浅谈对老年病人的人性化护理

目的：探讨人性化护理在老年病人的应用。方法：对186例住院的老年病人应用人性化护理，关心、帮助、尊蘑和理解老年病人．用舒适的护理方式，对病人进行效果评价。结果：对护理工作的满意率达到98％。结论：应用人性化护理能满足病人的需求，提高护理工作质量．使病人舒适、安全，达到增强战胜疾病的信心，提高病人对护理工作的满意度。     

人性化护理在产科护理中应用的临床效果

目的:分析在产科护理中应用人性化护理的临床效果。方法:收集某院2012年2月~2014年8月期间诊治的152例产科患者作为研究对象,根据患者的护理方式将其分为人性化护理组(76例)与对照组(76例),对照组患者在日常护理中按照普通模式,人性化护理组则在日常护理中应用人性化护理模式,观察两组的并发症发生率、护理质量和护理满意度情况。结果:人性化护理组并发症发生率明显低于对照组(P0.05);人性化护理组患者的护理质量和护理满意度评分明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:在产科护理中应用人性化护理具有良好的临床效果,不仅能明显减少并发症的发生,还能提高护理质量和满意度,应在临床推广应用。     

人性化护理在产科护理中应用的临床效果观察

目的探讨人性化护理在产科护理中的效果。方法在产科的临床护理中实施人性化护理理念,积极营造良好的护理环境,进一步完善人性化护理模式。结果通过对产妇实施人性化护理干预,可最大限度的满足产妇要求,从而提升产科护理的满意度。结论在产科的临床护理实践中,通过对产妇实施人性化护理可关心及关注产妇的生命健康权利以及人格、尊严,可提高临床护理人员的基本素质及操作技巧,提高护理满意度。     

妇产科护理中的人性化护理探讨

社会经济的发展，推动我国医疗行业的进步。在妇产科医院中，除了医疗技术水平的不断提高，在妇产科护理中，更加注重对产妇以及产科患者的人性化护理，从而为产妇以及产科患者提供良好的护理环境，促进产妇以及产科患者术后的康复。本文主要探讨了妇产科护理中的人性化护理。希望通过本文的探讨，提高妇产科护理水平．     

人性化护理在产科护理中的效果评价

目的研究人性化护理在产科护理中的作用,提高以人为本的个性化服务水平。方法通过改进和创新护理理念,创造一个优雅、舒适的人性化护理环境,打造一种主动化的护理模式。结果通过人性化的产科护理,能够更好的满足孕产妇的基本需要,提供更高质量的护理服务,提高了产科的整体护理水平。结论通过有效的采用人性化产科护理,将人文精神融入到孕产妇生命健康的护理中,极大的关注了孕产妇的人格、尊严和权利需要等,提高了产科护理质量的整体水平,同时提高护理人员的整体素质和护理满意度。     

人性化护理在产科中的应用

目的：探讨人性化护理在产科中的应用效果。方法：在产科建设中实行无缝隙关怀，开展提升护理人员人文素质、优化服务流程、美化服务环境以及把亲情服务、延伸服务落到实处。建立健全护患之间、医患之间的互通平台，以亲情、实情、温情感化患者，让其积极配合治疗后对患者进行问卷调查。结果：实行人性化护理后，有效地提高了产科护理质量，增加了患者的信任度和满意度。护理前后差异较。结论：实施人性化护理后护患关系得到了较大改善，同时也提高了整体服务质量和水平，对产妇的身心健康和医院的两个效益均有重要推动作用。     

人性化服务在监测治疗室的应用

目的：探讨人性化服务在麻醉后监测治疗室（postanesthetic care unit，PACU）的应用。方法：将人性化服务在PACU的应用具体化．对病人复苏前、复苏时、复苏后进行人性化护理。结果：我科以人性化服务方法实施人性化护理近1年，复苏前缓解病人的焦虑、恐惧情绪，复苏时能使病人平稳而舒适的度过复苏期，复苏后能使病人继续积极配合医生和护士顺利恢复。结论：复苏前、中、后采用人性化护理能使病人获得良好的护理效果。     

