庚酸睾酮诱导的无及少精子症者生殖激素和精子功能指标变化的观察

本文报道两组接受庚酸睾酮(TE200mg/周16个月)正常育龄男子的精液分析、血清生殖激素、精子特殊功能的动态变化。结果:第一组(8名)血清 FSH、LH 和 T 给药前平均自身对照值分别为2.7、6.2IU/L和16.5nmol/L,注射后3、6、9、12个月 FSH 下降了63％;LH 下降了69.4～72.6％;T 升高176％～198％。平均经117.5±2.87天治疗后全部受试者均达到无精症,连续给药1年的女方无妊娠。3种激素在停药3个月后恢复到给药前水平,精子计数10～12个月恢复到正常范围。第二组(16名)在给药第一个月后精子计数开始下降的同时3种精子特殊功能均有显著下降,而同期精子活动率(a+b)却无显著改变。我们的结果表明:(1)同一剂量和疗程的 TE 导致中国人的无精于发生率远高于白种人,(2)这一激素方法是有效、可靠和可逆的男性避孕措施,(3)TE 的避孕机理除抑制精子发生外,似还有精子功能的早期损伤的抗生育效应。这一机理不同于 GnRH 拮抗剂(Nal-glu),后者仅降低精子计数和活动率,而无精子多元运动速度指标的任何改变。     

睾酮体外对人精子运动参数的影响

目的通过研究睾酮体外对人精子运动参数的影响,探讨睾酮在男性不育症治疗中的作用。方法10例健康生育男性手淫获得精液,经上游优化处理后的精子与不同浓度的睾酮孵育10、30、60min,10例弱精子症患者手淫取精并与睾酮孵育10、60、120min后,采用计算机辅助的精液分析系统(CASA)检测精子的运动参数。结果50ng/dl(1.73nmol/L)睾酮在体外能显著增强正常人精子的直线速度(VSL)、曲线速度(VCL)和平均速度(VAP),而对活率、前向运动百分率无明显影响,而100ng/dl(3.47nmol/L)睾酮使精子活率和前向性运动百分率均有明显下降(P<0.01);1.04nmol/L～1.73nmol/L浓度睾酮能显著增强弱精子症患者精子的活率、前向运动百分率及VSL,并随着浓度的增加,睾酮作用显著增强,而对VCL和VAP无明显影响。结论低浓度(1.04nmol/L～1.73nmol/L)睾酮在体外显著增高弱精症患者精子的运动参数。     

不同剂量的十一酸睾酮对大鼠生精功能影响

目的 :进一步了解睾丸内睾酮和生精功能的关系。　方法 :大鼠给予不同剂量的十一酸睾酮 (TU)后测定大鼠血清、睾丸间质液和睾网液内睾酮水平 ,以及附睾精子的数量、活力 ,以观察二者之间关系。结果 :大鼠给予不同剂量的十一酸睾酮后 ,睾丸内睾酮水平发生不同的变化 ,随之睾丸内生精功能也发生变化。低剂量十一酸睾酮(8mg/kg)不影响睾丸内睾酮水平 ,也不影响睾丸内的生精过程。附睾精子的数量、活动力与对照组无显著性差异。但给予超生理剂量 (30mg/kg) ,则抑制睾丸内睾酮的产生 ,睾丸内睾酮水平显著下降 ,使精子的发生明显受到抑制。而给予超大剂量的外源性睾酮 (6 2 5mg/kg) ,尽管抑制了睾丸内睾酮的产生 ,但由于补充了大量外源性睾酮 ,使睾丸内睾酮维持在正常水平。精子的发生能维持在正常水平。附睾精子的数量与活动力与对照组无显著性差异。　结论 :进一步论证了睾丸内高浓度的睾酮对维持生精过程起到决定性的作用     

