健脾解毒方介导p38MAPK/ATF-2信号通路抑制幽门螺杆菌诱导的人胃癌细胞COX-2表达

目的 探讨健脾解毒方对幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,Hp)感染人胃癌MKN 45细胞环氧合酶-2(cyclooxygenase-2,COX-2)表达及其p38MAPK信号通路的调控机制。     

健脾解毒方通过Wnt/β-catenin信号通路下调幽门螺杆菌诱导的胃癌血管生成因子的研究

  目的：研究健脾解毒方对幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染胃癌细胞诱导的血管生成因子(VEGF)、血管生成素-2(Ang-2)、成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)的影响,并探讨其可能的机制。  方法：采用HP标准株NCTC11637与人胃癌MKN45细胞共培养的方法感染MKN45细胞,分为对照组、HP感染组、健脾解毒方醇提物低中高剂量组(低中高剂量分别为0.5 g/L、1.0 g/L和2.5 g/L),采用ELISA法检测健脾解毒方对HP感染诱导的人胃癌MKN45细胞VEGF、bFGF、Ang-2表达的影响;使用Wnt/β-catenin特异性抑制剂FH-535(20 μmol/L)抑制Wnt/β-catenin活性后,再进行HP感染,ELISA法检测人胃癌MKN45细胞VEGF、bFGF、Ang-2蛋白表达的变化。Western blotting检测健脾解毒方对HP感染激活的人胃癌MKN45细胞Wnt/β-catenin信号通路活性的调控作用。  结果：HP感染MKN45细胞12 h后,VEGF、bFGF、Ang-2蛋白的表达明显上调(P<0.01)。健脾解毒方醇提物低中高剂量组均可下调HP诱导的人胃癌MKN45细胞VEGF、bFGF、Ang-2蛋白的表达,并呈一定的剂量依赖效应。采用Wnt/β-catenin特异性抑制剂FH-535抑制Wnt/β-catenin活性后可明显抑制HP诱导的VEGF、bFGF、Ang-2蛋白的表达 (P<0.01)。HP感染胃癌MKN45细胞12 h后,胞浆和胞核β-catenin蛋白表达明显上调(P<0.01),健脾解毒方可下调胞浆和胞核β-catenin蛋白表达,并呈一定的剂量依赖效应。  结论：健脾解毒方可下调HP诱导的人胃癌细胞VEGF、bFGF、Ang-2表达,抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路是其机制之一,这可能是该方抗胃癌作用的重要机制。     

健脾解毒方对幽门螺杆菌诱发胃癌过程微血管密度及环氧合酶表达的影响

目的 探讨健脾解毒方在幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori, H. pylori)长期感染诱发C57BL/6小鼠胃癌过程中对微血管密度(microvessel density, MVD)和环氧合酶-2(COX-2)的调控作用,为其治疗H. pylori相关性胃病提供实验依据。     

健脾解毒方对大肠癌细胞COX-2/β-catenin/MMP-7信号通路的影响

目的探讨健脾解毒方对大肠癌细胞转移能力的影响及可能的作用机制。方法采用CCK-8检测不同浓度健脾解毒方醇提物对Lo Vo细胞生长的抑制作用。分别采用健脾解毒方、过表达环氧合酶-2(COX-2)基因和(或)糖原合成激酶-3β(GSK-3β)选择性抑制剂SB-216763作用Lo Vo细胞24h,Transwell检测细胞转移能力;Western blottting检测细胞中COX-2和β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)的蛋白表达;ELISA检测细胞培养上清液中基质金属蛋白酶-7(MMP-7)表达。结果健脾解毒方能够以剂量和时间依赖性方式抑制Lo Vo细胞的生长。与空白对照组比较,健脾解毒方能够明显抑制Lo Vo细胞的转移能力(P0.01),明显下调Lo Vo细胞中COX-2蛋白表达,下调β-catenin在细胞核内的积累及其下游靶基因MMP-7的表达(P0.01)。COX-2基因能够增加β-catenin在细胞核内的积累及其MMP-7的表达,促进Lo Vo细胞转移(P0.01);而上调COX-2表达能够逆转健脾解毒方对Lo Vo细胞中β-catenin在细胞核中的积累及其MMP-7的表达和转移的抑制作用,激活β-catenin信号通路能够逆转健脾解毒方对Lo Vo细胞转移的抑制作用。结论健脾解毒方能够抑制人肠癌细胞的转移能力,其作用机制可能与抑制COX-2/β-catenin/MMP-7信号通路有关。     

