葛根素前体脂质体的质量考察

目的:制备葛根素前体脂质体,并对制剂质量进行考察。方法:采用山梨醇载体沉积法制备葛根素前体脂质体,并对制剂的形态学、包封率、粒径分布、体外释药、稳定性等性质进行考察。结果:本实验制备的脂质体形态多为圆形或椭圆形,平均粒径为278nm,Zeta电位为-17.5mV,包封率为(43.5±1.3)%,体外释药符合一级动力学方程,常温放置稳定。结论:葛根素前体脂质体包封率较高,具有一定的缓释效果,稳定性较好。     

洛伐他汀自组装前体脂质体的制备及其理化性质的研究

目的:为研究洛伐他汀新剂型,制备洛伐他汀新型前体脂质体,并对其质量进行考察。方法:采用一种新型前体脂质体制备方法将洛伐他汀制成自组装前体脂质体,对水合后脂质体的形态、粒径、Zeta电位、包封率、自组装速度、稳定性等进行考察,验证这种新型前体脂质体制备方法用于制备洛伐他汀脂质体的可行性。结果:所形成的洛伐他汀脂质体包封率为95.4%±6.7%,平均粒径为(327.4±29.6)nm,Zeta电位值为-(22.4±1.5)mV。洛伐他汀自组装前体脂质体可在60 s内自发形成脂质体并达到分散平衡;以人工胃液为稀释介质,洛伐他汀脂质体在12 h内稳定。结论:采用新型前体脂质体制备方法可将洛伐他汀制成洛伐他汀脂质体,形成的脂质体包封率较高且具有良好的稳定性。     

川陈皮素自组装前体脂质体的制备及其大鼠体内药代动力学研究

本文研制川陈皮素自组装前体脂质体, 并以混悬剂为对照考察其经大鼠灌胃给药后的药代动力学行为。采用一种新型前体脂质体法制备川陈皮素自组装前体脂质体, 考察其水合后粒径、包封率和稳定性等理化性质; 大鼠分别灌胃给予川陈皮素混悬剂和水合后的脂质体, 以尼莫地平为内标, 采用HPLC法测定血浆中药物浓度, 用Kinatica 4.4程序计算药代动力学参数。制得的川陈皮素前体脂质体经水合后包封率可达80%以上,平均粒径为212.1 nm, 稳定性好; 药代动力学研究显示,与混悬剂相比川陈皮素脂质体在体内吸收较快, 相对生物利用度为264.3%, MRT增加。结果表明, 川陈皮素自组装前体脂质体制备工艺简单可行; 川陈皮素制成自组装前体脂质体后, 大鼠口服吸收显著增加。     

紫杉醇长循环热敏前体脂质体的制备与表征

目的:研究紫杉醇长循环热敏前体脂质体的制备并对其性质进行考察.方法:采用薄膜分散法制备紫杉醇长循环热敏脂质体,再用冷冻干燥技术制备紫杉醇长循环热敏前体脂质体;采用激光粒度仪考察粒径和Zeta电位;采用高效液相色谱法研究其含量与包封率;并考察脂质体的体外释药特性.结果:紫杉醇长循环热敏前体脂质体水合后形成紫杉醇长循环热敏脂质体,粒径均值为(108.6 ±3.6)nm,Zeta电位的均值为(-12.2±1.8)mV,包封率可达96.2％;该脂质体在相变温度42℃下药物释放达到95％以上.结论:紫杉醇长循环热敏前体脂质体的制备工艺稳定,载药量大,包封率高,具有良好的热敏性;含量及其包封率测定方法简单、快速、准确.本实验可为紫杉醇静脉注射用新制剂的开发提供研究基础.     

