腹腔镜Nissen和Toupet胃底折叠术治疗食管裂孔疝合并胃食管反流病的术后效果评价

目的探讨腹腔镜Nissen和Toupet胃底折叠术治疗食管裂孔疝合并胃食管反流病的疗效和术后并发症。 方法回顾性分析2014年7月至2016年7月,在中国医科大学附属盛京医院行腹腔镜下食管裂孔疝修补联合胃底折叠术的57例食管裂孔疝合并胃食管反流病患者的临床资料,其中24例行Nissen胃底折叠术式(Nissen组),33例行Toupet胃底折叠术式(Toupet组)。观察并比较2组患者的术后抗反流效果及发生术后并发症情况。 结果57例均顺利完成腹腔镜下手术,无中转开腹,手术时间68～115 min,平均手术时间(75.8±6.4)min;术中出血量15～30 ml,平均出血量(22±5)ml;2组患者均使用补片行食管裂孔疝修补术;术后24 h进流食,术后平均住院日(10.5±3)d。2组患者手术时间,出血量,住院日无明显差别。57例患者均得到随访,随访时间为6个月至2.5年,平均随访时间为18个月。术后均未出现反酸,烧心等胃食管反流病典型症状,无复发病例。Nissen组术后有2例(8.2%)患者出现吞咽困难,Toupet组术后有8例(24.2%)出现吞咽困难,Toupet组术后并发症发生率明显高于Nissen组。术前伴有胃食管反流病的患者行胃镜检查均有不同程度的食管炎症,所有患者术后均复查胃镜、食管测压及食管24 h pH值监测。复查结果显示,2组患者术后较术前食管下括约肌压力均有明显改善,食管下括约肌长度也均明显延长。 结论腹腔镜下Nissen术式在术后出现吞咽困难发生率上少于Toupet术式,但2种术式抗反流效果无明显差异。     

聚丙烯补片在腹腔镜下食管裂孔疝修补联合胃底折叠术的临床应用

目的探讨聚丙烯补片在腹腔镜下食管裂孔疝修补联合胃底折叠术治疗食管裂孔疝合并胃食管反流病的临床疗效。 方法回顾性分析新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院2013年5月至2015年3月,住院治疗并使用聚丙烯补片(强生PHY补片)行腹腔镜下食管裂孔疝修补术联合胃底折叠术的38例患者临床资料,总结上述患者术前、术后6个月24 h食管pH监测、高分辨率食管测压、胃食管反流病调查问卷(GERD-Q)量表评分及术后并发症特点。 结果全部患者手术顺利无中转术式等情况,其中Nissen术式27例,Toupet术式8例,Dor术式3例。术后患者反流症状均较术前明显改善,术后反流时间、反流次数、DeMeester评分、GERD-Q量表评分等较术前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后出现吞咽困难3例,腹部胀气2例,随访过程中无严重并发症发生,无复发。 结论使用聚丙烯补片行腔镜食管裂孔疝修补联合胃底折叠术是治疗食管裂孔疝的有效方法,具有微创、恢复快、并发症少、复发率低等特点。     

Healing of severe reflux esophagitis with PPI does not improve esophageal dysmotility

