心脏直视术后纵隔感染五例

心脏直视术后纵隔感染五例朱宏麦玉怀李宁何树松黄光友赵兵我院自１９８７年１２月～１９９５年１２月共施行心内直视手术１６０例，有５例发生纵隔感染，发生率为３．１％，现报告如下。１临床资料本组共５例，男３例，女２例。年龄９～４５岁。其中二尖瓣置换术３例，室...     

背阔肌复合组织瓣带蒂转移重建上肢肌功能

背阔肌复合组织瓣带蒂转移重建上肢肌功能文益民，刘兴炎，葛宝丰，刘占宏，甄平，石骥背阔肌是一块可形成多种用途的组织瓣。血管蒂解剖恒定，口径粗大可作为游离移植￣［１－３］；当以带血管神经蒂转移时可修复胸背部、头颈部、上肢、下腹部、髂和骶尾部，也可用于重建...     

正中切口心脏大血管术后纵隔感染的诊治经验

目的总结胸骨正中切口心脏大血管术后纵隔感染的诊断治疗经验。方法回顾分析2003年1月至2010年12月胸骨正中切口心脏大血管手术后发生的6例纵隔感染病例的诊治经过,探讨其治疗方法及预防措施。结果胸骨正中切口心脏大血管手术714例,术后发生纵隔感染6例（0．8％）,表现为发热及伤口、胸管引流脓性分泌物,均采用纵隔清创引流＋灌洗治疗,并辅以全身抗感染及营养支持,5例Ⅱ期愈合,1例死亡。结论积极有效的纵隔清创引流及全身抗感染和营养支持是治疗心脏大血管术后纵隔感染的重要方法。     

带蒂肌膜瓣重建神经外膜的临床研究

目的　介绍对 18例 (2 2条 )周围神经显微松解、束间修复后神经外膜缺损 >5cm时用带蒂肌膜瓣重建神经外膜的手术方法。方法　周围神经SeddonⅡ类损伤 ,经 3～ 6个月保守治疗无效后 ,采用常规神经显微松解或神经束间修复 ,并确定神经干外膜的缺损范围后 ,选用邻近健康肌肉的肌外膜 ,形成带蒂肌膜瓣 ,包裹在外膜缺损段神经干上 ,用 9 0无损伤缝线将肌膜瓣两侧相互缝合呈管状 ,再将两端与神经外膜缝合。结果　术后随访 6个月～ 5.6年 (平均 3 2 .6个月 ) ,按 1954年英国医学研究所颁布的感觉、运动分级标准评定 ,优良率达到 77.3 %。结论　带蒂肌膜瓣重建神经外膜可改善损伤段神经血运 ,隔离神经束与周围瘢痕的粘连 ,提供了与神经外膜极为相似的神经生长所需理想的局部生理环境     

带蒂腰大肌肌瓣治疗肾下垂285例

目的总结带蒂腰大肌肌瓣治疗症状性肾下垂的疗效。方珐回顾性分析285例症状性肾下垂患者的临床病例资料，术前均行腹部平片和静脉尿路或逆行平卧与站立位的肾盂造影对比证实为肾下垂，均采用带蒂腰大肌肌瓣行肾固定术。站杲285例患者中共461个下垂肾脏，其中425个肾脏行手术处理（其余36个肾脏不需手术处理）；手术时间为40-85min（平均60．5min），术后卧床时间为6—12d（部分患者同期处理合并症，平均7．22d）；共261例患者获IVu、RP或CT随访（91．58％），随访时间1—10年（平均6．2年），未见复发及严重的手术并发症；患者对手术总体满意率为96．14％。站论带蒂腰大肌肌瓣肾固定术是治疗症状性肾下垂的安全、有效、简便的治疗方法。     