水溶性壳聚糖包覆多西他赛纳米脂质体的制备及性能研究

目的:制备羧甲基壳聚糖包衣多西他赛纳米脂质体,并考察其体外释放度。方法:采用薄膜分散法制备多西他赛阳离子脂质体,并用不同浓度的羧甲基壳聚糖包覆阳离子脂质体;用超滤法测定其包封率;用激光电位粒径测定仪分别测定其Zeta电位和粒径大小,并用透射电镜观察其形态;用透析法考察其体外释药性质。结果:所制的羧甲基壳聚糖包覆的脂质体包封率达99.98%;Zeta电位为-12.8 mV,平均粒径为(150±17)nm。结论:本实验制备的羧甲基壳聚糖包衣多西他赛纳米脂质体具有高包封率,粒径大小均匀,体外能显著延缓药物释放的性质。     

两亲性壳聚糖包覆紫杉醇脂质体的制备及体外释放研究

目的:制备两亲性壳聚糖N-辛基-N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖包覆紫杉醇脂质体(PTX-LP-OCC),并考察其理化性质及体外释放行为。方法:采用基于乙醇的前体脂质体法制备紫杉醇脂质体并以OCC包覆,并以普通脂质体(PTX-LP)为对照,测定其包封率、粒径大小、电位,观测其形态及稳定性,然后采用全体液平衡反向透析法研究体外释放行为。结果:紫杉醇脂质体包封率为89.5%,粒径为236.5 nm,Zeta电位为-31.4 mV,多糖包覆修饰后药物包封率无显著变化,粒径及Zeta电位显著增加,脂质体稳定性显著提高,药物释放呈缓释特征,且突释显著降低。结论:两亲性壳聚糖包覆脂质体是一个有前景的抗肿瘤药物递送载体     

脒修饰的包载荧光探针香豆素-6脂质体的制备

目的研究3,5-二-十五烷氧基苯甲脒(DBH)修饰的香豆素-6脂质体的制备工艺,并初步考察该脂质体的体外释放性能和肾小球靶向性。方法首先合成DBH。再以其为配基,胆固醇、大豆磷脂为载体材料,采用薄膜分散-超声法制备脒修饰的载香豆素-6荧光探针脂质体,考察其粒径分布、Zeta电位、包封率及体外累积释药率。结果脒基修饰的香豆素-6脂质体形态圆整,粒径分布为120.7±2.4 nm,Zeta电位为12.6±1.6 m V,包封率为99.7%±1.8%,体外的48 h累积释药量小于2%。结论脒基修饰的香豆素-6脂质体的制备工艺简便易操作,包封率高,性质稳定。     

水飞蓟素前体脂质体的制备和大鼠药代动力学的研究水飞蓟素前体脂质体的制备和大鼠药代动力学的研究

目的为了提高水飞蓟素的口服生物利用度，研制水飞蓟素前体脂质体并对其理化性质进行考察；研究水飞蓟素前体脂质体的大鼠体内生物利用度。方法采用薄膜载体沉积法制备水飞蓟素前体脂质体，通过研究水合后脂质体的包封率、粒径、稳定性来考察其理化性质；将水飞蓟素前体脂质体在体外进行水合，再给予大鼠灌胃，用RP-HPLC法测定不同时间血浆中总的和游离的水飞蓟素的浓度，通过3P97程序计算药代动力学参数。结果用该法制得的前体脂质体包封率可达90%以上，平均粒径为238.8 nm，稳定性较好；药代动力学研究表明水飞蓟素脂质体在体内吸收较快，生物利用度较高。结论采用薄膜载体沉积法制备水飞蓟素前体脂质体，制备工艺简单，易于工业化生产；将水飞蓟素制备成前体脂质体提高了水飞蓟素的生物利用度。     

全反式维甲酸前体脂质体的制备及体外评价

目的:制备维甲酸前体脂质体,并对其体外性质进行考察。方法:采用乙醇注入结合冷冻干燥法制备前体脂质体;微柱离心-高效液相色谱法测定脂质体的包封率;并进一步对其粒径、Zeta电位、血浆释放率及乙醇残留量进行测定。结果:所制备的前体脂质体包封率为95.2%,Zeta电位为-(28.4±17.5)mV,粒径为(170±29)nm,乙醇残留量为3.98%。结论:乙醇注入结合冷冻干燥法制备的维甲酸前体脂质体包封率高,粒径均匀,稳定性好。     

