炎症性肠病的肠内营养治疗

正炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)是一种免疫介导的慢性复发性肠道炎症疾病,包括溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)和克罗恩病(Crohn’s disease,CD)。营养不良是IBD常见的肠外表现之一,是炎症性肠病预后不良的一个重要因素。营养不良与IBD的预后、并发症发生率、死亡率、生活质量及医疗负担等密切相关,营养支持治疗对IBD的疗效已被认可,IBD患者应该记录营养不良并     

炎症性肠病肠道淋巴细胞归巢研究进展

炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)是慢性肠道炎症疾病,传统上分为溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,uc)和克罗恩病(Crohn's disease,CD).诸多研究表明,IBD与肠道淋巴细胞归巢(lymphocyte homing,LH)密切相关,本文就IBD与LH研究进展作一综述.     

炎症性肠病的特殊问题

炎症性肠病(Inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)是指一组病因不明的慢性非特异性肠道炎症性疾病,包含溃疡性结肠炎(Ulcerative colitis,UC)和克罗恩病(Crohn's disease,CD) 两个独立的疾病.本文主要介绍IBD的一些特殊问题.     

炎症性肠病肠外表现的临床特点及治疗进展

炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)是一种慢性、复发性、免疫性胃肠道炎症.IBD主要包括:克罗恩病(Crohn's disease,CD)和溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC).IBD可出现多种肠外表现,涉及消化系统、泌尿生殖系统、肌肉骨骼、肺、心脏、眼部、皮...     

炎症性肠病相关内分泌疾病的研究进展

炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)是一种特发性肠道炎症性疾病,包括克罗恩病(Crohn's disease,CD)和溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC).IBD可累及皮肤、骨骼、肌、肺、肝、胆、肾脏等多个器官或系统,而IBD相关内分泌疾病相对少见.本文主要对...     

炎症性肠病发病机制的研究新进展

炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)是一组反复发作的慢性炎症性肠道疾病,主要包括溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)和克罗恩病(Crohn’s disease,CD)。其确切的发病机制目前尚不明确,本文主要对遗传因素、免疫因素、环境因素、内质网应激和肠道微生物这五个方面在IBD中的新观点作一概述。     

炎症性肠病与微生态制剂

炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)是一种病因尚不清楚的慢性肠道炎症性肠病,包括溃疡性结肠炎(ulcera-tive colitis,UC)和克罗恩病(Crohn’s disease,CD)两大类。其发病机制至今仍不清楚,遗传易感性、黏膜免疫和肠道微生态环境三者的相互作用被认为可能参与IBD的发病。目前的治疗包括传统治疗和生物制剂,药物治疗包括5大类型,分别是抗炎药物、免疫抑制剂、生物制剂、抗生素及症状缓解药物。微生物在IBD发病中的作用一直受到重视,本文就微生态制剂在炎症性肠病中的应用情况作一综述。     

粪便标志物在评估炎症性肠病黏膜愈合中的应用进展

正炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)是肠道的慢性非特异性炎症性疾病,病因尚未明确,主要包括溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)和克罗恩病(Crohns disease,CD)。近年来,我国IBD患者越来越多,已成为消化系统常见病。UC和CD     

炎症性肠病患者的营养问题

<正>炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD),包括克罗恩病(Crohn disease,CD)和溃疡性结肠炎(inflammation colitis,UC)以及多种炎症性并发症性病变在内。IBD以往是北美与欧洲国家的常见肠病[1]。近30年日本IBD发病率增高。我国近10年来随着生活方式和饮食结构的改变,IBD就诊人数呈明显增高趋势,已成为我国常见的消化系疾病[1~3]。迄今,IBD的发病原因仍未明确,但胃肠道是人体进行正常消化、吸收与维持机体良好营养状态的中枢性器     

人β防御素2在炎症性肠病发病机制中的研究

炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowl disease,IBD)是一种原因不明的慢性非特异性肠道炎性反应性疾病,包括克罗恩病(Crohn's disease,CD)和溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC).     

CD28:CTLA4/B7及CD40/CD40L在炎症性肠病发病机制中的作用

炎症性肠病(IBD)是一组病因未明的累及肠道的免疫反应异常性疾病,T细胞功能失调与IBD发病密切相关。CD28：CTLA4/B7及CD40/CD40L是重要共刺激分子,对调节免疫具有非常重要的作用,可能在IBD发生和发展中起着关键作用。     

Role of cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory bowel disease （IBD）, which includes Crohn’s disease （CD） and ulcerative colitis （UC）, rep- resents a group of chronic disorders characterized by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, typically with a relapsing and remitting clinical course. Mucosal mac- rophages play an important role in the mucosal im- mune system, and an increase in the number of newly recruited monocytes and activated macrophages has been noted in the inflamed gut of patients with IBD. Activated macrophages are thought to be major con- tributors to the production of inflammatory cytokines in the gut, and imbalance of cytokines is contributing to the pathogenesis of IBD. The intestinal inflammation in IBD is controlled by a complex interplay of innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. Cytokines play a key role in IBD that determine T cell differentiation of Th1, Th2, T regulatory and newly described Th17 cells. Cytokines levels in time and space orchestrate the development, recurrence and exacerbation of the inflammatory process in IBD. Therefore, several cyto- kine therapies have been developed and tested for the treatment of IBD patients.     