Esophageal dysmotility is frequently associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the severity of reflux esophagitis and esophageal dysmotility and evaluate the effect of prolonged treatment with proton pump inhibitor (lansoprazole 30 mg/day) on esophageal motility in patients with severe reflux esophagitis associated with esophageal motility disorder. Twelve healthy subjects (HS) and 100 patients with reflux disease were involved in the study consisting of two parts: (i) comparison of esophageal motility in HS and patients with non-eroseive reflux disease (NERD), mild esophagitis and severe esophagitis; (ii) effect of 3-6 months lansoprazole therapy on esophageal motility in 23 patients with severe esophagitis, pathologic acid reflux and esophageal peristaltic dysfunction. Results included the following. (i) Esophageal dysmotility was noted in both patients with NERD and erosive GERD. (ii) Severe esophagitis was associated with severe esophageal dysmotility. (iii) Healing of severe esophagitis did not improve esophageal dysmotility. The resting lower esophageal sphincter pressure was 3.9 mmHg (range 1.7-20) before treatment and 4.8 mmHg (range 1.2-18.3) after esophagitis healing (P = 0.23, vs. before treatment), the amplitude of distal esophageal contraction was 28.8 mmHg (range 10.9-80.6) before treatment and 33.3 mmHg (range 10.0-72.5) after esophagitis healing (P = 0.59, vs. before treatment) and the frequency of failed peristalsis was 70% (range 0-100%) before treatment and 70% (range 0-100%) after esophagitis healing (P = 0.78, vs. before treatment). Both esophageal motility disorders and acid reflux play important roles in the mechanism of GERD, especially in severe esophagitis. Esophageal dysmotility is not secondary to acid reflux and esophagitis; it should be a primary motility disorder.     

Gas-related symptoms after laparoscopic 360° Nissen or 270° Toupet fundoplication in gastrooesophageal reflux disease patients with aerophagia as comorbidity

BACKGROUND: Aerophagia is a rare but well-known comorbidity in patients with gastrooesophageal reflux disease. Particularly after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication, it has proven to result in worse symptomatic outcome and a lower postoperative quality of life in comparison to patients without preoperative gas-related symptoms. AIMS: Aim of the study was to compare the postoperative outcome in gastrooesophageal reflux disease patients with aerophagia as comorbidity after either laparoscopic 360 degrees 'floppy' Nissen fundoplication or 270 degrees Toupet fundoplication with main focus on the frequency and subjective impairment of gas-related symptoms. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 56 gastrooesophageal reflux disease patients, the comorbidity of aerophagia was diagnosed prior to laparoscopic antireflux surgery. Irrespective of their preoperative manometric findings, the patients were either scheduled to a laparoscopic 360 degrees 'floppy' Nissen (n=28) or a laparoscopic 270 degrees Toupet fundoplication (n=28). All patients have been analysed concerning the presence of gas-related symptoms preoperatively as well as 3 months after surgery. Additionally, the subjective degree of impairment was evaluated using a numerous rating scale (0=no perception/impairment, 100=most severe perception/impairment). The following symptoms have been analysed: ability/inability to belch, 'gas bloat', flatulence, postprandial fullness and epigastric pain. RESULTS: Before surgery, there were no significant differences between both surgical groups. Three months after surgery, significant differences (p<0.05-0.01) were found: patients who underwent a laparoscopic 270 degrees Toupet fundoplication suffered from less impairing gas bloat, flatulence and postprandial fullness when compared with patients with a 360 degrees 'floppy' Nissen fundoplication. The majority of these patients were able to belch postoperatively but felt no impairment due to this symptom. In contrast, patients of the Nissen group felt a significant impairment due to the inability to belch. CONCLUSION: Gas-related symptoms are very common in gastrooesophageal reflux disease patients with aerophagia as a comorbidity. Patients who undergo a laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication show less impairment in relation to gas-related problems compared with patients treated with a Nissen fundoplication for a follow-up period of at least 3 months. In the Toupet group, the ability to belch postoperatively seems to be a positive aspect from the patients' view which also improves the percentage of gas-related problems. However, long-term results are necessary.     

Laparoscopic antireflux surgery: indications, preoperative evaluation, techniques, and outcomes

