光点,５例显示包膜,７例边界清晰。８例ＣＴ检查７例表现为实性肿块,边界较清晰,平扫密度较均匀,与子宫肌密度相当或稍低;１例为混合密度灶,可见液化、坏死与囊变;８例增强扫描实性部分均见明显强化,４例     

子宫阔韧带平滑肌瘤的CT与MRI诊断

目的探讨阔韧带肌瘤的CT与MRI诊断与鉴别诊断。方法收集15例女性患者阔韧带平滑肌瘤CT与MRI资料,进行回顾性分析,所有病例均经手术病理证实。15例中6例接受增强平扫及CT检查,9例接受增强平扫及MRI检查。结果在CT与MRI上,15例均在盆腔内、子宫外显示肿块,实质性肿块9例,实性肿块内有不规则囊变区6例。肿块边界清楚光整,与周围组织间分界清楚10例,病灶与子宫分界不清5例。病灶实性成分CT平扫与子宫呈等密度;MRI平扫T1WI呈等信号、稍低信号,T2WI呈低、等信号。囊变区CT平扫呈稍低密度,MRI平扫呈长T1、长T2信号。增强扫描病灶明显强化,与子宫肌层强化程度基本一致。瘤内变性、坏死或液化区不强化。结论 CT、MRI发现盆腔内、子宫外边界清楚的实性或以实性为主的肿块,肿块实性成分CT平扫密度与子宫相近或相等,MRI平扫T2WI呈低信号,增强扫描强化程度与子宫肌层相当,是阔韧带平滑肌瘤较具特征的征象。当肿瘤囊变区较大,甚至病灶以囊变为主时鉴别诊断较为困难,但肿瘤实性成分的影像表现仍保持以上特点,对鉴别诊断有重要意义。     

子宫体外平滑肌瘤的CT、MRI影像表现(附57例分析)

目的探讨子宫体外特殊部位平滑肌瘤的CT、MRI影像学特点。方法回顾性分析57例经手术病理证实的子宫体外平滑肌瘤的术前CT、MRI影像学表现。结果子宫旁平滑肌瘤48例,发生于阔韧带、宫颈、膀胱、阴道、圆韧带、卵巢、输卵管、尿道、直肠旁间隙和盆壁,影像学表现为相应部位与子宫肌瘤特点相似的软组织肿物;腹膜后平滑肌瘤3例,表现为腹膜后、肾门水平密度均匀或不均匀的软组织肿物;腹膜播散性平滑肌瘤病2例,表现为腹膜及肠系膜多发边界清晰、密度均匀的软组织结节及肿物;良性转移性平滑肌瘤4例,为肺内多发大小不等的软组织结节,形态与恶性肿瘤肺转移无差异。结论子宫体外平滑肌瘤影像学表现尤其是MRI具有特点,合并子宫肌瘤或者既往有子宫肌瘤手术史,可提示诊断,但最终确诊仍需依赖手术病理。     

胸膜孤立性纤维瘤的CT表现

目的：分析胸膜孤立性纤维瘤的CT表现,以提高其认识和诊断水平。材料和方法：回顾性分析12例经病理证实的胸膜孤立性纤维瘤的CT表现。结果：12例中,CT平扫示肿瘤边界较光整,肿物中央可见低密度区9例。增强扫描肿物CT值增加15～46HU,均匀增强3例,不均匀增强9例,其间可见增强的血管。结论：胸膜孤立性纤维瘤的CT表现有一定特征性,典型病例可做术前诊断,CT后处理重建对病变的显示及诊断可提供很大的帮助。     

