国产多西他赛联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效观察

目的观察国产多西他赛联合顺铂（DDP）治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效、临床受益和毒副反应。方法70例晚期NSCLC患者给予DP方案化疗：国产多西他赛75mg/m^2，静滴，d1；顺铂75mg/m^2，静滴，d1；21d为1周期。每例患者治疗2周期以上。结果全组完全缓解2例，部分缓解29例，稳定36例，进展3例，总有效率44．3％。中位生存期10．1个月，1年生存率38．6％（27／70）。临床受益疗效：行为状态阳性率51．4％，体重阳性率47．1％。毒副反应主要为骨髓抑制，脱发和消化系统反应。其中白细胞减少占75．7％，G-CSF治疗后较快恢复。结论国产多西他赛联合顺铂无论一线还是二线治疗晚期NSCLC近期疗效和临床受益良好，毒副反应可耐受。     

多西他赛联合奥沙利铂治疗晚期转移性胃癌近期疗效观察

74例晚期胃癌患者随机分为观察组31例和对照组43例。观察组多西他赛65mg／m^2，静脉滴注，第1天；奥沙利铂120mg／m^2，静脉滴注，持续2h，第1天；21d为一周期。对照组给予多西他赛75mg／m^2，静脉滴注，第1天；顺铂75mg／m^2，分5次静脉滴注，1次／d，21d为一周期。两组均治疗2—8个周期。结果观察组完全缓解率（CR）0，部分缓解率（PR）38．7％，总缓解率（RR）38．7％；对照组分别为2．3％、37．2％、39．5％。两组疗效比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），Ⅲ、Ⅳ度不良反应发生率观察组低于对照组。认为多西他赛联合奥沙利铂方案治疗晚期胃癌安全、有效。     

奥沙利铂联合多西他赛治疗晚期复治食管鳞状细胞癌的临床观察

目的观察奥沙利铂联合多西他赛治疗晚期复治食管鳞状细胞癌的疗效和毒副反应。方法46例晚期复治食管鳞状细胞癌患者,采用奥沙利铂联合多西他赛化疗,其中奥沙利铂130mg／m^2,静滴,第1天;多西他赛75mg／m^2,静滴,第1天;每3周重复。完成2周期治疗后评价疗效。结果46例患者共化疗128个周期,全组45例可评价疗效,总有效率为24．44％,疾病控制率66．67％。中位疾病进展时间为5．5个月,中位生存期为9个月,1a生存率为41％。主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制。结论奥沙利铂联合多西他赛治疗晚期复治食管鳞状细胞癌有一定的疗效,消化道反应及肾毒性较轻,可作为顺铂或氟尿嘧啶耐药患者的二线治疗。     

多西紫杉醇联合顺铂与紫杉醇联合顺铂一线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的随机临床对照研究

背景与目的 多西紫杉醇是二线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的有效药物，近年来多项临床试验显示其在一线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效与目前常用的一线方案相似。本研究拟比较多西紫杉醇联合顺铂（DC）与紫杉醇联合顺铂（PC）一线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效、毒副反应及生存。方法细胞学或病理学确诊的90例初治晚期非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为DC组与PC组。DC组：多西紫杉醇75mg／m^2，静脉滴注1小时，第1天，顺铂75mg／m^2，分成两天静脉滴注，第2，3天。PC组：紫杉醇150mg／m^2，静脉滴注3小时，第1天；顺铂75mg／m^2，分成两天静脉滴注，第2～3天。顺铂用药时需水化。两种方案均为21天重复。至少完成2周期化疗的患者进行疗效、毒副反应评价，并分析生存情况。结果DC组总有效率为31．1％，中位生存期为10．2月，中位疾病进展时间为4．4月，1年和2年生存率分别为35．6％、8．9％；PC组总有效率为33．3％，中位生存期为10．4月，中位疾病进展时间为4．9月，1年和2年生存率分别为37．8％、11．1％。两组的总有效率、中位生存期、中位疾病进展时间及1、2年生存率均无显著性统计学差异（P〉0．05）。两组Ⅲ度和Ⅳ度毒副反应为白细胞减少、贫血、恶心呕吐及脱发，无显著性统计学差异（P〉0．05）。结论多西紫杉醇联合顺铂方案与紫杉醇联合顺铂方案比较，疗效与生存相似，毒副反应较轻，耐受性好，是一线治疗非小细胞肺癌的有效方案。     