创面负压治疗联合背阔肌肌瓣逆行翻转技术在治疗脊柱内固定术后深部感染中的应用北大核心CSCD

目的探索在保留移植物的基础上治疗脊柱内固定术后深部感染的新方法。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2016年5月期间使用创面负压治疗联合背阔肌肌瓣逆行翻转技术治疗的4例脊柱内固定术后延迟深部感染患者资料,男2例,女2例;年龄62～75岁,平均69．2岁。通过美兰引导下进行严格清创、创面负压吸引治疗,待患者创面细菌培养阴性,相关炎性反应指标降至正常范围后,行背阔肌逆行翻转填塞创面,并继续于切口外行创面负压治疗。结果4例患者均在术后1周时拆除创面负压装置,切口愈合良好,术后2周内完全愈合,移植物得以保留。复查血常规、C反应蛋白、红细胞沉降率、降钙素原均基本正常后出院。4例随访时间均超过1年,均未出现感染复发、腰椎内固定物松动等不良结果。结论使用创面负压治疗联合背阔肌肌瓣逆行翻转技术在保留移植物的基础上治疗脊柱术后深部感染方面不失为一种新的尝试,或能提高移植物的保留率、加速创面愈合速度及提高感染治愈率。     

双侧胸大肌内侧头转移术治疗心脏术后胸骨哆开

目的 探讨双侧胸大肌内侧头转移术治疗心脏术后并发胸骨哆开的方法. 方法 2005年5月至2010年10月首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院收治21例心脏外科术后并发胸骨骨髓炎和纵隔感染的胸骨哆开患者,其中男13例,女8例;年龄为53～72 (64.5±7.8)岁.施行冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)19例,心瓣膜置换术2例.采用清创、剔除坏死胸骨、保留部分或全部拔除胸骨固定钢丝、游离双侧胸大肌内侧头使之形成肌瓣并拉至中线位置无张力缝合,完全覆盖胸骨,放置负压吸引引流管,适时拔除,皮肤间断缝合. 结果 21例患者胸大肌肌瓣全部成活,均于术后2周内出院;20例术后愈合顺利,1例拔除引流管后引流口形成窦道并感染,再次手术局部切除窦道后愈合.术后6个月随访,全组患者均胸骨固定,胸廓外形正常,无反常呼吸,未发现再发或迁延性感染. 结论 双侧胸大肌内侧头转移术是治疗心脏外科手术后并发难治性胸骨哆开的一种确切、有效的手术方式.     

胸大肌肌瓣转移术预防乳腺癌术后淋巴漏的临床研究

目的探讨胸大肌肌瓣转移术对乳腺癌改良根治术后淋巴漏的预防效果。方法乳腺癌患者75例,将75例患者分成两组,实验组35例,行乳腺癌改良根治术+胸大肌肌瓣转移术;对照组40例,单纯行乳腺癌改良根治术。观察两组患者术后第1、2、3天引流量、拔管时间、皮下积液情况,并进行比较。结果实验组术后第1、2、3天引流量分别为(129.82±11.46)ml、(89.94±9.73)ml和(30.82±10.56)ml,对照组分别为(179.47±24.23)ml、(130.82±10.56)m和(87.82±8.44)n1;实验组术后拔管时间为(6.47±1.62)天,对照组为(9.41±1.91)天;实验组皮下积液发生率为2.85%,对照组为17.5%,两组3种指标比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论乳腺癌改良根治术后行胸大肌肌瓣转移可预防术后淋巴漏的发生。     

带蒂胸锁乳突肌肌瓣一期修复腮腺肿瘤术后缺损的疗效

目的通过与直接拉拢缝合比较,探讨带蒂胸锁乳突肌肌瓣修复腮腺肿瘤切除后缺损的疗效。方法回顾分析2002年1月-2010年4月,采用带蒂胸锁乳突肌肌瓣一期修复38例(肌瓣组)腮腺肿瘤切除后缺损患者的临床资料,与同期直接拉拢缝合修复的35例(对照组)患者进行比较。两组患者性别、年龄、病程、肿瘤类型及大小等一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P<0.05),具有可比性。分析两组术后局部凹陷畸形、Frey综合征和腮腺瘘并发症发生情况。结果肌瓣组术后肌瓣均成活,创面Ⅰ期愈合;对照组切口均Ⅰ期愈合。术后两组患者均获随访,随访时间6～98个月。随访期间肿瘤均无复发。术后6个月两组患者面部凹陷畸形程度比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=53.202,P=0.000)。肌瓣组术后发生1例(2.6%)腮腺瘘,1例(2.6%)Frey综合征;对照组分别为8例(22.8%)及20例(57.1%);两组并发症发生率比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用带蒂胸锁乳突肌肌瓣修复腮腺肿瘤切除后缺损,可预防术后局部凹陷畸形、Frey综合征和腮腺瘘并发症的发生。     