BACKGROUND/AIMS: During the past decade, the development of mini-invasive surgery has determined a resurgence in popularity of the antireflux surgery. The purpose of this study is to examine indications, preoperative evaluation, surgical techniques, and outcomes after mini-invasive surgery. METHODOLOGY: From 1996 to 2000, 25 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease associated to hiatal hernia underwent laparoscopic surgery. The indication for surgery was failure of long-term medical therapy. All patients had severe acid reflux on 24h-pH monitoring, endoscopic evidence of esophagitis, and defective lower esophageal sphincter. Nissen fundoplication was performed in 16 patients with normal esophageal body motility, and 270 degrees posterior fundoplication in 9 patients with low esophageal motility. RESULTS: Mortality and conversion rate were 0. Mean operative time was 130 minutes and mean postoperative hospital stay 5 days. Twenty-four (96%) patients were completely cured of reflux symptoms off all medications. Transient, mild postoperative dysphagia occurred in 3 patients (12%). There was a significant improvement of the results in postoperative esophageal manometry and 24h-pH monitoring. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the fact that few patients were treated by using laparoscopic approach, results are encouraging with less morbidity and great advantages for patients. Precise selection of patients and surgical techniques are essential.     

Preoperative esophageal body motility does not influence the outcome of laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux disease.

We evaluated a policy of performing laparoscopic antireflux surgery without tailoring the procedure to the results of preoperative esophageal motility tests. A total of 117 patients (82 with normal esophageal motility; 35 with ineffective motility, IEM) underwent laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication for symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux. There were no significant differences in preoperative symptom length, dysphagia, DeMeester symptom scores, acid exposure times or lower esophageal sphincter pressures between the two groups. Both groups showed postoperative improvements in DeMeester symptom scores, dysphagia and acid exposure, with no differences between groups. At 1 year after surgery, 95% of the normal motility group and 91% of the IEM group had a good/excellent outcome from surgery. None of the IEM group required postoperative dilatation or reoperation. Patients with IEM fare equally well from laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication as those with normal esophageal motility. There is no merit in tailoring antireflux surgery to the results of preoperative motility tests.     

Duodenogastroesophageal reflux: results of medical treatment and antireflux surgery

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recent studies have shown that reflux of the duodenal content to the esophagus plays an important role in esophageal mucosal damage. The aim of the study is to compare the duodenogastroesophageal (DGER) reflux with the severity of reflux esophagitis and evaluate its response to either medical and/or antireflux surgery. METHODOLOGY: Ninety-six patients with DGER were subjected to thorough history, upper GI endoscopy, barium study, esophageal manometry and 24-hr esophageal pH metry combined with Bilitec 2000. Medical treatment was given for all, while Nissen fundoplication was done for 28 patients. All patients were evaluated after Nissen fundoplication and treatment. RESULTS: The age of studied patients was 36.26+/-12.7 years with male to female ratio 2:1. The chief symptom was heartburn in 73 (76%) patients. Upper GI endoscopy revealed, 30 (31.2%) patients had grade I reflux, 30 (31.2%) patients had grade II reflux, 7 patients had grade III reflux, 5 patients had grade VI reflux, Barrett's esophagus in 14 patients (14.5%), hiatus hernia (HH) in 26 (27%) patients. Barium study revealed that, 40 (41.6%) patients had evidence of reflux, while 34 (35.4%) patients had reflux with HH. Esophageal motility revealed the mean LESP (12.7+/-7.6), 68 patients (70.8%) had normotensive body while ineffective esophageal body motility was encountered in 28 (29.1%) patients. Esophageal 24-hr pH study and Bilitec 2000 revealed that 54 (56.2%) patients had bile reflux with pathological acid reflux, while 42 (43.7%) patients had bile reflux in alkaline pH. Medical treatment gave excellent to good response in 68 (70.8%) patients, while Nissen fundoplication was done for 28 (29.2%) patients. Endoscopic examination 6 months after Nissen fundoplication showed marked improvement in endoscopic injury. Barium study after Nissen fundoplication revealed repair of HH and control of GERD in all patients except one. Esophageal motility, 24 hr pH study and Bilitec 2000, after 6 months of Nissen shows high significant increase in LESP, decrease in acid and bile reflux. No significant difference between open or laparoscopic fundoplication in LESP, acid and bile reflux. CONCLUSIONS: DGER in acid medium is more injurious to the esophagus than DGER in alkaline pH. The severity of esophageal injury does not correlate with the severity of acid or bile reflux but has a direct correlation with impaired distal esophageal motility. Medical treatment gives satisfactory control of symptoms and healing of esophageal lesion in 70% of DGER. The response to medical treatment does not depend on the severity of esophageal injury but depends on the severity of bile and acid reflux. Nissen fundoplication in refractory patients, either open or laparoscopic, was effective in control of heartburn in 95% of patients contrary to 50% in mixed symptoms.     