人性化护理模式对产科患者护理满意度的影响

目的探讨分析人性化护理模式对产科患者护理满意度的影响。方法选取我院2012年7月至2014年7月妇产科收治的80例产妇,将其分为观察组(40例)和对照组(40例),给予观察组患者行人性化护理,给予对照组患者行常规护理。对比两组患者护理满意度和产妇母婴知识掌握情况。结果观察组患者护理满意度总体评价要优于对照组,两组差异对比有统计学意义(P<0.05),结论对产科患者实施人性化护理模式能有效降低患者焦虑,改善护患关系,患者满意度高,还能提高产科护理服务质量和健康教育效果,对产科开展临床护理工作起着积极的促进作用,值得临床推广和应用。     

人性化护理在产科临床实践中的应用分析

目的探讨人性化护理在产科临床实践中的应用价值。方法以人文关怀为理念,从营造人文氛围、人性化服务语言、多种形式的健康教育、加强心理护理及拓展护理服务项目等多方面实施人性化护理,并以孕产妇的满意度来评估护理效果。结果孕产妇对护理人员的服务态度、科室医疗环境及开展的健康教育内容及形式的满意率达90%以上。结论人性化护理满足了孕产妇的需求,有利于产科整体护理质量的提高及人性化护理理念的提升,值得进一步推广应用。     

产科护理的人性化管理

目的:探讨产科护理中对孕产妇及其家属实施人性化管理的措施.方法:对在我院产科分娩的869例孕妇实施人性化管理的经验进行总结分析.结果:手术过程中医患配合程度较好,产妇在生产后能尽快恢复健康,新生儿得到了健康的生长发育.结论:人性化管理能有效缓解病人的恐惧心理和焦虑情绪,实现良好的社会效益和经济效益.     

A review of anti-inflammatory,antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects of Allium cepa and its main constituents

ContextAllium cepa L. (Liliaceae), known as onion, is consumed throughout the world. Onion and its derivatives including saponins, aglycones, quercetin, cepaenes, flavonoids, organosulfurs, and phenolic compounds, showed various pharmacological properties and therapeutic effects.ObjectiveAnti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects of A. cepa and its main constituents, along with the underlying molecular mechanisms are presented.MethodsDatabases including, Web of Knowledge, Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were checked for articles published between 1996 and the end of July 2020, using the key-words Allium cepa, quercetin, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory.ResultsA. cepa and its constituents mainly quercetin showed anti-inflammatory effects mediated via reduction of total and differential WBC counts, inhibition of chemotaxis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, COX, and LOX pathways and prevented formation of leukotrienes and thromboxanes, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) as onVCAM-1, NF-κB, MARK,d STAT-1, JNK, p38 and osteoclastogenesis. A. cepa and its derivatives showed antioxidant effect by decreasing lipid peroxidation, NAD(P)H, MDA, NO, LPO and eNOS but enhancing antioxidants such as SOD, CAT, GSH, GPx, GSPO, TrxR, SDH, GST and GR activities and thiol level. Immunomodulatory effects of the plant and quercetin was also shown by reduction of Th2 cytokines, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 as well as IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1β and TNF-α and IgE levels, but increased CD4 cells, IFN-γ level and IFN-γ/IL4 ratio (Th1/Th2 balance).ConclusionsThe effect of onion and its constituents on oxidative stress, inflammatory and immune system were shown indicating their therapeutic value in treatment of various diseases associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune-dysregulation.     

Roles of focal adhesion proteins in skeleton and diseases

The skeletal system,which contains bones,joints,tendons,ligaments and other elements,plays a wide variety of roles in body shaping,support and movement,protection of internal organs,production of blood cells and regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism.The prevalence of skeletal diseases and disorders,such as osteoporosis and bone fracture,osteoarthritis,rheumatoid arthritis,and intervertebral disc degeneration,increases with age,causing pain and loss of mobility and creating a huge social...     