伪原薯蓣皂苷对OX-LDL诱导人冠动脉平滑肌细胞COX-2表达的影响

目的:研究伪原薯蓣皂苷对氧化低密度脂蛋白(OX-LDL)诱导人血管平滑肌细胞环氧合酶-2(COX-2)表达的影响及机制。方法:培养人冠状动脉平滑肌细胞(HCASMC),加入伪原薯蓣皂苷预处理细胞24小时,加入OX-LDL诱导COX-2表达,采用RT-q PCR和Western blot方法分别检测COX-2的m RNA和蛋白表达水平,检测了与COX-2炎症信号通路相关的激酶活性。结果:伪原薯蓣皂苷(60、30、15μg/ml)为有效剂量,可显著降低OX-LDL诱导的COX-2表达,呈现剂量依赖。伪原薯蓣皂苷(60、30、15μg/ml)也明显抑制与COX-2表达相关的TLR2表达和p38MAPK等激酶活性。结论:伪原薯蓣皂苷通过影响TLR2/p38MAPK通路而抑制下游炎症介质COX-2表达,可能是抑制OX-LDL引起的平滑肌细胞炎性损伤的机制。     

健脾益肺方对肌萎缩侧索硬化hSOD1-G93A转基因小鼠脊髓p38 MAPK蛋白及炎症因子表达的影响

目的:探讨健脾益肺方对hSOD1-G93A转基因小鼠p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase,p38 MAPK)蛋白及炎症因子表达的影响。方法:将24只8周龄的SPF级hSOD1-G93A转基因小鼠随机分为模型组、健脾益肺方(2.86,5.72,11.44 g·kg~(-1))组,每组6只。8周龄SPF级同窝出生正常野生型小鼠6只作为正常组。模型组和正常组予生理盐水灌胃,药物组予不同剂量的中药灌胃,每日1次,共120 d。用免疫荧光法(immunofluorescence)检测小鼠脊髓小胶质细胞的活化情况,p38 MAPK,p-p38 MAPK蛋白的荧光强度核浆比,蛋白质免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测小鼠脊髓p38MAPK,p-p38 MAPK,肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)及环氧化酶-2(COX-2)蛋白的表达。结果:与正常组比较,模型组、健脾益肺方(2.86 g·kg~(-1))组小胶质细胞激活数明显增多(P0.05,P0.01),p38 MAPK,p-p38 MAPK荧光强度核浆比显著升高(P0.01),与模型组比较,健脾益肺方(5.72,11.44 g·kg~(-1))组小胶质细胞激活数及所占总数比例显著减少(P0.01),p38 MAPK,p-p38 MAPK荧光强度核浆比显著下降(P0.01);与正常组比较,模型组、健脾益肺方(2.86 g·kg~(-1))组p38 MAPK,p-p38 MAPK,COX-2,TNF-α蛋白表达明显升高(P0.05,P0.01),与模型组相比,健脾益肺方(5.72,11.44 g·kg~(-1))组p38 MAPK,p-p38 MAPK,COX-2,TNF-α蛋白表达显著降低(P0.01)。结论:健脾益肺方可能通过介导p38MAPK通路抑制p38 MAPK蛋白磷酸化,以浓度依赖性抑制小胶质细胞的活化,下调p38 MAPK蛋白及炎症因子的表达,从而发挥神经保护作用。     