胃食管吻合术联合Nissen胃底折叠术对食管中段癌患者术后胃食管反流的影响

目的探讨胃食管吻合术联合Nissen胃底折叠术对食管中段癌术后患者胃食管反流的影响。 方法选取2015年9月至2017年3月,新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院住院并行食管癌切除术31例食管中段癌患者的临床资料。根据手术方式分为2组,即接受胃食管吻合术联合Nissen胃底折叠术15例（观察组）,接受胃食管吻合术16例（对照组）,术后2周待患者恢复正常的胃肠道功能后采用pH动态监测仪对其进行24 h pH监测,术后1、3、6、12个月依据胃食管反流病调查问卷（GerdQ）对患者的胃食管反流相关症状进行评分,比较2组患者术后胃食管反流发生情况。 结果2组患者均未出现死亡病例,且术后均未发生有吻合口瘘及胸胃排空障碍等并发症;观察组患者术后2周24 h酸反流次数显著少于对照组、最长酸反流时间和pH值<4的总时间短于对照组,DeMeester评分显著低于对照组,组间比较均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组术后3、6、12个月胃食管反流病调查问卷（GerdQ）评分显著低于对照组,组间比较均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论胃食管吻合术联合Nissen胃底折叠术对食管癌切术后的胃食管反流病情起到更为理想的控制效果,为食管中段癌患者术中吻合术式的选择提供一定参考价值。     

Partial fundoplications for gastroesophageal reflux disease: indications and current status.

The Nissen fundoplication, and in particular the laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication, has received widespread acceptance as the most definitive therapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease. There remains, however, certain patients who do better with a less aggressive surgical augmentation of the lower esophageal sphincter. Partial fundoplications originated in the early 1960s as an alternative procedure to the Nissen, which was associated with moderately high rates of postoperative side effects. These "more physiologic" procedures have proved successful in the treatment of reflux disease in patients with poor or no esophageal motility. In particular, the use of partial fundoplications in association with Heller's myotomy for achalasia has been demonstrated to be well tolerated and to reduce the risk of late dysphasia resulting from uncontrolled gastroesophageal reflux (GER). The use of partial fundoplications in GER patients with normal motility, however, has been less successful. High recurrence rates are documented by many centers with the main cause appearing to be related to a less competent neo-lower esophageal sphincter and a higher rate of wrap herniation. This has led to the current practice of a "tailored approach" to reflux disease, in which all patients receive a thorough preoperative physiologic evaluation to determine the best antireflux procedure for the individual. This is generally a Nissen repair for those with normal motility and either an extrashort "floppy" Nissen or a partial wrap for those with impaired peristalsis.     

Short-term symptom and quality-of-life comparison between laparoscopic Nissen and Toupet fundoplications

Laparoscopic antireflux surgery is an established method of treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This study evaluates the efficacy of Nissen versus Toupet fundoplication in alleviating the symptoms of GERD and compares the two techniques for the development of post-fundoplication symptoms and quality of life (QOL) at 12 months post-surgery. In this prospective consecutive cohort study, 94 patients presenting for laparoscopic antireflux surgery underwent either laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LN) ( n  = 51) from February 2002 to February 2004 or a laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication (LT) ( n  = 43) from March 2004 to March 2006, performed by a single surgeon (G. S. S.). Symptom assessment, a QOL scoring instrument, and dysphagia questionnaires were applied pre- and postoperatively. At 12 months post-surgery, patient satisfaction levels in both groups were high and similar (LT: 98%, LN: 90%; P  = 0.21). The proportion of patients reporting improvement in their reflux symptoms was similar in both groups (LT: 95%, LN: 92%; P  = 0.68), as were post-fundoplication symptoms (LT: 30%, LN: 37%; P  = 0.52). Six patients in the Nissen group required dilatation for dysphagia compared with one in the Toupet group (LT: 2%, LN: 12%; P  = 0.12). One patient in the Nissen group required conversion to Toupet for persistent dysphagia ( P  = 0.54). In this series, overall symptom improvement, QOL, and patient satisfaction were equivalent 12 months following laparoscopic Nissen or Toupet fundoplication. There was no difference in post-fundoplication symptoms between the two groups, although there was a trend toward a higher dilatation requirement and reoperation after Nissen fundoplication.     