聚氯乙烯和聚烯烃热塑性弹性体输液器对4种常用注射液稳定性及吸附性影响

目的：比较聚氯乙烯（PVC）输液器与聚烯烃热塑性弹性体（TPE）输液器对4种常用注射液的稳定性与吸附性的影响。方法：将乳酸环丙沙星氯化钠、左氧氟沙星氯化钠、乳酸左氧氟沙星氯化钠和托烷司琼氯化钠4种常用注射液迅速充满输液器并封存放置或正常流经输液器,采用HPLC法测定环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星和托烷司琼浓度,比较各药标示量变化,评价各药稳定性和输液器吸附性。结果：PVC和TPE输液器乳酸环丙沙星氯化钠注射液、左氧氟沙星氯化钠注射液、乳酸左氧氟沙星氯化钠注射液、托烷司琼氯化钠注射液最终（90 min）各药百分含量分别为94.11%,98.42%,98.02%,100.59%,101.91%,102.73%,99.04%,102.89%,2组含量变化无显著差异（P<0.05）,提示各药稳定。PVC和TPE输液器90 min各药百分含量分别为101.74%,100.21%,101.04%,99.37%和101.64%,103.10%,103.35%,103.27%,2组间含量变化无显著差异（P<0.05）,提示2种输液器吸附性相当。结论：PVC和TPE输液器不影响乳酸环丙沙星氯化钠注射液、左氧氟沙星氯化钠注射液、乳酸左氧氟沙星氯化钠注射液、托烷司琼氯化钠注射液的稳定性,对4种注射液中各药亦无吸附发生,可常规使用。     

槐定碱的抗肿瘤药理作用研究进展

体外实验发现槐定碱能浓度相关地抑制大肠癌LS174t细胞、SW620细胞、SW480细胞、HCT-116细胞,胃癌BGC823细胞、MGC-803细胞、SGC7901细胞、MKN45细胞、MKN28细胞,胰腺癌capan-1细胞,肝癌97H细胞、Bel细胞、HepG2细胞,食管癌EC109细胞,食管胃交界腺癌OE-19细胞、SK-GT2细胞,白血病K562细胞、HL60细胞,淋巴瘤U937细胞,骨髓瘤NS-1细胞,乳腺癌MCF-7细胞,卵巢癌PM-2细胞、SKVO3细胞,宫颈癌HeLa细胞,肺癌A549细胞、NCI细胞,DMS153细胞,黑素瘤A375细胞,舌鳞癌TCA8113细胞,神经胶质瘤U87细胞、U87MG细胞,前列腺癌PC3细胞增殖。整体实验发现槐定碱抑制SW480细胞、HCT-116细胞,白血病L1210细胞,肺癌Lewis细胞,肉瘤S180细胞、S37细胞、W256细胞、EAC细胞移植瘤在小鼠或大鼠体内生长。临床上槐定碱已被试用于治疗恶性滋养细胞肿瘤、消化道肿瘤、恶性淋巴瘤,有开发成抗肿瘤新药的潜力。     

Effects of typical and atypical antipsychotics on glucose–insulin homeostasis and lipid metabolism in first-episode schizophrenia

Rationale Glucose and lipid metabolism dysfunction is a significant side effect associated with antipsychotics. Although there are many studies about the linkages between drugs and metabolic dysfunction, most of these studies have compared the effects of two antipsychotics on only one metabolic measure: either glucose or lipid metabolism.Objectives The present study aimed to investigate the effects of clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, and sulpiride on glucose and lipid metabolism in first-episode schizophrenia.Materials and methods One hundred twelve schizophrenics were assigned randomly to receive clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, or sulpiride for 8 weeks. Planned assessments included body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, fasting glucose, insulin, C-peptide, insulin resistance index (IRI), cholesterol, and triglyceride. All measures were collected at baseline and at the end of the 8-week treatment.Results After treatment, insulin, C-peptide, and IRI were significantly increased in the four groups, but not fasting glucose levels. Cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly increased in the clozapine and olanzapine groups. Patients treated with clozapine and olanzapine had higher fasting insulin, C-peptide, and IRI levels than those treated with risperidone and sulpiride. Among the four antipsychotics, the increases of mean BMI from high to low were as follows: clozapine, olanzapine, sulpiride, and risperidone.Conclusions This study confirmed that the four antipsychotic drugs were associated with an increase of insulin, C-peptide, and IRI. It was found that clozapine and olanzapine were associated with an increase in cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The effects of clozapine and olanzapine on the glucose and lipid metabolism outweighed those of risperidone and sulpiride.     

