急性前壁心肌梗死心电图ST段改变与前降支阻塞部位关系的研究

目的探讨急性前壁心肌梗死心电图的ST段改变与冠状动脉阻塞部位的关系。方法对34例急性前壁心肌梗死病人进行回顾性分析。结果34例患者中19例为前降支病变,15例为前降支合并多支血管病变,心电图STⅠ、aVL抬高,STⅡ、Ⅲ、aVF压低,STaVL>STⅠ,STV2>STaVR,STV3/Ⅱ<-2.3,均为前降支近端狭窄,STⅡ、Ⅲ、aVF、V5、V6抬高,STV5>STⅡ,STV6>STaVF,均为前降支远端狭窄。结论急性前壁心肌梗死病人进行心电图常规检查,可以预测梗死与冠状动脉阻塞部位的关系。STⅠ、aVL抬高,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF压低>1mm,为前降支近端病变。Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF、V5、V6抬高>1mm为前降支远端病变。     

急性前壁心肌梗死患者心电图下壁导联ST段改变与其冠状动脉病变的关系

目的　探讨急性前壁心肌梗死患者心电图下壁导联 ST段改变与冠状动脉病变的关系。方法　对 81例冠状动脉左前降支 (L AD)单支病变所致急性前壁心肌梗死患者 ,依其早期心电图下壁导联 ST段改变的形态将患者分为 3组 ,即压低组、抬高组、无改变组 ,并与冠状动脉造影结果进行比较和分析。结果　下壁导联 ST段压低组中73.3%患者为 L AD非优势近端病变 ;抬高组中 6 2 .5 %患者为 L AD优势远端病变 ;无改变组中 L AD优势近端病变与 L AD非优势远端病变所占比例近似。结论　急性前壁心肌梗死患者下壁导联 ST段改变与 L AD形态及病变的部位有关。     

急性心肌梗死心电图“镜象”导联ST段改变的临床意义

为了研究急性心肌梗死患者梗死部位呈“镜象“的心电图导联ST段改变的临床意义，回顾性分析166例首次发生急性心肌梗死患者的临床资料、心电图改变情况和冠状动脉造影结果。结果发现，发生下壁急性心肌梗死时，伴有胸前导联V4-V6ST段压低者比不伴有ST段压低者血清肌酸激酶水平、心律失常和心功能不全的发生率明显增高，左室射血分数明显为低，冠状动脉左前降支和多支冠状动脉血管病变的发生率也明显升高。发生前壁急性心肌梗死时，伴有下壁导联ST段压低者较无ST改变者梗死相关动脉左前降支近端病变的发生率明显升高，但血清肌酸激酶水平、左室射血分数和急性心肌梗死临床并发症的发生率差异均无显著性。提示下壁急性心肌梗死伴胸前导联V4-V6ST段压低者下壁心肌梗死范围可能较大，或合并存在左前降支和多支冠状动脉的病变，且并发症较多；前壁急性心肌梗死伴下壁导联ST段压低者可能多为左前降支近端病变，早期再灌注治疗将有利于改善预后。     

急性下壁心肌梗死患者心电图胸前导联ST段改变的临床意义

目的探讨急性下壁心肌梗死患者心电图胸前导联ST段改变与冠状动脉造影(CAG)所见冠状动脉病变部位的关系及其临床意义。方法 187例急性下壁心肌梗死患者,按入院时18导心电图胸前导联ST段改变分为3组,ST段无变化组(47例),ST段抬高组(16例),ST段压低组(124例);所有患者均行CAG。结果急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段抬高时多为右冠状动脉(RCA)近段闭塞(14例,82.3%),尤其是伴圆锥支动脉闭塞,与RCA中远端闭塞(2例,5.9%)比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01),且14例(73.7%)伴有右心功能不全和血流动力学障碍。下壁心肌梗死胸前导联ST段压低者可见于RCA、回旋支(LCX)闭塞及RCA、LCX闭塞与前降支(LAD)、对角支(D)病变的不同组合,其中LCX闭塞伴RCA病变者多表现为朐前ST V_4～V_6的压低,RCA闭塞伴LAD近端病变多有胸前ST V_1～V_6的压低,RCA伴D病变胸前ST V_1～V_3压低,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论急性下壁心肌梗死合并胸前导联ST段抬高表明为RCA近段或丌口闭塞且多伴右心室心肌梗死和心功能不全;下壁心肌梗死伴胸前导联ST段压低提示为多支病变,ST V_1～V_3压低多伴有对角支严重狭窄,STV_1～V_6压低多伴有前降支的严重狭窄。     

