835例癫痫及发作性疾病动态脑电图分析

目的分析癫痫及发作性疾病患者的动态脑电图(ambulatory EEG monitoring,AEEG),探讨其在诊断和鉴别诊断的中的价值。方法对2010年7月~2014年6月间,本院住院、门诊中临床诊断为癫痫475例及发作性疾病360例患者进行动态脑电图监测并分析。结果癫痫组动态脑电图(AEEG)与常规脑电图(routing-EEG,REEG)比较痫样放电检出率和异常率均有显著差异(P0.01)。癫痫组与发作性疾病组比较痫样放电检出率和异常率均有显著差异(P0.01)。痫样放电多见于睡眠期,以非快速眼动睡眠Ⅰ-Ⅱ期(NREMⅠ-Ⅱ期)为主。在脑电图记录过程中,癫痫组有临床发作36例:5例仅在发作期可见痫样放电,发作间期未见痫样放电;31例两期均可见痫样放电。发作性疾病组有临床发作44例:2例仅发作期可见痫样放电,发作间期未见痫样放电;4例两期均可见痫样放电;其余均未见痫样放电,占86.4%。结论癫痫及发作性疾病患者AEEG检查痫样放电检出率优于REEG检查;在临床症状类似癫痫的发作性疾病中,AEEG及REEG痫样放电检出率只为8.6%及3.6%。因此,发作性疾病需要行AEEG检查,帮助鉴别诊断和确诊。     

动态脑电图在癫痫与发作性疾病的诊断及鉴别诊断上的意义

目的　探讨动态脑电图(AEEG)对癫痫及发作性疾病的诊断及鉴别诊断的意义。方法　272例患者使用常规脑电图( EEG)与 AEEG 检查,并作比较。结果　272 例中 EEG 异常 105 例(38.60%),其中痫样放电 48 例( 17. 65%); AEEG 异常 174 例( 63. 97%),其中痫样放电 113 例(41.54%)。113例AEEG痫样放电中癫痫组87例,发作性疾病组 26 例,经χ2 检验均有非常显著差异(P <0.000 1)。结论　AEEG可提高痫样放电的检出率,在癫痫、发作性疾病的诊断、鉴别诊断上具有重要意义。     

视频脑电图监测对癫痫的诊断价值

目的探讨视频脑电图(Video-EEG)对癫痫的诊断价值.方法对252例发作性疾病患者进行连续12～24小时监测,其中包括清醒、睡眠及诱发试验,分析临床发作和异常放电的关系,异常放电出现的时相,癫痫分型与异常放电的关系,临床发作前脑电图的改变以及临床发作间期和发作期异常脑电图的不同表现.结果252例监测到临床发作142例,其中同时伴异常放电者为111例;252例检出异常放电187例,其中出现于睡眠期者146例;确诊的111例中103例确定了发作类型,其中25例修正了发作类型;确诊的111例监测到发作前脑电图的异常改变,表现为背景脑电波频率和波幅的改变,或者出现痫样放电;111例不同发作类型癫痫患者发作间期和发作期有不同的异常脑电图表现.结论视频脑电图可提高痫样放电的检出率,有助于癫痫的诊断及分型,有利于观察癫痫患者发作间期及发作期脑电图的表现.     

24h动态脑电图在癫痫诊断及鉴别中的应用

目的探讨24 h动态脑电图(AEEG)在癫痫诊断及与其他非癫痫发作性疾病鉴别中的应用。方法对683例临床确诊癫痫及295例非癫痫发作性疾病患者的AEEG检查资料进行回顾性分析。结果癫痫组AEEG共记录异常痫性放电443例(64．86%),非特异性异常91例(13．32%),总异常者534例(78．18%)。非癫痫组AEEG发现异常痫性放电26例(8．81%)、非特异性异常38例(12．88%),总异常者64例(21．79%)。两组AEEG在总异常率比较、痫性放电率方面比较均有显著性差异(P＜0．001)。结论AEEG对癫痫及非癫痫发作性疾病有重要鉴别意义,尤其发作期脑电改变更有助于二者的鉴别。     

89例动态脑电图监测对诊断癫痫的意义

目的探讨动态脑电图（ambulatory electroencephalogram,AEEG）对癫痫鉴别诊断的意义。方法对89例临床可疑癫痫病人进行动态脑电图监测,并对监测结果分析。结果AEEG检查发现有痫样放电者69例,占77.5%,其中27例（30.3%）有临床发作,42例（47.2%）仅在AEEG检查发现样放电,20例（22.5%）排除癫痫。结论AEEG对癫痫的鉴别诊断具有重要作用。     

