益肾清利活血方联合雷公藤多苷片治疗慢性肾小球肾炎的临床研究

目的探讨益肾清利活血方联合雷公藤多苷片治疗慢性肾小球肾炎的临床疗效。方法将本院收治的66例慢性肾小球肾炎患者随机分为三组,每组22例。对照组给予西医常规治疗,A组患者在对照组的基础上加雷公藤多苷片治疗,B组在A组的基础上加益肾清利活血方进行治疗;对三组患者治疗前后的血β-微球蛋白（β-MG）、24 h尿蛋白定量、疗效及A、B组使用雷公藤多苷的不良反应进行比较。结果治疗后A、B组患者的血β-MG、24 h尿蛋白定量较对照组明显降低（P〈0.05）;而A组与B组间比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。A组总有效率为81.8%,B组为86.4%,两组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;对照组的总有效率为63.6%,明显低于A、B组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。A组雷公藤多苷的不良反应发生率为36.4%,明显高于B组的13.6%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论益肾清利活血方可明显降低雷公藤多苷的不良反应,两者联合疗效显著,具有较好的临床应用价值。     

雷公藤多苷片合益肾活血方对IgA肾病尿IL-6、TNF-α水平的影响

目的 观察雷公藤多苷片合益肾活血方对IgA肾病患者中尿IL-6、TNF-α水平的影响,探讨雷公藤多苷片合益肾活血方治疗IgA肾病的作用机制。方法 将174例IgA肾病患者按随机数字表法分为观察组96例和对照组78例。两组均以氯沙坦钾片50mg/d作为基础治疗,观察组在基础治疗上再予以雷公藤多苷片合益肾活血方治疗,对照组则在基础治疗上予以雷公藤多苷片合益肾活血方的模拟剂治疗,疗程12周。观察治疗前后肝肾功能、尿蛋白定量、尿IL-6和TNF-α水平的变化。观察两组不良反应发生情况。结果两组患者治疗后肾功能稳定、尿蛋白定量均有下降,而观察组肾功能改善及尿蛋白下降更明显（P＜0.05）;观察组尿IL-6和TNF-α水平均有下降,而对照组仅尿IL-6有所下降,两组比较有统计学差异（P＜0.05）。观察组不良反应发生率为15.62％,对照组为6.41％,两组间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论雷公藤多苷片合益肾活血方治疗IgA肾病能稳定肾功能、减少蛋白尿、降低尿中炎症因子IL-6和TNF-α的水平。     

雷公藤多苷联合厄贝沙坦对IgA肾病疗效及尿足细胞排泄的影响

背景　IgA肾病是全球最常见的原发性肾小球疾病,也是导致终末期肾功能衰竭（ESRD）的常见原因。目前临床上主要采用雷公藤多苷、厄贝沙坦等免疫抑制剂进行治疗,但两者是否具有协同作用从根源上缓解IgA肾病的进展尚未被证实。目的　探讨雷公藤多苷联合厄贝沙坦治疗IgA肾病患者的疗效及其对尿足细胞排泄的影响。方法　根据纳入与排除标准,选取2014年1月-2016年12月河南省人民医院收治的IgA肾病患者128例为研究对象。根据治疗方式,将研究对象分为雷公藤多苷组（42例）、厄贝沙坦组（40例）和联合治疗组（46例）。雷公藤多苷组口服雷公藤多苷片20 mg/次,3次/d;厄贝沙坦组口服厄贝沙坦片150 mg/次,2次/d;联合治疗组同时服用雷公藤多苷片（20 mg/次,3次/d）和厄贝沙坦片（150 mg/次,2次/d）;所有患者治疗12周。收集患者一般资料,治疗前后血压（收缩压、舒张压）、实验室指标〔血肌酐（Scr）、血尿素氮（BUN）、血尿酸（SUA）、血清清蛋白（Alb）、总胆固醇（TC）、估算肾小球滤过率（eGFR）、24 h尿蛋白〕,尿蛋白缓解效果及不良反应,治疗前后尿足细胞。结果　联合治疗组治疗后Alb高于雷公藤多苷组、厄贝沙坦组,治疗后24 h尿蛋白低于雷公藤多苷组、厄贝沙坦组（P<0.05）。雷公藤多苷组、厄贝沙坦组、联合治疗组治疗后Scr、24 h尿蛋白均低于本组治疗前,治疗后Alb、eGFR均高于本组治疗前（P<0.05）;联合治疗组治疗后BUN、SUA低于本组治疗前（P<0.05）。联合治疗组治疗有效率高于雷公藤多苷组、厄贝沙坦组（P<0.05）。3组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。联合治疗组治疗后尿足细胞少于雷公藤多苷组、厄贝沙坦组（P<0.05）。雷公藤多苷组、厄贝沙坦组、联合治疗组治疗后尿足细胞均少于本组治疗前（P<0.05）。结论　雷公藤多苷联合厄贝沙坦治疗IgA肾病患者疗效及减少尿足细胞排泄的效果优于单一雷公藤多苷或厄贝沙坦治疗方案,即二药联用对肾足细胞损伤具有更好的协同保护作用,从而延缓了病情的进展。     

