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1.
Background
Enterococcal meningitis is an uncommon disease usually caused by Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium and is associated with a high mortality rate. Enterococcus casseliflavus has been implicated in a wide variety of infections in humans, but never in meningitis. 相似文献2.
Rajan Ingole Ravindra Kumar Garg Hardeep Singh Malhotra Amita Jain Neeraj Kumar Imran Rizvi Rajiv Garg 《The Indian journal of tuberculosis》2019,66(1):49-57
Objectives
Central nervous system (CNS) is an important site for extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The present study evaluated the spectrum of CNS tuberculosis in a high tuberculosis endemic region.Methods
The study included 306 cases of CNS tuberculosis. All cases were assessed for clinical evaluation and neuroimaging. All cases were followed up for 3 months. Modified Barthel index was used to assess the outcome.Results
Out of 306 cases of CNS tuberculosis, 174 (56.86%) had intracranial tuberculosis, 55 (17.97%) had spinal tuberculosis, 15 (4.91%) had both intracranial and spinal pathology. Sixty-two (20.26%) patients had disseminated tuberculosis. Two-hundred and fourteen (69.9%) cases had tuberculous meningitis. Disseminated tuberculosis patients had significantly poor modified Barthel index and 3-month outcome. Culture positivity was significantly higher in the disseminated group. Ten (27.02%) out of 37 culture positive tuberculous meningitis cases had multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis. On multivariate analysis disseminated tuberculosis, baseline modified Barthel index ≤12, and stage 3 predicted poor outcome. Fifty-five patients had spinal tuberculosis. Thirty-four (75.56%) patients with Pott's spine improved with antituberculosis treatment and only 11 (24.44%) patients had modified Barthel index ≤12, after 3 months.Conclusions
In tuberculosis-endemic areas a varied form of CNS tuberculosis is frequent. CNS tuberculosis is often part of disseminated tuberculosis. 相似文献3.
Cornelia Blaser Matthias Klein Denis Grandgirard Matthias Wittwer Heikki Peltola Michael Weigand Uwe Koedel Stephen L Leib 《BMC infectious diseases》2010,10(1):84
Background
Bacterial meningitis in children causes high rates of mortality and morbidity. In a recent clinical trial, oral glycerol significantly reduced severe neurological sequelae in paediatric meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b, and a tendency towards a benefit of adjunctive glycerol was seen in pneumococcal meningitis. 相似文献4.
Michael Pedersen Thomas L Benfield Peter Skinhoej Allan G Jensen 《BMC infectious diseases》2006,6(1):49
Background
Haematogenous Staphylococcus aureus meningitis is rare but associated with high mortality. Knowledge about the disease is still limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate demographic and clinical prognostic features of bacteraemic S. aureus meningitis. 相似文献5.
Joseph N Jarvis Anthony Williams Yolande Brown Tom Crede Thomas S Harrison 《BMC infectious diseases》2010,10(1):67
Background
The presentation and causes of adult meningitis in South Africa have changed substantially as a result of HIV. Knowledge of aetiology and laboratory findings in patients presenting with meningitis are important in guiding management. We performed a retrospective study to determine these findings in a setting of high HIV and TB prevalence in Cape Town. 相似文献6.
Hakim Echchannaoui Stephen L Leib Ulf Neumann Regine MA Landmann 《BMC infectious diseases》2007,7(1):25
Background
Streptococcus (S.) pneumoniae meningitis has a high lethality despite antibiotic treatment. Inflammation is a major pathogenetic factor, which is unresponsive to antibiotics. Therefore adjunctive therapies with antiinflammatory compounds have been developed. TNF484 is a TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) inhibitor and has been found efficacious in experimental meningitis. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) contributes to host response in pneumococcal meningitis by enhancing bacterial clearing and downmodulating inflammation. In this study, TNF484 was applied in mice, which lacked TLR2 and exhibited a strong meningeal inflammation. 相似文献7.
Shao-Ru Zhang Hong Yan Jin-Jing Zhang Tian-Hua Zhang Xiao-Hong Li Yin-Ping Zhang 《BMC infectious diseases》2010,10(1):174
Background
The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among college students in Shaanxi is high. Although tuberculosis leaves much psychological and social impact on patients, little is known about its impact on college students. The objective of this study is to explore the experiences and psychological process of college students with pulmonary tuberculosis in Shaanxi, China. 相似文献8.
Background
Sputum microscopy, the most important conventional test for tuberculosis, is specific in settings with high burden of tuberculosis and low prevalence of non tuberculous mycobacteria. However, the test lacks sensitivity. Although bacteriophage-based tests for tuberculosis have shown promising results, their overall accuracy has not been systematically evaluated. 相似文献9.
Martijn Weisfelt Diederik van de Beek Lodewijk Spanjaard Johannes B Reitsma Jan de Gans 《BMC infectious diseases》2006,6(1):149
Background
A low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white-blood cell count (WBC) has been identified as an independent risk factor for adverse outcome in adults with bacterial meningitis. Whereas a low CSF WBC indicates the presence of sepsis with early meningitis in patients with meningococcal infections, the relation between CSF WBC and outcome in patients with pneumococcal meningitis is not understood. 相似文献10.