心电图改变对急性下壁心肌梗死相关血管的预测价值

目的:对急性下壁心肌梗死患者的心电图资料进行回顾性研究,分析和比较心电图改变与冠状动脉造影及临床特点的对应性关系。探讨体表心电图改变对急性下壁心肌梗死患者的临床价值。方法:选取86例急性下壁心肌梗死患者,根据冠状动脉造影结果分为右冠状动脉(RCA)病变组和左冠状动脉(LCA)病变组。对比分析其心电图改变与冠状动脉造影结果及临床特点。结果:Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVR导联ST段及aVL导联波形改变对诊断梗死相关血管具有重要价值;V3与Ⅲ导联ST段改变比值预测梗死相关血管部位具有重要价值;伴aVR导联ST段压低患者病情重;伴胸前导联ST段压低者病情重、并发症发生率明显增高。结论:心电图对诊断下壁急性心肌梗死相关血管及其临床特点具有重要的预测价值。     

冠状动脉前降支闭塞致急性心肌梗死的心电图ST段偏移特点分析

目的探讨冠状动脉前降支(LAD)单支闭塞所致急性心肌梗死(AMI)的心电图(ECG)特点。方法回顾性分析51例LAD急性闭塞所致AMI患者心电图ST段改变与冠状动脉造影结果。结果 V_2导联ST段抬高<0.2 mV预测LAD远段闭塞敏感度为52.9%,特异度为88.2%,在胸导联ST段抬高的情况下,特异度增高(96.2%)。V_6导联ST段压低预测LAD近段闭塞敏感度为26.5%,特异度100%,在胸导联ST段抬高的情况下,V_1导联ST段抬高≥0.2 mV预测LAD近段闭塞敏感度53.8%,特异度88.9%。下壁导联Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF ST段压低预测LAD近段闭塞特异度较高,Ⅲ、aVF导联组合较Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF导联组合判断LAD近段闭塞特异度及阳性预测值高。结论 V_1导联ST段抬高、V_6导联ST段压低、下壁导联ST段压低有助于判断LAD近段闭塞,V_2导联ST段抬高<0.2 mV有助于判断LAD远段闭塞。     

急性前壁心肌梗死时下壁导联ST段改变的临床价值

目的探讨急性前壁心肌梗死病人下壁导联ST段改变的临床价值.方法对93例冠状动脉左前降支(LAD)单支病变所致急性前壁心肌梗死病人,根据早期心电图下壁导联ST段改变将其分为压低组、抬高组、无改变组3组,与冠状动脉造影结果进行分析比较.结果下壁导联ST段压低组中71.4%为LAD非包绕型近端病变;抬高组中61.5%为LAD包绕型远端病变;无改变组中LAD包绕型近端病变和LAD非包绕型远端病变所占比例相近.结论急性前壁心肌梗死病人下壁导联ST段改变与LAD形态及病变部位有关.     

第一对角支病变致急性心肌梗死的心电图特点

目的分析第一对角支病变导致急性心肌梗死患者的心电图特点,寻找相关规律。方法回顾性分析本院急性心肌梗死患者数据库,筛选经冠脉造影证实梗死相关血管为第一对角支的心电图资料,分析其心电图特点。结果 6例患者冠状动脉造影结果显示4例为对角支急性闭塞,2例为次全闭塞伴血栓形成。ST段抬高的导联多见于a VL、I、V_2导联,所有6例患者均表现为aVL导联ST段抬高,抬高幅度(0.11±0.05)mV,其余ST段抬高患者中I导联有3例,V_2导联3例。ST段压低的导联多见于Ⅲ、Ⅱ、aVF导联,所有6例患者均表现为Ⅲ导联ST段压低,压低幅度为(0.09±0.04)mV,其余ST段压低患者中Ⅱ、aVF导联各有4例。结论第一对角支病变导致急性心肌梗死的心电图特点为a VL导联伴或不伴I、V_2导联ST段抬高,Ⅲ导联伴或不伴Ⅱ、aVF导联ST段压低。     

急性前壁心肌梗死时心电图下壁导联ST段改变与左前降支长度和病变部位的关系

目的 探讨急性前壁心肌梗死时下壁ST段改变与左前降支（LAD）长度和病变部位的关系。方法 对75例急性前壁心肌梗死患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析，根据心肌梗死初期是否伴有下壁ST段改变而将患者分成3组，即伴有下壁ST段压低者为I组，伴有下壁ST段抬高者为Ⅱ组，下壁ST段无改变者为Ⅲ组，并与冠状动脉造影结果进行对照。结果 I组中72％患者为LAD非优势近端病变。Ⅱ组中60％患者为LAD优势远端病变；Ⅲ组中LAD优势近端病变与LAD非优势远端病变所占比例相似。结论 急性前壁心肌梗死时下壁ST段改变可能与LAD长度和病变部位有关。     