电视录像脑电图在癫痫及其他发作性疾病中的诊断价值探讨

目的：评价电视脑电图（Video-EEG)监测在癫痫及其他发作性疾病临床诊断中的应用价值。方法：对216例具有各种发作性症状的患者进行连续24h的包括清醒、睡眠及诱发试验的Video-EEG监测。结果：216例患者中130例（60．2％）监测到临床发作，其中53例伴有发作期痫样放电，证实为癫痫性发作；73例发作期及发作间期均无痫样放电，为非癫痫性发作。216例患者中共80例监测到了痫样放电，其中64例通过发作期的脑电－临床表现和（或）发作间期的EEG特征，结合有关病史资料确定了癫痫的发作类型，27例监测后发作分类得到了修正。结论：Video-EEG可提高痫样放电的检出率，有助于癫痫发作与非癫痫发作的鉴别及癫痫的分型。     

24小时动态脑电图监测对不典型癫痫的诊断价值

目的 探讨24小时动态脑电图（AEEG）监测对不典型癫痫的诊断价值。方法 对21例临床上疑似癫痫，但发作不典型的患者作24小时AEEG检测，并结合临床进行观察。结果 21例常规脑电图（REEG）均未见痫样放电，而AEEG可检测到多次阵发棘波，尖波，棘慢波综合，尖慢波综合等痫样放电，并经抗癫痫药均获得控制，故可诊断为癫痫。结论 24小时AEEG监测能帮助临床上诊断不典型的癫痫患者。     

动态脑电图监测对癫痫诊断和鉴别癫痫的意义

目的 探讨24小时动态脑电图（AEEG）对癫痫诊断和鉴别诊断的意义。方法 对235例临床诊断为癫痫及121例非癫痫性发作性疾病患者的AEEG资料进行回顾性分析。结果 癫痫组中AEEG与EEG的异常及癫样放电检出率均有非常显著性差异（P＜0．001）。癫痫组与非癫痫组之间AEEG异常率和痫样放电检出率均有显著性差异（P＜0．05）。AEEG描记中睡眠期痫样放电检出率比清醒期增加15．6％,且57．8％出现在非快速眼球运动睡眠（NREM）Ⅰ～Ⅱ期。结论 AEEG对癫痫诊断、鉴别诊断和指导治疗有重要作用。     

儿童非癫痫性发作

目的：探讨儿童非癫痫性发作的各种临床表现形式。方法：对３５例非癫痫性发作患儿的临床结合脑电图监测进行分析。结果：３５例儿童非癫痫发作中,生理性发作占５１％,且平均年龄最小,全部患儿经２４小时脑电图或录相监测脑电图检查发作间期和／或发作期均无异常放电;本组误诊２１例,其中阗痫１０例。结论：儿童的非癫痫性发作表现形式多样,以生理性发作最多。儿童非癫痫性发作易误诊为癫痫及其它疾病,应用动态脑电图监测对其     

非癫痫发作患儿120例视频脑电图诊断分析

目的：对120例非癫痫发作儿童视频脑电图结果进行分析,为该类疾病的诊断提供参考。方法选取2012-10-2014-04于昆明市儿童医院神经内科行视频脑电图检查的1305例患儿中,有临床发作,但发作期同步脑电图正常,未见癫痫放电的120例非痫样发作患儿进行分析。结果行视频脑电图检查的1305例患儿中,有临床发作,但发作期同步脑电图正常,未见癫痫放电的非痫样发作患儿120例。其中N ES合并癫痫12例,7例无癫痫病史也无发作时癫痫样放电,但存在与临床不同步的非发作期的颠痫样放电。结论癫痫性发作及非癫痫性发作治疗原则不同,临床上必须正确判断,通过V-EEG可仔细分析发作时临床表现其与EEG的关系,可对发作性质作出准确判断,为临床治疗提供依据。     

