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鼻腔给药系统的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
鼻腔给药系统(nasal drug delivery system,NDDS)是指在鼻腔内使用,经鼻粘膜吸收而发挥局部或全身治疗作用的制剂。鼻腔给药历史悠久,但过去大多用于治疗鼻炎、鼻塞等届部疾病,起局部消炎、收敛、杀菌等作用。近年来随着新辅粒和治疗新技术的应用,发挥全身治疗作用的鼻腔给药制剂酏研究越来越受到人们的广泛关注。 相似文献
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鼻腔给药系统研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
近年来 ,通过鼻黏膜给药己被认为是一种药物能快速高效吸收的给药方式。鼻黏膜细胞上有很多微细绒毛 ,因此大大增加了药物吸收的有效面积 ,黏膜细胞下有着丰富的血管和淋巴管 ,药物通过黏膜吸收后可直接进入体循环。此外 ,鼻腔内酶的代谢作用远远小于胃肠道 ,因此 ,鼻腔给药系统正日益受到人们的重视 ,包括肽类和蛋白质类药物的研究。此外 ,药物从鼻嗅区吸收 ,为某些中枢神经系统疾病的治疗提供了一条有效的给药途径。另外 ,疫苗的鼻腔给药在疗效及患者接受性上同样是非常吸引人的。本文主要概述了设计和开发鼻腔给药制剂时需考虑的主要因素… 相似文献
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鼻腔给药的生物利用度研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目前,鼻腔给药生物利用度的研究主要集中在吸收促进剂、药物性质、剂型和载体等因素的影响。虽然药物通过鼻腔吸收受诸多因素的影响,但由于鼻腔特殊的解剖生理结构,药物吸收迅速;且与其他给药途径相比,尤其对于多肽和蛋白类药物而言,鼻腔给药这种非侵入性给药方法更简单、安全并且节省费用,因此,有望成为未来全身给药的重要途径之一。本文综述了近年来药物经鼻腔给药的生物利用度的研究进展。 相似文献
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鼻腔给药新剂型研究进展 总被引:18,自引:5,他引:18
在鼻腔内使用,经鼻粘膜吸收而发挥全身治疗作用的制剂,称为鼻腔给药系统,鼻腔给药具有生物利用度高,吸收迅速,起效快,无损伤性,使用方便等特点,已成为制剂领域研究的热点之一,本文结合鼻腔的生理和给药的特点,综述了近年来鼻腔给药剂型的研究进展。 相似文献
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鼻腔给药是一种重要的给药途径,在儿科尤为重要。国内外研究越来越多,为此本文对影响鼻腔给药的因素作一探讨: 相似文献
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Ishikawa F Murano M Hiraishi M Yamaguchi T Tamai I Tsuji A 《Pharmaceutical research》2002,19(8):1097-1104
Purpose. To evaluate the utility of insoluble powder formulation for nasal systemic drug delivery.
Methods. To compare the efficacy of liquid and powder formulations, the nasal absorption of drugs was examined in rats using hydrophilic compounds with various molecular weights (MW) such as phenol red, cyanocobalamin, and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-Dextrans, and several kinds of powder. Intranasal residence time was also compared among the different formulations.
Results. All the drugs examined were absorbed through the nasal mucosa to varying extent; their systemic bioavailability decreased with increasing MW. Insoluble calcium carbonate (CaCO3) powder formulation provided increased absorption of drugs over the wide range of MW from 354 to 77,000 Da. In the case of phenol red, intranasal administration as a CaCO3 powder formulation resulted in a plasma concentration profile similar to that of an intravenous bolus dose due to its very rapid and complete absorption from the nasal cavity. Furthermore, improved bioavailability of FITC-Dextran (MW 4,400; FD-4) was also achieved with other insoluble powders as well as CaCO3, but not with soluble powders such as lactose, d-sorbitol, and d-mannitol. Insoluble powder formulation prolonged the residence time of FD-4 within the nasal cavity.
Conclusions. Insoluble powder formulations improve nasal bioavailability predominantly by retarding drug elimination from the absorption site and appear to be effective for nasal systemic drug delivery. 相似文献
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Nasal drug delivery has now been recognized as a promising route for drug delivery due to its capability of transporting a drug to systemic circulation and central nervous system. Though nasal mucosa offers improved bioavailability and quick onset of action of the drug, main disadvantage associated with nasal drug delivery is mucocilliary clearance due to which drug particles get cleared from the nose before complete absorption through nasal mucosa. Therefore, mucoadhesive polymeric approach can be successfully used to enhance the retention of the drug on nasal mucosal surface. Here, some of the aspects of the stimuli responsive polymers have been discussed which possess liquid state at the room temperature and in response to nasal temperature, pH and ions present in mucous, can undergo in situ gelation in nasal cavity. In this review, several temperature responsive, pH responsive and ion responsive polymers used in nasal delivery, their gelling mechanisms have been discussed. Smart polymers not only able to enhance the retention of the drug in nasal cavity but also provide controlled release, ease of administration, enhanced permeation of the drug and protection of the drug from mucosal enzymes. Thus smart polymeric approach can be effectively used for nasal delivery of peptide drugs, central nervous system dugs and hormones. 相似文献
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用于全身治疗的鼻腔给药系统研究概况 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
陈新梅 《中国现代应用药学》2007,24(1):23-27
目的介绍用于全身治疗的鼻腔给药系统研究概况。方法综述了鼻腔给药的特点、手段、制剂方法、要求、影响因素及研究状况。结果与讨论鼻腔给药可以产生全身作用,可以代替静脉给药,有广泛的应用前景。 相似文献
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作为一种非侵入给药方式,鼻腔给药具有快速起效、使用方便、依从性高、无首过效应、不良反应较小、黏膜免疫等诸多优点,且提供了鼻脑递送途径,鼻用制剂日益成为研发热点,以着力解决未被满足的临床需求。但是,因鼻腔结构和生理学上的特殊性,鼻用制剂的开发和评价还存在诸多挑战。 相似文献
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Nicolaas G. M. Schipper J. Coos Verhoef Frans W. H. M. Merkus 《Pharmaceutical research》1991,8(7):807-814
Mucociliary clearance is an important physiological defense mechanism of the respiratory tract to protect the body against noxious inhaled materials. This process is responsible for the rapid clearance of nasally administered drugs from the nasal cavity to the nasopharynx, thereby interfering with the absorption of drugs following intranasal application. This review describes the mucociliary system and the methods used for its characterization. Examples are given of the effects of drugs and additives on its functioning. Further, possible approaches are presented for increasing the residence time of drugs in the nasal cavity, thereby improving intranasal drug delivery. 相似文献
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目的介绍眼部给药系统的研究进展。方法查阅总结近年来眼部给药系统的最新研究成果,展望其发展前景。结果胶粒给药系统使不同阶段眼部疾病的治疗成为可能;靶向给药使得药物能够透过各种屏障到达眼部病变部位;原位凝胶显著延长了药物在眼部的滞留时间;可降解植入剂避免了释药后的二次手术;眼部电离子渗透技术大大降低了眼部治疗的创伤。结论随着临床医学、药物制剂学、高分子材料学的发展及新技术的应用,眼部给药系统在眼部疾病治疗中的应用更加广泛,具有很好的发展前景。 相似文献
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