男性不育患者精子形态学分析与生殖激素关系的研究

目的:研究男性不育患者精子形态与生殖激素的关系,探讨畸形精子症的发病机制。方法:研究对象为90例男性不育患者,年龄25～40岁,利用Prader睾丸计评估患者睾丸容积,根据世界卫生标准进行精液常规分析,利用化学发光法测定血清生殖激素和性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG)浓度,计算得出游离睾酮和生物活性睾酮的浓度。结果:90例男性不育患者精子浓度均在正常范围,根据精子形态分析结果分为3个研究组,即组1(正常形态精子<4%)、组2(正常形态精子≥4%且<10%)和组3(正常形态精子≥10%),每组30例。3组之间年龄没有统计学差异(P>0.05);左侧睾丸容积分别为(14.27±3.65)ml,(16.90±3.57)ml和(14.57±3.57)ml,P组1,2=0.006,P组1,3=0.741和P组2,3=0.014;右侧睾丸容积分别为(14.60±3.70)ml,(16.60±3.35)ml和(14.67±3.54)ml,P=0.05;血清泌乳素(PRL)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、雌二醇(E2)、总睾酮(TT)和SH-BG在3组之间均没有统计学差异(P>0.05);血清游离睾酮(FT)水平分别为(0.25±0.07)nmol/L,(0.29±0.07)nmol/L和(0.31±0.13)nmol/L,P组1,2=0.086,P组1,3=0.010和P组2,3=0.364;生物活性睾酮(Bio-T)水平分别为(5.81±1.58)nmol/L,(6.78±1.55)nmol/L和(7.29±3.02)nmol/L,P组1,2=0.086,P组1,3=0.010和P组2,3=0.364。另外,正常形态精子百分率与血清FT、Bio-T水平之间均存在正相关(P<0.05)。结论:男性不育患者血清FT和Bio-T水平越高,则正常形态精子百分率越高,提示FT和Bio-T可能参与畸形精子症发病过程。     

大豆黄酮对小鼠精子质量、睾丸重量及睾酮水平的影响

目的 :探讨大豆黄酮对小鼠精子质量、睾丸生长和睾酮水平的影响。　方法 :给雄性小鼠饲喂 3个不同剂量的大豆黄酮 ( 5、10 0、10 0 0mg/kg日粮 ) ,2 1d后宰杀 ,睾丸称重 ,伊红丫染色确定精子存活率 ,顶体染色采用姬姆萨染色法 ,睾酮浓度采用放射免疫法测定。　结果 :5mg/kg日粮大豆黄酮能显著提高睾酮分泌水平 (P <0 .0 1) ,睾丸明显增重 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,提高了精液质量 ;10 0 0mg/kg日粮大豆黄酮抑制睾酮的分泌 (P <0 .0 1) ,精液质量变化不明显 ;10 0mg/kg日粮的大豆黄酮对精子质量等指标均无显著影响。　结论 :大豆黄酮能影响小鼠精子质量、睾丸生长及睾酮水平 ,并与剂量有关     

微波辐射对雷达作业人员精液参数和生殖激素的影响

目的 评价微波辐射对雷达作业人员精液参数及生殖激素的影响.方法 随机抽取56名雷达作业人员为雷达组,46名同单位、同期的非雷达作业人员为对照组,常规留取研究对象的精液和血液标本,使用WLJY-9000伟力彩色精子质量全自动分析系统检测两组人员的精子密度、精子活动率和精子活力等精液参数,应用放射免疫技术检测两组人员的血液生殖激素水平.结果 雷达组人员精子密度为(38.44±23.20)×106/ml,精子活动率为(34.60±21.85)％,精子活力分别为A级精子(14.53±12.12)％、B级精子(10.45±7.36)％、C级精子(9.61±7.72)％、D级精子(65.23±22.18)％,血清睾酮为(5.04±1.25)nmol/L;对照组人员精子密度为(59.21±26.87)×106/ml,精子活动率为(87.52±10.59)％,精子活力分别为A级精子(62.38±17.26)％、B级精子(18.05±9.79)％、C级精子(5.94±3.17)％、D级精子(13.63±9.96)％,血清睾酮为(6.26±1.67)nmol/L.与对照组比较,雷达组精子密度、精子活动率、a级精子、b级精子以及血清睾酮水平均明显下降,而c、d级精子水平明显上升,差异均具统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 微波辐射对精液参数和血清睾酮可以产生不良影响,提示加强雷达作业人员的个人防护,制定预防保护措施,对提高男性生殖健康保健十分必要.     