Profiles of instant heart rate during partial seizures

Instant heart rate (R-R intervals) can be readily studied during spontaneous seizures recorded with ambulatory cassette AEEG/AECG techniques. Ninety-three seizures were recorded in 32 patients with complex partial epilepsy. Instant R-R interval plots showed that 74% of seizures were associated with a dominant tachycardia, the most characteristic features of which were the initial steep acceleration phase at seizure onset and the wide fluctuations in heart rate ('exaggerated sinus arrhythmia') which occurred during and immediately after the seizure. Five percent of seizures were associated with a dominant but transient phase of heart rate slowing during or towards the end of the seizure. Nineteen percent of seizures showed equivocal or negative ictal effects on the heart rate and rhythm despite unequivocal AEEG seizure discharges. Conversely, other patients had characteristic heart rate changes despite equivocal AEEG abnormality. The heart rate profiles showed striking seizure-to-seizure similarities when multiple fits were recorded in the same patient. Ratemeter profiles may be clinically useful to locate epileptic seizures in long duration records; they can help to locate seizures which are either inaccurately timed or poorly identified by the event marker, or not clearly associated with definite AEEG changes. The secondary cardiac effects of epilepsy may be misdiagnosed if their primary cerebral origin is not suspected.     

300例癫痫及可疑癫痫患者AEEG分析

目的：对３００例癫痫及可疑癫痫患者的动态脑电图的应用价值进行了初步探讨。方法;使用北京明思公司ＳＷ－ＪＨ系列智能化脑电监护仪描记,并与常规脑电图比较。结果：３００例中ＥＥＧ异常５４例,ＡＥＥＧ异常１７８例ＡＥＥＧ痫样放电检出率明显高天ＥＥＧ。１４４例继发性癫痫患者中,ＥＥＧ异常８例,ＡＥＥＧ异常１０例,二者无显著性差异。     

癫(癎)发作控制后的脑电图研究报告

目的:探讨癫临床发作症状控制后,常规脑电图(REEG)和动态脑电图(AEEG)随访意义及脑电图(EEG)的异常情况。方法:采用SOLARROVER-8型AEEG仪,对2000至2005年随访的癫大发作临床发作控制后的86例患者,进行REEG和AEEG的监测。结果:REEG正常69例(80.%),异常17例(19.8%)。样波1例(5.9%),非特异性异常16例(94.1%)。AEEG正常36例(41.9%),异常50例(58.1%)。样波11例(22.0%),非特异性异常39例(78.0%)。两组阳性率差异有显著统计学意义,2=26.63,P<0.001。结论:AEEG用于研究癫控制后的脑电监测均优于REEG。控制后的脑电图异常以非特异性高幅阵发性θ、δ波为主。控制的年限越长脑电图异常率和样波发放率愈低。有利于抗癫药物疗效的观察和指导癫临床用药。     

89例动态脑电图监测对诊断癫（癎）的意义

目的探讨动态脑电图(ambulatory electroencephalogram,AEEG)对癫鉴别诊断的意义。方法对89例临床可疑癫病人进行动态脑电图监测,并对监测结果分析。结果AEEG检查发现有样放电者69例,占77.5%,其中27例(30.3%)有临床发作,42例(47.2%)仅在AEEG检查发现样放电,20例(22.5%)排除癫。结论AEEG对癫的鉴别诊断具有重要作用。     

24小时动态脑电图癔病诱发试验对癔病与癫痫的鉴别诊断价值

目的寻找鉴别癔病性发作与癫痫发作的有效方法。方法对９６例发作性疾病患者进行２４小时动态脑电图监测及癔病诱发试验（ＡＥＥＧ－ＨＰＴ）研究。结果难治性癫痫疑伴癔病组（１８例）、癔病或癫痫发作诊断不定组（３６例）、癫痫组（１８例）、癔病组（２４例）４组中癔病诱发试验阳性率分别为７７．８％、６６．７％、５．６％、９１．７％；记录到非诱发下自发发作（癫痫或癔病）分别为３、７、３、１例；记录到发作间期癫痫性放电分别为１６、１８、１７、２例。９６．０％的患者明确诊断。结论ＡＥＥＧ－ＨＰＴ是鉴别癔病与癫痫发作的有效方法之一。     

Differential aspects of sleep epilepsy

A review of patients with epilepsy showed that 5.9% had seizures exclusively in sleep (ES) and 4.7% had seizures predominantly but not exclusively in sleep (PS). These groups were compared with a group (W) with seizures mainly in wakefulness. The following significant differences were obtained: 1) generalized convulsions predominated in the ES while partial seizures were more common among PS and W patients, 2) seizures occurred less frequently in the ES group, and 3) more W patients had EEGs with generalized epileptiform activity and positive family histories for epilepsy. We suggest the lower frequency of seizures in the ES group and the declining prevalence of sleep epilepsy are due to: 1) the high proportion of generalized as opposed to partial seizures in sleep and 2) more effective control of generalized seizures compared to partial seizures by modern anti-epileptic drug management.     