DCF方案治疗晚期胃癌临床观察

目的 观察DCF方案治疗晚期胃癌的疗效及毒副反应.方法 选取晚期胃癌患者45例,DCF方案为:多西他赛75 mg/m2 静脉滴注第1天,顺铂75 mg/m2 分2～3 d静脉滴注,5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu) 500 mg/m2静脉滴注第1～5天.每21 d为1周期,所有患者至少接受4个周期治疗.结果 完全缓解2例、部分缓解16例、稳定13例、进展14例,总有效率40.0%.临床获益31例(68.9%).疾病无进展时间为(4.28±0.31)个月,生存期为(9.03±0.55)个月.主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制、恶心、呕吐、脱发、肝肾功能损害.结论 DCF方案治疗晚期胃癌疗效较好,毒副反应较常见,骨髓毒性较明显但可耐受.     

吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效

目的评价吉西他滨联合顺铂（GP方案）治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效与毒副反应。方法对30例经病理和（或）细胞确诊的老年晚期非小细胞肺癌患者，采用吉西他滨联合顺铂化疗。吉西他滨1000mg／m^2，静脉点滴，第1，8天各静滴1次；顺铂25mgc／m^2，静脉点滴，第1，2，3天各静滴1次，每28d为一个周期，化疗中记录毒副反应。2个周期为1个疗程。疗程结束后，评定疗效与毒副反应。结果全组完全缓解（CR）0例，部分缓解11例（11／30），总有效率36．67％。最常见的毒副反应为白细胞减少和血小板减少。结论吉西他滨联合顺铂方案治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌患者临床疗效较好，毒副反应可耐受，值得推广应用。     

多西他赛联合FOLFOX4方案治疗晚期胃癌40例临床观察

目的探讨多西他赛＋FOLFOX4方案对晚期胃癌的疗效及毒副作用。方法晚期胃癌患者40例,给予以下化疗方案：多西他赛60 mg/m2静脉滴注,第1天;奥沙利铂85 mg/m2静脉滴注,第1天;亚叶酸钙（CF）200 mg/m2静脉滴注,第1、2天;5-氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）400 mg/m2静脉推注,第1天,5-Fu 600 mg/m2持续静脉滴注46 h。14 d为1个周期,所有患者至少接受3个周期以上的化疗。结果 40例均可评价疗效,总有效率45.0%,中位生存时间9.3个月,中位肿瘤进展时间6.1个月。主要毒副反应为胃髓抑制、腹泻和脱发。结论多西他赛联合FOLFOX4方案治疗晚期胃癌的近期疗效好,毒副作用可以耐受。     

多西他赛联合铂类治疗126例晚期非小细胞肺癌临床观察

目的探讨多西他赛联合顺铂、卡铂及奈达铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效和毒副反应。方法应用多西他赛75 mg/m2联合顺铂75 mg/m2(或卡铂AUC=5,或奈达铂75 mg/m2)方案治疗126例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者。结果总有效率达48.4%,临床获益率为83.3%,其中初治与复治病例、ⅢB期与Ⅳ期病例组间的疗效差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),腺癌与鳞癌两组之间、合并使用顺铂、卡铂或奈达铂三组之间疗效差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制、恶心呕吐、腹泻及脱发。结论多西他赛联合顺铂、卡铂及奈达铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效确切,毒副反应可耐受。     

Gemcitabine方案复治晚期非小细胞肺癌

目的：探讨Gemcitabine(健择）与顺铂联合化疗方案复治常规方案无效晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效及其不良反应。方法：健择与顺铂联合方案复治22例晚期晨小细胞肺癌二周期，健择每周期第1、8、15天静脉滴注1000mg/m^2，顺铂每周期第1天静脉滴注100mg/m^2，结果：可评价疗效22例，8例获得部分缓解（PR），总有效率36％，全组均可评价不良反应，约30％分别发生Ⅲ-Ⅳ度的血红蛋白下降，白细胞下降，血小板下降和恶心／呕吐，其他毒副反应均轻度可耐受，结论：健择与顺铂联合方案复治常规方案无效晚期非小细胞肺癌有一定的疗效，毒副作用可耐受，是复治晚期非小细胞肺癌较理想的治疗方案之一。     