锁阳对少、弱精子症大鼠模型精子数量、活动率和血清睾酮影响及促进未分化精原细胞增殖的实验研究

目的:探究锁阳对少、弱精子症大鼠睾丸重量、血清睾酮浓度、以及精子数量、活动率等精子参数的影响,及促进未分化精原细胞增殖的机制,为开发新的治疗男性少、弱精子症的中药提供实验和理论依据。方法:选取8周龄,体重约(220±10)g的SD大鼠30只,随机分为5组(n=6):空白对照组、模型对照组、3组实验组(低、中、高锁阳浓度剂量);将模型对照组与锁阳实验组予以环磷酰胺[30 mg/(kg·d)]腹腔注射,连续5 d,构建大鼠少、弱精子症模型;将3组实验组分别用低浓度[0.5 g/(kg·d)]、中浓度[1 g/(kg·d)]及高浓度[2 g/(kg·d)]锁阳水煎液灌胃,每天1次,连续4周后观察各组精子数量、活动率,测量各组大鼠血清睾酮浓度,并取各组大鼠睾丸称重;采用Real-time PCR方法检测低浓度组睾丸组织中精原干细胞标志物(Oct4、Thy1、PLZF、C-kit)表达情况,采用β-actin作为内参;采用Real-time PCR方法检测低浓度组睾丸组织中胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(GDNF)表达情况。结果:空白对照组、模型对照组及低、中、高浓度锁阳实验组的大鼠睾丸重量分别为(1.52±0.06)g、(1.55±0.06)g、(1.34±0.04)g、(1.35±0.40)g、(1.43±0.30)g,不同浓度锁阳实验组大鼠睾丸重量与空白对照组、模型对照组比较未见明显差异(P0.05)。空白对照组、模型对照组及低、中、高浓度实验组在每10个高倍镜视野精子数(精子数/10HP)分别为200±15、134±30、216±25、196±5、202±20个,锁阳实验组与模型对照组比较可显著提高大鼠的精子数量(P0.05);低浓度锁阳水提物组睾丸组织中Oct4、Thy1、PLZF、GDNF基因mRNA表达水平较模型对照组增加,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),C-kit基因mRNA表达水平未见明显差异(P0.05);空白对照组、模型对照组及低、中、高浓度锁阳实验组的大鼠每10个高倍镜视野精子活动率(精子活动率/10HP)分别为(52.1±5.5)%、(38.1±2.5)%、(49.6±1.0)%、(58.7±9.5)%、(59.1±9.5)%;大鼠血清睾酮浓度分别为(190.0±87.5)、(82.5±25.8)、(185.0±82.4)、(331.0±86.7)、(229.0±75.6)mmol/L,锁阳实验组与模型对照组比较可显著提高大鼠的精子活动率及血清睾酮浓度(P均0.05),但与空白对照组比较无明显差异(P0.05)。结论:锁阳能显著提高少、弱精子症大鼠的精子数量、精子活动能力、血清睾酮水平,其改善机制可能是:1通过诱导睾丸Sertoli细胞中GDNF表达,促进未分化精原细胞增殖,从而促进精子发生过程,增加附睾尾部精子数目;2通过促进睾酮分泌,提高血清睾酮水平,进而改善精子活动率。     

精浆左旋肉碱与精子密度、活力和活动率关系的研究

目的:研究精浆中左旋肉碱浓度与精子密度、活力和活动率的相关性,探讨肉碱在男性不育发病中的作用。方法:分别选取精液常规检查结果为正常、少精、弱精和少弱精的不育患者12、16、20、16例,以液相色谱-质谱/质谱联用技术检测精浆中左旋肉碱浓度,以化学发光免疫分析法检测精浆中睾酮浓度,结果以SPSS15.0行双变量相关分析分析精浆中肉碱浓度与精子密度、活力和活动率的相关性,并以精浆睾酮浓度为控制变量行肉碱与精子密度的偏相关分析。结果:共有64例患者纳入研究,精浆中总肉碱浓度、游离肉碱浓度及酰基肉碱浓度分别为(91.33±40.49)mg/L、(40.89±24.13)mg/L、(50.44±21.90)mg/L;双变量相关分析结果为精浆中总肉碱浓度与精子密度、活力和活动率的相关系数分别为0.637(P<0.001),0.161(P=0.235),0.114(P=0.370),去除少精组后游离肉碱与活力和活动率的相关系数分别为0.325(P=0.024)和0.316(P=0.029);偏相关分析结果显示在剔除睾酮影响后的精子密度与肉碱的相关性仍有显著统计学意义(r=0.641,P<0.001)。结论:精浆中肉碱浓度与精子密度和活力呈正相关,其中与密度的相关性更明显。     