带血管蒂肌瓣转移用于胫腓骨骨肉瘤保肢术

目的 报告四肢恶性肿瘤广泛切除保肢手术,应用带血管蒂肌瓣修复和重建软组织成功的经验。方法 广泛切除小腿骨肉瘤及瘤周软组织,得用人工假体或吻合血管游离腓骨和移植等方法重建骨骼,局部转移带血管蒂的腓骨肌或比目鱼肌肌瓣,欠组织缺损。结果 临床应用７例,带血管蒂的肌瓣成活良好,无切口并发症,膝关节活动度提高,假体表面皮肤移动性良好。结论 带血管蒂的肌瓣在胫腓骨恶性肿瘤的保肢术中,对于重建软组织缺损和保证切     

Simplified Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in Pediatric Hand Wounds

Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is commonly used as a bolster for skin grafts. The technique offers the benefit of negative pressure as well as reduced dressing changes. Skin grafting of the hand provides a unique challenge, and currently, the only commercially available NPWT hand dressings are adult-sized, precluding their use in small children. We present our custom NPWT “mitten” technique for use with skin grafts on the pediatric hand.     

Change in granulation tissue coverage and bacteriological load using Low Cost Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in acute musculoskeletal wounds

BackgroundLow cost Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) dressings have been considered as an alternative to traditional daily dressings. There is scanty literature evaluating the change in the percentage area of wound covered by granulation tissue following application of low-cost NPWT. The change in the bacteriological flora following application of low-cost NPWT devices has also not been evaluated.MethodsPatients above the age of 18 years with acute musculoskeletal injuries of <3 weeks duration which underwent a surgical debridement and required subsequent wound coverage were included in the study. Area of the wound and the area covered by the granulation tissue as well as the bacteriological count were measured before and after application of NPWT. A low cost NPWT using wall mounted vacuum device was put on the patient giving a constant negative pressure of 125 mm of Hg for 2 days. The findings before and after application of NPWT were compared and analyzed using Wilcoxin Signed-rank test.Results21 patients with mean age of 35.52±15.075 were included. The pre-NPWT granulation tissue area ranged from 122 mm² to 8483 mm² with a mean of 1648.38 mm² (SD = 1933.866). The post-NPWT granulation tissue area ranged from 234 mm² to 7847 mm² with a mean of 2364.48 mm² (SD = 1857.716). The mean increase in granulation tissue was 716.1 mm².The pre-NPWT wound area ranged from 422 mm² to 10847 mm² with a mean of 4009.62 mm² (SD = 3026.209). The post-NPWT wound area ranged from 326 mm² to 9143 mm² with a mean of 3410.33 mm² (SD = 2636.206). The mean reduction in wound size was 599.29 mm².The pre-NPWT bacteriological count ranged from 3000/ml to 130000000/ml with a mean of 12616761.90/ml (SD = 29664589.37). The post-NPWT bacteriological count ranged from 1000/ml to 380000000/ml with a mean of 26401523.81/ml. The mean increase in bacteriological count was 13784761.91/ml.ConclusionThere was a statistically significant decrease in wound size (p = 0.001) and statistically significant increase in percentage area of granulation tissue coverage (p = 0.000) following low cost NPWT application. However there was no statistically significant increase in bacteriological clearance in these patients.     

