葛根素对大鼠血脂和血粘度的影响

目的：研究葛根素对大鼠血脂、血粘度的影响。方法：将30只大鼠随机分为正常对照组、高脂饲料组、高脂饲料葛根素组三组进行喂养与给药,30天后测定大鼠的总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、全血粘度（低切）和血浆粘度。结果：与空白对照组相比,高脂饲料组大鼠的总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、全血粘度（低切）和血浆粘度含量明显增加（P〈0．01）,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量降低;与高脂饲料组相比,高脂饲料葛根素组大鼠的总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、全血粘度（低切）和血浆粘度明显降低（P〈0．01）。结论：葛根素具有明显的降低血脂、降低血粘度的作用。     

Evaluating Efficacy and Safety of Combination Medication of Atorvastatin and a Herbal Formula Containing Salvia miltiorrhiza and Pueraria lobata on Hyperlipidemia

Despite being a potent hypolipidemic drug, atorvastatin (AS) possesses certain adverse effects. Using AS and an herbal formula (Danshen and Gegen, DG) in combination may achieve potentiated hypolipidemic effects and also reduce its adverse effects. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of an AS and DG combination on high‐fat diet‐induced hyperlipidemia. Treatment outcomes were assessed by measuring parameters including body weight, adipose tissue, liver, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low‐density and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. Measurements of adverse effects were achieved by determining aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and creatine kinase (CK). Danshen and Gegen, as well as AS alone, reduced body weight, adipose tissue, liver weight, liver fat vacuoles, total liver lipids, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol in high‐fat diet‐fed mice but increased AST, ALT, and CK. A combination of AS and DG was able to enhance reduced effects on the aforementioned parameters in relation to hyperlipidemia over AS or DG alone. It also reduced the elevation of AST, ALT, and CK induced than by AS or DG alone. Results demonstrated that an AS and DG combination resulted in stronger hypolipidemic effects than with AS or DG alone. Additionally, DG might attenuate adverse effects of AS on the liver and skeletal muscle. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Hypolipidemic activity of Anethum graveolens in rats

The aerial parts of Anethum graveolens (dillweed) are used in Iran as a hypolipidemic agent. The scientific basis for its use has yet to be established. In this study the hypolipidemic activity of dill powder and its essential oil (its most important fraction) were evaluated in male Wistar rats (180 +/- 20 g) fed a high cholesterol diet. Anethum graveolens essential oil (AGEO) was prepared by hydrodistillation and analysed using GC/MS. AGEO had a yield of 2% and GC/MS analysis showed that alpha-phellandrene (32%), limonene (28%) and carvone (28%) were its major components. Daily oral administration of AGEO to rats at doses of 45, 90 and 180 mg/kg for 2 weeks significantly and in a dose-dependent manner reduced total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). AGEO also increased significantly high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Anethum graveolens powder when added to the diet of animals showed similar effects on serum lipids. It is concluded that Anethum graveolens has significant lipid lowering effects and is a promising cardioprotective agent.     

半合成高脂饲料和合成高脂饲料对大鼠糖脂代谢的影响

 目的 探讨半合成高脂饲料和合成高脂饲料对Wistar大鼠糖脂代谢的影响。方法 雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为3组,正常对照组（Con,n=7给予普通饲料;高脂1组（HF1,n=7给予合成高脂饲料;高脂2组（HF2,n=7给予半合成高脂饲料。观察大鼠体重变化、能量摄入、血清总甘油三酯、血清总胆固醇水平,进行胰岛素耐量实验和口服葡萄糖耐量实验。结果 与正常对照组大鼠相比,半合成高脂饲料和合成高脂饲料喂养的大鼠第1周出现体重显著性升高;第2周出现血清总甘油三酯水平显著性升高;第4周出现明显的糖耐量异常和胰岛素抵抗。结论 半合成高脂饲料和合成高脂饲料喂养的大鼠均可较好地模拟糖脂代谢异常的主要生理病理状态,具有肥胖、口服葡萄糖糖耐量异常、胰岛素抵抗、高甘油三酯血症等基本特征,并且半合成高脂饲料更适于诱导大鼠糖脂代谢异常。     