参附强精汤对肾阳虚型非炎性精液不液化的临床研究

目的:观察自拟参附强精汤治疗肾阳虚型非炎性精液不液化男性不育患者的临床疗效。方法:60例肾阳虚型非炎性精液不液化男性不育症患者,随机分成治疗组(采用参附强精汤口服)30例,对照组(口服维生素C片加糜蛋白酶肌注)30例。两组患者治疗前后分别观察精子活率、精子活力、血清睾酮、精浆PSA及肾阳虚症状改善情况。两组治疗效果按60min内精液液化的状况判断。结果:两组治疗后肾阳虚症状改善结果有显著差异(P<0.01,P<0.05)。治疗组治疗前后、治疗组与对照组治疗后精子活率及活力均有显著差异(P<0.01,P<0.05)。血清睾酮、精浆PSA治疗组治疗前后有非常显著的差异(P<0.01),治疗组与对照组治疗后有显著的差异(P<0.05)。两组治疗效果的总有效率,治疗组为93.3%,对照组为76.7%。两组总疗效比较有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:参附强精汤可以改善非炎性精液不液化患者的精液液化时间,使90%以上的患者精液液化恢复至正常水平,同时可缓解低睾酮水平所产生的肾阳虚证的各种症状。     

男性不育患者存在可治疗的内分泌异常的证据

对 6 3例男性不育或高促性腺激素型性腺功能低下患者检测计算血清睾酮/雌二醇比值 ,与 40例年龄配对、已生育男性构成的对照组数值进行比较。 6 3例患者均为睾丸功能障碍 ,平均ＦＳＨ2 1.2± 1.8Ｕ/Ｌ ,其中 43例经睾丸活检证实为非梗阻性无精子症 ,2 0例为少精子症。取对照组中最低的 2 0 %对象数值 (0 .1)为选择标准 ,45例患者口服芳香酶抑制剂ｔｅｓｔｏｌａｃｔｏｎｅ 5 0～ 10 0ｍｇ治疗每日 2次 ,平均 5个月。治疗期间检测血清睾酮 /雌二醇比值并进行精液分析。结果 :与对照组比较 ,本组患者睾酮水平明显减低 (32 8ｖｓ 5 43ｎｇ/ｄｌ…     

Suppression and Recovery of Sperm Production in Men Treated with Testosterone Enanthate for One Year. A Study of a Possible Reversible Male Contraceptive

A group of 21 subjects was recruited among men requesting surgical sterilization to conduct a study on the efficacy of testosterone enanthate (TE) as a possible male contraceptive. Sixteen men completed the study. Administration of 200 mg TE (im) every 10 to 12 days maintained azoospermia. Less frequent injections (every 2 or 3 weeks) resulted in break-through of sperm production. The azoospermia was associated with normal plasma testosterone levels, suppressed circulating FSH and undetectable LH. No untoward clinical side effects were noted. In 11 of the 16 subjects observations on recovery of sperm production were made. In all cases resumption of sperm production was noted. In two cases pregnancy occurred (5 to 7 weeks and 11 to 13 weeks after discontinuation of treatment). Since in most subjects long-term recovery data were not available, observations on the quantitative aspects of recovery and relationship to the time interval after cessation of treatment could not be made.     

Gonadotropin Suppression in Normal Males and Males with 1° Hypogonadism: Evaluation of Four Androgens

Serum concentrations of FSH and LH have been evaluated during treatment with four commonly prescribed androgens. In the first study, five adult males with primary gonadal failure were treated for four weeks with each of four regimens: 17α-methyl testosterone [MT] (40 mg/day or 50 mg/day), fluoxymesterone [F] (50 mg/day), and testosterone cypionate [TC] (200 mg). LH was not suppressed by either dose of MT but was suppressed by F ( P < 0.02). Both FSH and LH were suppressed for up to 3 weeks ( P < 0.05) after a single injection of TC. In the second study, testosterone enanthate [TE] was evaluated as a contraceptive in 20 normal men. After two weeks (200 mg/week), the concentration of testosterone increased from 661 ± 29 ng/dl to approximately 1050 ng dl ( P < 0.001) and serum gonadotropins had fallen to very low or undetectable levels. After 12 weeks of this regimen, 11 men had ≤ 1 million sperm/ml of semen, but 3 had ≥ 10 million sperm/ml. When 200 mg of TE was given every 3 weeks, serum levels of FSH and LH normalized and sperm density increased.
These studies indicate that exogenous androgens can be used to suppress gonadotropins and spermatogenesis; however, each of these four available androgens has limitations. A more potent, longer acting androgen with low toxicity is needed if this approach to the development of a male contraceptive is to be pursued.     