Lung transplantation in patients with connective tissue disorders and esophageal dysmotility

SUMMARY. Lung and esophageal dysfunction are common in patients with connective tissue disease (CTD). Recent reports have suggested a link between pathologic gastroesophageal reflux and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) after lung transplant. Because patients with CTD have a high incidence of esophageal dysmotility and reflux, this group may be at increased risk of allograft dysfunction after lung transplantation. Little is known about antireflux surgery in these patients. Our aims were to describe: (i) the esophageal motility and reflux profile of patients with CTD referred for lung transplantation; and (ii) the safety and outcomes of laparoscopic fundoplication in this group. A retrospective review of 26 patients with CTD referred for lung transplantation between July 2003 and June 2007 at a single center. Esophageal studies included manometry and ambulatory 24‐h pH monitoring. Twenty‐three patients had esophageal manometry and ambulatory 24‐h pH monitoring. Nineteen patients (83%) had pathologic distal reflux and 7 (30%) also had pathologic proximal reflux. Eighteen patients (78%) had impaired or absent peristalsis. Eleven of 26 patients underwent lung transplantation. Ten patients are alive at a median follow‐up of 26 months (range 3–45) and one has bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome‐1. Six patients had a laparoscopic fundoplication, 1 before transplantation and 5 after. All fundoplication patients are alive at median follow‐up of 25 months (range 19–45). In conclusion, esophageal dysmotility and reflux are common in CTD patients referred for lung transplant. For this group, laparoscopic fundoplication is safe in experienced hands.     

Illness behavior and laparoscopic antireflux surgery: tailoring the wrap to suit the patient

Psychological factors are believed to play a role in gastroesophageal reflux disease. It has previously been shown that preoperative illness behavior influences the outcome after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. Between August 2001 and June 2004 we considered a partly subjective assessment of illness behavior when selecting patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease for laparoscopic anterior partial (n = 77) or total fundoplication (n = 90). A prospective questionnaire study of illness behavior was also undertaken and the results were correlated with clinical follow up after 12 months. There was a statistically significant difference in age (P < 0.001), primary esophageal peristalsis on manometry (P = 0.037) and two illness behavior category scores related to hypochondriasis (P = 0.041 and P = 0.025) between laparoscopic anterior partial fundoplication and Nissen total fundoplication groups. Despite these differences, there was no significant correlation between preoperative illness behavior score and patient satisfaction in either group. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between the ability to express personal feelings and postoperative heartburn score in those who had a laparoscopic anterior partial fundoplication (P = 0.048). The clinical outcome in both groups was good to excellent in terms of postoperative heartburn and satisfaction scores. A tailored approach in the choice of wrap, taking into account psychological factors preoperatively, is an appropriate strategy for laparoscopic fundoplication.     