健脾补肾益肺方改善慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠气流受限的机制研究

目的观察健脾补肾益肺方对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)大鼠COX-2和p38MAPK蛋白的影响,研究其改善气流受限的作用机制。方法将40只Wistar大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、COX-2抑制剂组、健脾补肾益肺方组,每组10只。模型组、COX-2抑制剂组、健脾补肾益肺方组采用气管滴注脂多糖加熏香烟方法建立COPD大鼠模型。COX-2抑制剂组给予塞来昔布[10 mg/(kg·d)]灌胃,健脾补肾益肺方组给予健脾补肾益肺方[合生药量25.2 g/(kg·d)]灌胃,正常组和模型组予同等体积的生理盐水灌胃。采用动物肺功能分析系统测定各组大鼠FEV0.3、FVC、PEF、MMEF并留取标本。采用免疫组织化学法测定各组大鼠肺组织COX-2、p38MAPK蛋白的表达量。结果模型组、COX-2抑制剂组及健脾补肾益肺方组大鼠FEV0.3、FEV0.3/FVC、PEF、MMEF较正常组显著降低(P0.01);COX-2抑制剂组、健脾补肾益肺方组大鼠FEV0.3、FEV0.3/FVC、PEF、MMEF较模型组显著增高(P0.01);健脾补肾益肺方组大鼠MMEF较COX-2抑制剂显著增高(P0.05)。模型组、COX-2抑制剂组、健脾补肾益肺方组大鼠肺组织COX-2、p38MAPK的表达较正常组显著增加(P0.01或P0.05);COX-2抑制剂组、健脾补肾益肺方组大鼠肺组织COX-2的表达较模型组显著降低(P0.01);健脾补肾益肺方组大鼠p38MAPK的表达较模型组、COX-2抑制剂组显著降低(P0.05)。结论健脾补肾益肺方通过抑制COPD大鼠的COX-2表达,改善气流受限;可能与下调p38MAPK的表达有关。     

黄芪对肝纤维化大鼠肝损伤保护作用及机制研究

目的:研究黄芪对肝纤维化大鼠肝损伤的保护作用及相关机制。方法:将SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、肝纤维化模型组、黄芪后处理组和阳性对照组,检测各组大鼠血清中ALT、AST活性和TBIL水平变化; 逆转录-聚合酶链反应检测各组大鼠肝脏组织5种主要致纤维化因子p38MAPK、TGF -β1、α-SMA、CTGF和Collegen Ⅳ mRNA表达水平; 免疫印迹法检测p38MAPK信号通路上下游蛋白MKK3和ATF-2的表达变化。结果:与肝纤维化模型组比较,黄芪后处理组大鼠血清中ALT、AST和TBIL水平明显降低(P<0.05),肝纤维病理变化明显减轻,p38MAPK、MKK3和ATF-2蛋白表达量均降低(P<0.05)。结论:黄芪通过p38MAPK信号通路对实验性肝纤维化大鼠肝损伤具有效的保护作用。     

胃肠安颗粒通过RUFY3抑制人胃癌MKN45细胞侵袭转移

目的:研究健脾复方胃肠安颗粒抑制人胃癌MKN45细胞侵袭转移的分子机制.方法:体外培养人胃癌MKN45细胞,采用细胞增殖与活性检测(CCK-8)检测不同质量浓度的胃肠安颗粒(600,900,1 200,1 500 mg·L-1)与人胃癌MKN45细胞共孵育24,48,72 h,对细胞增殖活力的影响;采用蛋白免疫印迹法(...     

基于P38 MAPK信号通路探讨扶正利湿抗癌方含药血清对前列腺癌LNCaP细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的：研究扶正利湿抗癌方含药血清对LNCaP细胞增殖、凋亡及p38 MAPK通路的作用。方法：应用CCK-8法观察扶正利湿抗癌方含药血清对LNCaP细胞的增殖抑制作用,以流式细胞仪分析扶正利湿抗癌方含药血清对LNCaP细胞凋亡的影响,Western Blot法检测LNCaP细胞p38 MAPK、p-p38MAPK、Bax、Bcl-2、Caspase-3、p53等蛋白的表达。结果：扶正利湿抗癌方含药血清能够以剂量依赖性地抑制LNCaP细胞增殖并诱导其凋亡,上调p-p38 MAPK、Bax、Caspase-3及p53蛋白表达,下调Bcl-2蛋白表达水平。结论：扶正利湿抗癌方含药血清可能通过激活p38 MAPK信号传导通路抑制LNCaP细胞增殖并促进其凋亡。     