槲皮素包合物微球的制备及其体外释放研究

目的:制备槲皮素β-环糊精包合物-壳聚糖微球(QT-CD-CM),并考察其理化性质和药物体外释放性能。方法:采用有机溶剂挥发法制备槲皮素β-环糊精包合物,再用乳化分散-离子交联法、以三聚磷酸钠为交联剂制备壳聚糖微球,并考察其形态、粒径、包封率、载药量和体外释放情况。结果:制备的QT-CD-CM形态规则、均质、无粘连,平均粒径(3.327±0.124)μm,包封率为32.4%,载药量为12.3%,在5%乙醇-磷酸盐缓冲液介质中72h可以达到完全释药,释药过程符合一级动力学模型。结论:QT-CD-CM理化性质及体外释药性能良好,制备工艺简单,有望成为理想的槲皮素给药系统。     

Formulation Development and in vitro Characterization of Proliposomes for Topical Delivery of Aceclofenac

Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs are routinely prescribed for the patients with rheumatic disease and such patients are at increased risk of serious gastrointestinal complications, when non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs administered by oral route. The aim of the present study was to develop and characterized a vesicular drug carrier system (proliposome) for topical delivery of aceclofenac to overcome the problems related with oral route. Aceclofenac proliposome were prepared by the film-deposition on carriers method and characterized for size and surface morphology, drug content in both proliposomes and liposomal system, percent yield, in vitro drug release studies and drug permeation studies. The prepared system was also characterized for drug-excipients interaction by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer and stability studies. The size and surface morphology were studied using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. A spherical shape of reconstituted aceclofenac liposome with an average vesicular size of about 500 nm was observed in photomicrographs. The maximum entrapment efficiency of reconstituted liposomes was 80.31% whereas the drug content in proliposomes was found to be more than 90%. In vitro release of drug was significantly retarded indicating sustained release of aceclofenac from proliposomes. Stability study was performed at various temperatures indicating that aceclofenac proliposomes are stable at lower temperature.     

鬼臼毒素MPEG修饰脂质体的制备及体外释放的研究

目的:制备鬼臼毒素(PPT)MPEG修饰脂质体(PPT-MPL),以及考察PPT-MPL体外释放行为。方法:合成甲氧基聚乙二醇磷脂酰乙醇胺(MPEG-PE),并用薄膜分散法制备脂质体;以包封率为指标,运用正交试验法设计优化脂质体处方和工艺,采用改进的超滤法测定脂质体的包封率,以及透析法研究体外释放行为。结果:优化后的PPT-MPL平均粒径为(106.20±4.10)nm,包封率为(83.30±2.50)%;加入血浆后PPT-MPL体外释放速率比普通脂质体慢(P<0.05)。结论:该法制备PPT-MPEG修饰脂质体,具有粒径小、包封率高以及明显的缓释效果。     

姜黄素-汉防己碱共递送抗病毒复方脂质体的构建

目的：制备寡聚透明质酸衍生物 oHA 修饰的姜黄素－汉防己碱中药抗病毒脂质体,并对其进行体外释放和稳定性研究。方法用薄膜分散法制备了寡聚透明质酸衍生物修饰的姜黄素－汉防己碱脂质体,以粒径和包封率作为两个重要的参考指标,使用粒度仪测定了粒径,使用紫外分光光度法测定包封率。结果用 Box －Be-hnken 效应面优化法确定了最佳磷脂胆固醇比为2．5∶1,最佳姜黄素－汉防己碱比例为2．8∶1,寡聚透明质酸衍生物的用量为1．80％,通过最佳处方制备的脂质体的粒径是201．06 nm,包封率是70．94％。结论制备的脂质体具有良好的稳定性,均匀的粒径分布,证明了脂质体具有良好的体外释放活性,良好的稳定性,为进一步研究抗病毒联合机制奠定基础。     