益肾活血方加减治疗肾病综合征的临床研究

目的探讨益肾活血方加减治疗肾病综合征（NS）的临床疗效,为中西医结合治疗肾病综合征探索可行途径。方法66例临床及病理确诊的NS患者随机分为治疗组（益肾活血方＋强的松）和对照组（强的松）,观察两组治疗前后的临床疗效、24小时尿蛋白定量、尿α1微球蛋白（α1-MG）、尿β2微球蛋白（β2-MG）,尿N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）及血肌酐（Scr）、尿素氮（BUN）的水平。结果治疗组总有效率（93.94%）高于对照组（75.75%）;治疗后两组各项生化指标均有改善（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）,治疗组指标改善更明显（P〈0.05）。结论益肾活血方加减治疗NS能提高疗效,改善患者的各项生化指标。     

雷公藤多苷治疗糖尿病肾病的随机对照研究

目的探讨雷公藤多苷治疗糖尿病肾病的临床疗效及安全性。方法随机将入选的80例糖尿病肾病患者分为观察组和对照组各40例,两组均采用糖尿病常规综合治疗。观察组在此基础上加用雷公藤多苷,疗程均为6个月。测量比较治疗前后患者24h尿蛋白定量、尿β2-微量蛋白、血尿素氮和血肌酐的变化。结果观察组24h尿蛋白定量、尿β2-MG较治疗前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组24h尿蛋白定量、尿β2-MG较治疗前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗前后的血尿素氮和血肌酐无明显变化,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组降尿蛋白作用较对照组更为明显,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。公藤多苷治疗未见明显不良反应。结论在常规治疗的基础上,加用雷公藤多苷片降低尿蛋白更有效,且安全可靠。     

中西医结合治疗IgA肾病的临床疗效观察

目的探讨中西医结合治疗IgA肾病的临床疗效。方法选择86例IgA肾病患者,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组43例。对照组采用雷公藤多苷片及氯沙坦钾片口服治疗,观察组在此基础上加用中药汤剂口服治疗。比较2组患者治疗前后血肌酐、尿红细胞计数、尿蛋白水平及临床疗效、不良反应发生情况。结果治疗后,观察组总有效率显著高于对照组(P0.05);观察组尿红细胞计数、血肌酐、尿蛋白水平的改善程度明显优于对照组(P0.05);2组不良反应发生情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 IgA肾病患者采用中西医结合治疗,可显著提高临床疗效,降低尿红细胞计数、血肌酐、尿蛋白水平。     