Physiological response of carp,Cyprinus carpio,exposed to raw sewage containing fish processing wastewater

Physiological changes of carp exposed to raw sewage were investigated by the use of clinical examination methods. All carp exposed to raw sewage died within 6 h. On hour 48, 10, 40, and 90% of exposed carp survived in 60, 20, and 10% sewage, respectively. Carp exposed to 50 and 20% sewage increased ammonia, glucose, Mg, Cu, and Br, and decreased Fe and Zn in plasma. Even in 10% sewage, ammonia, glucose, and Br in plasma increased. Forty-eight hours of exposure to 50 and 20% sewage caused severe pathological changes in the gills. In the kidney, light abnormalities were observed at this time. When exposed to 50 and 20% sewage, atrioventricular conduction time and duration of electrical systole measured by electrocardiogram shortened briefly, and then extended gradually. In 50 and 20% sewage, heart rate and respiratory frequency increased briefly, and then decreased gradually. Cough reaction increased with the exposure. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Environ Toxicol Water Qual 12: 1–9, 1997     

Alpinia zerumbet,a ginger plant with a multitude of medicinal properties: An update on its research findings

In this review, the botany and uses of Alpinia zerumbet (yan shan jiang) are described, and the current knowledge of its phytochemistry, pharmacological properties, and clinical trials is summarized. An important ginger crop in East Asia, A. zerumbet has many uses, both medicinal and non-medicinal. Leaves are used to produce essential oils and herbal teas. Rhizomes are consumed as spices, and stem fibers are made into paper, fabrics, and handicrafts. In Brazil, tea from A. zerumbet leaves is believed to have hypotensive, diuretic, and anti-ulcerogenic properties. This species possesses many medicinal properties due to its chemical constituents, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, phenylpropanoids, kava pyrones, sterols, and terpenoids. Extracts of A. zerumbet display antioxidant, antimicrobial, insecticidal, anthelmintic, tyrosinase and melanogenesis inhibitory, anti-atherogenic, anti-aging, anti-glycation, integrase and neuraminidase inhibitory, lifespan prolongation, hair growth promotion, anticancer, antidepressant, anxiolytic, anti-obesity, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-platelet, osteoblastic, osteogenic, thrombolytic, and cardiacarrhythmogenic activities. Essential oils of A. zerumbet leaves have antimicrobial, larvicidal, antinociceptive, hypotensive, vasorelaxant, myorelaxant, antispasmodic, antidepressant, anxiolytic, anti-neuraminidase, anti-atherogenic, anti-aging, anti-melanogenic, anti-tyrosinase, cytoprotective, cardiodepressive, antipsychotic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and tissue healing activities.Clinical trials conducted in Brazil showed that extracts of A. zerumbet have hypotensive and diuretic effects whereas topical application of the essential oil has positive therapeutic effects on patients with fibromyalgia. Spanning two continents of Asia and South America, A. zerumbetis truly a multi-purpose ginger plant with promising medicinal properties.     