Preparation and evaluation of N(3)-O-toluyl-fluorouracil-loaded liposomes

This study was aimed at developing a liposome delivery system for a new and potential antitumor lipophilic prodrug of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu)-N(3)-O-toluyl-fluorouracil (TFu), intended to improve the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of 5-Fu by oral and intravenous administration. TFu-loaded liposomes were prepared by a modified film dispersion-homogenization technique, the formulation and manufacture parameters were optimized concerning the drug encapsulation efficiency. TFu-loaded liposomes were characterized according to particle size, size distribution, zeta potential, drug entrapment efficiency, drug loading and physical stability, respectively. In vitro release characteristics, in vivo pharmacokinetic properties and bioavailabilities were also investigated. The formulated liposomes were found to be relatively uniform in size (400.5 +/- 9.6 nm) with a negative zeta potential (-6.4 +/- 0.8 mV). The drug entrapment efficiency and loading were (88.87 +/- 3.25%) and (8.89 +/- 0.19%), respectively. The physical stability experiments results indicated that lyophilized TFu-loaded liposomes were stable for at least 9 months at 4 degrees C. In vitro drug release profile of TFu-loaded liposomes followed the bi-exponential equation. The results of the pharmacokinetic studies in mice indicated that the bioavailability of TFu-loaded liposomes was higher than the suspension after oral administration, and was bioequivalent comparing with TFu 50% alcohol solution after intravenous (i.v.) administration. These results indicated that TFu-loaded liposomes were valued to develop as a practical preparation for oral or i.v. administration.     

Enhanced bioavailability of exemestane via proliposomes based transdermal delivery

Exemestane, a novel steroidal aromatase inactivator used in the treatment of advanced breast cancer has limited bioavailability (42%) due to poor solubility, extensive first-pass metabolism, and also the absorption is dependent on formulation type and food. The present study is aimed to evaluate the feasibility of proliposomes for transdermal delivery of exemestane. The prepared proliposomes were characterized for size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. The size of the vesicles was found to be between 440 and 700 nm with high entrapment efficiency for the formulation containing greater amounts of phosphatidylcholine. Differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared studies were performed to understand the phase transition behavior and mechanism for skin permeation, respectively. The drug release across cellophane membrane follows zero-order kinetics by diffusion. Ex vivo permeation enhancement assessed from flux, permeability coefficient, and enhancement ratio were significantly higher for proliposome gels compared with control. A significant improvement in the bioavailability (2.4-fold) was observed from optimized proliposome gel compared with control (oral suspension). The stability data reveal that the formulations are more stable when stored at 4°C. In conclusion, proliposomal gels offer potential and prove to be efficient carriers for improved and sustained transdermal delivery of exemestane.     

氨溴索脂质体的制备及理化性质研究

目的制备氨溴索脂质体并考察其理化性质。方法采用硫酸铵梯度法制备氨溴索脂质体,在单因素考察基础上,采用正交试验设计优化脂质体的最佳处方和工艺;用透射电镜观察脂质体的外观形态,激光散射测定ξ电位和粒度分布,UV法测定脂质体的包封率,动态膜透析法探讨氨溴索脂质体体外释药特性。结果药物孵化时的形式、孵化温度、孵化时间是影响氨溴索脂质体包封率的主要的工艺因素,正交试验设计优化的最佳处方为磷脂与胆固醇之比8∶1、药脂比为1∶8、硫酸铵浓度为0.2 mol/L,最佳处方制备的脂质体为封闭的多层囊状或多层圆球体,大小均匀,平均粒径为7.189μm,ξ电位为+10.13 mv,包封率为80%,体外释放符合双向动力学方程(rα=0.998 1和rβ=0.992 3)。结论采用硫酸铵梯度法制备的氨溴索脂质体,包封率较高,体外释药有明显的缓释效果。     

尼莫地平前体脂质体的制备及其质量评价

目的制备尼莫地平前体脂质体,并进行质量评价,以期得到高效、低毒和稳定的尼莫地平新剂型。方法采用叔丁醇-水共溶剂冻干法制备尼莫地平前体脂质体,考察了影响药物包封率的因素,并对重建脂质体的药物含量、包封率、粒径、Zeta电位、溶血性及稳定性进行考察。结果磷脂浓度、表面电荷是影响尼莫地平脂质体包封率的主要因素。尼莫地平脂质体包封率大于98%,平均粒径为57 nm,Zeta电位小于-20 mV,无溶血性,稳定性好。结论采用叔丁醇水共溶剂冻干法获得了高包封率、粒径均一、无溶血性、稳定的尼莫地平前体脂质体制剂,可用于静脉注射给药。