载脂蛋白E基因多态性与原发性高尿酸血症相关性研究

目的：探讨维吾尔族与汉族载脂蛋白E基因多态性与原发性高尿酸血症的相关性。方法：收集2006年1～12月在新疆医科大学附属中医医院和乌鲁木齐市宝科达医院健康体检的670人血标本,检测血尿酸、血液生化指标以及ApoE基因型。结果：新疆维吾尔族和汉族ApoE基因型分布差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,汉族高尿酸组和正常组ApoE基因型分布总体差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,而维吾尔族总体差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。汉族和维吾尔族ApoE基因型中E3/3占主导,汉族E2/2〉E4/4,而维吾尔族正好相反。与正常组相比,高尿酸组ApoEε2等位基因频率降低,而ε4频率升高,ε4等位基因可能是原发性高尿酸血症的危险因素。两个民族高尿酸组不同等位基因血尿酸（SUA）和除高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（HDL-C）外的各生化指标均高于正常组,而且两个民族高尿酸组和正常组尿酸和血脂代谢指标水平在ApoE等位基因ε2、ε3、ε4型中也有一定的差别。结论：ApoEε4等位基因可能是汉族和维吾尔族原发性高尿酸血症的遗传易感基因,但仍然表现出民族的差异。     

轻度认知功能障碍与ApoE基因多态性及血脂水平的研究

目的分析轻度认知功能障碍（MCI）患者载脂蛋白E（ApoE）基因型及等位基因频率的分布及血脂水平,为MCI的防治提供理论依据。方法对120例MCI患者（MCI组）和120 例健康者（对照组）,进行简易精神状态检查表(MMSE)、日常生活行为量表(ADL)、总体衰退量表(GDS)、Hachinski 缺血积分量表、汉密顿抑郁量表（HAMD）评测,采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片断长度多态性分析方法（PCR RFLP）,测定ApoE各基因型和等位基因频率并测定各例总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL C）水平。结果MCI组在时空定向、即刻记忆、延时记忆、注意计算力、理解力均较对照组差;ε3/4基因型频率及ε4等位基因频率均高于对照组(P＜0.05);TC和LDL C明显高于对照组（P＜0.05）,MCI组和对照组ε4组血脂均较ε3、ε2高（P＜0.05）。结论ApoE基因型频率和等位基因频率在MCI组和对照组间的分布不同,ApoE基因可能是MCI的风险基因,MCI患者存在血脂紊乱,ApoEε4与MCI患者血脂紊乱有关。     

血管紧张素转换酶、内皮型一氧化氮合酶和载脂蛋白E基因多态性与冠心病的相关性

 [目的]研究血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）基因插入/缺失多态性、内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）基因G894T多态性和载脂蛋白E（ApoE）基因多态性与冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（冠心病）的关系.[方法]应用基因芯片技术分析133例冠心病患者和122例对照者ACE、eNOS和ApoE基因多态性,对比两组基因型及等位基因频率.[结果]冠心病组ACE DD基因型频率比对照组显著升高,28.6% vs 13.1%,P＜0.01,ACE基因多态性与冠心病危险性相关.两组eNOS和ApoE基因型频率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,eNOS和ApoE基因多态性与冠心病危险性无明显相关.[结论]ACE基因多态性可能是中国人冠心病的危险因素,基因芯片技术可能是研究多种易感基因与冠心病相关性的一种高效、敏感的方法.     

血管紧张素转换酶、内皮型一氧化氮合酶和载脂蛋白E基因多态性与冠心病的相关性

[目的]研究血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）基因插入/缺失多态性、内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）基因G894T多态性和载脂蛋白E（ApoE）基因多态性与冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（冠心病）的关系.[方法]应用基因芯片技术分析133例冠心病患者和122例对照者ACE、eNOS和ApoE基因多态性,对比两组基因型及等位基因频率.[结果]冠心病组ACE DD基因型频率比对照组显著升高,28.6% vs 13.1%,P＜0.01,ACE基因多态性与冠心病危险性相关.两组eNOS和ApoE基因型频率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,eNOS和ApoE基因多态性与冠心病危险性无明显相关.[结论]ACE基因多态性可能是中国人冠心病的危险因素,基因芯片技术可能是研究多种易感基因与冠心病相关性的一种高效、敏感的方法.     

新疆和田老人血管紧张素转换酶基因插入/缺失多态性与长寿的关系

目的 研究血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)基因插入/缺失(I/D)多态性与新疆和田长寿地区维吾尔族老人长寿、寿命间关系。方法 长寿组(n=37),高龄组(n=40),老年组(n=41)均用聚合酶链反应法(PCR)扩增ACE基因第16内含子多态性位点的序列,并比较各年龄组ACE基因型及等位基因频率。结果 长寿组Ⅱ型基因频率及Ⅰ型等位基因频率高于老年组,长寿组D型等位基因频率显著低于老年组。结论 ACE基因插入/缺失多态性与维吾尔族老人长寿、寿命间有关系。     