子宫阔韧带肌瘤的CT诊断

目的　探讨子宫阔韧带肌瘤的CT诊断价值。方法　收集 2 1例子宫阔韧带肌瘤CT资料 ,进行回顾性分析 ,所有病例均经手术病理证实。结果　 2 1例均在盆腔内、子宫外显示肿块 ,CT表现 :实质性肿块 19例 ,边界清楚光整 16例 ,不甚清楚 3例 ,密度均匀 6例 ,平扫时与子宫肌密度相当 ,增强扫描呈明显强化 ,与子宫肌强化基本同步 ,不均匀 13例 ,其强化程度低于子宫肌 (约相差 10～ 2 0HU) ,瘤内变性、坏死或液化区不明显强化或不强化 ;囊实性 2例 ;肿块位置较固定 ,大多在宫旁匍匐生长 ,与子宫位置密切相关 ,其最大径层面与子宫体中心层面基本保持一致 ;形态各异 ,呈条块状、哑铃分叶状及扁圆烧饼状共 15例 ,呈圆形、椭圆形6例。结论　子宫旁呈条块、哑铃分叶状及扁圆烧饼状的实质性或实质性为主的肿块是本病较为可靠的CT征象 ,CT对诊断阔韧带肌瘤有实用价值     

肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤的CT诊断

目的：总结肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤的CT表现特点和薄层扫描的价值。方法：对我院1998年-2004年经手术病理证实的10例肾锴构溜的CT表现进行回顾性分析。结果：含脂肪组织明显的肿瘤9例，少脂或无脂的肿瘤1例。结论：含脂肪较多的肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤CT表现典型，诊断容易；少脂或无脂的肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤容易漏诊，薄层扫描可提高诊断率。     

子宫平滑肌瘤变性的CT诊断及鉴别诊断

目的 探讨CT在子宫肌瘤变性的诊断价值及子宫肌瘤变性的CT特征.方法 回顾性分析手术病理证实的23例子宫肌瘤变性的临床资料和CT资料,并将CT表现与手术病理进行对照.结果 变性肿瘤25个,横断面最大直径30 cm,最小直径1.5cm,平均4.5 cm.宫体肿瘤18个(72％),宫颈肿瘤5个(20％),阔韧带肿瘤2个(8％);肌壁间型肿瘤13个(52％),浆膜下型肿瘤10个(40％),黏膜下型肿瘤2个(8％).24个变性肿瘤CT平扫呈混杂密度,增强扫描呈不均匀强化,经病理证实肿瘤内玻璃样变1 3个(52％),囊性变伴玻璃样变4个(16％),红色变性3个(10％),脂肪变性伴玻璃样变2个(8％),钙化伴玻璃样变2个(8％).1个变性肿瘤CT平扫呈均匀偏低密度,增强扫描仅见囊壁强化,病理证实肿瘤内黏液性变(4％).结论 CT平扫加增强扫描对于子宫肌瘤不同性质变性的诊断以及鉴别诊断具有重要的价值.     

纵隔囊性病变的CT诊断及鉴别诊断

目的探讨纵隔囊性病变的CT诊断及鉴别诊断.方法本组共12例,均经手术及病理证实,男9例,女3例,年龄17～55岁.12例均行CT平扫,其中5例行CT增强扫描.回顾性分析其CT表现.结果纵隔囊性病变中,胸腺囊肿3例,淋巴管瘤2例,支气管囊肿7例.3例胸腺囊肿中,2例位于前纵隔,1例位于左颈及前纵隔;2例淋巴管瘤,1例位于中纵隔,1例位于左颈及前、中纵隔.7例支气管囊肿,均位于中纵隔气管及支气管右旁区域.结论CT平扫结合增强扫描,不仅准确显示纵隔囊性病变的位置和形态,而且清楚显示其与邻近结构的关系,因此结合临床资料及发病部位,对于纵隔囊性病变一般能够达到术前定性诊断.     

CT findings in benign fibrous mesothelioma of the pleura: pathologic correlation in nine patients.

