Effect of hemodilution and hemoconcentration on postischemic alterations of microvessels in rabbit paired auricles

Morphometric parameters of microvessels in paired rabbit ears and blood sampled from the internal vein were studied after ischemia reproduced under conditions of prior hemodilution and hemoconcentration. In hemodilution the postischemic alterations were found to be more pronounced in microvessels of the left ear, while for the right the same was true for rheological characteristics of the outflowing blood. Under conditions of hemoconcentration after ischemia the changes in rheological indexes were more marked on the left and in vasomotor indexes on the right. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 3, pp. 352–354, March, 1996 Presented by V. V. Kupriyanov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Responses of microvasculature in the paired cheek pouches of hamsters to blood loss and blood substitution

Comparison of arteriolar and venular responses in the left and right cheek pouches of hamsters to blood loss and blood substitution showed that blood loss led to a greater constriction of arterioles and venules in the right pouch than in the left and that blood substitution decreased arteriolar constriction and restored venular size in the right pouch, but resulted in a more marked constriction of both arterioles and venules in the left pouch. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 1, pp. 30–32, January, 1996 Presented by V. V. Kupriyanov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

The asymmetry phenomenon in responses of frog lingual microvessels

Qualitative evaluations and measurements of morphometric paramaters (area, length, and diameter) performed in symmetrical fragments of the vascular bed of 30 frog tongues before, during, and after the production of local ischemia on the ipsi-or contralateral side reveal morphological and functional asymmetries in microvessels on the two sides of the tongue. Two groups of individuals, tentatively designated as “right-dominant” and “left-dominant,” are identified. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 9, pp. 319–323, September, 1994 (Presented by V. V. Kupriyanov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences)     

Reactions of pulmonary phagocytes following partial hepatectomy

Zymosan administration into the trachea of rats led to intensified infiltration of the lungs by macrophages which migrated to alveolar and bronchial cavities, and the inflow of these cells was accompanied by their increased chemiluminescence and by elevation in acid phosphatase and cathepsin D activities. After partial hepatectomy, the zymosan-induced inflow of cells into the airways was much less pronounced, and no enzyme activation was observed, but the chemiluminescence of airway cells remained high. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 5, pp. 477–479, May, 1995 Presented by V. P. Kaznacheev, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Responses of the arterial and venous vessels of the skeletal muscle to norepinephrine following damage to their endothelium

The functional activity of vascular endothelium in a muscle preparation from the feline gastrocnemius is impaired with ethanol, which results in an increase of an adrenergic responsiveness of the arterial compartment of the vascular bed. The exchange function of the microvessels changes little. Veins exhibit nonuniform changes in their responsiveness after exposure of their endotheliocytes to ethanol. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 9, pp. 315–318, September, 1994     

Analysis of changes in the electroencephalogram power spectrum on a new model of brain ischemia in rats

The bioelectrical activity is studied in the left and right parietal cortex by recording the power spectrum of the electroencephalogram in brain ischemia caused by complete ligation of the left common carotid artery and 50% reduction of the blood flow in the right common carotid artery in experiments carried out on nonnarcotized Wistar rats. Ischemia results in marked and stable disorders in the bioelectrical activity manifested in a decrease of the total EEG power, depression of the dominating frequency in the Θ-range, increase of the δ-range power, and interhemispheric asymmetry of some spectrogram parameters. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny Vol. 118, N ^o 12, pp. 565–567, December, 1994 Presented by E. D. Gol'dberg, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Ultrastructural stereological analysis of absolute parameters of cardiomyocytes exposed to contrasting temperature effects

It is shown that moderate low and superlow temperatures as well as general overheating of the organism cause a marked decrease in the total volume of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic matrix in cardiomyocytes of the left ventricle. These alterations develop in all cases and do not depend on changes (an increase or decrease) in the heart mass. The most pronounced alterations in the total volume and area of the main organelles of cardiomyocytes are noted after general cooling of the organism. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 10, pp 437–441, October, 1995 Presented by V. V. Lyakhovich, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Hemispheric peculiarities of serotonin involvement in the processing of relevant and irrelevant information in mice

Stimulus-dependent hemispheric-regional changes are found in the activity of the serotoninergic system. Determination of stimulus novelty is provided by a decrease of serotonin and its metabolite content in the frontal cortex of the left hemisphere as well as in the striatum without the effect of lateralization. Presentation of an extinct stimulus is attended by a serotonin increase in the hippocampus of the left hemisphere and in the amygdaloid complex of both hemispheres. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 3, pp. 279–281, March, 1996 Presented by V. A. Trufakin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effects of an organophosphorus compound on pulmonary and systemic circulations

Shortly (30–90 min) after an intragastric administration of the organophosphorus pesticide Anthio to cats, their cardiac output begins to decrease and the right ventricular output decreased to a greater extent than the left. Blood is redistributed to the greater circulation with a diminution of blood flow in the pulmonary lobar vessels. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 1, pp. 18–21, January, 1994     

Reactivity of the conjunctival microcirculatory bed in students from various regions of the world as an indicator of adaptation of the organism