Higher testosterone dose impairs sperm suppression induced by a combined androgen-progestin regimen

In this study we compared the effects of high-dose and low-dose testosterone enanthate (TE) administered with the same dose of cyproterone acetate (CPA). Eighteen men aged 21-45 were treated with CPA 5 mg/day and with TE 100 mg/week (n = 9; CPA-5-100) or TE 200 mg/week (n = 9; CPA-5-200) for 16 weeks. Semen analyses were performed every 2 weeks; physical examination and chemistry, hematology, gonadotropin, and testosterone measurements were performed every 4 weeks. At week 16 of treatment, sperm counts were significantly more suppressed in the CPA-5-100 group than in the CPA-5-200 group. Sperm counts returned to baseline in all subjects after hormone administration ceased. No difference in gonadotropin levels was found at any time between the 2 groups. During the treatment phase, testosterone levels were significantly higher in the CPA-5-200 group than in the CPA-5-100 group. The present study confirms that CPA/TE administration induces profound sperm suppression. An increase in the dose of androgen resulted in less profound sperm suppression despite no difference in gonadotropin suppression. These data suggest that high testosterone levels can maintain sperm production in men.     

精氨酸锌作为一种化学绝育剂的研究

本研究采用精氨酸锌及生理盐水,分别经80只正常性成熟Winstar大鼠的附睾尾注射0.1m1,观察48小时、1周、2周,3周及4周以后火鼠睾丸、附睾、输精管、前列腺的病变,结果显示经上述两种物质注射1周以后,睾丸均出现生精功能低下,间质细胞无异常,其精氨酸锌注射两周后,附睾尾管腔内即达到完全无精子,而生理盐水注射后仅导致附睾尾精子数量及活力大大降低,但始终不能达到完全无精子。此结果提示:精氨酸锌附睾尾注射可能成为一种新的男性绝育方法,值得进一步研究。     

Intratesticular androgens and spermatogenesis during severe gonadotropin suppression induced by male hormonal contraceptive treatment

Male hormonal contraceptive regimens function by suppressing gonadotropin secretion, resulting in a dramatic decrease in testicular androgen biosynthesis and spermatogenesis. Animal studies suggest that persistent intratesticular (iT)-androgen production has a stimulatory effect on spermatogenesis in the setting of gonadotropin suppression. We hypothesized that men with incompletely suppressed spermatogenesis (>1,000,000 sperm/mL) during male hormonal contraceptive treatment would have higher iT-androgen concentrations than men who achieved severe oligospermia (相似文献   

Male Contraception: Clinical Assessment of Chronic Administration of Testosterone Enanthate

Testosterone enanthate (TE) was administered im to 39 normal adult men (age 21–39) to assess its efficacy as a suppressor of spermatogeneis and to determine possible adverse effects. 17 subject (Group A) received TE (200 mg/week) for 16 to 20 weeks. 16/17 lowered sperm counts (SC) to < 5 million/cc; 11/17 to < 300 000; and 10/17 became azoospermic. Group B received TE (200 mg/weeks); in 10/22 SC were < 5 million/cc at 16 weeks; 9/22 to < 300 000; and 5/22 azoospermic; when those with SC > 5 million/cc were switched to weekly treatment (additional 3–16 weeks), 9/12 lowered SC to < 5 million/cc. Overall, 19/22 of Group B attained this level. Serum LH and FSH were decreased on both regimens. These effects were dose-related. Mean serum testosterone was elevated above control (64%) in Group A, but remained at basal levels 2 weeks after TE injection in Group B. Decreasing the frequency of TE (3 or 4 weeks) resulted in a rebound of FSH and LH above baseline and increased SC. After discontinuing treatment, sperm counts and hormonal measurements returned to normal. Modest increase in body weight, red cell mass, oiliness of skin and mild acne were seen in some subjects. Liver function tests, glucose tolerance, blood lipids and renal function were unchanged.     

Daily testosterone and gonadotropin levels are similar in azoospermic and nonazoospermic normal men administered weekly testosterone: implications for male contraceptive development.