不同方法治疗肾病综合征临床疗效分析

目的探讨不同方法治疗肾病综合征临床效果。方法选取该院收治的肾病综合症病人82例,随机分为研究者和对照组,研究组使用甲泼尼松和雷公藤多苷联合治疗,对照组使用单用甲泼尼松进行治疗,比较两组治疗效果。结果研究组患者有28例完全缓解,10例患者病情有缓解,总有效率达到92.7%,4例患者复发,和对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在通过24h治疗后尿蛋白含量相比较,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论激素与雷公藤多苷一起用药治疗肾病综合征可以有效增加激素使用效果,减少患者复发率,有临床推广价值。     

雷公藤多甙片联合前列地尔治疗糖尿病肾病的临床效果研究

目的 探究雷公藤多甙片联合前列地尔治疗糖尿病肾病(DN)的临床效果.方法 整群选取该院2013年1月—2015年7月收治的88例糖尿病肾病患者作为研究对象,采取随机数字表法将所有患者分为研究组(44例)和对照组(44例),对照组患者予以前列地尔治疗,研究组患者在对照组治疗基础上联合雷公藤多甙片治疗,对比两组患者治疗后临床治疗效果及各项生化指标(24 h尿蛋白定量、血肌酐、血尿素氮、血白蛋白、三酰甘油)、不良反应情况.结果 治疗后两组患者总有效率对比,研究组总有效率为97.73%,对照组为84.09%,研究组总有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗后24 h尿蛋白定量、血白蛋白、三酰甘油指标对比,研究组均明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);研究组治疗后总不良反应率为2.27%,对照组为13.64%,研究组总不良反应率明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 糖尿病肾病患者采取雷公藤多甙片联合前列地尔治疗临床效果显著,可明显改善患者临床症状,促进患者更快康复,却不良反应少,安全可靠,具有极高临床应用与推广价值.     

贝那普利联合硫唑嘌呤治疗中等量蛋白尿IgA肾病的疗效分析

①目的 探讨贝那普利联合硫唑嘌呤对中等量蛋白尿IgA肾病的治疗疗效.②方法 选择我院经肾穿刺活检术确诊为IgA肾病患者42例作为研究对象,根据就诊先后随机分为联合观察组(贝那普利联合硫唑嘌呤)和对照组(仅贝那普利)各21例.观察组在病理诊断给予贝那普利10mg/d,硫唑嘌呤1.5mg/kg·d治疗.对照组给予贝那普利10mg/d口服治疗.观察比较两组的临床疗效及用药前1天和治疗后12个月患者的血肌酐(SCr)、24小时尿蛋白、尿β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)的变化情况.③结果 经过12个月的治疗,对照组的尿蛋白治疗后较治疗前下降,尿β2-MG较前下降,血肌酐变化不明显;而联合观察组治疗后12个月的24小时尿蛋白、尿β2-MG分别较治疗前有显著变化,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),血肌酐无明显升高.联合观察组的有效率为76.2%,对照组的有效率为23.8%,两组疗效比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).④结论 对IgA肾病病理Lee分级为Ⅲ~Ⅳ级,24小时尿蛋白定量在1~3.5g之间的患者,贝那普利联合硫唑嘌呤在保护患者肾功能及降低患者的尿蛋白方面优于单用贝那普利的疗效,可以明显降低尿蛋白,改善肾功能,保护肾小管功能.     

雷公藤多苷联合白芍总苷治疗干燥综合征的效果

目的:观察雷公藤多苷联合白芍总苷治疗干燥综合征的临床效果。方法:选取84例干燥综合征患者作为观察对象,依据随机数字表法将其分为对照组和研究组各42例,对照组采用雷公藤多苷治疗,研究组在对照组的基础上联合白芍总苷治疗,比较两组临床疗效及不良反应发生率。结果:研究组治疗有效率为95.24%(40/42),明显高于对照组的73.81%(31/42),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组不良反应发生率9.52%,显著低于对照组的28.57%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:雷公藤多苷联合白芍总苷治疗干燥综合征患者能提高治疗有效率和降低不良反应发生率,效果优于单纯雷公藤多苷治,。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.