桑叶总黄酮对高脂血症动物的降血脂效应

 目的 观察桑叶总黄酮（ MTF ）的降血脂作用。 方法 用 Triton WR-1339 诱导建立急性高脂血症小鼠模型和高脂饲料建立高脂血症大鼠模型,分别测定小鼠和大鼠血清中的总胆固醇（ TC ）、甘油三脂（ TG ）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ HDL-C ）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ LDL-C ）的含量,并计算 HDL-C/TC 和 HDL-C/LDL-C 的比值 。 结果 MTF 能显著抵抗 Triton WR-1339 诱导的小鼠血清 TG , TC 和 LDL-C 等指标的升高,同时升高血清 HDL-C/TC 和 HDL-C/LDL-C 的比值。给药后 12 h 作用效果更明显。喂高脂饲料的大鼠模型也同样表明 MTF 具有降低血脂的作用,而且具有剂量依赖性。 结论 MTF 能剂量依赖性地降低高脂血症小鼠和大鼠的血脂水平,预防高脂血症的发生发展。     

Regulation of obesity and lipid disorders by extracts from Angelica acutiloba root in high-fat diet-induced obese rats

The aim of this study was to investigate the antiobesity and antihyperlipidemic effects of Angelica acutiloba root (Japanese Dong Quai). High‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced obese rats were treated orally with the polyphenolic‐rich extract of Angelica acutiloba root (AARE) once daily for 8 weeks. The AARE (300 mg/kg per day) supplementation significantly lowered body weight gain, visceral fat‐pad weights and plasma lipid levels, as well as the coronary artery risk index and the atherogenic index of HFD‐fed rats. The AARE caused dose related reductions in the hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol contents, as well as lowered hepatic lipid droplet accumulation and epididymal adipocyte size in the HFD‐fed rats. The AARE reversed the HFD‐induced down‐regulation of the hepatic peroxisome proliferator activated receptor‐α (PPARα). The HFD‐induced decreases of the hepatic protein level of acyl‐CoA oxidase (ACO), and the cytochrome P450 isoform 4A1 (CYP4A1) was up‐regulated by AARE. The elevated expressions of hepatic sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) of HFD‐fed rats were lowered by AARE. These results suggest that AARE attenuated visceral fat accumulation and improved hyperlipidemia in HFD‐induced obesity by increasing lipid metabolism through the down‐regulation of SREBPs and enhanced the expression of ACO and CYP4A1 in the liver, which was likely mediated by up‐regulation of the expression of hepatic PPARα. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

电针对非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠血脂及脂质过氧化反应的影响

目的：研究电针对非酒精性脂肪肝（Non—alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD）大鼠血脂及脂质过氧化反应的影响。方法：用高脂饲料诱导大鼠脂肪肝模型,同时给予电针治疗,观察肝组织病理形态的变化。测定血清甘油三酯（TG）、总胆回醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆回醇（HDL—C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C）;肝内丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）以及谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量的变化。结果：与脂肪肝模型组比较,电针组的肝组织脂肪变性和炎性损伤得以改善。血清TC、TG、LDL—C,肝内MDA、TG、TC显著降低,血清HDL—C,肝内SOD、GSH活性升高。结论：电针通过降低血脂,抑制氧化过程,减轻脂质过氧化反应,使肝组织的脂肪变性和炎性损伤得以改善。     

Fucoidan Prevents High‐Fat Diet‐Induced Obesity in Animals by Suppression of Fat Accumulation

This study examines the antiobesity effects of fucoidan in an animal model of diet‐induced obesity. Mice were fed a standard diet or high‐fat diet (HFD) for 5 weeks. After that, the mice were divided into four experimental groups, with 10 mice per group, including a standard diet group, HFD group, HFD containing 1% fucoidan (HFD + FUCO 1%) group and HFD containing 2% fucoidan (HFD + FUCO 2%) group. The fucoidan supplementation group had significantly decreased body‐weight gain, food efficiency ratio and relative liver and epididymal fat mass compared with the HFD group. The mice supplemented with fucoidan showed significantly reduced triglyceride, total cholesterol and low‐density lipoprotein levels in the plasma. Liver steatosis induced by the HFD improved in the fucoidan‐supplemented group. Furthermore, fucoidan affected the down‐regulation expression patterns of epididymal adipose tissue genes such as peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ, adipose‐specific fatty acid binding protein and acetyl CoA carboxylase. Therefore, fucoidan may be considered for use in improving obesity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

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??OBJECTIVE To investigate the hypolipidemic effect of polyphenols from Rubus suavissirnus S.Lee (RSLP) in hyperlipidemic rats and its mechanisms. METHODS Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, hyperlipidemia model group, positive control group, RSLP low, medium and high-dose groups(4.5, 9.0, 18.0 g??kg^-1??d^-1). The normal control group was fed normal diet and other five groups were fed high-fat diet. After administrations for 12 weeks, The contents of serum total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and fatty acid synthase(FAS) were measured. The contents of liver superoxide dismutase(SOD), malondialdehyde(MDA) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) were detected. RESULTS RSLP could obviously decrease the contents of serum TC, TG, LDL-C, ALT and FAS, increase the contents of serum HDL-C and liver SOD, reduce the contents of liver MDA and GSH-Px. CONCLUSION RSLP can significantly decrease blood lipid.     