Microcirculatory vessels of the eyeball conjunctiva were examined during exercise in students from Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The reactivity of microvessels was found to be increased at the early stages of adaptation, which indicates a high-level compensatory potential of the organism. An appreciable reduction of microvessel reactivity after 1 to 2 years of university studies indicates a decrease of the compensatory potential in this period of adaptation. After 4–5 years of studies the reactivity of the microvessels is virtually the same in foreign and Russian students, this indicating the formation of a stable phase of adaptation. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 4, pp. 423–426, April, 1995 Presented by N. A. Agadzhanyan, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Impact of preliminary gamma-irradiation on the pattern of change in vascular tone after intravenous injection ofNeisseria meningitidis lipopolysaccharide in rats

It is shown on rats that intravenous administration of theNeisseria menignitidis lipopolysaccharide lowers the mean arterial pressure, myocardial contractility and vascular tone in the system of the left carotid artery. In rats exposed to gamma radiation and then to the lipopolysaccharide, the decrease in myocardial contractility and the degree of arterial hypotension were more pronounced than in those exposed to the lipopolysaccharide alone, but the vascular tone in the carotid artery system was reduced to a lesser extent. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 8, pp. 129–131, August, 1995 Presented by V. A. Matyukhin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Characterization of cardiac function in hypertensive rats of the NISAG strain (an ECG study)

Analysis of ECGs recorded in 3 standard leads, 3 augmented limb leads, and 3 chest leads revealed typical signs of left ventricular hypertrophy with a relative deterioration of coronary blood supply in NISAG rats, a new strain with hereditary arterial hypertension. These signs are considered to be characteristic of an established arterial hypertension and may be taken as evidence that the NISAG strain can serve as an adequate animal model of human hypertensive disease. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 7 pp. 17–18, July, 1994 Presented by V. A. Trufakin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Morphometric analysis of liver acini in endotoxicoses caused by peritonitis and gangrene of the leg

Morphometric and information analysis is used to quantify the structural changes occurring in the liver and to reveal the specific features of damage to different zones of acini in peritonitis and gangrene of the leg. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 5, pp. 547–549, May, 1994 Presented by V. V. Kupriyanov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Asymmetry during regeneration of microvessels in rabbit ear

General principle of development, the left-to-right gradient of maturation, is valid for the regeneration of microvessels in rabbit ear. This manifests itself in a more rapid regeneration of microvessels of the left ear. The right ear is characterized by excessive regeneration which then decreases to the normal. Dalargin has different effects on microvessels in different ears: in the left ear the peptide inhibits revascularization, while in the right ear it accelerates the process of revascularization. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 123, No. 3, pp. 343–345, March, 1997     

Alterations in cardiac function in response to epinephrine in rats with hereditary hypertension (An ECG study)

A comparative electrocardiographic evaluation of changes in cardiac function in rats with hereditary arterial hypertension (NISAG strain) and normotensive (Wistar) rats in response to a single epinephrine injection revealed much more pronounced changes in NISAG rats, including an unfavorable time course of electrocardiographic waves (left ventricle overload) and impaired conduction (blockade) and excitability (extrasystoles). The results indicate that the myocardium of NISAG rats is much more responsive to the acute stimulation of adrenergic receptors by epinephrine than is the myocardium of normotensive rats. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 10, pp. 372–375, October, 1995 Presented by V. A. Trufakin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effect of insulin and adrenocorticotropic hormone on rat brain cortex in the early postnatal period

Administration of insulin and adrenocorticotropic hormone to 1-, 2-, and 3-day-old rats leads to an increase in the RNA and total protein contents of cortical neurons, while administration of adrenocorticotropic hormone alone increases the number of dying neurons in layer V of the cortex. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 9, pp. 305–307, September, 1995 Presented by V. A. Trufakin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Correlation of prolactin concentration with levels of other hormones and with ultrastructural morphometric parameters of the testes in the human fetus

Consideration is given to the correlations between variations of the prolactin concentration and other hormonal parameters in the human embryonic period. The interrelation between the prolactin concentration and ultrastructural parameters of the testes is also traced. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 654–656, June, 1995 Presented by O. V. Volkova, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Localization of serum immunoglobulins in tissue of rat autonomic ganglia

The distribution of immunoglobulins is studied on preparations of autonomic ganglia using an immunohistochemical technique. Perikarya of neurons are found to be highly accessible to serum macromolecules in tissue of the vagal caudal ganglion, while myenteric ganglion tissue is devoid of immunoglobulins. An individual pattern of serum immunoglobulin distribution is typical for other ganglia. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 8, pp. 192–194, August, 1995 Presented by V. V. Kupriyanov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Antithrombogenic effect of urokinase bound to collagen substrate with bifunctional antibodies

In vitro experiments simulating collagen-induced thrombogenesis in arteries damaged during angioplasty demonstrate a marked inhibitory effect of surface-bound urokinase. In contrast to free urokinase, bound enzyme is more effective in preventing platelet aggregation on the collagen surface. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 5, pp. 504–507, May, 1994 Presented by V. N. Smirnov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Mechanisms of the vasodilator effect of nitroglycerin and chlorpromazine and specificities of their interaction in a model of isolated rat thoracic aorta

The effect of nitroglycerin and chloropromazine (plegomazin) on norepinephrine-induced contraction of rat aorta rings is studied in experiments on the intact and deendothelized aorta, and the combined myolytic effect of the two preparations is assessed. A possible cross-tolerance between nitroglycerin and chloropromazine is studied in experiments simulating the development of vascular tolerance of nitroglycerin. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 9, pp. 273–276, September, 1994 Presented by P. V. Sergeev, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences