3-(4′-苯甲酰基氨基-苯基)-香豆素衍生物的合成及体外降血糖活性

首先以对氨基苯乙酸和水杨醛类化合物为原料,通过Perkin缩合反应,再经盐酸酸化合成了3个3-芳基香豆素类化合物4a~4c;再与取代苯甲酰氯6a~6h通过酰胺化反应合成得到了10个3-(4′-苯甲酰基氨基-苯基)香豆素类化合物7a~7j。所有目标化合物的结构均经过¹H NMR,¹³C NMR,ESI-MS进行了确证。通过测定α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性和晚期糖基化终产物(AGEs)形成抑制活性评价了目标化合物的体外降血糖活性。结果表明化合物7f(IC₅₀=10.84±0.36 μmol/L)表现出较好的α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性;化合物7g(IC₅₀=5.01±0.55 μmol/L)对AGEs形成抑制活性远高于阳性药氨基胍盐酸盐(AG,IC₅₀=290.31±7.32 μmol/L),这些结果为抗糖尿病药物的进一步研究提供了理论基础。     

含1,2-苯并噻嗪结构的［1,3,4］噻二唑并［3,2-a］［1,3,5］三嗪衍生物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性

以吡罗昔康合成中间体(CAS:35511-15-0)为原料,利用活性拼接等药物设计原理,设计并合成了9个结构新颖的目标化合物,其结构经¹H NMR、MS等表征。通过测定对胰腺癌细胞Capan-1、白血病细胞L1210和人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721的抑制活性,评价目标化合物的体外抗肿瘤活性。结果表明,化合物6f(IC₅₀=2.4±0.5 μmol/L)对胰腺癌细胞Capan-1表现出较好的抑制活性;化合物6h(IC₅₀=5.4±0.2 μmol/L)对白血病细胞L1210表现出较好的抑制活性;化合物6g(IC₅₀=3.8±0.2 μmol/L)对人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721表现出较好的抑制活性。初步的抗肿瘤活性实验结果表明,将吡罗昔康3位的侧链替代为噻二唑并三嗪侧链,对提高该类化合物的抗肿瘤活性有一定的作用。     

喹唑酮类甘氨酸转运体1抑制剂的设计、合成及药理活性研究

甘氨酸转运体1（GlyT1）是研究抗精神分裂症药物的靶点。以化合物2,4-二氯-N-{[4-（环丙甲基）-1-（乙磺酰基）哌啶-4-基]甲基}苯甲酰胺（1a,IC₅₀=92.2 nmol/L）为参考,设计并合成了未见文献报道的13个喹唑啉酮类化合物。初步药理活性实验结果表明,所合成的化合物除化合物7e外都具有一定程度的GlyT1抑制活性,其中化合物7j的活性最强,接近阳性对照药1a。     

龙葵碱对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞微管系统的影响

目的 研究龙葵碱对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞微管系统的影响。方法 MTT法检测龙葵碱对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖的抑制作用,流式细胞仪分析龙葵碱对MCF-7细胞周期的影响以及细胞内α-微管蛋白及微管相关蛋白（MAP-2）的变化。结果 龙葵碱对MCF-7细胞的IC₅₀为22.08 μg/mL,能够将MCF-7细胞阻滞于S期;能够增加MCF-7细胞内α-微管蛋白和MAP-2的量。结论 龙葵碱通过升高MCF-7细胞内的微管蛋白及MAP-2的表达,将MCF-7细胞阻滞于S期,从而抑制乳腺癌MCF-7细胞的生长。     

Methyl Xestospongoate类似物的设计、合成和抗肿瘤活性

设计、合成了52个Methyl Xestospongoate类似物并初步研究了其抗肿瘤活性。以炔基甲酯和二炔为原料,经过Cadiot-Chodkiewitz偶联和Sonogashira偶联反应合成了52个Methyl Xestospongoate类似物4(a~m)-7(a~m),并利用¹H NMR、¹³C NMR和HREI-MS法确定其结构,采用CCK-8法测定了部分化合物的体外抗肿瘤活性。结果显示化合物6k对A549和P-388肿瘤细胞的增殖具有较强的抑制活性,其IC₅₀分别为9.36和9.62 μmol/L。     

含1,2-苯并噻嗪结构的咪唑并［1,2-b］［1,3,4］三氮唑衍生物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性

以吡罗昔康甲基物为原料,利用生物电子等排等药物设计原理,合成8个结构新颖的三氮唑化合物,其结构经¹H NMR、MS表征。通过测定对胰腺癌细胞Capan-1和白血病细胞L1210的抑制活性,评价目标化合物的体外抗肿瘤活性。结果表明,化合物6b(IC₅₀=3.6±0.5 μmol/L)对胰腺癌细胞Capan-1表现出较好的抑制活性;化合物6a(IC₅₀=1.8±0.2 μmol/L)对白血病细胞L1210表现出较好的抑制活性。初步的抗肿瘤活性实验结果表明,咪唑并三氮唑侧链的引入,对提高该类化合物的抗肿瘤活性有一定的作用。     

4-苯基-吡咯并［2,3-d］嘧啶类JAK2激酶抑制剂的设计、合成和抗肿瘤活性

以JAK2激酶抑制剂鲁索替尼(ruxolitinib)为先导化合物,应用分子杂交的药物设计原理,通过结构修饰改造,设计、合成了一系列新的4-苯基-吡咯并［2,3-d］嘧啶类衍生物并进行初步的体外活性评价。以4,6-二羟基嘧啶为起始原料,依次通过Vilsmeier-Haack反应、S_NAr取代、成环、脱水、Suzuki偶联、酰基化等多步反应最终合成得到12个目标化合物(12a~12l),其结构经¹H NMR、¹³C NMR、HRMS确证。对目标化合物进行体外JAK2激酶活性、GM-CSF诱导的TF-1细胞活性测试,结果表明,部分化合物(12b、12e和12h)具有一定程度的JAK2抑制活性;采用MTT法测试目标化合物对JAK2非依赖性A549细胞的抗增殖能力,结果显示,该类化合物A549细胞表现出良好的增殖抑制活性,尤其是化合物12c(IC₅₀=0.12 μmol/L)活性最强,表明该类化合物具有潜在的研究开发价值。     

姜黄素通过调控微管系统干扰HepG2细胞周期研究

目的 研究姜黄素对人肝癌HepG2细胞周期的影响及微管系统在其中的作用。方法 MTT法检测姜黄素对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖的抑制作用;流式细胞仪分析姜黄素对HepG2细胞周期分布的影响;激光共聚焦显微镜观察姜黄素对HepG2细胞微管结构变化的影响;Western blotting 检测姜黄素对微管蛋白α-tubulin表达的影响;在离体条件下,观察姜黄素对微管蛋白聚合和解聚活性的影响。结果 姜黄素对HepG2细胞增殖具有抑制作用且与时间和剂量相关;随着姜黄素浓度的升高,HepG2细胞阻滞于G₂/M期的比例也逐渐增加;激光共聚焦显微镜观察可见姜黄素明显破坏细胞微管结构,改变细胞微管蛋白聚合状态的发生;Western blotting检测发现细胞内α-tubulin蛋白表达的减弱与试药浓度相关。姜黄素还可影响微管蛋白聚合和解聚活性。结论 姜黄素通过破坏HepG2细胞的微管结构及下调微管蛋白α-tubulin的表达,将HepG2细胞阻滞于G₂/M期,从而抑制肝癌HepG2细胞的生长。     

五元杂环并嘧啶类MTH1抑制剂的设计、合成及生物活性评价

在MTH1抑制剂TH287的基础上,采用闭环、骨架跃迁和生物电子等排等药物设计策略,结合计算机辅助药物设计方法,设计并合成了17个五元杂环并嘧啶类目标化合物(I_1~10,II_1~7)。采用孔雀石绿显色法评价了目标化合物对MTH1酶活性的影响,结果表明该类化合物具有良好的MTH1抑制活性,其中7个化合物的(I₃,I₄,I_7~9)IC₅₀低于1 μmol/L,可以作为新型MTH1抑制剂开展进一步的研究。     

新型三环类地氯雷他定衍生物的合成、生物活性与分子对接

以三环类抗组胺药物地氯雷他定为母体,设计并合成了一系列取代的三环类衍生物。所有目标化合物均通过核磁共振氢谱和高分辨质谱表征确定。H₁受体结合活性测试结果表明：化合物7拮抗组胺H₁受体的活性显著优于先导化合物地氯雷他定。组胺诱导的豚鼠回肠收缩实验显示化合物7可显著抑制回肠收缩。构效关系研究表明：化合物的疏水参数lgP的计算值与拮抗H1受体的活性具有相关性。并进一步利用分子对接技术研究了化合物7与H₁受体的结合模式。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.