Old and New Lymphocyte Players in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic intestinal inflammatory disorder characterized by diffuse accumulation of lymphocytes in the gut mucosa as a consequence of over-expression of endothelial adhesion molecules. The infiltrating lymphocytes have been identified as subsets of T cells, including T helper (Th)1 cells, Th17 cells, and regulatory T cells. The function of these lymphocyte subpopulations in the development of IBD is well-known, since they produce a number of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interferon-γ and interleukin-17A, which in turn activate mucosal proteases, thus leading to the development of intestinal lesions, i.e., ulcers, fistulas, abscesses, and strictures. However, the immune mechanisms underlying IBD are not yet fully understood, and knowledge about the function of newly discovered lymphocytes, including Th9 cells, innate lymphoid cells, mucosal-associated invariant T cells, and natural killer T cells, might add new pieces to the complex puzzle of IBD pathogenesis. This review summarizes the recent advances in the understanding of the role of mucosal lymphocytes in chronic intestinal inflammation and deals with the therapeutic potential of lymphocyte-targeting drugs in IBD patients.     

Dysregulation of mucosal immune response in pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.The exact etiology and pathology of IBD remain unknown.Available evidence suggests that an abnormal immune response against the microorganisms in the intestine is responsible for the disease in genetically susceptible individuals.Dysregulation of immune response in the intestine plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of IBD,involving a wide range of molecules including cytokines.On the other hand,besides T helper(Th)1 and Th2 cell immune responses,other subsets of T cells,namely Th17 and regulatory T cells,are likely associated with disease progression.Studying the interactions between various constituents of the innate and adaptive immune systems will certainly open new horizons of the knowledge about the immunologic mechanisms in IBD.     

肠道微生态在炎症性肠病发病中的作用

炎症性肠病（IBD）是一类病因不明的肠道炎性疾病,主要包括溃疡性结肠炎和克罗恩病,其发病机制尚未清楚,可能涉及遗传、免疫和环境因素,其中肠道菌群所构成的肠道微生态可能扮演重要角色,已日益引起重视。本文通过对该领域的新进展作一概述,旨在加深对肠道微生态与IBD关系的认识以及探讨治疗IBD的新策略。     

Role of regulatory T cell in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease

Regulatory T(Treg) cells play key roles in various immune responses. For example, Treg cells contribute to the complex pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD), which includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis during onset or development of that disease. Many animal models of IBD have been used to investigate factors such as pathogenic cytokines, pathogenic bacteria, and T-cell functions, including those of Treg cells. In addition, analyses of patients with IBD facilitate our understanding of the precise mechanism of IBD. This review article focuses on the role of Treg cells and outlines the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of IBD based on previous reports.     

Treg/Th17细胞分化失衡与炎症性肠病

炎症性肠病（IBD）的病因和发病机制尚未完全明确,初始CD4~＋T细胞分化异常在其发生、发展过程中起重要作用。初始CD4~＋T细胞可分化为调节性T细胞（Treg细胞）和Th17细胞,Treg/Th17细胞间的失衡将导致包括IBD在内的多种自身免疫病的发生。初始CD4~＋T细胞周围的细胞因子和芳香烃受体对维持该平衡起重要作用。本文就Treg细胞和Th17细胞及其与IBD的关系作一综述。     

Th17/Treg失衡与炎症性肠病的关系

炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease.IBD)的病因和发病机制尚未完全明确,肠道黏膜免疫系统异常反应所导致的炎症过程在发病中起重要作用.辅助性T细胞17(T helper 17 cells,Th17)可介导慢性炎症和自身免疫性疾病的发生,调节性T细胞(regulatory T cell,Treg)有抑制自身免疫的功能,二者存在相互转化的关系.有研究表明Th17/Treg转化平衡是维持肠道免疫稳态的重要因素,这可能是导致人类IBD的原因之一.最近研究表明TGF-β,IL-6和维甲酸(retinoic acid,RA)可能是调控二者平衡关系的重要因素.肠道菌群(intestinal flora)与IBD的发生发展关系密切,益生菌(probiotics)对IBD的治疗作用成为研究的热点.深化对Th17/Treg转化调控关系的研究是当前重要的研究课题.     

Inflammatory bowel disease imaging: current practice and future directions

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the role of imaging in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD), including detection of extraluminal complications and extraintestinal manifestations of IBD, assessment of disease activity and treatment response, and discrimination of inflammatory from fibrotic strictures. IBD is a chronic idiopathic disease affecting the gastrointestinal tract that is comprised of two separate, but related intestinal disorders; Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The paper discusses, in detail the pros and cons of the different IBD imaging modalities that need to be considered in order to optimize the imaging and clinical evaluation of patients with IBD. Historically, IBD evaluation of the bowel has included imaging to assess the portions of the small bowel that are inaccessible to optical endoscopic visualization. This traditionally was performed using barium fluoroscopic techniques; however, cross-sectional imaging techniques(computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) are being increasingly utilized for IBD evaluation because they can simultaneously assess mural and extramural IBD manifestations. Recent advances in imaging technology, that continue to improve the ability of imaging to noninvasively follow disease activity and treatment response, are also discussed. This review article summarizes the current imaging approach in inflammatory bowel disease as well as the role of emerging imaging modalities.     

趋化因子及其受体与炎症性肠病

炎症性肠病(IBD)包括溃疡性结肠炎(UC)和克罗恩病(CD),是一类慢性反复发作的肠道非特异性炎症性疾病,其病因和发病机制尚未完全阐明,免疫反应异常是其重要特点.趋化因子是炎症反应中白细胞募集的最重要的调节因子,很多趋化因子参与IBD的发病.此文就近年来趋化因子及其受体与炎症性肠病的研究进展作一综述.