急性前壁心肌梗死下壁导联ST段变化与前降支形态和梗死部位的关系

目的探讨急性前壁心肌梗死时下壁导联ST段的变化与不同前降支形态和梗死部位关系。方法根据下壁导联心电图ST段改变情况,将67例首发急性前壁心肌梗死病例分为ST段压低组,ST段抬高组和ST段无变化组,与冠状动脉造影结果对照,分析各组心电图变化与前降支形态和梗死部位的关系。结果梗死相关部位在前降支近端者ST段压低组中占81.25%,ST段抬高组占20%,ST段无变化组占46.34%(P<0.01);LAD返折支配1/4以上下壁在ST段压低组中占6.25%,ST段抬高组占70%,ST段无变化组占29.27%(P<0.01)。结论急性前壁心肌梗死时下壁导联ST;段变化与前降支梗死部位和形态有关。下壁导联ST段压低提示前降支近端梗死,ST段抬高提示前降支远端梗死且存在前降支返折。     

体表心电图对老年急性前壁心肌梗死左前降支闭塞部位的预测价值

目的探讨体表心电图对老年急性前壁心肌梗死左前降支（LAD）闭塞部位的预测价值。方法对62例老年急性前壁心肌梗死患者的入院心电图和冠状动脉造影资料进行回顾性分析,寻找可以预测LAD闭塞部位的心电图改变。结果62例老年急性前壁心肌梗死患者均为LAD闭塞,其中近段闭塞者45例（72.6%）,远段闭塞者17例（27.4%）。经χ2检验,STⅠ抬高、STaVL抬高、STaVF压低或至少2个下壁导联ST段压低等指标提示LAD近段闭塞（P均〈0.05）。其中,STaVF压低或至少2个下壁导联ST段压低的特异度和阳性预测值最高,为94%左右,灵敏度以STaVL抬高最高,为56%;反之,STaVL压低和STⅢ抬高则在预测LAD远段闭塞上有显著意义（P均〈0.05）,特异度和阳性预测值以STaVL压低为最高,均为100%。结论急性前壁心肌梗死时,体表心电图对预测LAD闭塞部位有重要价值。     

急性心肌梗死对应导联ST段变化与冠状动脉病变的关系

目的 用冠状动脉造影技术研究急性心肌梗死(AMI)对应导联ST段变化与冠状动脉病变的关系。方法136例急性心肌梗死共分五组:①组,前壁梗死(V1-6)伴有Ⅱ,Ⅲ,aVF导联ST段下移。②组,下壁梗死(Ⅱ,Ⅲ,aVF)同时伴有V1-6导联ST段下移。③组,下壁梗死(Ⅱ,Ⅲ,aVF)同时伴有I,aVL导联ST段下移。④组,前壁梗死(V1-6)未伴有其它导联的ST段变化。⑤组,下壁梗死(Ⅱ,Ⅲ,aVF)未伴有其它导联的ST段变化。所有患者均进行冠状动脉造影。结果 前壁心肌梗死伴有Ⅱ,Ⅲ,aVF导联ST段下移25例中有88%为左冠状动脉前降支病变,其中90.9%为左冠状动脉近端病变。前壁心肌梗死未伴有Ⅱ,Ⅲ,aVF导联ST段下移的36例患者中有94.4%为左冠状动脉前降支病变,两者统计无显著性差异。在下壁心肌梗死伴有V1-6导联ST段下移组22例中有81.8%为右冠状动脉病变,但同时伴有前降支病变的却有77.3%,其中单支病变仅18.2%。下壁心肌梗死未伴有V1-6导联ST段下移34例有91.2%为右冠状动脉病变,但同时伴有前降支病变的仅有32.4%,其中单支病变达52.9%。两组统计分别为P<0.001和P相似文献   

Electrocardiographic localization of the occlusion site in left anterior descending coronary artery in acute anterior myocardial infarction