Background
Aseptic meningitis is a relatively frequent childhood disease and virologic data suggest that enteroviruses are the commonest etiologic agents. We evaluated the epidemiologic characteristics of aseptic meningitis in Daejeon, South Korea from 1987 to 2003. 相似文献11.
Background
Patients with pleural effusions who reside in geographic areas with a high prevalence of tuberculosis frequently have similar clinical manifestations of other diseases. The aim of our study was to develop a simple but accurate clinical score for differential diagnosis of tuberculosis pleural effusion (TPE) from non-TB pleural effusion (NTPE). 相似文献12.
Ewout S Schut Willeke F Westendorp Jan de Gans Nyika D Kruyt Lodewijk Spanjaard Johannes B Reitsma Diederik van de Beek 《BMC infectious diseases》2009,9(1):57
Background
Hyperglycemia has been associated with unfavorable outcome in several disorders, but few data are available in bacterial meningitis. We assessed the incidence and significance of hyperglycemia in adults with bacterial meningitis. 相似文献13.
Pamela Hepple Pascal Nguele Jane Greig Maryline Bonnet Vinciane Sizaire 《BMC infectious diseases》2010,10(1):276
Background
Diagnostic options for pulmonary tuberculosis in resource-poor settings are commonly limited to smear microscopy. We investigated whether bleach concentration by sedimentation and sputum cytology analysis (SCA) increased the positivity rate of smear microscopy for smear-positive tuberculosis. 相似文献14.
Background
Echoviruses are the commonest cause of aseptic meningitis. Echovirus type 13 which has not been isolated in Germany over a long period of time was the predominant enterovirus serotype associated with different local outbreaks of aseptic meningitis in Germany in 2000. 相似文献15.
Christina T Fiske Marie R Griffin Holt Erin Jon Warkentin Kaltenbach Lisa Patrick G Arbogast Timothy R Sterling 《BMC infectious diseases》2010,10(1):16
Background
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is likely a marker of underlying immune compromise. Our objective was to determine race and sex differences in extrapulmonary tuberculosis risk in order to identify the optimal population in which to assess for host factors associated with extrapulmonary tuberculosis. 相似文献16.
Haoua Tall Stéphane Hugonnet Philippe Donnen Michèle Dramaix-Wilmet Ludovic Kambou Frank Drabo Judith E Mueller 《BMC infectious diseases》2012,12(1):2
Background
The epidemiology of meningococcal meningitis in the African meningitis belt is characterised by seasonality, localised epidemics and epidemic waves. To facilitate research and surveillance, we aimed to develop a definition for localised epidemics to be used in real-time surveillance based on weekly case reports at the health centre level. 相似文献17.
Background
Gastric tuberculosis is rare, and usually associated with pulmonary tuberculosis or an immunodeficient state. Here, we report five cases of gastric tuberculosis in immunocompetent patients without evidence of pulmonary involvement. 相似文献18.
Background
Clinicians at Haydom Lutheran Hospital, a rural hospital in northern Tanzania noted an unusually high case-fatality rate of pediatric meningitis and suspected an outbreak of an unknown agent or an organism resistant to the empirical therapy.Methods
We established a provisional microbiology laboratory to investigate the suspected outbreak. Blood and spinal fluid specimens were taken from children below the age of seven years with suspected meningitis. The blood and spinal fluid specimens were inoculated in commercial blood culture bottles and locally prepared Thayer-Martin medium in slanted tubes, respectively. The bacterial isolates were sent to Norway for further investigation, including susceptibility testing and pulsed-field gel-electrophoresis (PFGE).Results
Among 24 children with suspected meningitis and/or septicemia, five neonates had meningitis caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis, all of whom died. Two children had S. Enteritidis septicemia without meningitis and both survived. Genotyping with PFGE suggested a clonal outbreak. The salmonella strain was resistant to ampicillin and sensitive to gentamicin, the two drugs commonly used to treat neonatal meningitis at the hospital.Conclusion
The investigation reminds us that nontyphoidal salmonellae can cause meningitis associated with very high case-fatality rates. Resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents increases the risk of treatment failure and may have contributed to the fatal outcome in all of the five patients with salmonella meningitis. The investigation indicated that the outbreak was nosocomial and the outbreak subsided after hygienic measures were instituted. Establishing a provisional microbiological laboratory is a valuable and affordable tool to investigate and control outbreaks even in remote rural areas.19.
Benon B Asiimwe Moses L Joloba Solomon Ghebremichael Tuija Koivula David P Kateete Fred A Katabazi Alexander Pennhag Ramona Petersson Gunilla Kallenius 《BMC infectious diseases》2009,9(1):12-9
Background
The identification and differentiation of strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by DNA fingerprinting has provided a better understanding of the epidemiology and tracing the transmission of tuberculosis. We set out to determine if there was a relationship between the risk of belonging to a group of tuberculosis patients with identical mycobacterial DNA fingerprint patterns and the HIV sero-status of the individuals in a high TB incidence peri-urban setting of Kampala, Uganda. 相似文献20.
Paolo Giorgi Rossi Jessica Mantovani Eliana Ferroni Antonio Forcina Elena Stanghellini Filippo Curtale Piero Borgia 《BMC infectious diseases》2009,9(1):13