健脾解毒方介导JNK/SAPK信号通路调控人结肠癌细胞多药耐药

目的:探讨健脾解毒方(JPJD)介导JNK/SAPK信号通路对人结肠癌细胞多药耐药的调节机制。方法:人结肠癌细胞HCT8和多药耐药细胞HCT8/V常规培养,应用Western Blot检测健脾解毒方药物血清对P-糖蛋白(P-gp)以及c-Jun氨基端激酶(JNK)信号通路中c-Jun63/73磷酸化水平;RFQ-PCR检测MDR1 mRNA的表达;电感耦合等离子质谱法(ICP-MS)检测细胞内奥沙利铂(L-OHP)药物浓度的改变。结果:人结肠癌多药耐药细胞HCT8/V的P-gp和c-Jun的磷酸化表达明显高于HCT8细胞;与对照组比较,健脾解毒方药物血清作用48h后HCT8/V细胞的c-Jun的Ser63/73磷酸化、P-gp、MDR1 mRNA水平显著降低(P0.01),细胞组内L-OHP浓度明显增高(P0.01)。结论:健脾解毒方通过降低c-Jun的Ser63/73磷酸化,抑制JNK信号通路的激活,降低P-gp的表达,逆转HCT8/V细胞的多药耐药。     

健脾解毒方对幽门螺杆菌诱发胃癌血管新生的抑制研究

目的:探讨健脾解毒方在幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter priori,H.pylori)长期感染诱发C57BL/6小鼠胃癌过程中对微血管密度(microvessel density,MVD)和血管新生相关基因的调控作用,为其治疗H.priori感染相关胃病提供实验依据.方法:采用H.pylori标准株SS1 ig的...     

Flower extract of Panax notoginseng attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response via blocking of NF-κB signaling pathway in murine macrophages

Aim of the study

The root of Panax notoginseng (PN) is commonly used to treat chronic liver disease with its therapeutic abilities to stop haemorrhage in the circulation, while the PN flower (PN-F) is largely unknown in the biological activities on inflammation and mechanisms of its actions. In this study, the pharmacologic effects of PN-F methanol extract on inflammation were investigated to address potential therapeutic or toxic effects in LPS-stimulated mouse macrophage cells, RAW264.7 cells.

Materials and methods

Production of NO, PGE₂ and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) in supernatant, the expression of iNOS, COX-2 and cytokines, the phosphorylation of MAPK moleduces (ERK1/2, JNK and p38 MAPK), and the activation of NF-κB in PN-F extract were assayed in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.

Results

PN-F extract significantly inhibited the productions of NO, PGE₂, TNF-α and IL-1β on the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, PN-F extract suppressed the mRNA and protein expressions of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α and IL-1β in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The molecular mechanism of PN-F extract-mediated attenuation in RAW264.7 cells has close a relationship to suppressing the phosphorylation of MAPK molecules such as ERK1/2, JNK and p38 MAPK, and the translocation of NF-κB p65 subunit into nuclear.

Conclusion

These results indicate that PN-F extract inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory response via the blocking of NF-κB signaling pathway in macrophages, and demonstrated that PN-F extract possesses anti-inflammatory properties in vitro.     

Differentiation of bel-7402 human hepatocarcinoma cells induced by aqueous extracts of fresh gecko (AG) and its anti-tumor activity in vivo

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Gecko, a kind of reptile, has been widely used as a traditional Chinese medicine to treat various diseases including cancer in China for thousands of years. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-tumor effect of AG (aqueous extracts of fresh gecko) on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell Bel-7402 in vitro and mouse H22 hepatocellular in vivo. Further to underlie the molecular mechanism of AG inducing the differentiation of Bel-7402 cells.

Materials and methods

AG was obtained by water extracting method and qualitatively analyzed through High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The total protein concentration of AG was measured by BCA (bicinchoninic acid disodium) assay. The anti-tumor activities in vivo were analyzed through H22 (mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cell line H22) tumor xenografts mice. The cytotoxic activity of AG on Bel-7402 cells was evaluated by MTT assays. AFP (alpha fetoprotein) was detected by radioimmunoassay. ALB (albumin), ALP (alkaline phosphatase) and γ-GT (γ-glutamyl transpeptidase) were detected by biochemical methods with commercial kits. While morphological changes were observed through an inverted microscope. Moreover, the expression level of the proteins involved in MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signal pathway which was closely related to cellular differentiation was assessed by Western blot.