载脂蛋白E基因多态性与血脂和冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病相关性的研究

目的 探讨载脂蛋白基因多态性对血脂代谢的影响及与冠心病的相关性.方法 对50例冠心病患者和156例正常对照者,测定血浆脂质和载脂蛋白(ApoE)水平.载脂蛋白基因测定采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)的方法,HhaI酶切分析、电泳、血脂代谢的相关指标采用生化方法 测定.SPSS12.0软件分析.结果 健康人群ApoE基因型及等位基因频率的分布没有年龄和性别的差异(P＞0.05);健康人群中TC、LDL水平受ApoE基因型影响按由高到低排列依次为E3/4＞E3/3＞E2/3(P＜0.01),而TG、HDL-C水平差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05);各等位基因间TC、LDL水平按由高到低排列依次为E4＞E3＞E2(P＜0.01),两组间TG、HDL-C水平差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05);冠心病组E3等位基因频率明显低于对照组,而E4等位基因频率则明显高于对照组(P=0.02).结论 健康人群ApoE基因型及等位基因频率的分布没有年龄和性别的差异.ApoE基因型频率:E3/3＞E2/3和E3/4＞E2/2、E2/4和E4/4.等位基因频率中,E3最高,其次是E2和E4;健康人群ApoE基因多态性与血脂、栽脂蛋白水平密切相关,ApoE2、ApoE4均有升高甘油三酯的作用,ApoE2有降胆固醇作用,ApoE4有升高胆固醇作用;ApoE4等位基因系冠心病的危险因素,而ApoE2等位基因则具有保护作用.     

ACE、ApoE基因多态性与高血压患者冠状动脉狭窄程度的相关性研究

目的 探讨血管紧张素转换酶（angiotensin converting enzyme,ACE）、载脂蛋白E(apolipoprotein E,ApoE)基因多态性与高血压患者冠状动脉狭窄程度的相关性。方法 选取2019年1月至2022年2月浙江省中医院收治的180例高血压患者作为研究对象,根据其是否患有冠心病（coronary heart disease,CHD）分为对照组（n=85）和CHD组（n=95）,同时根据冠状动脉造影结果将CHD组分为单支病变组（n=25）及多支病变组（n=70）,统计并比较单支病变组与多支病变组ACE基因型、ApoE基因型与等位基因频率的分布,不同冠状动脉病变程度组别ACE基因多态性、Apo E基因多态性分布情况。结果 多支病变组ACE DD基因型频率和ACE D等位基因的频率均显著高于单支病变组（P<0.05）;多支病变组ACEⅡ和ACE ID基因型频率均显著低于ACE DD基因型（P<0.05）;多支病变组ACE D等位基因频率显著高于ACEⅠ等位基因（P<0.05）。多支病变组ApoE4等位基因频率显著高于单支病变组（P<0...     

载脂蛋白E基因第四外显子多态性与血管性痴呆的关系

目的探讨载脂蛋白E（apolipoprotein E,ApoE）基因第四外显子多态性与血管性痴呆（Vascular dementia,VD）的关系。方法通过DNA直接测序的方法检查30例VD和30例正常老人ApoE基因第四外显子的多态性。结果ApoE基因第四外显子存在112位点T／C多态和158位点C／T的多态,未发现新的单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphism,8NP）。ApoEε4等位基因频率（11.7％,8．5％）及ε4／4,ε3／4,ε2／4基因型合并后其基因型频率（22％,16．7％）在VD和对照组之间无显著差异（x^2=0．111,p〉0.05;x^2=0.759,p〉0.05）;VD组ε2等位基因频率与对照组相比差异不明显。结论结果提示ApoEε4等位基因不是本地区老年人群血管性痴呆的危险因素。     

载脂蛋白B、载脂蛋白E及血管紧张素原基因多态性与冠心病的关系

目的探讨载脂蛋白B、E（ApoB、ApoE）基因及血管紧张素原基因（AGT）多态性与冠心病（CHD）的相关性。方法采用基因芯片技术分析89例CHD患者和78例非CHD患者的ApoBXbaI、ApoEl12／158及AGTM235T基因多态性及等位基因频率。结果CHD组ApoBXbaI、ApoEl12／158及AGTM235T基因型分布与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。CHD组的Apo BXba I的X^＋ X^＋基因型及等位基因X’频率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,ApoE112／158的ε^4/、ε^4/4基因型及等位基因￡。频率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈O．05）;CHD组AGT—TT基因型频率及T等位基因频率均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论ApoBXbaI、ApoEll2／158和AGTM235T的基因多态性可能是中国人CHD的危险因素。ApoB Xba I等位基因X^＋;ApoE112／158的等位基因ε^4和AGT M235T基因的T等位基因是CHD的重要遗传标记。     

广州市40~65岁居民载脂蛋白E基因多态性与血脂水平的关系

 【目的】探讨载脂蛋白E（apolipoprotein E，ApoE）基因多态性与广州市中老年人群血脂水平的关系，以期为进一步研究提供基础和线索。【方法】采用等位基因特异性多重聚合酶链反应（ARMS-PCR）技术对624名40~65岁广州居民进行ApoE基因多态性检测，分析人群ApoE基因频率分布特点，并比较分析不同ApoE基因型血脂水平的关系。【结果】共检出6种基因型，以E3/3型最为常见，占67.95%，其次是E2/3和E3/4，分别占14.74%和13.62%，E2/4、E4/4和E2/2三种基因型分别占1.76%、1.12%和0.80%；等位基因以ε3分布频率最高，为82.13%，ε2、ε4等位基因频率分别为9.05%和8.81%；男性和女性ApoE基因型分布无差异。ε2等位基因携带者的TC、LDL、ApoB和LDL-C/HDL-C水平显著低于ε3和ε4等位基因携带者（all P＜0.05），而ApoA1/ApoB则显著高于ε3、ε4等位基因携带者（P＜0.01）。【结论】ε2等位基因携带者的血浆TC、LDL及ApoB水平较低，ε2等位基因有利于个体血脂维持在较理想水平。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.