Decursin, an active compound isolated from Angelica gigas, inhibits fat accumulation, reduces adipocytokine secretion and improves glucose tolerance in mice fed a high-fat diet

Decursin (De), an active component of Angelica gigas, is known to exert anticancer and neuroprotective effects. However, its antiobesity and antidiabetic potential has not yet been investigated. This study evaluated the antiobesity effect of decursin, particularly focusing on its ability to inhibit adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. Decursin treatment resulted in the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation and the expression of fatty acid synthase. The study further investigated these antiobesity effects using mice fed a normal diet (ND), a high-fat diet (HFD) and a HFD plus decursin 200 mg/kg diet (HFD + De) for 7 weeks. Mice administered HFD plus decursin showed a drastic decrease in weight gain, triglyceride content, total cholesterol content and fat size compared with those that received the HFD alone; this was observed despite similar quantities of total food intake. Furthermore, decursin improved glucose tolerance in mice fed a HFD. Finally, administration of decursin along with the HFD significantly reduced the secretion of HFD-induced adipocytokines such as leptin, resistin, IL-6 and MCP-1. These results suggest that decursin might be useful for the treatment of obesity and diabetes.     

Shengmai San reduces hepatic lipids and lipid peroxidation in rats fed on a high-cholesterol diet

Shengmai San (SMS), which is comprised of the medicinal herbs of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, Schisandra chinensis Baill., and Ophiopogon japonicus Ker-Gawl (2:1:2)., is a traditional Chinese medicine being used for treating coronary heart disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of SMS on the plasma and liver lipids, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant systems in liver and heart of cholesterol-fed rats. Rats were fed on a high-cholesterol (0.5%) diet (control group), high-cholesterol diet containing 2% SMS (2% SMS group) and 4% SMS (4% SMS group) for four weeks. The oxidative stress marker (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS) and antioxidant defense systems including glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in rat liver and heart were evaluated. Results showed that rats fed with SMS-containing diet had reduced the H(2)O(2)-induced erythrocytes susceptibility to hemolysis, and 4% SMS feeding rats had higher plasma GSH concentration compared to the animals fed with the control diet. However, SMS had no effect on plasma lipids (total cholesterol, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and TBARS concentration. On the other hand, rats fed with the 4% SMS diet reduced the hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride contents. Fecal bile acid excretion was significantly increased in rats fed with the SMS-containing diet. Higher hepatic GSH and lower TBARS concentrations were observed in rats fed with the 4% SMS diet compared with the rats fed with the control diet. No significant difference in activities of GSH-Px, GST and SOD was found in liver and heart after the SMS treatment. Results from this study indicate that the SMS may reduce hepatic lipids and lipid peroxidation in rats.     

鹰嘴豆黄酮对大鼠高血脂症形成过程中脂代谢的干预作用

研究鹰嘴豆黄酮对高脂饲料喂养吓大鼠诱发高血脂症过程中干预血脂代谢的情况。将60只SD雄性大鼠,随机分为正常对照组、高血脂模型组、辛伐他汀阳性药组（20mg／kg·bw）、鹰嘴豆黄酮高剂量组（30mg／kg·bw）、中剂量组（20mg／kg·bw）、低剂量组（10mg／kg·bw）,分别饲喂标准、高脂、高脂＋辛伐他汀、高脂＋不同剂量鹰嘴豆黄酮,于实验开始前1天和开始后第4、8、12周末取空腹血,检测血清甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）、低密度降低（P〈0．01）,而HDL—C升高（P〈0．01）。研究表明鹰嘴豆黄酮可以对高脂饲料喂养大鼠诱发高血脂症过程中血脂代谢产生影响,改善血脂变化。     