Results

AG showed obviously anti-tumor activity in vivo and anti-proliferative activity on Bel-7402 cells in vitro both dose-dependently. The number of clones of Bel-7402 cells treated with AG reduced and the cells were displaying differentiation state such as relatively bigger size and dispersed growth. The biochemical function markers of the cells were significantly changed after being treated with AG. The data showed that AFP secretion of the cells decreased 42.5%, ALB secretion increased 58.9%, the activity of ALP and γ-GT markedly decreased 67.0% and 48.5% separately when the concentration of AG was 10 μl/ml, and those effects were all in a dose-dependent manner. The major original and phosphorylated signal proteins (ERK1/2 (extracellular sigal-regualted kinase 1/2), P38 (p38 MAPK) and JNK1/2 (c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2)) involved in MAPK signal pathway were measured and the results showed that AG activated the ERK1/2 of Bel-7402 cells.

Conclusions

AG has anti-tumor activity in vivo and inhibits Bel-7402 cell proliferation in vitro through inducing cell differentiation, and the mechanism involves the activation of ERK1/2.     

补肾活血方通过p38 MAPK信号通路影响人成骨细胞功能的机制

目的：观察补肾活血方含药血清对人成骨细胞功能及其对p38 MAPK信号转导通路的活性影响,探讨补肾活血方防治骨质疏松症的作用机制。方法：将人成骨细胞株分为Control组、补肾活血方含药血清组（Z组）、含药血清＋p38抑制剂SB203580组（Z＋SB组）,采用四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法（MTT）检测各组成骨细胞的增殖情况,通过PNPP法分析检测成骨细胞碱性磷酸酶（ALP）的活性,采用免疫印迹（Western blot）法检测和磷酸化p38（p-p38）的表达水平。结果：补肾活血方含药血清能刺激成骨细胞的增殖,使分化增强,与Control组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.01）;阻断p38 MAPK信号转导通路后,与Z组比较,对成骨细胞的增殖无明显抑制（P〉0.05）,而对成骨细胞的分化功能有显著抑制作用（P〈0.01）;Western blot结果显示,补肾活血方含药血清能刺激p-p38表达,阻断p38 MAPK信号转导通路后,p-p38含量明显减少（P〈0.01）。结论：补肾活血方可能通过p38 MAPK通路调控促进成骨细胞分化的功能,起到防治骨质疏松症的作用。     

动脉粥样硬化家兔蛋白质硝基化修饰及补肾抗衰片干预研究

目的：研究补肾抗衰片对家兔动脉粥样硬化（AS）病变后血管组织蛋白质硝基化修饰的影响。方法：56只日本大耳白兔随机分为正常组（NOR）、模型组（CHOL）、补肾抗衰片组（BSKS,1 g·kg^-1·d^-1）、辛伐他汀组（SIMVA,5 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）;各组分别于给药前、给药后8,12,16周采血,最后1次采血后处死动物,无菌条件下取主动脉,检测血清环氧合酶-2（COX-2） 活性以及一氧化氮（NO）、3-硝基酪氨酸（3-NT）水平,检测主动脉诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）mRNA、p38 MAPK mRNA的表达,p38 MAPK阳性面积以及eNOS蛋白水平。结果：与正常组比较,动脉粥样硬化造模的不同时期都可检测到 iNOS表达和蛋白质酪氨酸的硝基化,模型组内膜明显增厚、纤维帽较薄,斑块内有大量脂质沉积,血清3-NT水平明显升高,补肾抗衰片干预后,血清3-NT水平下降,NO水平明显升高,而COX-2活性没有明显变化;免疫组化染色发现,主动脉p38 MAPK mRNA,iNOS mRNA基因在正常组仅有少量表达,AS病变组p38 MAPK mRNA,iNOS mRNA表达增加;与模型组比较,补肾抗衰片也明显降低了家兔p38 MAPK水平;p38 MAPK mRNA,iNOS mRNA基因表达明显下降,辛伐他汀也有类似的抑制硝基化效应。结论：动脉粥样硬化时,组织蛋白质酪氨酸发生硝基化损伤,中药复方制剂补肾抗衰片在AS病变中具有重要的抗硝基化作用,其保护机制可能是通过调控p38 MAPK mRNA,iNOS mRNA基因的表达以及影响iNOS/NO-COX-2通路中相关酶的活性,同时补肾抗衰片可能通过对抗硝基化反应稳定动脉粥样硬化斑块。