Esophageal motility abnormalities in gastroesophageal reflux disease

Esophageal motility abnormalities are among the main factors implicated in the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. The recent introduction in clinical and research practice of novel esophageal testing has markedly improved our understanding of the mechanisms contributing to the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease, allowing a better management of patients with this disorder. In this context, the present article intends to provide an overview of the current literature about esophageal motility dysfunctions in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Esophageal manometry, by recording intraluminal pressure, represents the gold standard to diagnose esophagealmotility abnormalities. In particular, using novel techniques, such as high resolution manometry with or without concurrent intraluminal impedance monitoring, transient lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxations, hypotensive LES, ineffective esophageal peristalsis and bolus transit abnormalities have been better defined and strongly implicated in gastroesophageal reflux disease development. Overall, recent findings suggest that esophageal motility abnormalities are increasingly prevalent with increasing severity of reflux disease, from nonerosive reflux disease to erosive reflux disease and Barrett's esophagus. Characterizing esophageal dysmotility among different subgroups of patients with reflux disease may represent a fundamental approach to properly diagnose these patients and, thus, to set up the best therapeutic management. Currently, surgery represents the only reliable way to restore the esophagogastric junction integrity and to reduce transient LES relaxations that are considered to be the predominant mechanism by which gastric contents can enter the esophagus. On that ground, more in depth future studies assessing the pathogenetic role of dysmotility in patients with reflux disease are warranted.     

Surgical treatment of the non-complicated gastroesophageal reflux: fundoplication without division of the short gastric vessels

BACKGROUND: There is today a significant greater number of laparoscopic antireflux procedures for the surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease and there are yet controversies about the necessity of division of the short gastric vessels and full mobilization of the gastric fundus to perform an adequate fundoplication. AIM: To verify the results of the surgical treatment of non-complicated gastroesophageal reflux disease performing Rossetti modification of the Nissen fundoplication. Patients and Methods - Fourteen patients were operated consecutively and prospectively (mean age 44.07 years); all had erosive esophagitis without Barrett's endoscopic signals (grade 3, Savary-Miller) and they were submitted to the Rossetti modification of the Nissen fundoplication. Endoscopy, esophageal manometry and pHmetry were performed before the procedure and around 18 months postoperatively. RESULTS: There was no morbidity, transient dysphagia average was 18.42 days; there was no register of dehiscence or displacement of the fundoplication and only one patient revealed a light esophagitis at postoperative endoscopy; the others presented a normal endoscopic view of the distal esophagus. All noticed a marked improvement of preoperative symptoms. Lower esophageal sphincter pressure changed from 5.82 mm Hg (preoperative mean) to 12 mm Hg (postoperative mean); lower esophageal sphincter relaxing pressure, from 0.38 mm Hg to 5.24 mm Hg and DeMeester score, from 16.75 to 0.8. CONCLUSION: Rossetti procedure (fundoplication without division of the short gastric vessels) is an effective surgical method to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease.     

Esophageal ileus following laparoscopic fundoplication

Early postoperative dysphagia occurs in most patients following laparoscopic fundoplication. Whether dysphagia is associated with a change in esophageal motor function and/or a change in gastroesophageal junction characteristics is unknown. Esophageal motility in the early postoperative period has not been evaluated previously. Esophageal motility was studied on the first postoperative day in 10 patients who underwent laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and 10 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (control group), using standard perfusion manometry. Primary peristalsis on water swallows following fundoplication elicted a median response of 5% successful peristalsis compared with median response of 100% successful peristalsis following cholecystectomy (P = 0.05). The fundoplication was associated with failure of primary esophageal peristalsis in 7/10 patients, compared to 2/10 patients who underwent cholecystectomy (P = 0.068 Fisher's exact test). Three months after fundoplication, in nine patients studied, primary peristalsis was similar to peristalsis observed preoperatively in seven patients and two patients still had an aperistaltic esophagus. In this study, esophageal manometry 1 day after surgery demonstrated grossly disturbed esophageal motility in most patents following laparoscopic fundoplication, compared to normal motility following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Peristalsis improved at 3 months or more following surgery. This suggests that an 'esophageal ileus' occurs during the early period after laparoscopic fundoplication.     

