姜黄素甲基化-β-环糊精包合物制备工艺研究

 目的 制备姜黄素甲基化-β-环糊精包合物,改善其在水中溶解度.方法 采用饱和溶液法制备姜黄素甲基化-β-环糊精包合物,以包合物溶解度为评价指标,筛选最佳包合处方和工艺,以差示扫描量热法(DSC)和X射线衍射法对包合物进行确证.结果 最佳包合工艺:姜黄素和甲基化-β-环糊精投料摩尔比为1∶2,包合温度为45℃,反应时间为2 h.测得姜黄素甲基化-β-环糊精包合物的水中溶解度约为10 mg/ml.结论 姜黄素经包合后在水中溶解度提高了约500倍.     

大蒜油2-羟丙基-β-环糊精包合物的制备与鉴定

目的制备大蒜油2-羟丙基-β-环糊精包合物并对其进行鉴定。方法在25℃运用相溶解度法进行增溶试验,采用冷冻干燥法制备大蒜油2-羟丙基-β-环糊精包合物,利用气相色谱、显微成像及差示扫描量热法对包合物进行鉴定。结果随着2-羟丙基-β-环糊精浓度增加,大蒜油的溶解度显著提高,其溶解曲线呈AL型,包合物主、客分子比为1∶1,表观稳定常数KC=171.85L·mol-1。气相色谱显示,大蒜油被2-羟丙基-β-环糊精包合前后的主成分没有发生变化,包合物的显微图像和差示扫描图谱与物理混合物的图谱具有显著性差异。结论2-羟丙基-β-环糊精可以增大大蒜油的溶解度,而制成包合物冻干粉;大蒜油被2-羟丙基-β-环糊精包合后呈现出新的物相特征,表明包合物已经形成。     

蟾酥β—环糊精包合物的理化性质考察

目的　考察蟾酥 β -环糊精的理化性能。 方法　采用薄层色谱、X -射线粉末衍射及红外光谱法对包合物进行了理化鉴别 ,采用紫外光谱法考察包合物中蟾毒配基类化合物的溶解度和体外溶出度。结果　薄层色谱图谱显示 ,蟾酥被 β -环糊精包合前后的主成分没有发生变化 ,包合物的X -射线粉末衍射图谱及红外光谱与蟾酥、蟾酥 β -环糊精混合物的图谱具有显著性差异。包合物中蟾毒配基类化合物在 0 .1mol·L-1盐酸溶液、pH6 .6和pH7.5磷酸盐缓冲液中的溶解度及体外溶出速率均有显著提高。结论　蟾酥被 β-环糊精包合后呈现出新的物相特征 ,与蟾酥相比其理化性质有较显著的改变     

金诺芬—β—环糊精包合物的研究

采用饱和溶液法制备金诺芬-β-环糊精包合物。首次使用电镜复染技术对包合物进行鉴定,清楚显示一分子β-环糊精(β—CD)包合两分子金诺芬(1)。用分光光度法测定包合物中1含量,操作简便、快速、结果准确,在10～50μg/ml范围内,线性良好,r=0.9999。结果表明,制成包和物后Ⅰ在水中溶解度显著提高达309.75μg/ml(20℃),为原药的22.95倍。     

维生素Eβ-环糊精包合物的制备及稳定性研究

目的采用正交试验法，研究β-CYD对VE的包合作用和稳定性。方法通过分光光度法测定包合物中VE含量，考察了VE利用率、包合率、包合物收率三个指标。结果筛选出最佳制备工艺为A282C2，经TLC、粉末X-射线衍射验证包合物确已形成。结论VE被CYD包合后稳定性明显提高。     

均匀设计法优化盐酸异丙嗪干糖浆处方的研究

盐酸异丙嗪为广泛应用的抗组胺药,具有明显的抗过敏和镇静作用。近年来在临床用于镇静、退热、镇咳、止泻等方面越来越广泛。但由于盐酸异丙嗪属于吩噻嗪类药物,其性质极不稳定,易受多种因素的影响,配成的糖浆剂在室温下仅能维持6d,为此,我们利用盐酸异丙嗪-β环糊精(PMH—βCD)包合物制备成干     

醋酸强的松龙—β—环糊精包合物的研制

用均匀法探讨了醋酸强的松龙－β－环糊精的制备工艺，通过包合物收得率，包封率，溶出速率的研究，筛选出最佳配比的条件，实验表明，当醋酸强的松龙与β－环糊精比较为1：5时，其包合物的溶解度和溶出速度明显高于醋酸强的松龙，有利于提高其生物利用度。     

水合氯醛β-环糊精包合物的研究

为探讨水合氯醛β－环糊精包合物的制备工艺，通过差示热分析确证形成包合物，运用顶空气相色谱技术测定其含量，并对包合物与机械混合物的性质进行了比较，对包合物的稳定性进行了初步研究。认为制成包合物达到了矫臭矫味和提高稳定性的目的     

饱和水溶液法制备葛根素的β-环糊精包合物研究

目的探讨用饱和水溶液法制备葛根素的β-环糊精包合物的最佳工艺。方法运用饱和水溶液法制备葛根素-β-环糊精包合物,并采用紫外分光光度法测定葛根素含量,紫外光谱、红外光谱验证包合物。结果通过正交试验得到最佳制备工艺为葛根素与β-环糊精投料比为1∶1,包合时间为3h,包合温度为60℃,包合率可达94%。结论饱和水溶液法制备葛根素-β-环糊精包合物工艺简单可行,适用于葛根素口服制剂的改进。     

金诺芬-β-环糊精包合物的研究

采用饱和溶液法制备金诺芬-β-环糊精包合物.首次使用电镜复染技术对包合物进行鉴定,清楚显示一分子β-环糊精(β-CD)包合两分子金诺芬(1).用分光光度法测定包合物中1含量,操作简便、快速、结果准确,在10～50μg/ml范围内,线性良好,r=0.9999.结果表明,制成包和物后1在水中溶解度显著提高达309.75μg/ml(20℃),为原药的22.95倍.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.