Diagnostic value of suspect epilepsy by means of 24 hour of ambulatory electroencephalogram]

106 cases of suspect epilepsy random observed by means of 24 hr tape recording of AEEG were given in this paper. Among them 57 cases. (accounting for 53.77%) are lightly abnormal including 42 cases (accounting for 39.62%) recorded as epilepsy burst. Comparing with EEG: Among 93 cases 25 cases as lightly abnormal by EEG (accounting for 26.88%), 52 cases recorded as lightly abnormal by AEEG (accounting for 55.91%) (P less than 0.005); arising rate of epilepsy burst 11 cases were recorded by EEG (accounting for 11.82%), 41 cases by AEEG (accounting for 44.01%) (P less than 0.005). The record of epilepsy burst patients monitored showed that positive rates of transient consciousness loss (8/15, 53.33%) and convulsions (9/19, 47.39%) are the highest. Abnormal burst time by AEEG is during sleeping (54 cases observed accounting for 77.14%) with positive rate highest at the same time, most accorded in the front temporal area (29/92, 31.52%). The author therefore, suppose that AEEG is more accurate to find abnormal bast wave or epilepsy burst wave than EEG because of superior condition in recording time to EEG and could offer more objective diagnosis reference for suspect epilepsy patients who are difficult to be checked clinically because of low positive rate of EEG.     

Twenty-Four-Hour Ambulatory EEG Monitoring in Infantile Spasms

Summary: Twenty-four-hour ambulatory EEG (AEEG) recordings were performed in 74 infants with West Syndrome (WS) who had not received corticosteroids before the recording. EEG analysis was performed visually for interictal background activity as well as for ictal events: spasms (isolated or in clusters) and other seizures either generalized or partial. Six hundred fifty-four seizures were recorded in 67 patients. Partial seizures (PS) were noted in 31 infants (51% of symptomatic WS cases, 33% of cryptogenic WS cases). In 14 patients, PS were immediately followed by a cluster of spasms consisting of a single ictal event. Patients with PS had an asymmetrical interictal background activity in 85% of cases, with no return to hypsarrhythmia between spasms in a given cluster. AEEG is a reliable method to detect and analyze ictal events in infants with WS. In this population, patients with unfavorable outcome of both epilepsy and psychomotor development have PS. Therefore, the existence of PS may contribute to etiologic diagnosis and prognostic evaluation.     

750例癫癎和非癫癎临床发作的动态脑电图监测

目的:探讨提高动态脑电图(AEEG)阳性准确率的描记方法及鉴别癫临床发作时样波真假的方法。方法:总结我院1998年8月-2004年6月AEEG监测到有临床发作患者750例分析报告体会。结果:有临床发作记录者750例(25.98%)。AEEG癫组样波发放率96.6%,可疑癫组21.1%,非癫组5.0%。本文有181例(24.13%)临床发作者为非性发作。结论:临床发作时的脑电图样波发放为癫诊断的最基本要素。所以规范AEEG检查、去伪存真是AEEG监测和报告的精髓。     

The influence of vigilance states on paroxysmal EEG activities and clinical seizures in children.

We studied the relationships between clinical variables and those related to the states of vigilance in 18 cases of benign partial epilepsy with centro-temporal spike-waves, 22 cases of definite symptomatic partial epilepsy, and 16 cases of undetermined partial epilepsy. The time of day during which the seizures appeared and the paroxysmal activity densities during non-REM and REM sleep are not distributed differently among the 3 electro-clinical types. However, the benign epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes group had more patients with sleep-sensitive paroxysmal activities. Patients who mainly had nocturnal seizures were found to have more frequent generalized seizures and a greater sleep-sensitive paroxysmal activity. Three cases demonstrated continuous spike-waves during sleep. The patients who had little or no paroxysmal activity during sleep were the youngest. This study illustrates that sleep-sensitive seizures and paroxysmal activities are not specific to benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes, and that seizures and paroxysmal activities are two manifestations associated with epilepsy, affected in different ways by states of vigilance.