Evidence-based appraisal in laparoscopic Nissen and Toupet fundoplications for gastroesophageal reflux disease

AIM: To demonstrate the optimal surgical procedure for gastroesophageal reflux disease. METHODS: The electronic databases of Medline, Elsevier, Springerlink and Embase over the last 16 years were searched. All clinical trials involved in the outcomes of laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF) and laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication (LTF) were identified. The data of assessment in benefits and adverse results of LNF and LTF were extracted and compared using metaanalysis. RESULTS: We ultimately identified a t...     

Concurrent Fluoroscopy and Manometry Reveal Differences in Laparoscopic Nissen and Anterior Fundoplication

A prospective double-blind randomized trial wasinitiated to examine two types of laparoscopicfundoplication (Nissen and anterior). Thirty-twopatients with proven gastroesophageal reflux diseasepresenting for primary laparoscopic antireflux surgerywere randomized to undergo either Nissen fundoplication(N = 13) or anterior hemifundoplication (N = 19).Postoperative fluoroscopic and manometric examinationwas carried out concomitantly. Nissenfundoplication resulted in significantly greaterelevation of resting (33.5 vs 23 mm Hg) and residuallower esophageal sphincter pressures (17 vs 6.5 mm Hg)and lower esophageal ramp pressure (26 vs 20.5 mm Hg) than theanterior partial fundoplication. A smallerradiologically measured sphincter opening diameter wasseen following Nissen fundoplication (9 mm) comparedwith anterior fundoplication (12 mm). Lower esophageal ramppressure correlated weakly (r = 0.37, P = 0.04) withpostoperative dysphagia. It is concluded that the typeof fundoplication performed significantly influences postoperative manometric and video bariumradiology outcomes. The clinical relevance of thisrequires further investigation.     

Outcomes after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication are not influenced by the pattern of reflux

SUMMARY.  The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of patients with different types of gastroesophageal reflux disease (upright, supine, or bipositional) after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and determine if patients with upright reflux have worse outcomes. Two hundred and twenty-five patients with reflux confirmed by 24-h pH monitoring were divided into three groups based on the type of reflux present. Patients were questioned pre- and post-fundoplication regarding the presence and duration of symptoms (heartburn, regurgitation, dysphagia, cough and chest pain). Symptoms were scored using a 5-point scale, ranging from 0 (no symptom) to 4 (disabling symptom). Esophageal manometry and pH results were also compared. There was no statistically significant difference in lower esophageal sphincter length, pressure or function between the three groups. There was no significant difference in any of the postoperative symptom categories between the three groups. The type of reflux identified preoperatively does not have an adverse effect on postoperative outcomes after Nissen fundoplication and should not discourage physicians from offering antireflux surgery to patients with upright reflux.     

食管运动功能在重度反流性食管炎中的地位

目的　通过对重度反流性食管炎(RE)治愈前后食管体部运动功能的研究,了解食管体部运动功能在重度RE中的地位。方法　对70例胃食管反流病患者进行食管压力测定。从中筛选23例重度RE(内镜诊断为洛杉矶C和D级食管炎);且24h食管内pH监测证实为病理性酸反流;食管压力测定证实有食管体部运动障碍患者。给予兰索拉唑30mg/d治疗3~6个月至内镜下食管炎完全愈合后,再行食管压力测定,观察下食管括约肌静息压(LESP)及食管体部运动功能的变化。以湿咽成功率、食管远端收缩波幅和食管蠕动的传导速度作为食管体部运动功能的指标。结果　食管炎治愈前后,LESP[ (6 00±0 86 )mmHg比(5 10±0 87)mmHg, 1kPa=7 5mmHg, P=0 476],食管远端收缩波幅[ (34 1±4 1)mmHg比(37 2±4 0)mmHg,P=0 593]、湿咽成功率[ (33 5±6 5)%比(38 6±7 1 )%,P=0 592 ]比较差异均无统计学意义,其均值仍显著低于正常对照组。结论　治愈食管炎并不能提高LESP及改善食管体部的运动功能。食管体部运动功能障碍和酸反流是RE的重要发病机制,尤其是重度RE。