多西紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌临床观察

80例晚期非小细胞肺癌（NscLc）患者,给予多西紫杉醇75mg／m^2静滴,第1天;顺铂（DDP）75mg／m^2,分3次用完。21d为1个周期,连用2—3周期。完全缓解2例,部分缓解29例,总有效率38．8％。毒副反应主要是骨髓抑制、脱发和恶心呕吐,多为轻度。可见,多西紫杉醇＋DDP治疗NSCLC可获得较高疗效,毒副反应轻,值得临床推广应用。     

A patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis presenting with perforated peritonitis

We report a patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis, who underwent urgent surgical treatment for perforated peritonitis. The 54-year-old man suddenly developed cramping abdominal pain and fever while hospitalized, with signs of peritoneal irritation. An emergency laparotomy was performed, and severe stenosis of the rectum and a perforated lesion on the oral side approximately 10 cm distant from the stenosis were found, with massive abdominal purulent fluid. He was treated by rectosigmoid colon resection with transverse colon loop colostomy. Histopathologically, the stenosis was caused by ulceration extending to all muscular layers of the rectum, with inflammatory changes. Benign rectal stenosis is so rare that differential diagnosis from malignancy may be difficult when there are inflammatory changes in the surrounding tissues. However, it is necessary to keep in mind the likelihood of this disease in differentiation from rectal cancer. Received: December 21, 1998 / Accepted: May 28, 1999     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.     

肿瘤病人弓形虫感染分析

在肿瘤的发生和发展进程中 ,多伴有免疫功能低下或缺陷 ,从而极易遭受各种感染。弓形虫是机会感染因子 ,当患者免疫功能受损时 ,易于感染 ,还会使隐性感染激活 ,引起低热不退、淋巴结肿和脑神经系统的反应 ,此现象尚未引起临床医师的重视。近年来 ,我们对 4 0 9例肿瘤病人进行了弓形虫感染及弓形虫病的分析观察 ,报告如下 :1　材料与方法1 1　材料　 30 4例病人血清取自江西省肿瘤医院住院或门诊病人 ,随机抽样后低温保存待检 ,10 5例取自其他医院送检样品 ,有急性症状者随到随检 ,以便及时做病原学检测。1 2　弓形虫病诊断方法1 2 1　免疫…     

Infection with Rhodococcus equi in a patient with sarcoidosis treated with corticosteroids

A 51-year-old female farmer was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis. During 4 years of observation, slow radiological progression was observed. Cough then developed, necessitating treatment with corticosteroids. After 28 months of continuous treatment with prednisolone in low doses (5-7.5 mg daily), she suffered fever episodes, recurrent haemoptyses, general malaise and loss of weight. A chest roentgenogram showed a left upper lobe infiltrate, which progressed and finally cavitated, and rib destruction. Despite efforts, including a thoracotomy, 22 months passed before a diagnosis could be made. Blood and sputum cultures and cultures from the destroyed rib showed growth of Rhodococcus equi, a common soil organism which can cause infections in foals and other animals. Treatment with rifampicin and erythromycin was successful. R. equi has been reported to cause infection in patients with neoplastic disease and/or immunosuppression, but the disease might be more common than is suggested by the sparse case reports in the literature, owing to lack of familiarity with the organism, which will tend to be overlooked as a contaminant.     

Treating patients with lupus with B-cell depletion

A new era in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus has dawned with the increasing introduction of monoclonal antibodies and other approaches, that target the key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. At present the ability to block the CD20 molecule on those B cells that carry this marker has proved the most effective way to treat patients resistant to conventional immunosuppressive drugs. However, these studies have all been open label and the results of double blind controlled studies are eagerly awaited.