天水丹胶囊对高脂血症大鼠血脂的调节作用观察

目的 观察天水丹胶囊对高脂血症大鼠血脂的调节作用。方法 采用喂食高脂饲料方法复制大高脂血症模型,以脂必妥为对照,检测各组大鼠血清中脂质含量。结果 天水丹胶囊可显著降低模型大鼠血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL－C）及动脉硬化指数（AI）,升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL－C）含量。结论 天水丹胶囊具有调节血脂和防止动脉硬化形成作用。     

Hypolipidemic Effect and Mechanism of Palmatine from Coptis chinensis in Hamsters Fed High‐Fat diet

Palmatine (PAL) is one of the main alkaloids in Coptis chinensis. The present aim was to investigate the hypolipidemic effect and mechanism of palmatine in hamsters fed with high‐fat diet (HFD). PAL treatment decreased serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) levels, as well as increased fecal excretion of TC and total bile acids (TBA) in hyperlipidemic hamsters. Furthermore, PAL treatment up‐regulated low‐density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and cholesterol 7α‐hydroxylase (CYP7A1) mRNA and protein expression and down‐regulated apical sodium‐dependent bile salt transporter (ASBT) mRNA and protein expression. These results demonstrated that PAL as a potential natural cholesterol lowering agent works by up‐regulating LDLR and CYP7A1 mRNA and protein expression, down‐regulating ASBT mRNA and protein expression, as well as enhancing fecal excretion of TC and TBA. The findings in our study suggest that palmatine could be a potential natural agent for treating hyperlipidemia. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Hypolipidemic activity of aqueous extract of Withania coagulans Dunal in albino rats

Administration of an aqueous extract of fruits of Withania coagulans (1 g/kg; p.o.) to high fat diet induced hyperlipidemic rats for 7 weeks, significantly reduced elevated serum cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoprotein levels. This drug also showed hypolipidemic activity in triton induced hypercholesterolemia. The histopathological examination of liver tissues of treated hyperlipidemic rats showed comparatively lesser degenerative changes compared with hyperlipidemic controls. The hypolipidemic effect of W. coagulans fruits was found to be comparable to that of an Ayurvedic product containing Commiphora mukkul.     

潼白蒺藜药对调节高脂血症模型大鼠血脂作用及机制研究

目的：探究潼白蒺藜对高脂血症模型大鼠血脂水平的影响及机制,为药对协同降血脂的临床应用提供参考。方法：48只SPF级SD大鼠随机等分为正常对照组,高脂模型组,辛伐他汀组、潼白蒺藜药对组,并设白蒺藜组,潼蒺藜组对比。正常对照组采用基础饲料喂养,其余各组采用高脂饲料饲喂法建立高脂血症大鼠模型,造模的同时预防性给药,用潼蒺藜水提物、白蒺藜水提物、潼白蒺藜药对水提物和阳性对照药辛伐他汀分别灌胃,6周后检测大鼠体重及各脏器指数、并检测血清总胆固醇（Total cholesterol,TC）、甘油三酯（Triglyceride,TG）、高密度脂蛋白（high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白（high density lipoproteincholesterol,LDL-C）的含量,RT-PCR及western blot检测各组肝脏组织三羟基三甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A还原酶（3-Hydroxy- 3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase,HMGCR）、胆固醇7a 羟化酶（Cytochrome P450 7A1,CYP7A1）、低密度脂蛋白受体（Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor,LDL-R）mRNA及蛋白表达。结果：三组中药组均不同程度降低高脂模型大鼠血液TC、TG、LDL-C含量,提高HDL-C含量,其中潼白蒺藜药对更加显著（P<0.01）;三组中药组均能提高脂模型大鼠肝脏HMGCR、CYP7A1、LDL-R基因及蛋白表达,潼白蒺藜药对组疗效更为显著。结论：潼白蒺藜药对能显著调节机体的血脂水平,有效预防高脂血症,发挥协同增效作用,且其机制可能与调节HMGCR、CYP7A1、LDL-R表达有关。     

晶珠降脂排毒胶囊对大鼠血脂的影响

晶珠降脂排毒胶囊ig给药1g/kg能明显降低正常大鼠的血清总胆固醇（TC）,低密度脂蛋白（LDL－C）（P＜0．05和P＜0．01）1g/kg、0．5g／kg能明显降低实验性高脂大鼠的TC、甘油三酯（TG）和LDL－C（P＜0．01）,同时亦可明显降低动脉粥样硬化指数（AI）、冠心指数（R－CHD）两项指数（P＜0．05）。提示晶珠降脂排毒胶囊具有良好调理血脂作用。