Weekly intramuscular administration of testosterone esters such as testosterone enanthate (TE) suppresses gonadotropins and spermatogenesis and has been studied as a male contraceptive. For unknown reasons, however, some men fail to achieve azoospermia with such regimens. We hypothesized that either 1) daily circulating serum fluoroimmunoreactive gonadotropins were higher or testosterone levels were lower during the weekly injection interval, or 2) monthly circulating bioactive gonadotropin levels were higher in nonazoospermic men. We therefore analyzed daily testosterone and fluoroimmunoreactive gonadotropin levels as well as pooled monthly bioactive and fluoroimmunoreactive gonadotropin levels in normal men receiving chronic TE injections and correlated these levels with sperm production. After a 3-month control period, 51 normal men were randomly assigned to receive intramuscular TE at 25 mg (n = 10), 50 mg (n = 9), 100 mg (n = 10), 300 mg (n = 10), or placebo (n = 12) weekly for 6 months. After 5 months of testosterone administration, morning testosterone and fluoroimmunoreactive follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were measured daily for a 1-week period between TE injections. In addition, fluoroimmunoreactive and bioactive FSH and LH levels were measured in pooled monthly blood samples drawn just before the next TE injection. In the 100-mg and 300-mg TE groups, mean monthly fluoroimmunoreactive FSH and LH levels were suppressed by 86%-97%, bioactive FSH and LH levels by 62%-80%, and roughly half the subjects became azoospermic. In the 1-week period of month 6, daily testosterone levels between TE injections were within the normal range in men receiving placebo, or 25 or 50 mg of weekly TE, but were significantly elevated in men receiving 100 or 300 mg of weekly TE. At no point during treatment, however, were there significant differences in daily testosterone or fluoroimmunoreactive gonadotropin levels, or monthly bioactive gonadotropin levels between men achieving azoospermia and those with persistent spermatogenesis. This study, therefore, demonstrates that neither monthly nor daily differences in serum testosterone, or fluoroimmunoreactive or bioactive gonadotropins explain why some men fail to completely suppress their sperm counts to zero with weekly TE administration. Innate differences in the testicle's ability to maintain spermatogenesis in a low-gonadotropin environment may explain persistent spermatogenesis in some men treated with androgen-based contraceptive regimens.     

雷藤氯内酯醇对大鼠生殖细胞的遗传效应

雷公藤有效抗生育单体T_4(雷藤氯内酯醇)抗生育效果肯定,作用环节理想;对睾丸曲精细管细胞组合影响不大,主要作用于附睾,导致大量精子头尾分离。对精子头部形态没有明显影响,也不干扰精母细胞联会复合体配对及其功能,未见染色体易位的发生,也不引起精原细胞染色体畸变及微核发生率的增加,结果表明T_4对生殖细胞没有明显的遗传损伤效应。对T_4深入研究,可望发展成理想的男用避孕药。     

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral testosterone enanthate plus dutasteride for 4 weeks in normal men: implications for male hormonal contraception

Oral administration of testosterone enanthate (TE) and dutasteride increases serum testosterone and might be useful for male hormonal contraception. To ascertain the contraceptive potential of oral TE and dutasteride by determining the degree of gonadotropin suppression mediated by 4 weeks of oral TE plus dutasteride, 20 healthy young men were randomly assigned to 4 weeks of either 400 mg oral TE twice daily or 800 mg oral TE once daily in a double-blinded, controlled fashion at a single site. All men received 0.5 mg dutasteride daily. Blood for measurement of serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone, dihydrotesterone (DHT), and estradiol was obtained prior to treatment, weekly during treatment, and 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 13, 14, 16, 20, and 24 hours after the morning dose on the last day of treatment. FSH was significantly suppressed throughout treatment with 800 mg TE once daily and after 4 weeks of treatment with 400 mg TE twice daily. LH was significantly suppressed after 2 weeks of treatment with 800 mg TE, but not with 400 mg TE. Serum DHT was suppressed and serum estradiol increased during treatment in both groups. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol was suppresed during treatment, but liver function tests, hematocrit, creatinine, mood, and sexual function were unaffected. The administration of 800 mg oral TE daily combined with dutasteride for 28 days significantly suppresses gonadotropins without untoward side effects and might have utility as part of a male hormonal contraceptive regimen.