Post-CABG Deep Sternal Wound Infection: A Retrospective Comparative Analysis of Early versus Late Referral to a Plastic Surgery Unit in a Tertiary Care Center

Background  Deep sternal wound infections (DSWI) following median sternotomy are initially treated by the cardiothoracic surgeons and are referred to a plastic surgical unit late in the course of time. Methods  This is a retrospective review done in a tertiary care teaching institute from January 2005 to June 2018 and the data of 72 patients who had DSWI out of 4,214 patients who underwent median sternotomy for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was collected with respect to the duration between CABG and presentation of DSWI as well as time of referral to a plastic surgery unit. We defined early referral as < or equal to 15 days from presentation and late referral as > 15 days. Both groups were compared with respect to multiple parameters as well as early and late postoperative course, postoperative complications, and mortality. Results  The early group had 33 patients, while the late group had 39 patients. The number of procedures done by the cardiothoracic team before referral to the plastic surgery unit is significant ( p = 0.002). The average duration from the presentation of DSWI to definitive surgery was found to be 16.58 days in the early group and 89.36 days in the late group. The rest of the variables that were compared in both the groups did not have significant differences. Conclusion  There is no statistical difference between early and late referral to plastic surgery in terms of mortality and morbidity. Yet, early referrals could lead to highly significant reduction in total duration of hospital stay, wound healing, and costs. Early referral of post-CABG DSWIs to Plastic surgeons by the cardiothoracic surgeons is highly recommended.     

液体伤口敷料联合负压滴灌治疗糖尿病足感染的临床效果观察

目的:探讨普朗特液体伤口敷料联合负压滴灌治疗糖尿病足创面感染的效果.方法:选取2017年1月-2019年1月于北京中医药大学东直门医院周围血管科收治的糖尿病足患者80例,按照随机数字法分为观察组和对照组各40例,均接受标准化内科基础治疗,创面床准备完善后,观察组采用普朗特液体伤口敷料负压滴灌治疗,对照组采用康复新液负压...     

Deep sternal wound infection following cardiac surgery: A comparison of the monolateral with the bilateral pectoralis major flaps

Deep sternal wound infections are a serious complication following sternotomy for cardiothoracic surgery. “Conventional” treatment provides debridement and secondary closure or closed catheter irrigation. The combination of the Negative Pressure Therapy with flap coverages is an accepted technique and one or both Pectoralis Major muscles could be chosen. A multistep protocol was adopted. One hundred and sixty seven patients were treated with the combination of Negative Pressure Therapy with the Pectoralis Major muscle flap: 86 monolateral flap and 81 bilateral flap reconstruction. The main complications (hematoma, seroma, dehiscence, and re‐infection), the need for re‐intervention, mortality rates, Intensive Care Unit, and hospitalisation time were assessed. The mono‐pectoralis group had fewer complications and need for revision, with a shorter hospital stay. A statistically significant difference emerged for the hematoma rate (P = .0079). Monolateral flap should to be preferred because with the same coverage effectiveness, it guarantees the saving of controlateral muscle with its functionality and the possibility of its use in case of failure. Furthermore, as the technique is less invasive, it can be reserved for more fragile patients.     

Negative pressure wound therapy for the treatment of sternal wound infections after cardiac surgery

We retrospectively collected and analysed data from patients with sternal wound infections between 1995 and 2001, which were treated with different wound management strategies, and compared them with our patients from 2002 to 2011, who were treated with the sternal negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT). From 1995 to 2001, a total of 198 patients (group A) with a mean age of 65 ± 10 years developed sternal wound infection (67% deep) after cardiac surgery. Wound management consisted of surgical debridement and immediate sternal closure or open packing. From 2002 to 2011, a total of 326 patients (group B) (71% deep) were managed with NPWT at the time of surgical debridement. Total mortality was 10% in group A and 3·6% in group B. Recurrence rates were 34 and 8·5%, respectively, for the groups A and B. The meantime of NPWT was 11 days. In group B patients, 75% proceeded to sternal closure. With the introduction of NPWT, the treatment of sternal wound infections could be substantially improved. Particularly, the high recurrence rates could be minimised; furthermore, the goal to salvage the sternal bone is facilitated.