The CT findings in cases of benign fibrous mesothelioma of the pleura have been described previously, but little attention has been given to a correlation of these findings with the pathologic appearance of the tumors. Accordingly, we analyzed the CT scans in nine proved cases in which pathologic studies were available and compared the pathologic findings with the CT appearance of the tumors. On enhanced CT scans (available in eight patients), the lesions showed significant enhancement in all cases. Pathologic examination showed that the enhancement could be explained by the vascularity of the tumor. Areas of myxoid (n = 7) or cystic (n = 3) degeneration and hemorrhage (n = 3) seen in the pathologic specimens correlated with round or tubular low-attenuation areas on unenhanced and enhanced CT scans. On unenhanced CT scans (n = 3), the tumor density was the same as that of the surrounding musculature. Calcification was seen in one patient. Large lesions showed lobulated borders, but no invasion into the lung parenchyma and chest wall was noted. There was no pleural effusion. Our experience suggests that intense enhancement of the tumors occurs because of the vascularity of the tumors. Areas of low attenuation in the tumors on CT were due to foci of myxoid or cystic degeneration and hemorrhage in the lesion.     

筛窦脑膜瘤影像诊断误诊病例分析

目的：探讨筛窦脑膜瘤的影像学表现。方法：回顾分析经手术病理证实的6例筛窦脑膜瘤平片、CT及MRI表现。结果：CT表现：3例呈巨大囊性肿块;2例呈巨大囊、实性肿块;1例呈巨大实质性肿块;囊性部分囊壁周围骨质硬化;实性部分密度均匀或不均匀,可有钙化和囊变区,明显增强。MRI表现（1例）：囊、实性肿块,囊性部分T1WI低信号,T2WI高信号;实性部分T1WI与T2WI均为等信号,有增强。平片表现（3例）：均见筛窦密度增高,体积变大,窦壁光整。结论：筛窦脑膜瘤CT表现颇具特征性;MRI对鉴别诊断有帮助;平片定性诊断较困难。     

CT appearance of uterine leiomyomas

Uterine leiomyomas, commonly known as fibroids, are one of the most common pelvic tumors found in women. Ultrasonography is the primary modality for evaluating leiomyomas. However, frequently these tumors are not accompanied by symptoms, and they are found incidentally during computed tomographic (CT) examinations performed for other indications. Because leiomyomas may first be noted on CT scans, radiologists should become familiar with their characteristic appearance. The authors describe the CT findings of uterine leiomyomas and their secondary changes, including cystic degeneration, calcification, infection, necrosis, fatty degeneration, and sarcomatous degeneration.     

肝脏囊性恶性肿瘤的CT诊断

目的：探讨肝脏囊性恶性肿瘤的ＣＴ诊断价值。材料与方法：经手术病理和临床证这的肝脏囊性恶性肿瘤２９例，术前均行ＣＴ检查，其中转移瘤１５例，肝细胞性裂直肉瘤２例，囊腺癌４例（包括囊腺癌肉瘤１例），胆管癌３例和Ｃａｒｏｌｉ病癌变１例，结果：囊性转移瘤远较其他肝囊性恶性肿瘤常见，表现多样化，以多发囊性或囊性实质性病灶共存为其特点，小病料可完全囊变；囊性肝癌表现为单发不均或均匀厚壁型肝志；囊怀肝肉瘤为单房或     

胰腺囊性病变的CT诊断价值

目的 探讨CT对胰腺囊性病变的诊断价值。资料与方法 分析54例胰腺囊性病变的CT表现，其中假性囊肿41例，真性囊肿2例，浆液性囊腺瘤3例，黏液性囊腺瘤2例，囊腺癌3例，无功能性胰岛细胞瘤3例。结果 41例假性囊肿CT共检出44个囊性病灶，其中41个病灶为单房囊肿，3个病灶囊内见分隔。40个病灶为低密度，4个病灶为略高密度，增强后均无强化。另见。肾前筋膜增厚(32例)、胰周脂肪层模糊(14例)和胰管扩张(6例)。真性囊肿表现为单发或多发无强化囊性病灶，确诊主要依赖特殊临床资料和组织病理学检查。5例囊腺瘤表现为多房分隔囊性肿块，3例浆液囊腺瘤中2例中央见星芒状钙化，增强后分隔有强化。3例囊腺癌表现为多房分隔囊性病灶，其中2例有肝内多发转移。3例无功能胰岛细胞瘤，2例表现为单房囊性病灶，1例表现为多房分隔及囊内出血。结合病变本身及胰腺和胰周改变(包括肝脏)，CT对假性囊肿诊断的准确性为98．1％，对囊性病变诊断的准确性为90．7％。结论 CT能显示病变本身和胰腺及胰周(包括肝脏)形态学改变，有助于胰腺囊性病变的诊断与鉴别诊断。     