BACKGROUND: The site of occlusion of left anterior descending coronary artery is important in acute anterior myocardial infarction because, proximal occlusion is associated with less favorable outcome and prognosis. The present study attempted to evaluate the electrocardiographic correlate of the location of the site of the left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion with respect to first septal perforator and/or the first diagonal branch. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study included 50 patients with a first acute anterior myocardial infarction. The electrocardiogram with the most pronounced ST segment deviation before the start of reperfusion therapy was evaluated and correlated with the left anterior descending occlusion site as determined by coronary angiography. ST segment elevation in lead aVR, ST segment depression in lead V5 and ST segment elevation in V1>2.5 mm strongly predicted left anterior descending occlusion proximal to first septal, whereas abnormal Q wave in V4-6 was associated with occlusion distal to first septal. Abnormal Q wave in lead aVL was associated with occlusion proximal to first diagonal, whereas ST depression in lead aVL was suggestive of occlusion distal to first diagonal branch. For both first septal and first diagonal, ST segment depression > or =1 mm in inferior leads strongly predicted proximal left anterior descending artery occlusion, whereas absence of ST segment depression in inferior leads predicted occlusion distal to first septal and first diagonal. All the patients were followed during their in-hospital stay (median of 7 days), during which four patients in the proximal to first septal and first diagonal group and one patient in the distal to first septal and first diagonal group died (p < or = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In acute myocardial infarction electrocardiogram is useful to predict the left anterior descending occlusion site in relation to its major side branches and such localization has prognostic significance.     

aVR导联对前壁心肌梗死相关血管定位的作用

目的通过与冠状动脉造影（CAG）对比，研究aVR导联ST段改变的特征。对急性前壁心肌梗死（AAMI）的梗死相关动脉（IRA）阻塞部位的定位。方法对比89例急性前壁心肌梗死病人．其中左前降支近段（PS）闭塞43例、左前降支远段（DS）闭塞46例，胸痛发作12h内的心电图。结果两组胸导联的ST段抬高无明显差异，PS组aVR导联ST段抬高较明显（0．94±0．48mmvs0．30±0．56mm．p=0．021）：PS组Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF导联ST段压低较显著（分别为-1．21±0．72mm vs S-0．64±0．53mm。p=0．010；-1．63±0．92mmvs-0．98＋0．39mm．／9=0．016；-1．40±0．66mm vs -0．85±0．32mm，／9=0．000）。在胸导联ST段抬高的同时．aVR导联ST段抬高预测左前降支（LAD）近段闭塞的敏感性（Se）、特异性（Sp）、符合率（CR）、阳性预测值（PPV）、阴性预测值（NPV）分别为60．47％、93．48％、77．53％、89．66％、71．67％。结论在胸导联ST段抬高的同时合并aVR导联ST段抬高和／或下壁导联的ST段压低，可预测左前降支近段闭塞。     

246例回旋支不同节段闭塞的心电图特点

目的探讨回旋支闭塞中不同节段,不同优势型,多支病变对心电图变化的影响。方法本研究共入选246例发生急性LCX闭塞的患者（其中男187例,女59例）,根据冠脉造影结果将患者根据冠脉优势型、单支、多支、合并LAD、RCA分组,结合年龄、性别及相关危险因素,对比分析心电图改变与冠脉造影结果及临床特点的关系。结果回旋支闭塞心电图变化受不同冠脉优势型影响,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF、V7~V9导联ST段抬高常见于左优势型的LCX闭塞。V1~V3导联ST段压低常见于均衡型的LCX闭塞,Ⅰ、aVL导联ST段抬高在各优势型中无特异性。在单支LCX闭塞中,V1~V3导联ST段压低常见于近段闭塞,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF导联ST段抬高常见于远段闭塞,V7~V9导联ST段抬高与Ⅰ、aVL导联ST段抬高在各节段闭塞的心电图中无特异性。合并多支病变时LCX心电图变化与单纯LCX闭塞存在差异,在LCX近段闭塞中,合并多支病变的患者更易出现V7~V9导联ST段抬高,单支病变者心电图易出现V1~V3导联ST段压低,在LCX中段闭塞的患者中,单支病变与多支病变的心电图改变大致相同。在LCX远段闭塞的患者中,多支病变患者出现V1~V3导联ST段压低可能性较大。OM闭塞在单支及合并多支病变时的心电图差异无明显统计学意义。在合并LAD或RCA病变的LCX闭塞患者中,心电图改变无明显差异。结论心电图对诊断梗死相关动脉为回旋支的急性心肌梗死有重要的预测价值,结合病史及相关一般资料可对急性心肌梗死患者的预后进行评估。     