氧化苦参碱防治高血糖、高血脂症及其并发症的药理作用及机制研究进展

氧化苦参碱可防治高糖、高脂引起的心血管并发症，脂肪肝并发症，糖尿病视网膜病变，糖尿病肾病以及肺、骨并发症。氧化苦参碱防治这些并发症的药理机制可能归因于：降血糖、调血脂及抗氧化作用，从源头上减少了氧化型低密度脂蛋白和糖基化终末产物的生成；抗氧化、抗炎和细胞保护作用可保护肝脏，促进肝糖原合成，在脂质转运、氧化和合成3个环节改善脂质代谢紊乱，产生降血糖、调血脂作用，也可保护受累的心血管系统、肾脏、肝脏、视网膜、肺和骨等其他器官，减轻胰岛素抵抗，提高胰岛素敏感性。因此氧化苦参碱有望开发为治疗代谢综合征的药物。     

Neuropharmacological studies of phencyclidine (PCP)-induced behavioral stimulation in mice

A variety of drugs were screened to determine which were capable of blocking the behavioral stimulation produced in mice by acute administration of phencyclidine (PCP). Chlorpromazine and clozapine blocked PCP-induced stimulation, while haloperidol, reserpine, and alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine did not. The GABA receptor agonists imidazole acetic acid and muscimol blocked PCP, but other drugs that influence GABA, such as dipropylacetic acid, baclofen, and diazepam, were ineffective. Yohimbine and methysergide also blocked PCP in high dosages, but other drugs with comparable alpha-noradrenergic and serotonergic blocking properties (phentolamine, cyproheptadine, and cinnanserin) were ineffective. Cholinergic and anticholinergic drugs, beta-noradrenergic and opiate antagonists, and nonspecific sedatives and convulsants were also ineffective. These finding suggest that chlorpromazine, clozapine, yohimbine, and methysergide may share a property that is unlike their primary known modes of action on dopaminergic, alphanoradrenergic, and serotonergic neurotransmitter systems, and that this property accounts for their ability to block PCP. However, the effectiveness of GABA agonists appears to be mediated through direct activation of GABA receptors. It is suggested that chlorpromazine and imidazole acetic acid should be considered as possible drug treatments for PCP toxicity.     

消风止痒颗粒中毛蕊花糖苷、焦地黄苯乙醇苷B1、升麻素苷、升麻素、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、亥茅酚苷、苍术素醇、白术内酯Ⅱ和苍术素的HPLC法测定及其化学计量学综合评价

目的建立HPLC法同时测定消风止痒颗粒中毛蕊花糖苷、焦地黄苯乙醇苷B1、升麻素苷、升麻素、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、亥茅酚苷、苍术素醇、白术内酯Ⅱ和苍术素,并采用化学计量学方法对检测结果进行综合评价。方法采用Agilent Zorbax SB-C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);以乙腈-0.2%磷酸溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱;检测波长:330 nm(0~14 min检测毛蕊花糖苷和焦地黄苯乙醇苷B1)、254 nm(14~31 min检测升麻素苷、升麻素、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷和亥茅酚苷)、270 nm(31~55 min检测苍术素醇、白术内酯Ⅱ和苍术素);体积流量0.9 mL/min;柱温25℃;进样量10μL。采用SPSS26.0统计软件对消风止痒颗粒中9种成分进行聚类分析和主成分分析。结果毛蕊花糖苷、焦地黄苯乙醇苷B1、升麻素苷、升麻素、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、亥茅酚苷、苍术素醇、白术内酯Ⅱ和苍术素分别在2.53~63.25、1.09~27.25、8.17~204.25、2.38~59.50、4.07~101.75、1.74~43.50、0.66~16.50、1.47~36.75、2.86~71.50μg/m L线性关系良好;平均回收率分别为99.01%、98.17%、100.13%、97.63%、98.72%、97.22%、96.93%、99.24%、100.01%,RSD值分别为1.42%、1.26%、0.72%、1.55%、0.84%、1.06%、1.18%、0.67%、0.95%;11批样品聚类分析为3类,主成分1~3是影响消风止痒颗粒质量评价的主要因子。结论该方法操作简便、重复性好,可作为消风止痒颗粒中多指标成分质量评价模式。