子宫平滑肌瘤的MRI诊断

目的探讨子宫平滑肌瘤的MRI表现及其诊断价值。方法对30例子宫平滑肌瘤患者行MRI检查,SE序列,横断面T     

Liver metastases of mucinous colorectal carcinoma: clinico-radiological study of six cases

Clinico-radiological study was attempted in 6 cases of liver metastases from mucinous colo-rectal carcinoma. On plain Computed Tomography (CT) scans (n = 6), tumors were demonstrated as a low density area in 83% and its margin was unclear and irregular in all cases. On enhanced CT scans (n = 6), marginal enhancement of the lesion was recognized in 50%, while neither internal enhancement nor peripheral low density area as commonly seen in metastatic adenocarcinoma was revealed. Ultrasonography (US) (n = 5) showed homogeneous echogenic mass in all lesions and angiography (n = 4) did hypovascular mass with displacement above. For differential diagnosis of mucinous carcinoma from adenocarcinoma metastasized from colo-rectal cancer, integrated diagnosis using CT and US is necessary.     

女性盆腔炎性肿块的螺旋CT诊断

目的探讨螺旋CT对女性盆腔炎性肿块的诊断价值。资料与方法搜集经手术或临床治疗证实的女性盆腔炎性肿块患者资料47例。42例患者同时行CT平扫及增强扫描,5例仅行CT平扫。结果 47例中单发肿块32例,双侧肿块15例;肿块表现为囊性(8个)、囊实性(37个)、实性(17个);肿块壁局部出现"银环征"25个,囊内密度不均有"污浊感"13个,囊内含气4个;肿块与邻近脏器粘连(25例),伴盆腔和(或)胸腔积液(31例),子宫增大33例,附件增粗、输卵管积液(18例),输尿管积水(7例),肠梗阻(11例)。结论螺旋CT扫描能清楚地显示女性盆腔炎性肿块的内部特征及其与周围组织结构的关系,能够为临床诊疗提供更丰富而准确的依据。     

Primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the abdominal cavity: CT findings and pathological correlation

AIM:To study computed tomography(CT)features of abdominal malignant fibrous histiocytoma(MFH)in various rare locations.METHODS:We retroprospectively identified cases of MFH involving the abdominal cavity.Particular attention was paid to details regarding imaging features and histological types.RESULTS:The study population consisted of seven men and one woman,with a mean age of 52.5 years.Seven patients had some physical symptoms,while one was incidentally detected.The sites of origin were liver(n=3),greater omentum(n=1),superior mesentery(n=1),ileum(n=1),right psoas muscle(n=1)and right kidney(n=1).With the exception of the ileum lesion,all were of huge size.The contour of the lesions was more or less clear.Foci of necrosis were present in six lesions(n=6).On plain CT scan,all lesions were hypo to iso dense.The lesion in the greater omentum was cystic.One lesion(n=1)showed significant enhancement and the cystic lesion showed mild peripheral enhancement.An abundance of blood vessels surrounding the mass was seen in two lesions(n=2)and both were of the inflammatory variety.Pathological examination revealed storiform-pleomorphic variety(n=4),inflammatory variety(n=3)and myxoid variety(n=1).Two of the patients with inflammatory MFH had a clinical presentation of fever and one was afebrile,however,blood investigations in all three showed leukocytosis.CONCLUSION:Primary MFHs of the abdominal viscera and gastrointestinal tract are generally huge soft tissue masses containing areas of low attenuation and mild to moderate contrast enhancement.