心电图诊断急性下壁，前壁心肌梗塞相关动脉的价值

目的：分析急性下壁、前壁心肌梗塞患者心电图表现及梗塞相关动脉的分布特点,评价心电图诊断急性下壁、前壁心肌梗塞相关动脉的价值。方法：对26例急性下壁心肌梗塞、29例急性前壁心肌梗塞患者的心电图和冠状动脉造影资料进行回顾性比较分析。结果：急性下壁心肌梗塞（26例）的梗塞相关动脉为右冠状动脉（RCA）者19例（73％）。回旋支（LCX）6例（23％）;急性前壁心肌梗塞（29例）的梗塞相关动脉为前降支（LAD）者26例（90％）;下壁心肌梗塞相关动脉为RCA的19例中Ⅱ、Ⅲ,aVF导联ST段上移18例（94％）,STⅢ↑／STⅡ↑〉1者16例（84%）。结论：急性下壁、前壁心肌梗塞的心电图表现与梗塞相关动脉有关,有较高的临床诊断价值。     

Usefulness of the electrocardiogram in predicting the occlusion site in acute anterior myocardial infarction with isolated disease of the left anterior descending coronary artery

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: In acute anterior myocardial infarction (AMI), the site of occlusion in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) is related to the extension of myocardial necrosis and the prognosis. The aim of this study was to assess the value of the electrocardiogram (ECG) as a predictor of the LAD occlusion site in patients with anterior AMI. METHODS: Forty-five consecutive patients with a first anterior AMI and isolated disease of the LAD were included. We evaluated retrospectively the ECG with the most pronounced ST-segment changes before fibrinolysis and correlated the findings with the site of LAD occlusion in angiography before hospital discharge in relation to the first dominant septal and first diagonal branch: first septal affected (S), first diagonal affected (D), both affected (S + D), or neither affected were considered. RESULTS: ST depression in leads II, III, or aVF strongly predicted proximal LAD occlusion in S + D, S, and D (p = 0,003, p = 0,04, and p = 0,02, respectively). ST elevation in leads II, III, or aVF was observed only in the presence of wrap-around LAD and was related with occlusion distal to the first diagonal branch. ST elevation > or = 3 mm in lead V1 was a specific predictor of occlusion proximal to first septal (S, p = 0,01). ST elevation in aVR was associated with proximal LAD occlusion in S + D and S (p = 0,03 and p = 0,03, respectively) and absence of coronary collateral circulation. CONCLUSIONS: In anterior AMI and isolated LAD disease, the ECG can be useful in predicting the LAD occlusion site in relation to its major side branches.     

Reciprocal changes in 12-lead electrocardiography can predict left main coronary artery lesion in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Acute left main coronary artery (LMCA) occlusion may result in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or sudden death. ST elevation in the aVR and V1 leads is reported to be valuable in recognizing LMCA occlusion. Early recognition of electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, such as reciprocal ST depression in other leads, is helpful in averting this disaster. This study aimed to determine the reciprocal ST segment depression of 12-lead ECGs associated with acute LMCA occlusion. From January 2000 to December 2004, 61 patients who underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention in 3 hospitals due to AMI associated with LMCA (n = 18) and a left anterior descending coronary artery (LADCA) (n = 43) proximal lesion were selected. Reciprocal ST segment depression occurred in leads aVF, V(2), V(3), V(4), V(5), and V(6) with significantly higher incidence in the LMCA group than in the LADCA group. Stepwise linear multivariate discriminant analysis indicated that ST segment depression in leads aVF, V(2), and V(4) could distinguish the LMCA group from the LADCA group. We concluded that reciprocal ST segment depression in leads V(2), V(4), and aVF of a 12-lead ECG is an important predictor of acute LMCA occlusion.     

梗塞相关动脉病变位置与入院心电图

评价急性前壁心肌梗塞 (AAMI)病人入院心电图 (ECG)不同导联ST段变化预测前降支动脉(LAD)病变位置的价值。 10 7例AAMI病人 ,评价入院ECG每个导联ST段 ,并在 30天内完成冠状动脉造影检查 (CAG) ,明确引起AAMI病变与主要间隔支 ,第一对角支开口位置关系。IavL导联ST段抬高发生率在第一对角支近端 (Dp) ,远端 (Dd)病变间存在显著性差异 (I 89%Vs 18% ,avL 83%Vs 2 4 %P <0 0 0 2 5～0 0 0 1) ,其发生率主要间隔支近端病变 (Sp)也高于主要间隔支远端病变 (Sd)。Ⅱ ,Ⅲ、avF导联ST段压低发生率Sp病变明显高于Sd病变 (分别为 6 4 %Vs 9% ,90 %Vs 5% ,6 9%Vs 5% ,P <0 0 0 5～ 0 0 0 1) ,I导联ST段上移主要受Dp病变影响 ,而Ⅲ导联ST段下移最具有Sp病变诊断价值。AAMI病人入院ECG额面电轴导联ST段变化有助于明确LAD病变位置